Abstract: Methods and systems for providing illumination of a specimen for inspection are provided. One embodiment relates to a system configured to provide illumination of a specimen for inspection. The system includes an electrodeless lamp configured to generate light. The system is further configured such that the light illuminates the specimen during the inspection. Another embodiment relates to a system configured to inspect a specimen. The system includes an electrodeless lamp configured to generate light and one or more optical elements configured to direct the light to the specimen. The system also includes a detection subsystem configured to generate output responsive to light from the specimen. The output can be used to detect defects on the specimen. An additional embodiment relates to a method for providing illumination of a specimen for inspection. The method includes illuminating the specimen during the inspection with light generated by an electrodeless lamp.

Abstract: A xenon lamp having a lamp tube made of silica glass containing titanium oxide and having a discharge chamber with a light emitting part containing xenon and in which a cathode and an anode are arranged in opposition to each other, the cathode and anode being mounted on an end of a respective lead rod, the lamp tube also having side tube parts extending from each of opposite sides of the light emitting part, each lead rod being sealed by a gradient binding part which is arranged in a respective side tube part, and the side tube parts having a narrowed shrink part in a region facing the light emitting part, wherein a conductive film is provided on an outer surface area of the shrink part and an adjoining area of an outer surface of the light emitting part at the cathode side of the lamp tube; and wherein the conductive film is electrically connected to the cathode.

Abstract: A new dual external electrode fluorescent lamp and a manufacturing method provides a manufacturing method of a dual external electrode fluorescent lamp comprising: (i) a step of providing a 1st glass tube that has both ends opened thereof and an inner wall thereof coated or not coated with a fluorescent material, wherein the diameter of the opened ends is extended; (ii) a step of mutually connecting the 1st glass tube with two 2nd glass tubes by joining both opened ends of the 1st glass tube to the two both-end opened 2nd glass tubes that include opened ends thereof and have a diameter larger than that of the 1st glass tube; (iii) a step of joining 1st multi-tube for the enlargement of an electrode area in the one 2nd glass tube or a ‘flare’ structure having one closed end to one end of one 2nd glass tube through insertion after spreading one end widely, and a step of enlarging an electrode area in the other 2nd tube and joining a 2nd multi-tube having an exhaust port to the other 2nd tube through insertion;

Abstract: In a high-pressure discharge lamp that includes a bulb formed from a light emitting part having a discharge space therein and a pair of sealing parts connected to the light emitting part, and an electrode pair disposed within the discharge space, a section of a proximity conductor is wound substantially spirally around one of the sealing parts within a predetermined range from the light emitting part, while the remaining section of the proximity conductor crosses over the light emitting part and is electrically connected to the electrode nearer the other sealing part. By initiating a discharge after applying a high-frequency voltage of 1 kHz to 1 MHz to a high-pressure mercury lamp having this structure, the breakdown voltage can be suppressed to at least 8 kV.

Abstract: It is provided a dielectric barrier discharge lamp (10) for providing ultraviolet light, comprising an outer tube (12) filled with a discharge gas for providing ultraviolet light, an inner tube (14) arranged at least partially inside the outer tube (12), an outer electrode (16) electrically connected to the outer tube (12) and an inner electrode (18) electrically connected to the inner tube (14), wherein the inner electrode (18) comprises a conductor (20) and a plurality of an conductive granulated material (22) for providing an electrical contact between the conductor (20) and the inner tube (14). Due to the conductive granulated material (22) an electrical contact between the conductor (20) and the inner tube (14) is safeguarded and different thermal expansions of the inner electrode (18) and the inner tube (14) are compensated at the same time without applying mechanical stress to the inner tube (14).

Abstract: The present invention comprises a globe shield and an inner disposed inside the shield, between which a low-pressured plasmic arc discharging zone is enclosed. Further, a glass division device near the inner in the discharging zone is coated with fluorescent powder on the surface thereof and is formed by glass or sheet glass having at least one opening defined on the glass to ensure the passage of air. The present invention advantages preferable ruminant efficiency as 15 to 20% higher as that of the conventional products, increasing the thermal resistance between the high-temperature circular discharging zone of the plasmic arc and the power coupler to decrease the heat generated by the corresponding radiation conduction for the inner, so that a large power is enabled by the present invention, accomplishing a performance of 200-300 W of the lighting power, and attaining a 75-85 Lm/W of the ruminant efficiency.

