Abstract: Ribs for an image display medium, which ribs can be retained between a pair of substrates. These image display medium ribs are formed by liquid injection molding (LIM molding), utilizing a heat-curable epoxy resin. In addition, the image display medium ribs are formed so as to have a cell-form arrangement.

Abstract: A flat lamp for emitting light to a surface area of a liquid crystal display device includes a bottom having a channel uniformly crossing an entire surface of the bottom, an arc-discharging gas is disposed within the channel, a cover disposed upon an upper junction surface of the bottom, the cover is coated with a fluorescent material, and an electric field generating means for generating an electric field, wherein the electric field generating means is placed along opposing lateral sides of the channel.

Abstract: A field electron emission material is formed by coating a substrate (221, 230) having an electrically conductive surface with a plurality of electrically conductive particles (223, 231). Each particle has a layer of electrically insulating material (222, 232) disposed either in a first location between the conductive surface of the substrate (221) and the particle (223), or in a second location between the particle (231) and the environment (237) in which the field electron emission material is disposed, but not in both of such first and second locations, so that at least some of the particles (223, 231) form electron emission sites at such first or second locations. A number of field emission devices are disclosed, utilizing such electron emission material.

Abstract: A plasma display panel in which partition walls are formed to have different widths includes a front substrate and a rear substrate facing the front substrate. The front substrate includes sustain electrodes, a dielectric layer that covers the sustain electrodes, and a protective layer formed on the bottom of the dielectric layer. The rear substrate includes a address electrodes, partition walls formed parallel to the address electrodes discharge spaces therebetween, the partition walls having corresponding different widths. Red, green and blue phosphor layers are deposited on the corresponding insides of adjacent pairs of the partition walls.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fluorescent lamp with a discharge vessel enclosing a discharge path and containing a gas fill. The gas fill may be by excited by a discharge arc. The discharge vessel has at least two sections located adjacent to each other. There are bypass means for providing a bypass path for the gas discharge during a startup of the lamp between the two adjacent sections of the discharge vessel. The bypass path results in a short-cut across the impedance of a portion of the discharge path. A method for starting a discharge arc of the fluorescent lamp is also disclosed. In the method, a voltage is applied between two electrodes across the discharge path, and a bypass path is provided between two ends of a bypassed part of the discharge path. The discharge path is divided into a bypassed part and a remaining part.

Abstract: An electrodeless discharge lamp includes a translucent bulb enclosing a luminous material; a coil for generating an alternating magnetic field that causes discharge in the luminous material; a power source for supplying an alternating current to the coil, the coil including a core and a winding provided near the bulb; and further includes startability improving means for improving startability of the lamp by generating a portion in which the alternating magnetic field generated by the coil is intensified in the bulb.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is formed with a plurality of partitions that include a plurality of main parts and a plurality of subparts that can extend from an end part of one or more of the plurality of main parts in a direction perpendicular to the main parts, to thereby provide an end part that is wider than a central part of the partition. The increased size of the end parts prevent swellings that may occur during the production process. Additionally, as part of the method of forming the partitions, the end parts of the partitions can be further partially heated to a temperature higher than a softening point of the partition material, for example, by an application of energy from a laser beam to further address the swelling problem.

Abstract: A board for a plasma color display, on which striped barrier ribs for partitioning address electrodes and discharge spaces are formed, and on which phosphor layer stripes emitting light of red, green and blue are formed in the grooves between the respectively adjacent barrier ribs, characterized in that the following relation is satisfied Pb>Pr where Pr is the distance between respectively adjacent barrier ribs for forming a red light emitting phosphor layer, and Pb is the distance between respectively adjacent barrier ribs for forming a blue light emitting phosphor layer, and that the height differences of the barrier ribs within the board face are within ±0.5˜±6 &mgr;m in reference to the average height of the barrier ribs, or characterized in that phosphor layer stripes respectively emitting light of the same color are formed in respectively adjacent two or more grooves.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flat gas discharge lamp having a discharge vessel and electrodes, the discharge vessel comprising a base plate (1) and a top plate (7) and having at least one spacer element (8) between base plate (1) and top plate (7). Spacer elements usually disrupt the homogeneity of the luminance distribution on the top plate 7. In order to avoid this, the spacer elements (8) are additionally configured as dielectrically impeded electrodes. For this purpose, each spacer element (8) has an electrically conductive component (9) connected to an electrode or current feed. As a result, the spacer elements (8) are actively involved in the discharge and, consequently, in the production of light.

