Abstract: A system includes a switching transistor that provides a current source to a load when activated by an input voltage and at least one Zener diode connected in parallel with the load that acts as a shunt regulator. The system may be especially suited for matching the controlled luminance of light emitting diodes to the controlled luminance of incandescent lighting. The system may also be useful for displays where a single master voltage regulator switch or controller controls the different types of lighting. The system may be packaged in a chip scale package for compactness, reduced weight, cost effectiveness, and higher efficiency and reliability.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement has a drive circuit for a lamp having a first connection for a first filament of the lamp and a second connection for a second filament of the lamp, a protective circuit, coupled on the output side to the drive circuit and on the input side to the first connection for the first filament and the second connection for the second filament such that a first signal correlated with an operational parameter of the first filament, and a second signal, correlated with an operational parameter of the second filament, can be transmitted to the protective circuit. The arrangement also includes a modification apparatus connected between the protective circuit and the first connection and/or the second connection, the apparatus designed to modify the first signal and/or the second signal and to make them available to the protective circuit as a modified first signal and/or a modified second signal.

Abstract: Backlight assembly and the display device using the same are disclosed. Backlight assembly comprises a container and a detector. The container holds a light and electromagnetic field generating source and a sampling portion for passing the light and/or electromagnetic field. The detector is located on the outer space of the container and has an electromagnetic field reactive sensing unit and a body to support the sensing unit. Therefore, the backlight of the present invention can protect lamp from the successive malfunctioning and prevent fire.

Abstract: Circuit with a switch-off device for the operation of light sources The invention relates to a circuit with a switch-off device for the operation of light sources (Lp), have the following features: a self-commutated half-bridge inverter having a series circuit of an upper electronic switch and a lower electronic switch (T1, T2), which are joined at a half-bridge midpoint (M) and are connected between a supply voltage (+) and a ground potential, a start capacitor (C3) which is joined via a trigger element (DIAC) to a control electrode of the lower electronic switch (T2), and a switch-off device having an input (E) and an output, which are configured and connected so that they discharge the start capacitor (C3) if a switch-off signal is applied to the input (E). The switch-off device contains a time delay.

Abstract: The invention provides an ignition control device and a killing control device correspond. An ignition control device comprises an ignition circuit module and a killing control device corresponds. The ignition circuit module comprises a killing control device including a killing switch and a timing retard circuit module connected to the ignition circuit module. When the killing control operates, the ignition circuit stops igniting. The invention has following advantages: reasonable structure, low cost, stable control circuit and safe operation and so on.

Abstract: Described herein is technology for, among other things, a circuit for controlling a current through an LED. The novel circuit includes a regulator for providing the current to the LED, an LED voltage monitoring circuit for monitoring a voltage drop across the LED and for providing a voltage reading signal based on the voltage drop. The novel circuit further includes a data converter logic circuit coupled with the regulator and the LED voltage monitoring circuit. The data converter logic circuit is operable to control the regulator to adjust the current based on the signal.

Abstract: A light source controlling circuit controls a light source outputting continuous light. The light source controlling circuit has a power supply circuit supplying an electric power to the light source, a light source monitoring circuit monitoring a state of the light source, and a control circuit outputting a first control signal to control the light source is controlled. The light source monitoring circuit outputs a second control signal to control the light source in correspondence to a state of the light source. A portable electronic apparatus has a light source outputting continuous light, an image pickup device, and the light source controlling circuit. The light source controlling circuit, for example, controls ON/OFF of the light source in accordance with a temperature of the light source detected by the light source monitoring circuit.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a beam control circuit and method used to minimize particle contamination in an ion implantation system by reducing the duty factor of the ion beam. In one embodiment the beam control circuit comprises a,high voltage switch connected in series with a power supply and an ion source portion of the ion implantation system, wherein the switch is operable to interrupt or reestablish a connection between the power supply and an electrode of the ion source including electrodes for plasma production. The beam control circuit also comprises a switch controller operable to control the duty factor of the ion beam by controlling the switch to close before a start of ion implantation and to open after a completion of implantation or at other times when the beam is not needed, thereby minimizing beam duty and particle contamination. The beam control technique may be applied to wafer doping implantation and duty factor reduction.

