Abstract: An energy efficient light switch providing dual switching capability for banks of overhead lights through the detection of infrared energy activity in a room. The switch has three positions preset by the user, activating a sufficient, but limited amount of light for a room through the automatic control of all, none or a portion of the banks of lights in the room. The switch is operable at 277 volts or 120 volts, has a sweep range of from 0.degree. to 180.degree. and is applicable for most lighting fixtures, fluorescent as well as incandescent and replaces the standard wall mounted wall switchplate. A method of manufacturing the energy efficient infrared light switch is also disclosed.

Abstract: A motion detecting light controller system which includes a light bulb socket adapter having a control circuit for the light which is controlled. The control circuit utilizes a first LED and a second LED, the first and second LEDs electrically isolated from the 120 v AC line which powers the remaining part of the circuit. Combinations of Led's and photo cells activate and deactivate a power switching triac. The control circuit includes a latching function which is obtained and maintained by optical means.

Abstract: An outdoor lighting control includes a photosensor responsive to ambient outdoor light and an alternating current relay with a pair of contacts movable between make and break positions. The relay includes a contact actuating arrangement that responds to the photosensor and alternating current bias the contacts into a make position and move the contacts electromagnetically into a break position. The contact actuating arrangement is sufficiently stiff and responsive to the alternating current to limit chatter in the contact during passage from make to break to fifteen milliseconds when the photosensor senses a transition between dark and daylight. Preferably, the chatter is limited between 1 and 10 milliseconds.

Abstract: A fluorescent lighting arrangement including a lamp controller for controlling the light intensity of fluorescent lamps in response to a motion detecting arrangement which receives its operating voltage from the lamp controller.

Abstract: An improved electronic ballast inverter for a gas discharge lamp includes an oscillator having at least two switching transistors for operating the gas discharge lamp at a high frequency during steady-state operation, a triggering circuit for initiating the operation of the oscillator, and an electrical circuit connected to the oscillator for gradually increasing the base current of at least one of the switching transistors immediately after start-up in order to delay the gas breakdown and thereby to produce preheating of the gas discharge lamp during startup.

Abstract: An apparatus within a vehicle including a plurality of high beams in electrical communication with an automatic circuit to direct voltage to each associated high beam, wherein a photo-transistor is arranged in parallel circuitry to a relay coil and resistor, with the junction transistor arranged to interface between the first and the second parallel circuit, including the photo-transistor and adjustable resistor respectively. A modified detector circuit includes a second resistor in series with the resistor, and a third resistor in parallel relationship to the relay coil to effect a time delay in actuation of the high beam members of the vehicle. A third junction transistor is arranged in a third circuit parallel to the first and second circuit to direct current to the respective high beam for increased sensitivity relative to the incoming light source from a remote vehicle.

Abstract: A control circuit for a dimmer which receives all of its operating power through the control terminals from the dimmer of the fluorescent lamp to which said dimmer is connected.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp control sensor for switching a lamp on or off depending on ambient levels. The device employs a silicon photodetector in combination with a filter chosen to give the detector a response curve that peaks at about 550 nanometers. This gives the control sensor the same proximate spectral response as the human eye. The photo detector transmits an electrical signal in response to the ambient light. The electrical signal is sensed by a lamp switching circuit to switch the vehicle lamp at predetermined light levels. The vehicle lamp control sensor will thus respond to changes in the ambient light levels in a manner which matches the perceived light levels of a human observer.

Abstract: A system including a telescopic switch and method of operation is disclosed for intermittently illuminating a roadside sign in response to a vehicle passing along a selected portion of the road, the system including a lighting element for illuminating the sign and a telescopic switch including a circuit for transmitting the control signal to the lighting element, a photocell for initiating the control signal and a telescopic lens for focusing the photocell on the selected road portion whereby the photocell is capable of sensing lights on a vehicle passing along the selected road portion in order to initiate the control signal and cause the lighting element to illuminate the sign.