Abstract: An illuminating apparatus used for a display device includes a plurality of illuminating units, each of which includes a first feeding member, a second feeding member, and a cold-cathode tube lamp that is fed by a power supply apparatus via the first and second feeding members. An equivalent circuit of each illuminating unit is a series combination of negative resistor and a capacitor connected to an end of the negative resistor. The illuminating units are arranged such that the capacitors of the cold-cathode tube lamps are alternate in position. This can reduce the brightness gradient for the position in the tubular axis direction of the lamp.

Abstract: The cold cathode lamp includes a light-transmissive insulating tube; the first and second internal electrodes disposed inside the insulating tube; the first and second external electrodes disposed outside the insulating tube and connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively; the first and second insulating members covering the first and second external electrodes, respectively; the first opposite electrode opposite the first external electrode with the first insulating member interposed therebetween, the second opposite electrode opposite the second external electrode with the second insulating member interposed therebetween, the first insulating layer covering the outer edges of the first opposite electrode; and the second insulating layer covering the outer edges of the second opposite electrode. It is possible to light up a plurality of cold cathode lamps that are connected in parallel to a power supply.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flat discharge lamp and the production method thereof. The flat discharge lamp comprises an upper substrate, a lower substrate and a discharge chamber disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the discharge chamber is filled with an inert gas, and a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes are arranged with one another disposed on the discharge chamber. Besides, each of the first electrodes and second electrodes is connected with one end and another end of an alternating power supply, respectively. The invention is characterized in that the discharge chamber is provided with fluorescent film coated on its interior surface and a plurality of third electrodes each disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. Besides, all the third electrodes are connected to a common plane, or each of which is connected to the common plane, respectively.

Abstract: In a high-pressure discharge lamp that includes a bulb formed from a light emitting part having a discharge space therein and a pair of sealing parts connected to the light emitting part, and an electrode pair disposed within the discharge space, a section of a proximity conductor is wound substantially spirally around one of the sealing parts within a predetermined range from the light emitting part, while the remaining section of the proximity conductor crosses over the light emitting part and is electrically connected to the electrode nearer the other sealing part. By initiating a discharge after applying a high-frequency voltage of 1 kHz to 1 MHz to a high-pressure mercury lamp having this structure, the breakdown voltage can be suppressed to at least 8 kV.

Abstract: An arc discharge light source (10) comprises a translucent body (12) having a hollow center 14 and oppositely disposed ends (16, 18). A cathode lead-in 20 is positioned in one of the ends (16) and terminates at a first end (22) in a cathode electrode (24) within the hollow center (14) and a second end (26) in a connector (28) for a power supply. An anode lead-in 30 is positioned in the other of the ends (18) and terminates at a first end (32) in an anode electrode (34) within the hollow center (14) and at a second end (36) in a connector (40) for a power supply. A space (42) between the cathode electrode (24) and the anode electrode (34) within the hollow center (14) defines an arc gap. An arc generating and sustaining medium (43) is provided within the hollow center (14) and a starting aid (41) comprising an auxiliary electrode (44) substantially surrounds the anode electrode (34) and is positioned solely on the external surface (46) of the body (12) and is electrically connected to the cathode lead-in (20).

Abstract: An illuminating device for a display device includes a tube lamp which can be driven in parallel by power supplied from a power supply device through a first power supply member and a second power supply member; the first power supply member; and the second power supply member. The illuminating device is provided with illuminating sections whose equivalent circuit is a serially connected body having capacitors connected to the both ends of a negative resistance. The illuminating sections are driven in parallel by separating them into two systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light source device having a high-voltage discharge lamp (1) on which a trigger line (10) for triggering the lamp is attached. The high-voltage discharge lamp (1) is formed such that an arc tube (7) having a pair of substantially cylindrical sealing portions (9R, 9L) formed on both sides in the longitudinal direction with a light emitting portion (8) in between is sealed with electrode assemblies (3R, 3L). The trigger line (10) is formed such that its one end (10a) is connected to a power supply lead (6), which is of the electrode assembly (3L) and protruded from the one sealing portion (9L), and its other end (10c) is wound around the outer circumference of the other sealing portion (9R).