Abstract: A front plate for a field-emission display includes a transparent substrate, and a conductive black matrix provided with a plurality of apertures and formed on one of surfaces of the transparent substrate. Barriers are formed of conductive inorganic material on predetermined positions of the black matrix, adjacent to the apertures. Fluorescent layers are formed in the apertures of the black matrix on the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) is capable of directly and effectively removing impurities from a discharging space for enhancing the purity of a discharging gas. The PDP has a getter layer formed of at least a portion of a barrier rib. The getter layer is independently formed at an upper portion of each barrier rib with respect to each discharging cell or maybe formed to cross each other at every other cell with respect to the discharging cells formed in a direction in which the barrier ribs extend. The getter material particles are dispersed in an insulation material so that the getter layer has an electrical insulation characteristic.

Abstract: In a plasma display panel, data electrodes are formed parallel to each other on a first substrate, and a selection voltage is to be applied to them. A dielectric layer covers a surface of the first substrate to include the data electrodes. Linear partitions are formed at a predetermined interval on the first substrate to be parallel to the data electrodes. A second substrate opposes the first substrate. A closed space between the first and second substrates is filled with a gas. Intersections of a pair of sustain discharge electrodes and data electrodes form matrix-like discharge cells. Stepped partitions are formed at a predetermined interval on the first substrate in a direction intersecting the linear partitions.

Abstract: A glass spacer for an electron-beam emitting display device is composed of non alkaline glass having almost the same linear expansion coefficient as that of soda-lime-silica glass. The glass includes SiO2 with 10 to 35 percent by mass, RO, in which “R” refers to an alkaline earth metal, with 20 to 60 percent by mass, B2O3 with 9 to 30 percent by mass and Al2O3 with 0 to 10 percent by mass, and which is substantially free of alkali. The linear expansion coefficient of the glass spacer is in a range from 76×10−7/° C. to 92×10−7/° C. The glass spacer may further include La2O3 with 0 to 30 percent by mass, ZnO with 0 to 8 percent by mass and TiO2 with 0 to 5 percent by mass.

Abstract: A method of forming barrier ribs on a back plate for use in a flat panel display. The method includes a step of delivering a rib material from a nozzle and leveling surfaces of the barrier ribs while moving the nozzle and back plate relative to each other.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display (EL) device which can prevent damage to layers due to a deposition mask in forming a light emitter layer or cathode using a deposition mask, and can prevent the short-circuit between a first electrode formed on a transparent substrate and a second electrode corresponding to the first electrode and can prevent deterioration of layer characteristics, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A dielectric-barrier discharge lamp device that can reliably prevent leakage of the coolant fluid used to cool the dielectric-barrier discharge lamp, and that can reliably cool the dielectric-barrier discharge lamp, is achieved by the dielectric-barrier discharge lamp device having a dielectric-barrier discharge lamp (1) with a hollow-cylinder-shaped discharge space (P) formed by an outer tube (3) that is roughly cylindrical in external shape and a co-axial inner tube (2), in which the inner tube (2) has a cylindrical tube extension (2A) that extends outward from the discharge space (4), and in which the outer periphery of the end (2A1) of the tube extension (2A) is held tightly by a coupler fitting (8) connected to a guide tube (11) through which a coolant fluid flows.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp is provided with a discharge vessel and a first and a second end portion (12a). The discharge vessel encloses a discharge space provided with a filling of mercury and an inert gas in a gastight manner. Each end portion (12a) supports an electrode (20a) arranged in the discharge space. An electrode shield (22a) encompasses at least one of the electrodes (20a) and is made from a ceramic material. Preferably, the electrode shield (22a) is tubular in shape with a lateral slit directed towards the discharge space. The lamp according to the invention has a comparatively low mercury consumption.

Abstract: A luminous display device and method of making the same wherein a front member of transparent glass (16) is fused to the rim area (4) of a rear member (1) having a recess (8) therein and protuberances (12) projecting from the base of the recess toward the front member, the protuberances being closely spaced with respect to each other and the front member to provide passages (14) between the protuberances and a light discharge chamber (20) between the front member and the recess. An opening (22) extends through the rear member communicating with the chamber. A tubular member (26) mounted on the rear member communicates with the opening for evacuating the chamber and filling it with ionizable gas. An electrode device (28) is mounted in the tubular member and is operatively connected to a power source (36) for ionizing the gas in the chamber thereby producing light discharge fingers (38,40,42,44) or streaks through the passages providing the desired display of light.