Abstract: An illumination control apparatus includes a control slave unit, a master unit, a supervisory slave unit, and a photosensor slave unit. The supervisory slave unit has an operation switch, and outputs a first signal representing an operation change of the operation switch and the supervisory slave unit. The photosensor slave unit outputs a second signal representing a change of a level of an illuminance detected by a photosensor and the photosensor slave unit. The control slave unit controls at least one illumination load. In addition, the master unit controls the control slave unit assigned in a memory in response to the first signal from the supervisory slave unit and the second signal from the photosensor slave unit. When the master unit receives the first signal representing the supervisory slave unit, the illumination load is inverted.

Abstract: A motion detecting light controller system which includes a light bulb socket adapter having a control circuit for the light which is controlled. The control circuit utilizes a first LED and a second LED, the first and second LEDs electrically isolated from the 120 v AC line which powers the remaining part of the circuit. Combinations of Led's and photo cells activate and deactivate a power switching triac. The control circuit includes a latching function which is obtained and maintained by optical means.

Abstract: An optical lighting control, such as that used to control street lamps, delays the response of the lamps to changes of illumination while the lamps are on at night but avoids the delay in response to daylight. Thus, headlamps, flashlights, and lightning flashes of brief duration do not cause the control to turn off the street lamps. However, the street lights turn off without this delay in response to daylight.

Abstract: A lamp assembly includes a sealed lamp envelope enclosing a filament, a lamp base affixed to the lamp envelope and including a connector, and an automatic light control circuit located in the lamp base and electrically connected between the connector and the filament. The light control circuit includes a photosensor for controlling the power delivered to the filament in response to a sensed ambient light level. Preferably, the lamp base includes a cup-shaped portion affixed to the connector, and the light control circuit is mounted in the cup-shaped portion on a circuit board. The photosensor is mounted in a hole in a sidewall of the cup-shaped portion. The lamp assembly can be installed and operated in a conventional lamp socket.

Abstract: An overvoltage shutdown circuit for use with high voltage excitation supplies for gas discharge tubes is described. In one embodiment, a spark gap is placed between the secondary output windings of a resonant conversion output transformer. In a second embodiment, a sense conductor is placed in proximity to the high voltage output windings of the resonant conversion transformer to receive a spark in the event of overvoltage on the output. A sensed spark causes a latching circuit to stop the resonant conversion thereby protecting the power supply from a potentially damaging overvoltage situation.

Abstract: A motion detecting light controller system which includes a light bulb socket adapter having a control circuit for the light which is controlled. The control circuit utilizes a first LED and a second LED, the first and second LEDs electrically isolated from the 120 v AC line which powers the remaining part of the circuit. Combinations of Led's and photo cells activate and deactivate a power switching triac. The control circuit includes a latching function which is obtained and maintained by optical means.

Abstract: A digital infrared detector circuit which converts changes in detector current to time varying pulses and uses feedback to adjust the coincidence of a reference signal with the trigger signal to accommodate to circuit variations caused by changes in infrared detector sensitivity or ambient temperature. To supply a highly accurate feedback reference signal an internal high frequency oscillator is used for feedback control and counted down to furnish the reference signal. The conversion from detector current to time is accomplished by using the detector to discharge an accurately charged capacitor and measuring the time to recharge the capacitor.

Abstract: A lighting peg having a solar cell and a battery installed in a casing including a number of sensors each including a photoelectric conversion element mounted on a side surface of the casing, a differential circuit provided on the subsequent stage of the conversion element, and a comparator which delivers a high level output when the output of the differential circuit exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: A timed actuator moves the switch mechanism of a conventional wall switch. The actuator is detachably secured to the wall switch in abutting relation thereto. The actuator includes a small electric motor, a programmable timer, and several relays. Linkage, driven by the motor, engages the switch mechanism. The programmable timer drives the relays and the latter controls application of current to the motor. At preset times, current is applied to the motor causing the linkage to move the switch mechanism from one extreme of its travel to the other.

Abstract: In a lighting peg with a variable pulsation rate including a square outer casing provided with a solar cell and a battery and adapted to be installed at an intersection of two roads, light emitting diodes and a photoelectric conversion element are provided on each side surface of the square outer casing. An ambient light sensor for detecting ambient light and a pulse signal generating circuit for generating pulse signals are further provided together with vehicle sensors, each including the photoelectric conversion element, a differential circuit and a comparator.

