Abstract: A driving circuit with an over-voltage protection device for modulating an electrical parameter of a driven device includes at least a boost circuit, a signal processing circuit, an over-voltage protection device, a modulation device and a control circuit. The output terminal of the boost circuit is electrically coupled in series to a driven device, a transistor and a grounded feedback resistor sequentially, wherein the output terminal of the boost circuit is further electrically coupled to a voltage dividing circuit for outputting a voltage dividing signal. The signal processing circuit is provided for outputting a processing signal to the over-voltage protection device and the modulation device according to the voltage dividing signal and a modulation signal. The control circuit is provided for turning on the transistor or not according to an output signal of the over-voltage protection device and an output signal of the modulation device.

Abstract: It is provided an LED lighting device calibratable to 0 to 100% of wide range about a chromaticity and luminance of a illumination light by a simple configuration, and a driving method for the LED lighting device. The LED lighting device is provided with a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit differing a color temperature mutually, and a control circuit for executing a cyclic light/quench control of the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit, and for executing a light control of the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit by a PNM (Pulse Number Modulation) control in a fixed cycle so as to have a lighting period Ton for lighting/quenching the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit complementarily, and a quenching period Toff for quenching both the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit.

Abstract: A device serves to control an electrical load of at least two single loads connected in series. Each of the at least two single loads is connected in parallel to a controllable switch, so that each of the at least two single loads can be switched independently of one another. In addition, a driver stage that drives a current into the electrical load is present. The controllable switches can be controlled by the control unit. A dummy load is connected in series to the at least two single loads.

Abstract: A driving circuit includes a first PWM driving module and a second PWM driving module. The first PWM driving module generates a first square-wave signal to drive a first illumination unit according to a first data signal of a data stream, wherein the first square-wave signal, having a rising edge located at the beginning of the display cycle, represents an illumination period of the first illumination unit in a display cycle. The second PWM driving module generates a second square-wave signal to drive a second illumination unit according to a second data signal of the data stream, wherein the second square-wave signal, having a falling edge located at the end of the display cycle and having a rising edge being behind the rising edge of the first square-wave signal, represents an illumination period of the second illumination unit in the display cycle.

Abstract: A lighting system comprising a light source, a controller operably coupled to the light source, and a timekeeping device operably coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to receive a selected action time associated with an agricultural product. The agricultural product includes an associated circadian rhythm defining an optimal action time range. The controller is configured to determine a lighting schedule responsive to the selected action time, the optimal action time range, and a time of day indicated by the timekeeping device, the lighting schedule being configured to impose a circadian rhythm on the agricultural product to shift the optimal action time range such that the selected action time coincides with the optimal action time range. The controller is configured to operate the light source according to the lighting schedule.

Abstract: A wake-up system includes an illumination apparatus and an interface apparatus. A wake-up time is input to the interface apparatus. The illumination apparatus varies output and color temperature of wake-up light that it irradiates. The output of the irradiated wake-up light is increased from a wake-up operation start time to the wake-up time. Color temperature of the wake-up light is controlled to become higher in one period than in another period between the wake-up operation start time to the wake-up time.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the dimming of a lighting element, or other electrical load, that uses a timer synchronized to the AC waveform is disclosed. The timer is set up to repeatedly count at a rate equal to twice the frequency of the AC waveform. An output from the timer logic is asserted when the timer value exceeds a predetermined value, stored in a compare register. This output is connected to the gate of a triac, which controls the passage of current from the AC power source to the electrical load. A capture register is used to determine the temporal relationship between the restart of the timer and the AC waveform. This system and method reduces the real time requirements of an associated processing unit, and improves consistency, thereby reducing flicker.

Abstract: A projector includes: a discharge lamp; a discharge lamp driving unit that drives the discharge lamp by supplying a driving power to the discharge lamp through supply of a driving current thereto; and a control unit that controls the discharge lamp driving unit based on plural operating modes in which maximum values of the driving power are different from one another, wherein the control unit switches the operating mode through a transition period and controls the discharge lamp driving unit so that an average value of a frequency of the driving current in the former half of the transition period becomes larger than an average value of a frequency of the driving current in the latter half of the transition period.