Abstract: An electric lamp is described, which has a quartz glass lamp vessel (10) accommodating an electric element (3, 4). The lamp vessel locally has a light-absorbing, non-reflective coating (11, 12). The coating mainly consists of iron, iron oxide, silicon, and silicon dioxide, the ratio of the weight percentages of iron (compounds) and silicon (compounds) being in the range of 0.17<=iron (compounds)/silicon (compounds)<-12, and the ratio of the weight percentages of silicon and silicon dioxide being in the range of 0.5<=silicon/silicon dioxide<=50.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp that can be easily manufactured to provide high brightness and high efficiency, a method of manufacturing the same, and a backlight unit having the same are provided. First and second non-emissive glass tube are joined to an emissive glass tube coated with a phosphor, and first and second electrodes are formed on outer surfaces of the first and second non-emissive glass tubes. The first and second non-emissive tubes may have the same diameter as the emissive glass tube. The first and second non-emissive glass tubes are simply joined to the emissive glass tube, thereby reducing the manufacturing process and cost. The first and second non-emissive glass tubes are formed to be thinner than the emissive glass tube, thereby enhancing the brightness and efficiency of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: A light source comprising a lucent waveguide of solid dielectric material having: an at least partially light transmitting Faraday cage surrounding the waveguide, a bulb cavity within the waveguide and the Faraday cage and an antenna re-entrant within the waveguide and the Faraday cage and a bulb having a microwave excitable fill, the bulb being received in the bulb cavity.

Abstract: A connecting member is adapted to be coupled with a connection object including a pipe portion having a sealed end and a terminal portion protruding outward from the sealed end. The connecting member includes a tubular portion adapted to be fitted over an outer peripheral surface of the pipe portion, a bottom portion connected to one end of the tubular portion in an axial direction and adapted to be faced to the sealed end when the tubular portion is fitted over the outer peripheral surface of the pipe portion, and a connecting portion connected to the bottom portion and adapted to be connected to the terminal portion. The tubular portion includes a plurality of elastic sections separated by a plurality of slits extending from the other end towards the one end in the axial direction and adapted to be brought into elastic contact with the pipe portion.

Abstract: A high-intensity discharge lamp includes a discharge vessel made of an insulator, and a cathode and anode. A V-shaped gap is provided between the anode and a first region of the vessel directly adjacent to where the anode separates from an interior surface of the vessel. A secondary cathode is provided on an exterior surface of the vessel at the first region, where the secondary cathode is positioned so that the V-shaped gap and the first region are between the secondary cathode and the anode. An electric field at the first region produces a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) which generates ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet VUV photons that impinge on the cathode and initiate a breakdown between the cathode and anode.

Abstract: An excimer lamp has a single tubular discharge chamber configured to enclose a discharge gas that is a noble gas or a mixing gas consisting of a noble gas and a halogen gas; a pair of electrodes configured to be arranged along opposite sides of the exterior surface of the discharge chamber; and an outer tube configured to cover the discharge chamber and the electrodes. Excimer molecules are produced by either dielectric barrier discharge or capacitive-coupled high-frequency discharge. An interior of a space formed between the outer tube and the discharge chamber is either in a vacuum state that is necessary and sufficient for preventing discharge, or is filled with an arc-suppression gas.

Abstract: An electrodeless plasma lamp and method of generating light are described. The lamp may comprise a lamp body, a source of radio frequency (RF) power and a bulb. The lamp body may comprise a solid dielectric material and at least one conductive element within the solid dielectric material. The source of RF power is configured to provide RF power and an RF feed configured to radiate the RF power from the RF source into the lamp body. One or more tuning mechanisms allow tuning of the lamp body to a given resonant frequency. The bulb is positioned proximate the lamp body and contains a fill that forms a plasma when the RF power is coupled to the fill from the lamp body. The at least one conductive element is configured to concentrate an electric field proximate the bulb.