Abstract: A security lighting system for automatically connecting and disconnecting a plug connected to electric power to an electric outlet connectable to an electric appliance includes a photodetector circuit, a microcomputer, and a switching device. The photodetector circuit senses the level of ambient light and generates a light signal. The microcomputer is controlled by a stored program for sampling the light signal from the photodetector circuit only between a first predetermined time of day and a second predetermined time of day. The switching device is responsive to the light signal for selectively connecting the plug to the electric outlet when the ambient light level is below a certain level between the first and second predetermined times of day and disconnecting the plug from the electric outlet when the ambient light level is above the certain level between the first and second predetermined times of day, as well as throughtout the remainder of the day regardless of the ambient light level.

Abstract: A neon sign circuit is disclosed having a neon tube forming the lighted portion of the sign, a source of electrical power, and a high voltage transformer between the electrical power source and the neon tube. The circuit also includes a neon sign circuit malfunction detector circuit. This circuit includes a ground fault detector connected in the circuit between the source of power and the transformer, to ground, and to the neutral load side of the primary windings of the transformer. A pair of adjustable spark gaps are each connected to one of the secondary windings of the transformer between the transformer and the neon tube. A light source is connected between each spark gap and ground and light sensitive resistors are positioned adjacent to each light source.

Abstract: A switch assembly actuated by passive infrared radiation for operating a light in a space, the switch assembly including an optical system which senses infrared radiation over a 180.degree. range in horizontal plane including two separate vertical fields of view, a generally horizontal "look-out" field and a vertical semi cone-shaped "look-down" sensing field for directing to a common sensing element passive infrared radiation produced by a person moving within the sensing field of the switch assembly, the sensing element connected to a control circuit which responsively turns on the light, maintains the light on while the person remains in the space, and turns the light off automatically when the person leaves the space. The switch assembly includes a one-piece optical shell enclosed within a housing which is adapted for installation in a conventional light switch box in room.

Abstract: A starting and operating circuit for a super compact fluorescent lamp includes ballast and discharge circuits for applying current to the filaments of the lamp and then apply starting pulses which enable the lamp to commence operation. The circuits include discharge devices and assure operation and proper starting of the lamp under low temperature as well as moderate temperature conditions.

Abstract: A lighting system, which includes one or more lighting apparatus sets, includes a control circuit. The control circuit has an ambient light sensing component and processing circuitry which produce a control signal whenever the intensity of ambient light reaches a given level and remains at that level or less. A delay (debounce) circuit receives the control signal and provides an output upon the expiration of a predetermined time interval which effects the transfer of power to the lighting apparatus set or sets and starts a timing circuit which is operatively arranged to assure continuing transfer of power to the set or sets for a given time interval, at the expiration of which power is removed from the set or sets. An alarm circuit also controlled by an output from the timing circuit may provide a warning alarm shortly before the expiration of the ON time interval. The control circuit may also turn OFF the power to the set or sets when ambient light of a set intensity becomes present.

Abstract: An illumination control system has a plurality of infrared detection systems located in a plurality of adjacent scanning areas. Each of the detection systems controls the activation of light sources located in two or more scanning areas. Each of the detection systems is equipped with an infrared radiation sensor, an ambient light resistor, a timing circuit, a light source driving circuit, and a blinking condition prevention circuit.

Abstract: An outdoor lighting controller including a light sensing element for automatically activating and de-activating an outdoor light source. A wiper is provided for removing accumulated dust from the light sensing element. The wiper is initiated when the light source is activated.

Abstract: An improved odor control device including a source of deodorizing olfactory stimuli, a squirrel cage fan for circulating air carrying the stimuli, an electronic circuit providing a visual indicia relating to the status of the power source. A secondary circuit controls indicia means for indicating the elapse of a predetermined span of time from initilization of control of one such span of time for the purpose of alerting the user to examine and/or replace the olfactory stimuli.

Abstract: A switch assembly actuated by passive infrared radiation for operating a ceiling light in a room, the switch assembly including first and second optical independent systems which senses infrared radiation over a 360.degree. range in horizontal plane including two separate vertical fields of view, a shallow cone-shaped "look-out" and a more vertical cone-shaped "look-down" sensing field of view for directing to a common sensing element passive infrared radiation produced by a person moving within the sensing field of the switch assembly, the sensing element connected to a control circuit which responsively turns on the light, maintains the light on while the person remains in the room, and turns the light off automatically when the person leaves the room. The switch assembly includes a one-piece optical shell enclosed within a housing which is adapted for installation in a conventional light bulb socket and including a socket for receiving the light bulb to be controlled.