Abstract: A circuit for powering high-efficiency lighting devices from a thyristor-controlled dimmer operates a switching power circuit during active portions of half-cycles of the AC line voltage source that supplies the dimmer. A control circuit determines the durations of the active portions such that sufficient energy is transferred to operate the lighting devices until a next half-cycle of the AC line voltage, at which time the active portion of the half-cycle is terminated. A high impedance level is presented to the output of the dimmer until the next half-cycle commences.

Abstract: A programmable timer for controlling two outlets that may be switched on and off in response to a programmed schedule where said programmable timer comprises an input device, a microprocessor, two switches and two outlets.

Abstract: In a memory unit 6, there is stored a correction table for each candidate value of an output set value of each of LED units 2. If UV rays have ever been emitted so far by the LED units 2, each of which is formed of a plurality of LED chips 8, then a PLC 5 acquires, upon setting of a output set value by an operation unit 53, a correction value corresponding to a cumulative emission time up to a previous emission, from the correction table of the output set value. Thereafter, the PLC 5 sets the magnitude of the power supplied to each of the LED units 2 using the acquired correction value. If an output set value different from a previous output set value is set, the PLC 5 obtains the correction value starting from the cumulative emission time upon modification. As a result, the UV irradiation apparatus enables power consumption necessary for emission of UV rays to be reduced, and UV ray output to be kept constant regardless of the cumulative emission time, even if the output set value is modified.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photo controller, a photo controller assembly, and a process for controlling non-unity power factor devices. The photo controller includes a housing and a circuit board positioned within the housing. The circuit board includes a photosensor, an electronic controller, and a thyristor secured to the circuit board. The electronic controller is configured to produce a series of trigger pulses for activating the thyristor; wherein the thyristor is configured to control power switching of a non-unity power factor lamp.

Abstract: Systems and methods for preventing or otherwise reducing cyclic light output caused by failure modes are disclosed, which shut off a power supply to a lighting system susceptible to output cycling (also known as flashing, flickering, or strobing) in a non-latching fashion. A power supply and/or driver system includes a processor and memory arrangement configured to track failures and prevent cyclical behavior when detected. The processor can be implemented, for example, with an existing microcontroller already present in the power supply, or as a dedicated processor. Once a failure mode that exhibits cyclic behavior above a certain frequency is detected, the power supply can be turned off or otherwise prevented from attempting to source power to the lighting system.

Abstract: A bedside lamp, features for such a lamp, and associated methodology. The lamp has at least two different sets of lighting elements, each having one or more groupings of LED lamp(s), where the one or more main LED lamp(s) provide the majority of the lighting when the lamp is at full brightness and no lighting during various reduced lighting states, and the one or more “auxiliary” LED lamp(s) provide less than a majority of the lighting when the lamp is at full brightness and all of the lighting during various reduced lighting states. The lamp has the means for the user to set a dimming time for which the lights dim from a set brightness to 0% brightness, and means to gradually dim the main and auxiliary LED lamp(s) according to the above description.

Abstract: A control circuit used to control a DC-DC converter includes a duty cycle control unit to control a duty cycle of the DC-DC converter and a hysteretic control unit to maintain a voltage at an output of the DC-DC converter within a narrow range during certain operational time periods. The hysteretic control unit may maintain the converter output voltage within the range by alternately enabling and disabling the duty cycle control unit based on feedback from the DC-DC converter output. In at least one embodiment, the control circuit is used within LED driver circuitry for driving a plurality of LED channels.

Abstract: In a lighting apparatus containing a high pressure discharge lamp, an alternating current supplied to the discharge lamp at the time of steady lighting of the frequency (basic frequency) selected from a range between 60 and 1000 Hz and a low frequency having a frequency selected from a range between 5 and 200 Hz lower than the basic frequency is generated alternately. The frequency of the low frequency wave is changed in response to the change of the lighting voltage of the discharge lamp. The supply period of the basic frequency is increased and decreased little by little by every predetermined time.

Abstract: A microcontroller-based multifunctional electronic switch using a detection circuit design to convert external motion signals into message carrying sensing signals readable to the microcontroller. Based on the time length of sensing signals and the format of the sensing signals received in a preset instant period of time the microcontroller through the operation of its software program codes written in the OTPROM is able to recognize the working modes chosen by the external signal generating user and thereby selecting the appropriate loops of subroutine for execution. The system and method of the present invention may simultaneously be applicable to detection circuit design using infrared ray sensor, electrostatic induction sensor, conduction based touch sensor or push button sensor for performing multifunction such as controlling the on/off switch performance, the dimming or speed control and the delay timer management within the capacity of a single lighting device or an electrical appliance.