Abstract: A discharge lamp lighting apparatus includes a transformer defining primary and secondary sides; a transformer driving circuit to drive the primary side of the transformer thereby lighting a discharge lamp connected at the secondary side of the transformer; a control circuit to control the transformer driving circuit; a high voltage capacitor formed of a pattern capacitor and disposed between one terminal of the secondary side of the transformer and the discharge lamp; and a discharge detecting pattern disposed close to the high voltage capacitor. In the discharge lamp lighting apparatus, a voltage induced in the discharge detecting pattern is duly detected, and power supply to the secondary side of the transformer is stopped.

Abstract: A network operation center for a light management system having networked intelligent luminaire managers. A plurality of networked luminaire managers, each collocated with a respective luminaire, monitor the status of their respective luminaires. The luminaire managers include transmitters for transmitting status information about their respective luminaires and third-party devices to a network server. The network server forwards the received status information from the networked luminaire managers to a computer of an owner/operator of the plurality of luminaires and/or a third-party user. The luminaire managers communicate with each other, whereby they form a network.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving an LED is provided. The driving apparatus may have an LED unit including at least one LED, and a current controlling unit for controlling the magnitude of current flowing through the LED unit in response to a control signal. The LED driving apparatus may include a voltage detecting unit for detecting a voltage across the LED unit and a control signal blocking unit for comparing the voltage detected by the voltage detecting unit with a reference voltage. The control signal blocking part prevents the control signal from being applied to the current controlling unit when the detected voltage is lower than the reference voltage. With this configuration, the LED driving apparatus is capable of preventing a circuit from being damaged by overcurrent by cutting off a control signal when a determined number or more of LEDs are short-circuited or otherwise not operational.

Abstract: An electronic ballast circuit for a lamp is described, wherein the ballast comprises a power factor correction circuit coupled to an inverter circuit. The inverter circuit is further coupled to a trigger circuit, which is in turn operatively connected to a hot or neutral line of a power supply by a control line. Upon closing a switch in the control line, the trigger circuit operates to place a capacitor in parallel with a base drive winding of a transistor in the inverter circuit, causing the inverter circuit to shut down. When the switch is opened, the trigger circuit shuts off and the inverter starts up and returns to an oscillating state.

Abstract: An apparatus for illuminating footwear includes a circuit combining a switch having a resilient spring and a light sensitive switch.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention pertains to an electroluminescent lighting device for area illumination. The lighting device is fault tolerant due, in part, to the patterning of one or both of the electrodes into strips, and each of one or more of these strips has a fuse formed on it. The fuses are integrated on the substrate. By using the integrated fuses, the number of external contacts that are used is minimized. The fuse material is deposited using one of the deposition techniques that is used to deposit the thin layers of the electroluminescent lighting device.

Abstract: FA ballast (20) for powering a gas discharge lamp (70) comprises an inverter (200) and an arc protection circuit (600). Arc protection circuit (600) monitors an electrical signal within the ballast. In response to occurrence of a disturbance in the signal, such as what occurs during output arcing, arc protection circuit (600) disables the inverter (200) for a timed shutdown period. Arc protection circuit (600) provides a timed starting period for igniting the lamp, during which time any disturbance in the electrical signal is essentially ignored and inverter (200) is allowed to continue to operate. Arc protection circuit (600) also provides a restart function for periodically attempting to ignite and operate the lamp. Arc protection circuit (600) is preferably realized using a timer integrated circuit (U1) with associated discrete circuitry, and may be adapted for use with ballasts having self-oscillating or driven type inverters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control circuit of an electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp, wherein the control circuit comprises a protection circuit and an automatic re-lamp circuit. The protection circuit detects an abnormal voltage condition resulted from a defective lamp tube, stops an oscillation circuit of the electronic ballast from generating high voltage output, and thereby protects a worker from an electric shock when the worker attempts to replace the defective lamp tube. The automatic re-lamp circuit turns on a newly installed lamp tube without switching off and on a power supply to the fluorescent lamp first.

Abstract: An electric power supply control apparatus, which starts an interruption process upon detecting a voltage lower than a predetermined voltage, then detecting the electric power supply voltage again and, in case the predetermined voltage is recovered, does not execute a self resetting, thereby continuing a device control without executing a resetting operation in a situation where the electric power supply voltage is actually not lowered thereby not causing an erroneous operation of control means.