Abstract: A plasma display panel such that a sealing layer 10 is used for sealing the peripheral edge portions of a pair of glass substrates 1 and 3 and that first partition walls 6 for respectively providing discharge spaces 7 in a display area 9 between the glass substrates 1 and 3. A second partition wall 11 is so disposed as to surround the display area 9 inside the sealing layer 10 and is brought into intimate contact with the pair of glass substrates 1 and 3.

Abstract: A plasma display including a rear substrate having a picture display area including partitions arranged in parallel, address electrodes between the partitions and a phosphor layer deposited over the address electrodes; a front substrate having electrodes formed on the bottom surface thereof to cross the address electrodes, and sealed with the rear substrate by an adhesive on the edges of the substrates; an inlet and an outlet formed in the rear substrate, through which a flushing gas flows into and out of the display, respectively; and at least one path block for blocking flow of the flushing gas along paths nearest to the edges, such that the flushing gas flowed in through the inlet flows along the paths between the partitions to exit via the outlet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a plasma display panel that enables providing stabilized discharge characteristics of the panel. In the regions on a rear glass substrate inside a sealing layer and outside a display region, formed are second walls having a plurality of discontinuous portions and extending substantially in parallel to the sealing layer, and third walls opposed to the discontinuous portions of the second walls substantially in parallel to the sealing layer.

Abstract: For insertion into a lamp housing, a radiator module (1) is provided inside of the module with at least one discharge lamp as radiation source, which puts out an ultraviolet radiation produced by plasma within a discharge chamber (2), the plasma being formed by coupling an electromagnetic field into the discharge chamber (2) and the radiation produced by the plasma exits along a given optical axis through at least one body (12) transparent to ultraviolet radiation as a window. In the range of the plasma at least one diaphragm opaque to radiation is provided with a through-bore along the axis (6), an additional thermal radiation source is fixedly arranged in a given position within the module along the optical axis (6); the additionally produced radiation penetrates through a second transparent body (13) as entry window into the discharge chamber, and then exits along the axis through the first transparent body (12) together with the ultraviolet radiation produced by the plasma.

Abstract: An electrodeless discharge lamp includes a translucent bulb enclosing a luminous material; a coil for generating an alternating magnetic field that causes discharge in the luminous material; a power source for supplying an alternating current to the coil, the coil including a core and a winding provided near the bulb; and further includes startability improving means for improving startability of the lamp by generating a portion in which the alternating magnetic field generated by the coil is intensified in the bulb.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury-vapor discharge lamp is provided with a discharge vessel and a first and a second end portion (12a). The discharge vessel encloses a discharge space provided with a filling of mercury and an inert gas in a gastight manner. Each end portion (12a) supports an electrode (20a) arranged in the discharge space. An electrode shield (22a) encompasses at least one of the electrodes (20a) and is made from a ceramic material. Preferably, the electrode shield (22a) is tubular in shape with a lateral slit directed towards the discharge space.

Abstract: A multi-tube fluorescent discharge lamp, which is constructed of multiple glass tubes of different caliber in coaxial structure, the both sides of the inner most tube are connected to a cathode respectively, by isolating, perforating and blocking the discharge path, forming a successive discharge path, and coating phosphor on surface of the discharge tubes. The Invention can then have more fluorescent area than a conventional fluorescent lamp of the similar size and higher lumen as well as power transfer factor. Compared with the power consumption of a conventional fluorescent discharge lamp, the Invention therefore has higher luminous flux.

Abstract: A method and apparatus (50, 70, 90) for making a back glass substrate (24) for a plasma display panel (20) by forming hot sheet glass G heated above its annealing point and embodied either as a continuous ribbon (60) or discrete sheets (74). The hot forming provides the hot sheet glass G with gas discharge troughs (38) spaced by barrier ribs (40). The hot forming of the sheet glass G heated above its annealing point can be performed by a rotatable forming member (62) having curved projections (66) or by a press member (78) having elongated projections (84). The constructed plasma display panel (20) has a front glass substrate (22) and a back glass substrate (24) with the gas discharge trough and barrier rib construction made by hot forming above the annealing point.

Abstract: The gas discharge panel according to the present invention includes a pair of substrates, a plurality of barrier ribs, a sealing member, and two gas flow barriers. One of the substrates has a first vent hole and a second vent hole provided in a peripheral portion thereof for intercommunication between the inside and outside of the panel. The at least two gas flow barriers are provided between the sealing member and the barrier ribs located on opposite sides of an arrangement of the barrier ribs so that a gas introduced from the first vent hole flows through inter-rib spaces defined between adjacent pairs of barrier ribs and is expelled from the second vent hole.