Abstract: A multi-mode control circuit for light-emitting shoe, comprising a control circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a microprocessor-encapsulated circuit board and a motion actuated switch, the motion actuated switch is at least provided with two trigger circuits, the first trigger circuit can trigger the control circuit in response to the motion of a shoe body, so that light-emitting bodies light in a predetermined way, and the second trigger circuit is used for activating a circuit-predetermined control mode, the predetermined control mode is that, a power supply control switch of the circuit is activated, or the light-emitting bodies are activated to light in the Nth predetermined way when the second trigger circuit performs the Nth triggering, wherein N is a natural number larger than or equal to 1, and the value of N, when being equal to the total number of the predetermined ways plus 1, is reset to 1.

Abstract: System and method for dimming control. The system includes a system controller including a first controller terminal and a second controller terminal, a transistor including a first transistor terminal, a second transistor terminal and a third transistor terminal, and a resistor including a first resistor terminal and a second resistor terminal. The system controller is configured to generate a first signal at the first controller terminal based on an input signal and to generate a second signal at the second controller terminal based on the first signal. The first transistor terminal is coupled to the second controller terminal. The first resistor terminal is coupled to the second transistor terminal. The second resistor terminal is coupled to the third transistor terminal. The transistor is configured to receive the second signal at the first transistor terminal and to change between two conditions in response to the second signal.

Abstract: A luminary dimming system having a three terminal dimming unit. The dimming unit includes a power controller and a receiver and is responsive to dimming directives received by the receiver. The power controller controls a buck switch and a freewheel switch in a manner that allows reduction of alternating current voltages. Such voltage reduction is accomplished in a manner that preserves the waveform of the source voltage and the power factor exhibited by the luminary.

Abstract: A method for minimizing the insulation stress of a high-pressure discharge lamp system, with an operating device, which generates a high voltage for starting the high-pressure discharge lamp, wherein a starting voltage time sum applied during lamp starting is minimized, the starting voltage time sum is the sum of all time segments Zi during which the magnitude of the starting voltage exceeds a starting voltage limit, and the starting voltage limit is defined as the factor range of a maximum value, in terms of magnitude, of the applied high voltages.

Abstract: A driving circuit comprising a control unit, a current control unit, a pulse width modulation control unit and a current driving unit is described. The control unit provides a first control signal and a second control signal. The current control unit is connected to the control unit, and converts a reference current into a plurality of current setting signals based on a data signal and the first control signal. The pulse width modulation control unit is connected to the control unit and outputs a pulse signal based on the data signal and the second control signal. The current driving unit is connected to the pulse width modulation control unit and drives the light emitting diode based on a driving current, wherein the control unit generates a continuous conduction time in a predetermined operation period based on the pulse signal and the current setting signals.

Abstract: A first driver switches on and off a driving current ILED according to a first pulse signal which is pulse-width modulated according to an externally supplied target luminance level of a light emitting element. An oscillator generates a cyclic signal SOSC having a predetermined frequency. A pulse modulator generates a second pulse signal which is switched to an on level that corresponds to the on state of a switching transistor in synchronization with the cyclic signal SOSC, and which is switched to an off level that corresponds to the off state according to a feedback voltage. A second driver switches on and off the switching transistor according to the second pulse signal. The oscillator is configured to be reset according to a first edge which is transition of the first pulse signal from a first level that corresponds to the off state to a second level that corresponds to the on state.

Abstract: A power supply or driver circuit configured to provide electrical energy at a drive voltage. The driver circuit converts electrical energy at an input voltage to the electrical energy at the drive voltage. A controller is configured to control the power converter to provide electrical energy at the drive voltage. The controller stops operation at an interruption of electrical energy to the driver circuit. The controller is configured to resume operation subsequent restoration of electrical energy to the driver circuit. The controller is configured to maintain the timing voltage above a first voltage level when the controller is in operation and to determine the duration of an interruption of electrical energy to the driver circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a remotely adjustable lighting system with security features. The lighting system includes a lamp (e.g., luminaire) which carries solid-state light sources and a sensor. The solid-state light sources emit visible light at an adjustable output intensity. The sensor is responsive to line-of-sight wireless signals, and the lamp increases and decreases the output intensity of the light sources in response to output signals of the sensor. The lamp provides security features by selectively accepting and rejecting instructions carried by the line-of-sight wireless signals to vary the output intensity of the light sources.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes an illuminance sensor, a dimming control device and a light source. The lighting apparatus calculates a light output characteristic of the light source based on an illuminance measurement value when the light source is turned off and an illuminance measurement value when the light source is lit with a predetermined output, and calculates an ambient illuminance based on the light output characteristic. The illuminance measurement by the illuminance sensor is performed every predetermined period, and dimming control is performed on the light source based on the calculated ambient illuminance.