Abstract: A control circuit for a photoflash gun capable of fast recycling times, including a flashtube (FT), a switching circuit (SW, L1) for initiating operation of the flashtube, a switch (CR1) in series with the flashtube and switched on at the same time as the flashtube to permit current flow through it, and an arrangement for resetting the switch (CR1) after a predetermined time to cut off current flow through the flashtube. The arrangement comprises an inductance (L2) and a capacitor (C2) coupled to the anode of the switch (CR1), so that when the flashtube is switched on, current discharges through the capacitor (C2), creating a back EMF in the inductance (L2). A voltage of negative polarity is thus developed across capacitor (C2) to switch off switch (CR1) after a predetermined time, thereby to switch off the flashtube. The switch off time is controlled by a light calculation circuit responsive to ambient light.

Abstract: A time switch for controlling the supply of electricity from an electricity source to an electrical load is provided with an auxiliary actuator means for controlling the supply of electricity to the electrical load independent of the time switch. The time switch includes one or more switch contacts and cam which control the position of the switch contacts in response to a timing mechanism. The auxiliary actuator mechanism includes a solenoid mounted directly to the time switch, with a linkage interposed between the solenoid and one or more cams operable independent of the time switch cams to control the position of the switch contacts independent of the time switch. In one embodiment, a photoelectric control is provided between the solenoid and the electricity source, to regulate the supply of electricity to the solenoid in response to the presence or absence of a predetermined level of ambient light.

Abstract: A self-contained light sensor head (10) has a photodiode (18) operable to produce an electrical response proportional to light intensity, and an amplifier (20) that produces an output signal from the photodiode's response. The head (10) further includes a gain control circuit, for suitably controlling the gain of the output signal, and has noise and oscillation control circuits. The latter circuits permit the sensor to generate a low voltage output signal that is compatible for input directly to an analog computer.

Abstract: A circuit for automatically removing battery power from a night vision goggle (10) upon its detachment from a headgear (12) or when subjected to excessive light. A magnet (34) on the headgear (12) is magnetically coupled to a magnetic reed switch (36) fixed to the goggle (10). On detachment of the goggle (10) from the headgear (12), the reed switch (36) switches battery current to a goggle location monitor (75) for drilling on/off control logic (79) to remove power from an image intensifier tube (40). A high intensity light monitor (80) senses when the ambient light exceeds a predefined intensity, for a predetermined period of time, and also drives the control logic (79) to open a switch (86) in series with the battery (38) and the image intensifier tube (40). A low voltage monitor (82) provides a visual indication (84) of reduced battery voltages.

Abstract: An automatic lighting device having a circuit for operating an electric light, a switch for manually actuating the circuit, a detector circuit for determining whether movement above a prescribed threshold level has occurred within the area covered by the electric light within a first preselected period, a circuit responsive to the detector circuit for disabling the circuit for providing electricity if movement has not occurred in the area during the first preselected period, and a circuit for reactivating the circuit for providing electricity in response to the detection of movement in the area within a second preselected period.

Abstract: The invention is a gas mixture for a diffuse discharge switch which is capable of changing from a conducting state to an insulating state in the presence of electrons upon the introduction of laser light. The mixture is composed of a buffer gas such as nitrogen or argon and an electron attaching gas such as C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SH, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 SCH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CHO and CF.sub.3 CHO wherein the electron attachment is brought on by indirect excitation of molecules to long-lived states by exposure to laser light.

Abstract: A light sensitive switching circuit for automatically controlling the supply of electric power from a power source to a load, such as a lantern, is disclosed. When it becomes darker than a predetermined brightness the power supply starts and when it becomes bright again, the power supply is cut. The light sensitive switching circuit comprises first and second lines for connecting the power source and the load in series between the first and second lines. A first thyristor is connected between the first and second lines, and a second thyristor connected is to the first thyristor such that the anode of the second thyristor is connected to the gate of the first thyristor and the cathode of the second thyristor is connected to the cathode of the first thyristor. A photocell is connected between the gate and the cathode of the second thyristor.