Abstract: A cold cathode tube lamp is fed with power from a first conductive member and a second conductive member provided outside in a mounted state, and includes a glass tube, first and second internal electrodes provided inside the glass tube, a first external electrode provided outside the glass tube and connected to the first internal electrode, a second external electrode provided outside the glass tube and connected to the second internal electrode, a first insulating layer coated on the first external electrode, and a second insulating layer coated on the second external electrode. In a mounted state, the first conductive member and the first external electrode are capacitively coupled together, and the second conductive member and the second external electrode are capacitively coupled together. With such a structure, parallel lighting can be achieved by parallel driving.

Abstract: Disclosed is an EEFL and LCD device using the same, the EEFL comprising: a glass tube coated with a fluorescent material therein and filled with discharge gas, main electrodes at both ends of the glass tube and sub-electrodes formed at an outer surface of the glass tube and being respectively spaced from the main electrodes, or comprising: a glass tube coated with a fluorescent material therein and filled with discharge gas, main electrodes at both ends of the glass tube, sub-electrodes at an outer surface of the glass tube and being respectively spaced from the main electrodes and electrode connection lines connecting each of the main electrodes and the sub-electrodes to each other.

Abstract: In an excimer lamp, rare gas and fluorine are enclosed inside a translucent ceramics arc tube. External electrodes are formed on an outer surface of the arc tube. A condition of 2.5+0.5 log(CF)?G?14?4 log(CF) is satisfied in the case of 0.1?CF?10, wherein G (mm) is a discharge gap in the arc tube and CF (%) is molar concentration of the fluorine.

Abstract: The gas discharge lamp contains a lamp body and an UV unit. The UV unit contains a separate airtight chamber wrapping around at least a neck member of the lamp body and covering at least a part of a Mo tinsel inside the neck member. The airtight chamber is filled with one or more gases capable of being ionized, and is wound by a conductor whose one end is connected to a conduction wire extended out of one of the neck members. When the gas discharge lamp is turned on, the gases in the airtight chamber are ionized to produce an UV light to penetrate the discharge chamber. The gas discharge lamp therefore could have a lower starting voltage and an improved starting efficiency. Additionally, as the airtight chamber provides a heat insulation effect, the temperature-induced stress is thereby reduced.

Abstract: A gas-discharge lamp (1) is described having an inner envelope (2) comprising a discharge vessel (3) and two tubular sections (6, 7) arranged on the discharge vessel, having two electrodes (4, 5) that project from the tubular sections (6, 7) into the discharge vessel (3) and that, to enable them to be supplied with power, are electrically connected to respective electrical conductors (10, 11) that extend through the associated tubular sections (6, 7) and that are enclosed in the tubular sections (6, 7) with a gastight seal along a sealing section (8, 9). The lamp (1) has an outer envelope (18) that is connected at each of its ends to respective ones of the tubular sections (6, 7) of the inner envelope (2) and that surrounds the discharge vessel (3) while leaving an outer cavity (20) between itself (18) and the discharge vessel (3).

Abstract: An exemplary external electrode fluorescent lamp includes a fluorescent tube having two electrodes fixed at two ends thereof, and two inner caps respectively holding the electrodes. Each inner cap includes an electrode receiving portion configured for receiving the electrode, a conductive layer provided at inner surfaces of the electrode receiving portion, a lead receiving portion integrally formed with the electrode receiving portion, and a conductive lead received in the lead receiving portion. The conductive layer contacts the conductive layer. A backlight module employing the external electrode fluorescent lamp is also provided.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp (1) with a discharge vessel, which has an outer tube (2), which surrounds a discharge space (4) filled with a discharge medium, an outer electrode (6), which is arranged on the outer side of the outer tube (2), an elongate inner electrode (7), which is arranged axially within the outer tube (2), at least one retaining disk (8) with an axial bore, through which the elongate inner electrode (7) runs, the retaining disk (8) extending substantially from the inner electrode (7) up to the inner side of the outer tube (2), as a result of which the inner electrode (7) is centered at least indirectly within the discharge vessel. The retaining disk (8) is supported on both sides loosely in the direction of the longitudinal axis by means of a supporting means (9a-9c) on the left-hand side and a supporting means (10a-10c) on the right-hand side.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp is disclosed, which has a discharge vessel enclosing with a wall a discharge volume filled with discharge gas. There is a phosphor layer within the discharge volume. The discharge lamp comprises first and second sets of interconnected electrodes, which are isolated from the discharge volume by at least one dielectric layer. At least one of the dielectric layers is the wall of the discharge vessel. Both the first and second sets of electrodes are located external to the discharge vessel. Advantageously, the discharge vessel comprises an outer tubular portion with an internal surface and an inner tubular portion with an outward surface. The outer tubular portion surrounds the inner tubular portion, and the discharge volume is enclosed between the internal surface of the outer tubular portion and the outward surface of the inner tubular portion.