Abstract: A light source apparatus for an endoscope, which has a lamp, a power source, a light adjustment control module that controls power to be supplied to the lamp within a range not more than an upper limit power based on a brightness instruction signal, and a continuous lighting sensing module that measures a continuous lighting time period from time when the lamp shifts from being extinguished to being lighted, compares the continuous lighting time period with a predetermined upper limit time period, and initializes the continuous lighting time period while the lamp is extinguished, wherein the upper limit power is set to a first upper limit power when the continuous lighting time period has not reached the upper limit time period, and changed to a second upper limit power lower than the first upper limit power in a stepwise manner when the upper limit time period has not been reached.

Abstract: The present application discloses an open circuit protecting circuit, an open circuit protecting method and an illuminating apparatus. The open circuit protecting circuit is configured in an apparatus with a LED load being supplied with power by a current source, and comprises: a switch circuit, a timer circuit and a detecting circuit. When the LED load malfunctions, the open circuit protecting circuit carries out the following operations: the detecting circuit sends an enabling signal to the timer circuit, the timer circuit sends a driving signal with a set time to the switch circuit and the switch circuit is in the on-state during the set time, so as to make the LED load be short circuited to protect the circuit from being damaged. The open circuit protecting circuit can also resume to normal work automatically after the open circuited malfunction is cleared, and thus a hot-plugging function can be realized.

Abstract: An occupancy detection system includes a motion detector, one or more sound detectors and a lighting controller configured to turn on and off one or more lighting devices in a defined area based on detected occupancy states. Lighting control circuitry determines occupancy states based on motion detector output signals and sound detector output signals, and further controls associated lighting devices to be turned ON or OFF in accordance with determined occupancy states and an automatically adaptable timeout period. The timeout period is automatically adjusted in accordance with newly recorded time stamps for lighting status changes, based on a second order occupancy distribution analysis such as a Gaussian probability distribution function, with an occupancy curve adjusted for each newly recorded set of time stamps and the timeout period being adjusted according to the mean and variance of the occupancy curve.

Abstract: An illumination system detects a peak value of a voltage of a transformer supplying an LED module by analyzing the current value of the voltage and an on-time of the voltage. Based on the detected peak value, a property of the illumination system is adjusted.

Abstract: A wake-up lamp system (100; 1000) comprises: a light source (130) having a nominal light output intensity (Lmax); and a control device (110) for controlling the light source, the control device receiving a clock signal from a clock device (120). The control device, when operating in a wake-up mode, controls the light source such that its light output intensity is gradually increased from a minimum intensity value (Lmin) to a maximum intensity value (Lmu) and such that the colour point of the light output is gradually changed to travel a predefined chromaticity path, with the position of the colour point on said chromaticity path being set as a function of the light output intensity. Said chromaticity path has a starting point having a colour temperature between 400K and 1500K associated with the minimum intensity and an end point having a colour temperature higher than 2700K associated with the nominal intensity.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a LED light illuminating control system and a control method for illuminating LED ceiling lights, the system being applied in an electronic device. A detecting unit determines the entry of a person into the room, a capturing unit positioned on a ceiling of the room for captures image, and all the LED lights are illuminated, then all the LED lights other than those illuminating the location of the person are switched off. When the person moves to another part of the room, the LED light illuminating control system controls all the LED lights to illuminate, and after a set period switches off all the LED lights other than those illuminating the new location of the person, thus saving a lot of power.

Abstract: A user interface for implementing a configurable light timer controlling a light is disclosed. The user interface comprises an input portion for receiving timing characterization data, the input portion adapted to receive a portable memory device storing the timing characterization data; an actuator portion enabling a user to enter a current time on the timer; and a display responsive to the actuator portion to indicate the current time. A method of implementing a configurable light timer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A power supply device according to one embodiment is configured to control a lighting of semiconductor light-emitting elements, wherein a dimming signal is canceled during a predetermined time period (T) from a timing immediately after power-ON, so as to light on light-emitting diodes to have a predetermined light amount, for example, a minimum light amount. After an elapse of the predetermined time period (T), cancellation of the dimming signal is released to light on the light-emitting diodes to have a light amount instructed by the dimming signal.