Abstract: The present invention broadly provides an improvement in a deuterium arc lamp having structure (e.g., anode 27, baffle 28, etc.) mounted on the distal end of an electrical conductor (26) within an elongated tubular glass envelope (21) in spaced relation to the side wall (22) of the envelope. The improvement broadly comprises spacer means (24), such as axially-spaced disk-like first and second members (32, 33), that operatively engage the structure, and that restrain transverse movement of such structure within the envelope.

Abstract: Ultraviolet and vacuum ultraviolet radiators for use in the manufacture of semiconductors are provided which have improved lifetimes, improved distribution of radiation generation, improved distribution of emitted radiation, increased efficiency of radiation emission, and improved means for cooling. The radiators have novel electrodes, novel electrode configurations, novel means for distributing plasmas between electrodes, and have novel cooling means. These features enable the miniaturization of the radiators permitting high-intensity and uniform radiation exposure of planar surfaces. The radiators are used in the pre-treatment of semiconductor surfaces, the deposition of semiconductor thin films, and the post-deposition processing of semiconductor thin films.

Abstract: A plasma display panel has a front plate (10) and a back plate (3) disposed in parallel and opposite to each other, and spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other by partition walls (1a, 1b, 1c). The partition walls (1a, 1b, 1c) define discharge spaces (2) each having a plurality of discharge cells. Phosphor layers (9) are formed on surfaces of the discharge spaces (2). The partition walls (1a, 1b, 1c) is formed of a material containing at least one of red, green and blue pigments. Since the partition walls (1a, 1b, 1c) are capable of luminance adjustment and white balance adjustment, the plasma display panel does not need any additional manufacturing processes and can be fabricated at a relatively low cost.

Abstract: A switch for switching large currents and large charges includes an anode separated from a cathode with a cylindrical trigger electrode located around the anode and the gap. The cathode is of a metal such as zinc, cadmium, tin or magnesium. During operation, a suitable potential applied to the trigger electrode causes a main discharge to occur between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: A tubular glow discharge electrode is formed therein with a slot in which front end parts of support leads are inserted. The slot has a widened center part which defines an opening. The tube-like glow discharge tube is welded at its one end part to one of the support lead so as to be electrical conductive to the same, and is caulked at it's the other end part to the other one of the support leads through the intermediary of an insulator. A filament electrode (ark discharge electrode) carrying an electron-emissive substance is supported to the free end parts of the support leads within the tube-like glow discharge electrode which therefore surrounds the arc discharge electrode with a small gap defined between the glow discharge electrode and the filament electrode.

Abstract: An improved baffle (24) for directing the light discharged from a deuterium lamp includes a plate-like member configured as a cylindrical segment (25), an aperture (27) provided through a central portion (26) of the member, and a flattened portion (26) about the aperture. The flattened portion is of such size and has a surface of such reflectivity as to substantially eliminate interference ring(s) of discontinuous light intensity from the light output of the lamp. A deuterium employing the improved baffle affords the advantage of markedly-increased light intensity, as compared with prior art baffles, at selected wavelengths.

Abstract: A planar photoluminescent lamp having a plurality of internal walls to form a serpentine channel includes a deflection member at a distal end at least portion of the internal walls to force a plasma discharge into a central portion of the channel to thereby provide more uniform lighting at junctions between the turns in the serpentine channel. As a result, the photoluminescent lamp has more uniform brightness. The principles of the present invention may be extend to any photoluminescent lamp having a junction between two channels wherein a guide member serves to guide the plasma discharge toward the center of the channel at the junction.

Abstract: To increase the radiation output from a discharge lamp having a diaphragm arrangement located between an anode (3) and a heatable cathode (4), the diaphragm arrangement constricts the radiation discharge path along an axis (5, 105) extending through the diaphragm opening and towards the anode (3, 103), and has a dimension along the length of said axis of at least 0.3 mm. The diaphragm arrangement can be formed by a plurality, preferably about 3 diaphragm elements (6, 7, 8), each having diaphragm openings of from between 0.1 to 2 mm, made of sheet metal of a thickness of at least 0.03 mm, and preferably of between 0.1 to 1 mm, and in which the spacing of the diaphragm openings (10, 11, 12) with respect to each other is in the range of about 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably about 0.3 mm; alternatively, the diaphragm arrangement may include one massive diaphragm having an axial thickness of between 1 and 50 mm, preferably between about 1 and 5 mm, and spaced from the anode by between about 0.