Abstract: A lamp electrode includes a sealed tube for generating light when powered by an external power supply and a pair of electrodes formed on the ends of the sealed tube. Solder is filled into the space between each electrode and the sealed tube, and formed on the surface of the exterior surface of the electrodes. A method for forming the lamp electrode includes forming a cylindrically shaped electrode on an end of a sealed tube; maintaining a supply of solder in the liquid state; and dipping the end of the tube on which the electrode is formed into the solder.

Abstract: An excimer lamp, including a discharge vessel made of silica glass and having a discharge space; a pair of electrodes disposed on the discharge vessel, wherein the discharge space is filled with xenon gas; and an ultraviolet reflection film made from ultraviolet scattering particles, including silica particles and alumina particles, formed on a surface of the discharge vessel exposed to the discharge space. A thickness Y of the ultraviolet reflection film satisfies the expression Y>4X+5, given that a mean particle diameter of the ultraviolet scattering particles making up the ultraviolet reflection film is X (?m).

Abstract: A lamp holder for a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) lamp (1), especially for use in a treatment system or reactor or housing or in an irradiation apparatus, for radiating a medium like a fluid and/or a gas and/or a solid material by means of the DBD lamp (1) is disclosed. The holder substantially comprises two end caps (21, 31) at the axial ends of the lamp (1) and an inner electrode (23, 24; 33, 34) with a screw fitting (SF) for exerting an axial pressure on both axial ends of the lamp (I) via both end caps (21, 31) and with axial bores (25, 35) into an inner volume (14) for guiding especially a cooling medium and for electrically contacting an inner tube (II) of the lamp (1). The holder has a comparatively simple construction and can easily be assembled. Furthermore, even larger tolerances of the lamp length can be compensated and a reliable sealing of the inner volume (14) against the outside of the lamp (1) is achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluorescent lamp with an external electrode used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device or others. To reduce invalid parts of the backlight, the length in an axial direction of an external electrode of the fluorescent lamp is required to be reduced. Therefore, a concave portion is provided to the end of the fluorescent lamp with an external electrode, and by forming the external electrode in the concave portion, the total area of the external electrodes is secured. Even if the length in the axial direction of the external electrode is short, discharge is stabilized. Graphite is used for the external electrode; however, graphite in which a water glass component is increased to enhance its mechanical strength is used.

Abstract: An ignition aid (50, 60, 70, 80, 100, 120, 130, 150, 160, or 170) is provided for an HID lamp (20). Particularly the ignition aid includes an electrically conductive coil or coil portions wrapped around selected portions of the arc tube to act as the ignition aid and lower the breakdown voltage. In other embodiments, starting aids, and particularly one or more turns of the conductive coil or coil portions support the arc tube within an opening of a surrounding shroud (90) and thereby control the spacing between the arc tube (20) and the shroud (90). This limits the maximum thermal stress of the arc tube within a desired range.

Abstract: A lucent plasma crucible having a closed body for enclosing a fill material filled in a void formed within the closed body and enclosed by the closed body, the fill material being excitable by microwave energy to generate a light-emitting plasma. The crucible is dimensioned to have low order TE or TM microwave mode properties. The orders of the modes are 0, 1 or 2. Crucibles may be regular or irregular in shape. For circular cylindrical crucibles having diameter (d) in cm, length (l) in cm, and operating frequency (f) in MHZ, (d/l)2 is between 0 and 100, and (d×f)2 is between 0 and 2×109. Also 0<(d/l)2<20 and 0<(d×f)2<1.5×109 may be used.