Abstract: This back-lighted control and protection device for multi-lamp liquid crystal display consists of a LCD back-lighted driver circuit, a lamp driven by the driver circuit that generates high-voltage power supply and lights up the LCD backplate, a sensor unit that is used to detect the light source of the lamp and a protection circuit that is connected to the output of the sensor unit and accepts the sensor signals given by the sensor unit to stop the driver circuit from output of high-voltage power supply.

Abstract: A projector judges whether a power-factor improving circuit disposed between a rectifying circuit and a DC—DC converting circuit is operated or not, from a voltage appearing in an auxiliary winding wound in the primary side of a transformer to which an output of the power-factor improving circuit is applied. If it is judged that the power-factor improving circuit is not operated, a lamp power supplying circuit to which the output of the power-factor improving circuit is supplied, and which turns on a light source lamp is stopped. Therefore, the light source lamp can be prevented from being unnecessarily impaired, and the power consumption of the main unit can be suppressed, so that the running cost can be reduced.

Abstract: An electric power supply system is provided to recognize a type or a desired operating condition of a connected LED lighting unit automatically and to supply electric power corresponding to the type or the operating condition.

Abstract: A ballast (10) for powering a gas discharge lamp load (30) comprises an inverter (100), an output circuit (200), and a fault detection circuit (300). During operation, fault detection circuit (300) monitors a first signal and a second signal within output circuit (300) and sets a fault threshold in dependence on the second signal. The second signal is indicative of the type of lamps in the load (30). In response to the first signal exceeding the fault threshold, fault detection circuit (300) issues a shutdown command directing the inverter (100) to cease operation.

Abstract: A light source having a light generator, a sensor for sensing operational parameters of the light generator, and a light source data storage device integrated with the light generator and operatively coupled to the sensor, for storing operating data correlated to the operational parameters of the light emitter. The light source also typically has a light source housing, to which are mounted the light generator, the sensor and the light source data storage device.

Abstract: A diagnostic and configuration identification system for an electrical device and a Photo-controller which automatically turns the electrical device on and off in response to ambient light levels. A detector senses the load drawn by the electrical device when it is on. A processor is responsive to the load drawn by the electrical device when it is on and programmed to detect a cycling fault condition based on the load drawn by the electrical device and to provide an indication of a cycling fault condition according several possible programming configurations. When no cycling or other fault condition is detected the processor determines the cycling fault condition indication configuration and then outputs a cycling signal indicative of the program configuration.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp end-of-life protection circuit in an illuminating electric appliance, includes a rectifying effect protection circuit for a lamp tube and an overvoltage protection circuit for the lamp tube, in which a circuitry of two series resistors and a capacitor in series is connected in parallel with the lamp tube. A cathode of a transient voltage suppresser is connected to one end of the lamp tube, its anode is connected to an anode of a diode, and a cathode of the diode is connected to a common node of two series resistors. One end of a trigger diode is connected to a common node of the capacitor and the resistor, and the other end thereof is connected to a gate terminal G of a triac, a first electrode and a second electrode of of which are connected to two ends of the lamp tube respectively.

Abstract: A ballast for a low pressure gas discharge lamp, preferably of the heated-filament type, includes an on-off indicator for a lamp. The ballast includes a load circuit with a lamp, and a driver for supplying AC load current to the lamp. Such driver includes circuitry for shutting off the load current in the presence of a lamp fault condition. The ballast also includes a pair of nodes having voltage across them when the lamp operates normally, and having substantially no voltage across them when the lamp is off. An on-off lamp indicator circuit includes a light-emitting device and is coupled to the pair of nodes for causing the light-emitting device to emit light when the driver supplies load current to the lamp and for causing the light-emitting device to cease to emit light when the driver no longer supplies load current to the lamp.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cycling power to a HID ballast and amp in order to reduce the possibility of arc tube rupture or non-passive end of life light source failure with a warning indicator indicating impending momentary power outage. The apparatus comprises a lamp, a ballast, and a microcontroller operable to generate a warning indicator after expiration of a pre-selected period of time. The warning indicator indicates termination of power to the lamp for a predetermined period of time, by alternatively dimming and increasing the light output of the lamp. After expiration of the pre-determined period of time, the microcontroller restores the power to the ballast. The above described process is repeated periodically in order to reduce the risk of arc tube rupture.