Abstract: A flat planar fluorescent lamp having barrier structures overlaying the electrodes is described. The barrier structures include barrier walls and platforms between the electrodes and the lamp cover with passageways between the platforms and the lamp cover. The barrier structures cause the electric discharge between the lamp electrodes to pass between the platforms and the lamp cover. The interior of the lamp and the top of the platform are coated with a fluorescent material such that the lamp produces light throughout its interior, including the region directly above the electrode, thereby providing a source of light in an area which would otherwise be a dark region surrounding the electrode. In one embodiment, a cold electrode, a hot electrode, an ion barrier, and a tubulation are formed in a glass seal as a single unit, placing the terminals of the electrodes and the tipped-off tubulation in a small region of the lamp to permit easier access and alignment.

Abstract: A low-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a deuterium lamp, including a cylindrically symmetric partition unit which forms two hollow spaces at each of the sides of the discharge lamp. Both hollow spaces are connected through an opening in the partition unit, which confines the plasma generated by a high-frequency electromagnetic field to pass through the opening to increase the intensity of the emitted radiation. Both sides of the cylindrically symmetric partition unit are provided with a hermetic seal, at least one of which sides is a radiation emission window. The generation of the electromagnetic field takes place capacitatively through electrodes located on the sides of the discharge lamp. At least one of the electrodes is disposed on the radiation emission exit window and has an opening for the radiation to exit.

Abstract: A low-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a deuterium lamp, includes a lamp envelope in which a plasma for generating UV radiation is formed by the capacitative generation of a high-frequency electromagnetic field. At least two partitions having openings are provided, wherein the openings are disposed on a common optical axis. The openings serve to constrict the plasma contained within the discharge vessel, which provides a high radial intensity of the plasma with high radiation stability for directing radiation along the optical axis. The radiation exits through a radiation emission window which is pervious to UV rays or through two exit windows placed opposite each other along the optical axis. The discharge lamp is particularly suitable for analytic measuring tasks, for example, as a light source in spectrophotometers.

Abstract: In a gas-filled overvoltage diverter, the electrodes are coated with an activation compound and are located on an insulator. At least one axial ignition strip is disposed on the inner surface of the insulator. The inner surface of the insulator also has an ionization source in the form of a coating of an electroluminescent material. The coating is connected to both electrodes and may take the form of a strip. Alternatively, the coating may cover the entire inner surface of the insulator. The alkali halide and/or alkaline-earth halide coating material may also contain dielectric or ferro-electric crystals.

Abstract: A flat planar fluorescent lamp having barrier structures overlaying the electrodes is described. The barrier structures include barrier walls and platforms between the electrodes and the lamp cover with passageways between the platforms and the lamp cover. The barrier structures cause the electric discharge between the lamp electrodes to pass between the platforms and the lamp cover. The interior of the lamp and the top of the platform are coated with a fluorescent material such that the lamp produces light throughout its interior, including the region directly above the electrode, thereby providing a source of light in an area which would otherwise be a dark region surrounding the electrode. In one embodiment, a cold electrode, a hot electrode, an ion barrier, and a tubulation are formed in a glass seal as a single unit, placing the terminals of the electrodes and the tipped-off tubulation in a small region of the lamp to permit easier access and alignment.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp is disclosed. The high pressure discharge lamp includes: a discharge tube which is filled with gas; a first electrode having a first end, the first electrode being provided in the discharge tube; and a second electrode having a second end which is positioned away from the first end by a certain distance, the second electrode being provided in the discharge tube. In the high pressure discharge lamp, arc discharge is induced by a voltage applied between the first end of the first electrode and the second end of the second electrode. The high pressure discharge lamp further includes a convection regulating member which is electrically insulating and provided in the discharge tube. The convection regulating member suppresses the deformation of the arc discharge caused by the convection of the gas in the discharge tube.

Abstract: A heated hydrogen storage device for a plasma switch includes a ring-shaped holder element having an inwardly directed, ring-shaped shoulder that forms an opening. The device also includes a first and a second metal disk, with the first metal disk having a cut-out portion. A heating element is arranged between the first and second metal disks and is insulated therefrom. The heating element forms a turned heating track and has one end contacting the second metal disk and a second end extending outside through the cut-out portion of the first metal disk. The first metal disk and the heating element are stacked one above the another and rests on the ring-shaped shoulder of the ring-shaped holder element. The second metal disk is connected to the holder element and it covers the opening of the holder element. The second metal disk also fixes the first metal disk and the heating element in position.