Abstract: A power adapter for timed control of auxiliary electrical loads is provided for connection between a streetlight fixture or the like and a control module of the fixture. The adapter has a weather-resistant housing and an electrical jumper in the housing extending a power source connection to an input of the module, another jumper returning a control output from the module to a main load of the fixture. An auxiliary socket at the side of the housing powers the auxiliary load, which can be a holiday lighting display. In one version, the adapter has a clock timer for controlling the auxiliary load independently of the main load. In another version, a programmable delay timer, synchronized with commencement of main load operation, terminates operation of the auxiliary load following a predetermined interval of main load operation.

Abstract: A light control apparatus for a vehicle is integrated with headlamp driving relays, a light sensor, a lighting switch which selects a manual mode or an automatic mode, and a control unit which controls the relays in accordance with the light sensor output when the lighting switch selects the automatic mode and turns on or off the headlamps. Two power source systems and two headlamp driving systems are provided. The signal level of a given terminal of the control unit is detected and is input to the microcomputer of the control unit. The microcomputer judges whether or not trouble has occurred by detecting a level difference. An alarm indication is given by a lamp or a buzzer if trouble is detected.

Abstract: An automatic vehicle headlamp dimming control is the type having an operator controlled first voltage divider across a power supply, a light sensitive resistance connected in electrical series with an electrically controlled variable resistance in a second voltage divider across the output of the first voltage divider, an energizing circuit adapted to energize the headlamp system from the power supply at high or low intensity in response to the output of the second voltage divider compared to a fixed reference voltage and first electric feedback means from the energizing circuit to the electrically controlled variable resistance for producing hysteresis feedback.

Abstract: A light responsive, battery operated fragrance device is described. The device establishes an air stream over a fragrant material when an artificial light source such as a room lamp is energized. It includes a swivel light gathering body and a photo transistor mounted thereto which can be aimed at the artificial light source and provides directional discrimination and screening of other light sources. The unactuated device provides a limited flow of convection air current which maintains a relatively low level of fragrance dispersion in a room therefor. Upon actuation forced air flowing through the device causes a rapid increase in the level of fragrance dispersion in the room.

Abstract: The control system is for automatic operation of vehicle lights. It has two distinct switching points corresponding to two predetermined ambient light levels. The first switching point is for turning on the vehicle lights such as after dusk. The second switching point is for turning off the vehicle lights such as after sun rise. The system is free of the chattering problem in common automatic light controls and it is not affected by slight variations in the ambient light condition. It is simple in structure and can be quickly and easily installed in a vehicle. The system includes a timer to delay its actuation momentarily when it is first energized so as to allow full current from the battery to be used for starting the engine. It also includes a temperature compensation to allow for ambient temperature variations.

Abstract: A high frequency gas discharge lamp dimming ballast with good line power factor is disclosed. The unit is controlled by a current sensing loop which senses control switch current rather than lamp current and employs simple circuitry with sufficiently rapid control response necessary to maintain high line power factor and stable lamp operating characteristics over a very wide range of light output. An isolated output transformer provides protection against most common miswire conditions and accurately regulates lamp energy over a wide range of input and lamp arc voltage conditions. A pulse width modulated control input provides an isolated control input for easier wiring and reduces the susceptibility of the control to noise interference.

Abstract: A lighting system, which includes one or more lighting apparatus sets, includes a control circuit. The control circuit has an ambient light sensing component and processing circuitry which produce a control signal whenever the intensity of ambient light reaches a given level and remains at that level or less. A delay (debounce) circuit receives the control signal and provides an output which effects the transfer of power to the lighting apparatus set or sets and starts a timing circuit which is operatively arranged to assure continuing transfer of power to the set or sets for a given time interval, at the expiration of which power is removed from the set or sets. An alarm circuit also controlled by an output from the timing circuit may provide a warning alarm shortly before the expiration of the ON time interval. The control circuit may also turn OFF the power to the set or sets when ambient light of a set intensity becomes present.