Abstract: The piezoelectric transformer of the present invention has a piezoelectric element 109 mainly formed of a piezoelectric material, primary electrodes 101U and 101D which are formed on the piezoelectric element 109 and to which a voltage is applied, a secondary electrode 102 which is formed on the piezoelectric element 109 and from which a voltage higher than the voltage applied to the primary electrode is output, and a sensor electrode 103 which is formed on the piezoelectric element 109 and from which a voltage lower than the output voltage of the secondary electrode is output.

Abstract: A lighting control module for controlling power to a lamp is presented. The lighting control module comprises a receiver for receiving electronic communications from a central controller, a current sensor, a current controller for controlling current in a power circuit passing through the module, the current controller operating to open and close the power circuit, a control unit connected to the current controller and the receiver, the control unit operating to cause the current controller to open and close the power circuit in response to the communications, and an indicator connected to the control unit. The control unit causes the indicator to illuminate when the current sensor indicates that current fails to flow in the power circuit when the current controller is operated to close the power circuit.

Abstract: A plurality of spaced ceiling mounted fixtures or other controllable electrical appliances have radiation detectors mounted within each fixture and wired internally of the fixture to a dimming circuit or to a ballast. The radiation detectors have sensitivity over a wide angle and have elongated plastic radiation conduction rods which extend to or beyond the plane of the lens of the fixture to be located free of shadow effects of reflections of the fixture lens. A flexible end light fiber optics can be used in place of the acrylic rods. A narrow beam radiation transmitter selectively illuminates one of the rods or end light fiber optics without illuminating the others. The dimming circuits or ballasts within the fixtures can be further controlled by external dimmers, occupancy sensors, timeclocks, photosensors and other types of input devices. The radiation detector and ballast can occupy a common housing and share the same power supply and circuit board.

Abstract: An LCD backlight inverter has a buck switch for determining power supply to a DC/AC converter for converting voltage, the buck switch being connected between a supply voltage input terminal and the DC/AC converter. An overvoltage protection circuit is connected to an input terminal of said DC/AC converter for dividing voltage while providing a current path at the time of the initial drive. A first comparing block compares the dimension of a feedback signal with the dimension of a first reference voltage, the feedback signal representing the voltage according to an on/off status of the backlight. A second comparing block compares the dimension of the voltage divided in the overvoltage protection circuit with the dimension of a second reference voltage. A switching controlling block receives comparison signals from the first and second comparing blocks for controlling an on/off status of the buck switch according to the comparison signals.

Abstract: A multiparameter light is a type of theater light that includes an arc lamp and a shutter in combination with one or more optical components for creating various lighting effects, suitable electrical and mechanical actuating components, and suitable power supplies. The arc lamp power supply has a variable power output for generating flashes from the arc lamp and for maintaining the arc lamp in an operation condition during dark intervals between the flashes. Flashes may be generated in a series to realize a stroboscopic effect or a lightning effect. The shutter may be used collaboratively with the flashing of the arc lamp to optimize flash characteristics and increase effect options beyond those obtainable from flash or shutter individually. The generation of flashes and operation of the shutter are controlled by a control system in the multiparameter light.

Abstract: In a lighting circuit, a lighting control circuit of a discharge lamp and a starting circuit for supplying a starting pulse to the discharge lamp are provided and also, electric power and the starting pulse are supplied through a socket connected to the discharge lamp. The starting circuit provided within the socket has a transformer, a capacitor connected to a primary winding of the transformer and a self-breakdown type switch element. It is constructed so that a feeding path to the capacitor is formed to charge the capacitor only when the discharge lamp is connected to the socket and a connection between a first terminal and a third terminal is made.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp including a power supply connectable to a load, and an overvoltage-protection-and-ground-fault-interrupt (OVP/GFI) circuit interconnected with the power supply. The OVP/GFI circuit includes an overvoltage-protection (OVP) sub-circuit that deactivates the power supply when an overvoltage condition is detected, and a ground-fault-interrupt (GFI) sub-circuit that deactivates the power supply when a ground-fault condition is detected.