Abstract: A compact low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp which utilizes an amalgam for reducing the vapor pressure of mercury by absorption. The lamp has a tubulation positioned at a location spaced from the lamp electrodes which is in communication with an arc sustaining gas and includes a container for retention of liquified amalgam within the tubulation. The mercury vapor from the electrical charge sustaining gas is in communication with the amalgam for absorption.

Abstract: A source of red light includes a double-bore capillary tube having a pair of ends and a convoluted shape. A pair of electrodes is located at one end of the capillary tube and disposed within respective bores. An ionizable medium is enclosed within the capillary tube and includes neon at a pressure from about 300 to 600 torr. When energized, the ionizable medium generates an arc discharge between the electrodes consisting primarily of radiation in the range of from 590 to 670 nanometers. An outer jacket of vitreous material may surround the capillary tube and contain an inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) at a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A miniature, low-wattage fluorescent lamp includes a double-bore inner capillary tube having a pair of ends and a convoluted shape. The inner capillary tube is comprised of a vitreous material (e.g., quartz) which is capable of transmitting ultraviolet radiation. A pair of electrodes (e.g., mercury pool) is located at one end of the inner capillary tube and disposed within respective bores. An ionizable medium is enclosed within the inner capillary tube and includes an inert starting gas and a quantity of mercury. When energized, the ionizable medium generates an arc discharge between the electrodes consisting of ultraviolet radiation. A phosphor coating responsive to the ultraviolet radiation is disposed on an outer surface of the inner capillary tube and remote from the arc discharge. An outer jacket of vitreous material surrounds the inner capillary tube and contains an inert gas at a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A gas discharge switch that has at least two coaxial electrodes which are provided with coaxial holes and form in a central discharge region, a gas discharge path, and an insulating region at their edges. The spacing D in an axial direction of the electrodes is larger than the spacing d.sub.1 of the electrodes at the inner edge of a washer-like insulator in the insulating region. The electrodes are respectively connected to one of the flat sides of the insulator, and the spacing d.sub.1 is at least as large as the spacing d.sub.2 of the electrodes in a shielding region that is formed between the insulating region and the discharge region. A shield that shields the insulator from the discharge region is provided.

Abstract: A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is composed of a glass tube which has a discharge passage having two end portions arranged in the same direction, a folded portion in the direction opposite the portions, a pair of electrodes provided between the portions and amalgam provided in an end portion and for controlling the mercury vapor pressure. The tube has a configuration such that a low temperature region is formed in an inner face of the tube adjacent to the folded portion when the lamp is turned on in the state where the folded portion is oriented in a direction where it is affected by gravity, whereas, the low temperature region is formed in an inner face of the tube other than the folded portion when the lamp is turned on in the state that the folded portion is oriented in a direction where it is not affected by gravity, at a room temperature.

Abstract: A color discharge display panel is disclosed in which cathodes and anodes are arranged on the upper face of a rear plate, stripe shaped insulating layers forming a matrix form together with the anodes are disposed at the bottoms of the cathodes, and separating ribs and barriers having a lower height are respectively disposed at the opposite edges of the insulation layers. Due to the barriers disposed between the cathodes and anodes, the discharge channels are formed in a round-about form, and consequently, the length of the discharge channel per volume of the discharge space is maximized, with the result that the thickness of the panel becomes thinner compared with that of the conventional panes, and that the realization of a high luminance picture is made possible due to the high discharge efficiency.

Abstract: A gas discharge device having the characteristic of low discharge voltage, the construction being such that the cathode is surrounding the discharge space of the anode. A barrier and the cathode are each alternately formed with different height portions; also, said cathode forms a half-circle groove surrounding the discharge space of said anode; said barrier forms a similar groove sidewardly adjoining the cathode groove; and wholly, said discharge space is oriented transversely relative to the anode.

Abstract: A glow discharge lamp that includes a light transmitting envelope containing a noble gas fill material and a pair of electrodes disposed in the envelope. Lead-in wires coupled to the electrodes and extend to and are hermetically sealed in the envelope The electrodes are disposed in oppositely spaced positions in the envelope preferably upper and lower positions with the electrodes positioned outside of the bulbous region of the envelope to thereby retard the formation of deposits at the main bulbous region of the envelope.