Abstract: A method for operating a fluorescent lamp (5) having a nominal power (WLa) and stabilized with an EM ballast (B) comprises the steps of during normal operation, short-circuiting the lamp during a closing time interval (CTI) during each current period in order to operate the lamp at a reduced power. The method comprises the step of detecting whether the lamp is stabilized by means of an inductive ballast or by means of a capacitive ballast. If it is found that the ballast is capacitive, the timing of the closing time interval (CTI) is set such that the closing time interval (CTI) has a first closing time segment (CTS1) immediately before a zero-crossing of the current, having a first duration (?1) higher than zero, and a second closing time segment (CTS2) immediately after said zero-crossing of the current, having a second duration (?2) higher than zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a driver (100) for a light emitting device system (112), comprising power supply terminals (108) and a detector circuit (106), the power supply terminals being adapted for supplying electrical power from the driver (100) to the light emitting device system and the detector circuit being adapted for capturing sensed information of the light emitting device system via the supply terminals by sensing an electrical loading of the terminals caused by the light emitting device system and for determining an operating condition of the light emitting device system, using the sensed information, wherein the driver is further adapted to control the supplied power depending on the determined operating condition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power control device, which generates PWM signals corresponding to obtained voltage signals, and which performs PWM control of power to be supplied to a load. The power control device is provided with a sampling section that performs sampling of the voltage signals, and a duty factor updating section, which updates the duty factor of the PWM signals on the basis of the sampling results. The sampling section is prevented from performing sampling during a masking period which is set as the on-period or the off-period of the PWM signals.

Abstract: A power supply device according to one embodiment is configured to control a lighting of semiconductor light-emitting elements, wherein a dimming signal is canceled during a predetermined time period (T) from a timing immediately after power-ON, so as to light on light-emitting diodes to have a predetermined light amount, for example, a minimum light amount. After an elapse of the predetermined time period (T), cancellation of the dimming signal is released to light on the light-emitting diodes to have a light amount instructed by the dimming signal.

Abstract: An energy-efficient, compact and cost-effective solution for driving a number of high-power LED groups for lighting applications includes using a single switching power supply together with LEDs connected in series and/or in parallel and pulse width-controlled switches in parallel across the individually controllable LED groups. If the switch of an LED group is ON, the LED group will not light up. If the switch is in the OFF position, the full current of the power supply will pass through the corresponding LED group.

Abstract: Multiple-contact switches are disclosed. An example multiple-contact switch disclosed herein includes a double throw switch having a common terminal, a first throw terminal, and a second throw terminal, the common terminal being coupled to a reference; a first throw circuit coupled to the first throw terminal, the first throw circuit to output an open signal to a process control device when the common terminal is substantially in contact with one of the first throw terminal or the second throw terminal; and a second throw circuit coupled to the second throw terminal, the second throw circuit to cause the first throw circuit to output a close signal to the process control device when the common terminal is substantially in contact with the other one of the first throw terminal or the second throw contact terminal, wherein at least one of the open signal or the close signal corresponds to the reference.

Abstract: A dimming device includes: a constant current generator for generating a current to a main LED unit; a state generator for generating a state counting output having a counting value that is equal to one of continuous values respectively associated with different light-mixing states of a secondary LED unit; and an RGB modulation circuit operable to generate, based on the state counting output, multiple PWM signals with the same PWM cycle for driving respectively R, G, and B LEDs of the secondary LED unit such that the secondary LED unit is sequentially operated in the light-mixing states. The secondary LED unit emits a mixed light with an individual color in each of the different light-mixing states to compensate lighting of the main LED unit.

Abstract: A system for generating light with reduced physioneural compression. The system includes a first light source operable to emit light within a first wavelength range corresponding to a first photoreceptor and a second light source operable to emit light within a second wavelength range corresponding to a second photoreceptor. The system includes a controller functionally coupled to each of the first light source and the second light source. The controller is configured to alternately operate one of the first light source and the second light source with a duty cycle that is less than a response time of the visual cortex, but greater than a response time of physioneural cells, optionally including a latency between operation of light sources. The system may further include a third light source corresponding to a third photoreceptor.