Abstract: A threshold detector for detecting lamp voltage includes an opto-coupler. The opto-coupler includes a radiation-emitting semiconductor element coupled to a source of a sensed voltage and an optically-coupled radiation-receiving semiconductor element with an impedance which varies with received radiation. A switching element coupled to the radiation-receiving semiconductor element produces a first or second signal, depending on the sensed voltage.

Abstract: In a discharge lamp lighting circuit 1, a control circuit 7 detects a failure in a discharge lamp 8 or the lighting circuit to stop supplying the power to the discharge lamp 8 or stop the operation of the lighting circuit, or lights another light source as a substitute light source for the discharge lamp and notifies the occurrence of a failure when the discharge lamp 8 can no longer be lit. A delay time generator circuit 31 is provided for a failure detection/determination circuit 22 such that the foregoing functions are prohibited until a predefined time period is elapsed after the time switch means SW1, SW2 are substantially simultaneously switched on to cause the lighting circuit to start operating.

Abstract: A safety interlock apparatus for an electrical device includes a DC power supply, a ballast power supply including a ballast control circuit that controls a ballast power circuit, and a lamp. A relatively low voltage electrical connection is present between the DC power supply and the ballast control circuit. A relatively high voltage electrical connection is present between the lamp and the ballast power circuit. A safety interlock switch is positioned on the relatively low voltage electrical connection, the switch having a closed state wherein the relatively low voltage is supplied to the ballast control circuit and an open disconnected state wherein the relatively low voltage electrical connection is disconnected. A panel is fixable to the electrical device frame, and is selectively movable to expose the lamp for removal.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method for determining when an LED used in traffic signal device will fail. The traffic signal apparatus comprises a housing, a solid state light disposed therein and having an array of LED generating a light output therefrom, and a circuit adapted to predict failure of the solid state light source based on a plurality of parameters at which the LED array operates. The method comprises the acts of sensing the light output generated by the LED array and sensing the ambient temperature thereby. These sensing acts are then followed by a calculating act wherein a time-average temperature value is calculated based on the intensity of both the light output and the ambient temperature. The calculating act is then followed by another calculating act wherein a time-average duty cycle value of the power source powering the LED array is determined.

Abstract: A lamp ballast for energizing a lamp has short circuit protection. The lamp ballast contains a transformer that provides an output voltage to the lamp. The transformer has a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a third sense winding. The third sense winding has an output that provides an indication of transformer output voltage. A reference voltage circuit creates a reference voltage that provides an indication of a non-short circuited lamp ballast condition. A comparator compares the reference voltage and the output of the third sense winding to provide an indication if the third sense winding output is below the reference. This indicates if there is a short in the output of the lamp ballast. The secondary is wound on multiple sections of a bobbin with one section being a low voltage section. The sense winding is wound under the secondary in the bobbin secondary low voltage section.

Abstract: A control circuit for operating a lamp or other electrically operated device using a conventional wall socket outlet that is selectively energized under the control of a conventional wall mounted switch. To permit the lamp to be independently controlled using either the wall switch or the lamp switch, a wall adapter unit is employed that plugs into the wall outlet and into which the lamp's power cord is plugged. Sensing means are employed to detect the operation of either the wall switch or the lamp switch to control an electrically operated switch which turns the lamp ON and OFF whenever either the wall switch or the lamp switch are operated. Different embodiments are provided for use with conventional electrical wiring and with either a conventional lamp or lamp incorporating additional circuitry to adapt it for use with the wall socket adapter.

Abstract: A photocontroller diagnostic system including a photocontroller with a sensor for determining the presence of daylight, and a relay, responsive to the sensor, for de-energizing a lamp during periods of daylight. The diagnostic subsystem is responsive to the photocontroller, and includes a microprocessor programmed to verify the operability of the relay and/or the sensor and programmed to transmit a signal representative of the operability of the relay or the sensor.

Abstract: A starting aid for a luminaires includes a trigger circuit for supplying a trigger voltage pulse to a lamp in response to the presence of a line voltage signal supplied by a photodetector, a feedback circuit for detecting the lamp voltage and means, responsive to the line voltage signal and the feedback circuit, for comparing the voltage on the lamp to a nominal voltage level for disabling the trigger circuit and terminating the trigger voltage pulse in the presence of a lamp cycling or lamp out condition.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus is provided which forms an optical image corresponding to image information by optically processing a light beam emitted from a light source lamp and projects this optical image with a projection lens unit on a projection screen under magnification. The projection display apparatus may include a lighting count detector that detects a lighting count of the light source lamp, and a replacement warning unit that outputs a warning signal, which urges a user to replace the light source lamp, in case where the lighting count detected by the lighting count detector reaches a predetermined value, making it possible to more accurately determine the lifetime of the light source lamp by detecting the lighting count which affects the lifetime of the light source lamp.

