Abstract: A field emission panel is provided. The field emission panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate, a sealing member and a plurality of spaces which are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a plurality of concave portions which are formed on a surface of the first substrate, a plurality of cathode electrodes which are disposed within each of the plurality of concave portions, a plurality of field emission materials which are disposed on each of the cathode electrodes, a plurality of gate electrodes which are fixed to areas of the surface of the first substrate which separate the concave portions of the first substrate with a gap therebetween, a light emission unit which is disposed on the second substrate, and a charging prevention resistance unit which is disposed on the first substrate, on a gap between a pair of gate electrodes.

Abstract: An electric lamp comprises an inner assembly including a light source and a control gear circuit. An outer envelope encloses the light source and at least a part of the control gear and has a predetermined wall thickness and an end portion. The outer envelope is comprised of two parts separated along a circumferential line. The two parts of the envelope are connectable and sealable to form a uniform outer envelope with a seal region. The seal region has a wall thickness and is merged in a surface portion of the two parts of the envelope so that the surface unevenness of the seal region is not greater than 0.5 millimeters, and the maximum difference of the wall thickness of the seal region with respect to the wall thickness of the outer envelope is not greater than 0.3 millimeters. A method for manufacturing an electric lamp as described above is also disclosed.

Abstract: A flat-panel display device having a transparent first plate and a second plate which are disposed in parallel with each other and cooperate to define therebetween an air-tight space in which light is generated for emission through the first plate, the display device including a sealing material for air-tightly sealing the air-tight space along a periphery of the first and second plates, and metallic thin sheets bonded with the sealing material to end faces of the first and second plates such that the metallic thin sheets cover the end faces.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fluorescent lamp with a discharge vessel enclosing a discharge path and containing a gas fill. The gas fill may be by excited by a discharge arc. The discharge vessel has at least two sections located adjacent to each other. There are bypass means for providing a bypass path for the gas discharge during a startup of the lamp between the two adjacent sections of the discharge vessel. The bypass path results in a short-cut across the impedance of a portion of the discharge path. A method for starting a discharge arc of the fluorescent lamp is also disclosed. In the method, a voltage is applied between two electrodes across the discharge path, and a bypass path is provided between two ends of a bypassed part of the discharge path. The discharge path is divided into a bypassed part and a remaining part.

Abstract: A solar/thermal radiation cell device comprising at least two parallel metal or semiconductor plates of equal or unequal dimensions separated by an air or an insulated gap and based on an insulator slab for producing electricity from solar energy. Multiple cells are arranged in a stack and connected in series and/or parallel to cascade the electrical energy obtained.

Abstract: A hollow cathode discharge tube is used for atomic absorption analysis. The tube has a cathode which includes a first hollow portion and a second hollow portion connected to each other. The second hollow portion has a diameter greater than the first hollow portion and a close end. Inserted through the closed end is a rod-like anode which has a part within the hollow space of the cathode. There is a auxiliary electrode which can be an auxiliary anode that surrounds the rod-like anode and is insulated therefrom. There is an additional electrode which can be an auxiliary cathode at the front end portion of the cathode. The cathode is formed of a material that is a material or includes a material that is to be analyzed.

Abstract: A negative glow discharge lamp including a wire anode and a cathode disposed within a phosphor-coated envelope. The thickness radius of the wire used for the anode is less than the electron mean free path in the discharge. In a preferred embodiment, the wire anode is in the form of a cylindrical cage coaxially surrounding the cathode and includes a pair of wire rings spaced apart and interconnected by a plurality of transversing wire segments. The diameter of each of the wire rings and the length of each of the wire segments are greater than the electron mean free path in the discharge. The wire anode does not attain a positive anode voltage drop (PAVD) during lamp operation. As a result, the efficiency of the glow discharge lamp is improved.

Abstract: A hollow cathode assembly especially suitable for a boosted discharge hollow cathode lamp includes, a hollow cathode open at spaced apart ends, formed from a selected element which characterizes the assembly, and a cathode support. An anode is spaced from one of the open ends of the cathode, while an electron emitter has its outlet spaced from the other open end of the cathode. An inner envelope is provided to constrain the electron stream from the electron emitter to the anode to pass through the cathode. The cathode support is not insulated to prevent surface discharge therefrom but in operation of the lamp, the stream of electrons from the electron emitter through the cathode to the anode substantially confines surface discharge to the interior of the cathode.

Abstract: A gas discharge display panel for a large screen display in which the display brightness and emission efficiency are very high, the display accuracy is high, and is simple to construct. Cathode electrodes having openings forming discharge cells are arranged in parallel on a front plate and a number of anode electrodes are arranged in parallel on a rear plate orthogonal to the cathode electrodes. Each opening in the cathode electrodes may be rectangular, substantially rectangular or circular. The length of one side of a rectangular opening or the diameter of a circular opening is set to satisfy 40.lambda..sub.e .ltoreq.D.ltoreq.500.lambda..sub.e while the thickness of the cathode electrode is 10.lambda..sub.e .ltoreq.T.ltoreq.100.lambda..sub.e, where .lambda..sub.e is the mean free path of electrons in a gas sealed in the display panel.

Abstract: A gas discharge display panel for a large screen display in which the display brightness and emission efficiency are very high, the display accuracy is high, and is simple to construct. Cathode electrodes having openings forming discharge cells are arranged in parallel on a front plate and a number of anode electrodes are arranged in parallel on a rear plate orthgonal to the cathode electrodes. Each opening in the cathode electrodes may be rectangular, substantially rectangular or circular. The length of one side of a rectangular opening or the diameter of a circular opening is set to satisfy 40.lambda..sub.e .ltoreq.D.ltoreq.500.lambda..sub.e while the thickness of the cathode electrode is 10.lambda..sub.e .ltoreq.T.ltoreq.100.lambda..sub.e, where .lambda..sub.e is the mean free path of electrons in a gas sealed in the display panel.

Abstract: A gas discharge display panel for a large screen display in which the display brightness and emission efficiency are very high, the display accuracy is high, and is simple to construct. Cathode electrodes having openings forming discharge cells are arranged in parallel on a front plate and a number of anode electrodes are arranged in parallel on a rear plate orthogonal to the cathode electrodes. Each opening in the cathode electrodes may be rectangular, substantially rectangular or circular. The length of one side of a rectangular opening or the diameter of a circular opening is set to satisfy 40.lambda..sub.e .ltoreq.D.ltoreq.500.lambda..sub.e while the thickness of the cathode electrode is 10.lambda..sub.e .ltoreq.T.ltoreq.100.lambda..sub.e, where .lambda..sub.e is the mean free path of electrons in a gas sealed in the display panel.