Abstract: A first phototransistor (20, 20') is mounted on the structure such as a home (12) or a garage (14) to sense the level of ambient illumination. A second phototransistor (22, 22') senses both the level of ambient illumination and illumination from the headlights of an approaching vehicle or the like. The phototransistors are arranged with a pair of resistors (54, 56) in a balanced bridge (50). A central bridge junction (52) assumes a higher potential when both phototransistors are illuminated the same, whether light or dark, and a lower potential when the second phototransistor is illuminated more brightly than the first. In response to the uneven illumination of the phototransistors, a timer (60) produces an output signal for a preselected duration. An optic coupler (90) gates a triac (92) conductive for the preselected duration of the timer.

Abstract: An electronic flash of series controlled type is provided. It comprises a series connection of a flash discharge tube and a main thyristor, which series connection is further connected in series with a thyristor which forms a reverse charging path for a commutating capacitor. The series combination of the flash discharge tube, the main thyristor and the last mentioned thyristor is connected in parallel with a main capacitor. A diode is connected in series with the commutating capacitor so that their series combination is in parallel with the reverse charging thyristor. The reverse charging thyristor is rendered conductive as the main thyristor is rendered conductive so as to establish a reverse charging path for the commutating capacitor therethrough when a commutating operation is to be performed. This prevents a reverse charging current to the commutating capacitor from passing through the flash discharge tube, thus enabling an accurate control over the amount of exposure produced by flashlight.

Abstract: The disclosed flash device is of the kind that incorporates an integrated processing circuit requiring a stable voltage, but one and the same battery supplies both a booster circuit and the processing circuit. The device avoids the drop in voltage to the processing circuit when the booster circuit draws current after a flash by means of a detector circuit that detects the flash or the operation of the booster circuit. A switching circuit responds to the output of the detector circuit and supplies the charge on a back-up capacitor to the integrated processing circuit. Thus, in the event of a flash, the processing circuit which is normally operated by power from the battery is protected from a supply voltage drop by the supply of a voltage from the back-up capacitor.

Abstract: A second photoelectric element or cell (P2) is mounted in series with a first photoelectric element or cell (P1) of the prior art and in parallel with a portion of a voltage divider of which said first element is a part to shunt out a portion of the divider in response to light from a light load turned on by the operation of said first element incident to an increase in impedance thereof due to ambient darkness. Addition of the second photoelectric cell results in hysteresis of the turn-on/turn-off operating points of the first cell to prevent flicker to the light which is present at or near dusk in lights controlled by the prior art circuits. Mechanically, one cell (P1) is mounted on the side of a collar (21) surrounding the neck of a light bulb (13) outside direct light rays from the filament (23) while cell (P2) is mounted on the collar top in the direct path of light rays from the filament.

Abstract: A multiple intensity lamp controller and lighting system utilizing a multiple filament lamp having a primary filament and a secondary filament coupled in series with each other and with a power source and having a variable impedance coupled across the secondary filament. The intensity of the multiple filament lamp is made comparatively bright when the value of the variable impedance is made comparatively low. Conversely, the intensity of the multiple filament lamp is made comparatively dim when the value of the variable impedance is made comparatively high.

Abstract: A sensor timer is provided for automatically turning on and off a lamp or alternatively for allowing the lamp to be manually turned on and off using the switch normally associated with the lamp. The sensor timer automatically senses the arrival of nighttime despite seasonal variations in the actual time of nightfall and automatically turns on the lamp a first selected time period after nightfall. The lamp is then automatically turned off a second selected time period after the lamp has been turned on or alternatively is turned on and off randomly during the second selected time period. The sensor timer can also dim the lamp. The sensor timer converts from automatic mode to manual mode in response to the turning on of the lamp through its manual switch thereby to allow the lamp to be controlled directly by the manually operated lamp switch. To convert the sensor timer from manual mode to automatic mode the lamp switch is turned on, off and on in rapid succession.

Abstract: A lamp control control circuit has triacs for controlling a current from an AC power supply and supplying a controlled current to lamps; a phase angle control unit for generating phase angle control pulses for a soft start; switching controllers for triggering the triacs in response to phase angle control pulses, respectively; and switches for selecting the lamp which is to be energized. The control circuit has additional switches for detecting the lamp selecting operation of the switches. The phase angle control unit is started in response to a signal from those switches.

Abstract: A lighting control circuit responsive to amplitude variations related to the effects of movement on the reflection of electromagnetic energy at an ultrasonic frequency.