Abstract: A flickering number in an electric-discharge lamp 7 is counted in a flickering number counting unit 23a, a flickering number in an electric-discharge lamp 8 is counted in a flickering number counting unit 23b, and the lighting of the electric-discharge lamp 7 or 8 is inhibited by a lamp-lighting inhibiting unit 24a or 24b in cases where the flickering number in the electric-discharge lamp 7 or 8 exceeds a regular number.

Abstract: A discharge lamp unit with noise shields includes a discharge lamp, a discharge lamp control circuit, a filter circuit, the first and the second shield cases, and a power supply. The first shield case shields a discharge lamp control circuit and a filter circuit. The second shield case exclusively shields the filter circuit. Further, a ground wire of the filter circuit and the first shield case are electrically connected. Still further, a ground wire of the control circuit and the second shield case are electrically connected.

Abstract: A fault detection apparatus for a public lighting system has a number of lamps. Each lamp incorporates an operating and control circuit which will emit signals on a fault occurring or conditions arising indicating a potential fault, for example, of a gas discharge tube forming part of the lamp. The apparatus, which can be incorporated in the lamp operating and control circuit or be provided as a separate plug in unit incorporates a host interface. A control unit and an externally visible signalling device such as a flag or flashing beacon will allow the detection of a fault or potential fault for example during normal daylight hours.

Abstract: A gas discharge lamp including a power supply connectable to a load, and an overvoltage-protection-and-ground-fault-interrupt (OVP/GFI) circuit interconnected with the power supply. The OVP/GFI circuit includes an overvoltage-protection (OVP) sub-circuit that deactivates the power supply when an overvoltage condition is detected, and a ground-fault-interrupt (GFI) sub-circuit that deactivates the power supply when a ground-fault condition is detected.

Abstract: A system and method for providing overvoltage protection during a pulse width modulation (PWM) dimming of a liquid crystal display (LCD) backlight inverter are provided. The disclosed system achieves overvoltage protection by providing two low voltages (or current) signals: an output voltage sensing signal and a protection trigger threshold signal. The output voltage sensing signal represents the ballast output voltage. The output voltage sensing and protection trigger threshold voltage signals are inputted into a comparator and overvoltage protection is activated if the output voltage sensing signal is higher than the protection trigger threshold voltage signal during a predetermined time interval.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic ballast for a high intensity discharge lamp which is capable of reducing the number of parts to thereby maintain a high power factor and prevent power loss generated in the circuit thereof.

Abstract: A circuit which detects near or below resonance operation of a fluorescent lamp being driven with a half-bridge circuit and which deactivates the half-bridge circuit before any damage to the circuit can result. In the circuit of the present invention, the voltage across a sense resistor disposed either the lower transistor switch and ground, or between the lower lamp filament and ground, is compared against a predetermined reference voltage to generate an output comparison signal. The output comparison signal is gated to the turn-off edge of the lower MOSFET (in the case of the sense resistor disposed between the lower MOSFET and ground) or to the turn-off edge of the upper MOSFET (in the case of the sense resistor between the lower lamp filament and ground) to generate a signal for shutting down the half-bridge circuit in the event of near or below resonance operation of the lamp resonant circuit.

Abstract: An electronic circuit is shown to initiate and sustain conduction in a gaseous discharge light. A breakover device and snubber network, isolation network, and self-adjusting symmetrical high voltage pulse generator are incorporated into a standard gaseous discharge light assembly typically composed of a power source, gaseous discharge lamp ballast apparatus, and gaseous discharge lamp. The electronic circuit is used (1) for initiating and sustaining conduction of electrical current through gaseous discharge lamps, (2) to provide active suppression of transient voltages both within and external to the gaseous discharge lighting apparatus, and (3) to provide significant attenuation of the propagation of undesirable conducted and radiated radio frequency interference from the gaseous discharge lamp and the overall associated ballast apparatus.