Abstract: A closed drift ion source is provided, having an anode that serves as both the center magnetic pole and as the electrical anode. The anode has an insulating material cap that produces a closed drift region to further increase the electrical impedance of the source. The ion source can be configured as a round, conventional ion source for space thruster applications or as a long, linear ion source for uniformly treating large area substrates. A particularly useful implementation uses the present invention as an anode for a magnetron sputter process.

Abstract: In order to achieve a discharge lamp suited to operate under reduced nominal power of e.g. 20-30 W, a lamp is proposed with two electrodes (24) arranged at a distance in a discharge vessel (20, 120) for generating an arc discharge. The discharge vessel (20, 120) has a filling with a substantially free of mercury and comprises a metal halide and a rare gas. The lamp (10, 110) further comprises an outer bulb (18) arranged around the discharge vessel at a distance (d2). The outer bulb (18) is sealed and has a gas filling of a thermal conductivity (?). The inner diameter (d1) of the discharge vessel is preferably in a range from 2-2.7 mm. The wall thickness (w1) is in a range from 1.4-2 mm. A heat transition coefficient (?/d2) is calculated as thermal conductivity (?) at 800° C. of the outer bulb filling divided by the distance (d2). The so-defined heat 10 transition coefficient is below 150 W/(m2K).

Abstract: An AC plasma display panel. A front substrate is opposite a rear substrate, and a plurality of ribs are interposed therebetween, defining a plurality of sub-pixels. The front substrate has a plurality of sustain electrodes extending along a first direction. Each of the sustain electrodes has a auxiliary electrode, a plurality of extending electrodes extending along a second direction and sticking into the corresponding sub-pixels, and a plurality of connecting electrodes, each of which connects adjacent extending electrodes.

Abstract: A switching element includes a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2 provided apart from each other so as to run a discharge current between them, and a third electrode 3 configured to be capable of changing the difference in potential from at least one of the first and second electrodes 1 and 2, and of controlling the magnitude of the discharge current running between the first and second electrodes 1 and 2 by changing this potential difference.

Abstract: A field emission RF amplifier. The field emission RF amplifier includes one or more RF amplification units on a substrate and held in a vacuum state and facing a reflection electrode. The RF amplification unit includes a cathode electrode, gate electrode, and an anode electrode all formed on the same substrate. The cathode electrode has a CNT emitter. A DC voltages are applied to the cathode and anode electrodes. An RF signal is input at the cathode electrode and is amplified and output at the anode electrode. Capacitors and inductors are arranged to filter out AC and DC components where needed. An improved amplification of RF signals with high electron mobility and good impedance matching abilities result.

Abstract: While high heat is generated in the anode section in the gas discharge tube in accordance with the present invention during its use, the heat is transmitted to the stem by way of the anode support plate due to a configuration in which the anode support plate abuts against the stem, and is released outside from the stem, whereby the cooling efficiency of the anode section is improved. Since the anode section employs not a floating structure including stem pins interposed therein but a configuration in which it is seated on the stem by way of the anode support plate, the anode section is stabilized on the stem, whereby the resistance to vibration improves. Also, for assembling the anode section into a sealed envelope, it will be sufficient if the anode support plate is mounted on the stem, which contributes to improving the easiness in assembling the gas discharge tube.

Abstract: A gas discharge tube includes an envelope for sealing a gas, lead pins and a light-emitting assembly. The light-emitting assembly includes: a focusing electrode support member of a conductive material; a hot cathode for emitting thermoelectrons; an anode for receiving thermoelectrons; a focusing electrode for converging paths of thermoelectrons; a spacer of an insulator being arranged between the focusing electrode support member and the anode; and an anode support member of an insulator for pushing the anode onto the focusing electrode support member through the spacer. A gas discharge tube having a long service life and capable of improving the operational stability during long-time continuous light emission can be provided.

Abstract: An Arc Chamber Assembly for use in an Ionization Source for dissociating to a desired ion form an element or compound of a material and ionizing such element or compound to provide a beam of charged particles. The chamber is enclosed within a structure having separate sides and ends and top and bottom and having a filament extending through the chamber, the filament having two end sections, each located along the same longitudinal axis with a central section offset from the end sections, but having a longitudinal axis parallel to the end sections, the filament further having two loops of essentially 180 degrees each separating the central section from the two end sections.