Abstract: Ink-printed electric circuits including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for validation of items is disclosed. In one embodiment, the flexible circuit includes a pliant substrate, and an ink-printed electric circuit. The ink-printed electric circuit comprises at least one ink-printed LED printed on the pliant substrate. The ink-printed electric circuit is configured to couple to a power source, determine an open circuit condition, and cause the at least one LED to transition from a first state to a second state upon determining the open circuit condition.

Abstract: An LED lighting device includes a converter for converting a power source voltage into a DC voltage and outputting it to an LED unit; and a controller for controlling an output of the converter. The converter has a chopper circuit including a series circuit of an inductance element and a capacitor; a switching element connected to the inductance element in series and turned on/off by the controller; and a diode as discharging path of the inductance element during an OFF state of the switching element. The controller controls an on/off time of the switching element such that a current supplied to the LED unit during a specific time period after a lighting operation is started becomes smaller than a current supplied to the LED unit in a steady state by using a voltage generated in a secondary coil of the inductance coil as an operating voltage thereof.

Abstract: A photo-controlled light includes an electrical power input port configured to receive electrical power, a light emitting unit that is connected to the electrical power input port and a photosensitive timer module that connects the light emitting unit to the electrical power input port. The photosensitive timer module includes a photosensitive switch unit including a photosensitive element, a control switch and a timing switch unit. The timing switch unit is coupled to the photosensitive switch unit and is configured to connect only the electrical power input port to the light emitting unit for a conduction time frame responsive to the photosensitive switch unit detecting that the light level is less than the luminosity threshold value so that the photosensitive timer module transmits electricity during the conduction time frame when the luminosity detected by the photosensitive element is less than the luminosity threshold value.

Abstract: A ballast for energizing a lamp at a lighting level selected from a plurality of lamp lighting levels. The ballast includes a buck converter circuit configured to receive a DC voltage signal having a substantially constant magnitude. The buck converter circuit has a duty cycle for generating a lamp voltage output signal from the DC voltage signal. The lamp voltage output signal has a magnitude that is varied by the duty cycle to energize the lamp at the plurality of lamp lighting levels. A controller is configured to receive a dim input signal indicative of the selected lamp lighting level and to provide a control signal to the buck converter circuit as a function of the dim input signal. The control signal indicates a particular duty cycle corresponding to a lamp voltage output signal having a magnitude for energizing the lamp at the selected lamp lighting level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically controlling illuminance, which transmits a dimming signal based on the zero-crossing of AC power using an illuminance control electronic switch. An apparatus for automatically controlling illuminance of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) lighting according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a dimming control electronic switch for, if manipulation of a switch by a user is sensed during supply of Alternating Current (AC) power to an LED lamp, interrupting supply of the AC power during a preset period of time based on zero-crossing of the AC power, and an LED lamp control device for controlling illuminance of the LED lamp by detecting supply and interruption of the AC power.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a string of Light Emitting Diode (LED) sets coupled in series, each set including at least one LED, a light spreading circuit configured to incrementally turn on respective ones of the LED sets responsive to a power signal, and an energy storage module that is configured to store energy during a first interval of a period of the power signal and to apply the stored energy to the string during a second interval of the period of the power signal.

Abstract: A GPS enabled relay controller that interfaces with an electronic device, such as a street light, barricade light, refrigerator, and other similar applications for turning off power to an electronic device for energy savings. The relay controller invokes quantification of refractive photon diffusion to switch between on and off an electronic device based upon refracted photons diffused at the surface of the earth at a particular location and based upon sampling at the Earth's surface from before civil twilight start until after sunrise and from before sunset until after civil twilight end.

Abstract: A lighting system and method combine at least one LED and at least one gas discharge lamp within a common housing. The lighting system includes a control system to dependently operate each LED and each gas discharge lamp during overlapping, non-identical periods of time. In at least one embodiment, the control system can provide light output by activating LEDs during gas discharge preheating operations and thus extend the useful life of each gas discharge lamp. When dimming the lighting system, the control system can reduce current to the gas discharge lamps and one or more gas discharge lamps can be phased out as dimming levels decrease. As dimming levels decrease, one or more of the LEDs can be activated or groups of LEDs can be phased in to replace the light output of the dimmed gas discharge lamps. Thus, the lighting system can reduce power consumption at low dimming levels.