Abstract: There are provided an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a vitreous silica crucible which can prevent the deterioration of the inner surface property in the manufacturing process of a vitreous silica crucible. The apparatus includes a mold defining an outer shape of a vitreous silica crucible, and an arc discharge unit having electrodes and a power-supply unit, wherein each of the electrodes includes a tip end directed to the mold, the other end opposite to the tip end, and a bent portion provided between the tip end and the other end.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for use in an iontophoresis device for the transcutaneous administration of an active therapeutic species has a base layer of including a linking conductive base material which is consumed (oxidizes or reduces) preferentially to water, a first upper layer of sacrificial material coated on a first portion of the base layer wherein the sacrificial material is consumed preferentially to the linking conductive base material of the base layer. A second upper layer of non-conducting material is coated on a second portion of the base layer, the second upper layer being spaced from the first upper layer, connected by a narrow exposed linking area of the base layer material remaining exposed therebetween.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for use in an iontophoresis device for the transcutaneous administration of an active therapeutic species has a base layer of including a linking conductive base material which is consumed (oxidizes or reduces) preferentially to water, a first upper layer of sacrificial material coated on a first portion of the base layer wherein the sacrificial material is consumed preferentially to the linking conductive base material of the base layer. A second upper layer of non-conducting material is coated on a second portion of the base layer, the second upper layer being spaced from the first upper layer, connected by a narrow exposed linking area of the base layer material remaining exposed therebetween.

Abstract: Threaded nipple for joining two electrode sections is provided with an integral ridge intermediate its threads for centering the electrodes in coaxial alignment.

Abstract: Graphite and/or carbon surfaces are coated with a titanium nitride coating by exposing the substrate to electric arc thermal spray process wherein titanium wire as the source of titanium and nitrogen is used as the propelling (atomizing) gas.

Abstract: A carbon electrode for an arc lamp comprising a plurality of carbon rods joined together in desired length by use of an adhesive comprising metal or carbon powder or mixture thereof and method for preparation of said electrode.

Abstract: Upper and lower carbon electrodes for an ultraviolet arc lamp used for light-fastness testing. The upper electrode is in the shape of an elongated cylinder, the cross-section of which has an exterior annular portion consisting of a carbonaceous material and an interior core portion consisting of a mixture of a carbonaceous material and potassium sulfate. The upper electrode has dispersed therethrough potassium chloride as a stabilizing agent. The lower electrode is in the shape of an elongated cylindrical tube having a hollow interior and is of a carbonaceous material having a high electrical conductivity and has dispersed therethrough potassium chloride as a stabilizing agent. When the upper and lower electrodes are placed with their ends opposed to each other and an alternating current at 135V and 16A is discharged thereacross, a stable light is continuously produced.

Abstract: A carbon electrode for a carbon arc lamp for emitting light similar to sunshine for use as a light source in light-fastness and weathering tests. The carbon electrode is composed of carbon which is homogeneously mixed with an amount of an incandescent material in a proportion of 6 to 12 weight percent of the total weight of the carbon and incandescent material together, and then molded into the shape of the electrode. The surface of the carbon electrode, exclusive of the top thereof, is provided with a copper or other metal coating.

Abstract: A carbon electrode for use in an arc lamp used for determining light fastness which has a central core of light emitting material combined with stabilizers and graphite surrounded by a first coating of low resistance electrically conductive material, preferably copper or aluminum. The thus-coated core is further coated with a second coating of graphite and adhesive and inserted into a cylindrical carbon tube. The tube, except for the top and bottom portions is coated around the outside with a third protective coating, and the base and bottom portions of the tube are coated with a metallic coating electrically connected to the first coating of low resistance material spaced from the third coating. The third and fourth coatings may be joined together, provided that the resistance of these two coatings is greater than the resistance of the first coating.

Abstract: A process to form a positive electrode of an arc by joining two principal carbon-base electrodes and the product resulting therefrom. The two principal electrodes are axially perforated at one of their ends to tightly receive a small secondary electrode which fills the perforations. The small secondary electrode is a mixture of carbon and graphite covered with a copper layer. The material of the three electrodes is compatible so as to operate at an optimum temperature, amperage and color which are essentially the same for use in a cinematographic projector.

Abstract: A carbon electrode includes an elongate body having first and second sections. One section has a diameter substantially greater than the other section, and the two sections are joined by a radially extending annular shoulder.