Abstract: The gas discharge lamp contains a lamp body and an UV unit. The UV unit contains a separate airtight chamber wrapping around at least a neck member of the lamp body and covering at least a part of a Mo tinsel inside the neck member. The airtight chamber is filled with one or more gases capable of being ionized, and is wound by a conductor whose one end is connected to a conduction wire extended out of one of the neck members. When the gas discharge lamp is turned on, the gases in the airtight chamber are ionized to produce an UV light to penetrate the discharge chamber. The gas discharge lamp therefore could have a lower starting voltage and an improved starting efficiency. Additionally, as the airtight chamber provides a heat insulation effect, the temperature-induced stress is thereby reduced.

Abstract: An excimer discharge lamp comprises an electric discharge container and a pair of electrodes provided in an outer face of the electric discharge container, wherein the electric discharge container is made up of a tubular side wall on which the pair of electrodes are provided, one end wall that seals one end of the tubular side wall, and another end wall that seals another end of the tubular side wall, wherein a chip pipe made of metal or an alloy is formed on the another end wall, and wherein a dividing wall made of sapphire, YAG, or single crystal yttria is provided at a portion of the another end wall that is located in a shortest distance portion between the chip pipe and an inner face of the side wall on which the pair of electrodes is provided.

Abstract: A compact gas discharge lamp (301) comprising four (or more) interconnected tube segments (11, 12, 13, 14) is provided with an external electrode (310) that extends at least throughout the length of the tube segments and that is in contact with all tube segments. Several embodiments of the external electrode are disclosed. The external electrode is preferably connected to a node (C) midway between the lamp electrodes, to which end a capacitive divider (441, 442) is arranged in parallel with the lamp.

Abstract: Provided is a plasma generating apparatus. The apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, an ElectroStatic Chuck (ESC), an antenna holder. The vacuum chamber has a hollow interior and is sealed at its top a by a vacuum plate that has a through-hole at its center. The ESC is disposed at an internal center of the vacuum chamber. The antenna unit is disposed within the vacuum chamber under the vacuum plate. The antenna cover covers and is coupled to a top of the antenna unit and receives and forwards an external source RF to the antenna unit. The cover holder is caught by an upper surface of the vacuum plate and suspends and holds the antenna unit.

Abstract: A excimer lamp comprises an electric discharge container in which a sealing member is provided between a lid member and an arc tube which does not contain silica, and a pair of external electrodes which are separately provided on an outer surface of the arc tube, wherein rare gas and a fluoride is enclosed in the electric discharge container, and the fluoride is sulfur hexafluoride, carbon tetrafluoride, or nitrogen trifluoride.

Abstract: A flat light source structure includes an upper substrate made of a light transmitting material; a lower substrate separated from the upper substrate by a distance; a barrier rib for maintaining the distance, thereby defining a discharge space filled with a discharge gas; a phosphor coated on at least one of the inner surfaces of the upper substrate and the lower substrate, respectively; a pair of main electrodes disposed at predetermined positions on the surface of the upper or lower substrate and applied with a predetermined driving voltage, frequency and duty ratio to excite the phosphor by plasma generated; an auxiliary electrode formed at a predetermined position on the lower and/or upper substrate(s) to have a parallel component which is parallel with any one of the main electrodes when viewing the discharge space from the upper substrate and a perpendicular component which traverses across the pair of main electrodes.

Abstract: An external electrode fluorescent lamp for a backlight, including: a lamp that emits light; a first external electrode at one end of the lamp, and a second external electrode at a second end of the lamp; a dividing electrode between the first and second external electrodes and defining a plurality of divided regions; and a separating wall inside the lamp corresponding to the dividing electrode and separating the lamp into the divided regions.

Abstract: A lamp comprises a light source in the form of a light emitting resonator 1, a magnetron 2 and a stub tuner 3. A reflector 4 is fitted at the junction of the light source and the stub tuner, for directing the light in a generally collimated beam 5. The light emitting resonator comprises an enclosure 11 formed of inner and outer envelopes 12,13 of quartz. These are circular cylindrical tubes 14,15, with respective end plates 16,17. A tungsten wire mesh 18, of a mesh size to exhibit a ground plane to microwaves within the resonator, is sandwiched between the tubes and the end plates respectively. Each envelope, comprised of its tube and end plates is hermetic. An earth connection 18? extends from the mesh to the outside of the envelope. The length axially of the enclosure between the wire mesh sandwiched between the end plates is ?/2 for the operating microwave frequency. At one end of the enclosure, a molybdenum drive connection 19 extends to a tungsten disc 20.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes an external electrode and an internal electrode provided at opposite ends of a fluorescent tube. A power conductor may connect to the internal electrode extend outside the tube to provide a connection point for the internal electrode. The tube may include an internal support element at a first end of the tube and a substantially self supporting second end of the tube. A method for assembling a backlight includes obtaining a fluorescent lamp with an external electrode at a first end of a tube, an internal electrode at a second end of the tube opposite the first end, and an internal support element at the second end of the tube. The first end of the tube may be substantially self supporting. The method also connects first and second drive connectors to the first and second ends of the tube.

Abstract: This relates to a backlight unit that is adaptive for reducing leakage current. A backlight unit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of lamps; a common electrode electrically connected to an electrode of any one of the lamps; and a lower side support that supports the common electrode and that includes a shielding part, wherein the shielding part is in between a portion of the common electrode and the electrode.

Abstract: An arc lamp apparatus is disclosed, which may include a base having a plurality of electrical connections, and a vessel. The vessel may include a plurality of electrodes, a gas filled bulb, and a plurality of pinches. An electrical arc that emits radiation may be formed within the plurality of electrodes. A first pinch may contain a first electrode of the plurality of electrodes. A second pinch may be fixed perpendicular to the base. The second pinch may contain a second electrode not fixed to the base. The second electrode may be connected to an external electrode connecting lead that routes in proximity to the gas filled bulb. The external electrode connecting lead may be shrouded by a reflective material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal display panel for modulating light to form an image, and a back light unit having a plurality of lamp tubes with outside electrodes and without inside electrodes. Each of the plurality of lamp tubes has a first outside electrode disposed at one end portion and a second outside electrode disposed at another end portion. The first outside electrode which is disposed at one of the plurality of lamp tubes is electrically connected with the first outside electrode disposed at an adjacent another of the plurality of lamp tubes by a conductive member, and the second outside electrode which is disposed at the one of said plurality of lamp tubes is electrically connected with the second outside electrode disposed at the adjacent another of the plurality of lamp tubes by a conductive member.

Abstract: A lamp and a back light unit for improved brightness and efficiency are disclosed. In the lamp, a transparent tube is sealed with a discharge gas. A fluorescent material is formed within the transparent tube in an emitter section that generates light. Electrodes are installed at both sides of the glass tube.

Abstract: A high-frequency discharge lamp includes a coaxial waveguide including an internal conductor and a pipe-shaped external conductor surrounding said internal conductor, and a discharge tube including a ceramic or glass tube having an approximately ellipse spherical bulged part formed in a middle of a longitudinal direction, and both ends pinched and sealed; a conductor assembly sealed and attached to an end of the ceramic or glass tube; and an auxiliary electrode for starting disposed near the approximately ellipse spherical bulged part. A rare gas for starting with 1 atmospheric pressure or more at room temperature together with a light emission substance is enclosed inside of the approximately ellipse spherical bulged part. The discharge tube is inserted conductor assembly end first and held in a top opening of the coaxial waveguide. A high-voltage pulse generated by a high-voltage pulse generator is applied to the auxiliary electrode through a pulse transmission line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flat discharge lamp (1000) that transmits in the visible and/or UV comprising first and second dielectric walls (2, 3) that are facing each other, kept parallel and sealed at the periphery (8), that thus define an internal space (10) filled with a plasma gas and comprising a source of UV and/or visible light (6); and first and second electrodes (4, 5) in separate planes parallel to the first and second walls, the first electrode (4) being at a potential V0 higher than the potential V1 of the second electrode, and the first electrode being arranged in the internal space and closer to the first dielectric wall than the second electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display contains one or more external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFL). Each EEFL has a tube filled with a discharge gas. Opposing first and second electrodes are disposed on an outer surface of the tube. Each of the first and second electrodes includes a cap electrode at one end of the tube and a first line electrode along a length direction of the tube; and a second electrode on the outer surface, the second electrode including a second cap electrode at the other end of the tube and a second line electrode along the length direction of the tube.