Abstract: A lighting system including a powering rod and a first lighting unit is provided. The powering rod is used for providing power. The first lighting unit includes a housing, a light source, an inner ring body and an outer ring body. The light source is disposed inside the housing. The inner ring body, disposed in the housing, has a hollowed portion for receiving the powering rod and is electrically connected to the powering rod. The outer ring body, disposed on the inner ring body fixed to the housing. The outer ring body is capable of rotating with respect to the inner ring body for rotating the housing. When the outer ring body is rotated to a first position, the first lighting unit is in a first lighting state. When the outer ring body is rotated to a second position, the first lighting unit is in a second lighting state.

Abstract: A touch switch including: at least two of operation faces provided side by side; a detection electrode provided in each of the operation faces and including a wiring pattern of an electric conductor formed on or immediately below the operation face; and a controller connected to each of the detection electrodes to perform a switching operation by detecting variations of capacitance sensed by each of the detection electrodes, the variation of capacitance being generated when a human body part is in proximity to or in contact with each of the operation faces. At least one of the detection electrodes includes a wiring pattern more sparsely formed in a vicinity area of a boundary with another operation face adjacent thereto compared to a wiring pattern of the detection electrode provided in the adjacent operation face. Therefore, detection errors or accidental operations between adjacent switches can be prevented from happening.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lighting fixture including a light source, a light source controller, and an external controller plug. The light source controller controls power to the light source. The external controller plug allows an external controller to selectively engage a power source to the light source controller.

Abstract: A portable lighting unit is provided which is configured to attach to cables, railing, tubing or any other fixture. In one embodiment, the lighting unit comprises a first housing comprising a first pair of opposing notches, a second housing comprising a second pair of opposing notches, the first and second housings being attachable together with the notches cooperating to receive the fixture through the notches, a photovoltaic cell mounted to one of the first and second housings, a light source mounted to one of the first and second housings, and at least one rechargeable battery housed within one of the first and second housings, the at least one rechargeable battery electrically coupled to the photovoltaic cell and to the light source.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter is disclosed having an input configured to receive an input signal and an output configured to present an output signal at a different voltage than the input signal. The converter also includes at least one inductor and at least one capacitor. Two or more transistors fingers are provided such that at least one of the two or more transistor fingers comprises two or more switching transistors, each of which has an input, an output, a control input. An activation controller connect to at least one of the two or more switching transistors, the activation controller to configured to control whether the at least one of the two or more switching transistors is active or non-active. Also disclosed is a buck-boost converter with numerous controlled switches that establish the converter in either buck-boost mode, buck mode or boost mode.

Abstract: An LED lamp is placed in service on an automotive vehicle to enhance nighttime visual ability or anywhere where increased lighting is needed. The LED lamp utilizes a multi-stage power and control design, where the LED drive current is managed by an LED constant current controller that is coupled to a microprocessor that commands the intensity value of an LED array. The microprocessor manages the light intensity of the LED array using well known pulse-width modulation control methods. The microprocessor measures the voltage of the DC power source and to detect when DC power is removed. Once this detection has occurred, the microprocessor signals the LED current controller to change the current operational mode being delivered to the LED array to the next available operational mode, or alternatively, to the next appropriate operational mode to be used as determined by software stored within the microprocessor.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to proximity sensors to measure distance from a surface, and more particularly, calibrating proximity sensors to adjust for various reflecting surfaces.

Abstract: A display having a first substrate and a second substrate parallel to each other, a cathode layer, a plurality of electroluminescences, a plurality of anodes, and a driving circuit is provided. The first substrate has a first surface. The second substrate has a second surface and a third surface opposite to each other, and the second surface faces the first surface. At least one of the first and the second substrates is transparent. The cathode layer disposed at the first surface has a plurality of tips. The plural electroluminescences are disposed at the second surface, and an interval is formed between the plural electroluminescences and the cathode layer. The positions of the plural anodes are at the third surface and correspond to the positions of plural electroluminescences on the second substrate. The driving circuit is disposed at the third surface and electrically connected to the plural anodes.

Abstract: A laser light source module that does not emit laser light when taken out of a device or that does not emit laser light when the device is modified by removing a portion of the device is installed and used in a case and is provided with: a laser unit that includes a memory unit that stores a password and that operates when an input password that is entered matches a password stored in the memory unit; a password-setting mechanism that generates different data according to the state of the case; and a password-generating circuit that generates an input password that matches the password stored in the memory unit by means of data generated by means of the password-setting mechanism when the casie is in a normal state.

Abstract: A shakable lighting element includes a main unit, an inner seat, a conductive rod, a spring, a swing block, an LED and an outer shade. The inner seat is latched into the main unit and is installed with the spring and the LED. The spring is connected with the swing block, an end of the conductive rod penetrates the inner seat to be in contact with a battery and the other end is transfixed in the spring. When the main unit shakes, the swing block drives the spring to swing and when the spring touches the conductive rod, the LED illuminates.

Abstract: An automatic work light control is provided for a work vehicle. The work light may be automatically turned off when a work tool is at or beyond a predetermined height or angle and automatically turned off when the work tool is within the predetermined height or angle.

Abstract: A lighting system (100) includes at least one controllable light source (125) configured to provide a light having at least one attribute; an image renderer (135) configured to render at least one image; and a system controller (110) configured to select the image in corresponding to the selected attribute. The system controller (110) may be configured to receive at least one script associated with different light attributes such as different light intensity or brightness levels, and to change the image in response to changes of the light attribute in accordance with the script.

Abstract: Various embodiments are disclosed that relate to scanning the direction of light emitted from optical collimators. For example, one disclosed embodiment provides a system for scanning collimated light, the system comprising an optical wedge, a light injection system, and a controller. The optical wedge comprises a thin end, a thick end opposite the thin end, a viewing surface extending at least partially between the thick end and the thin end, and a back surface opposite the viewing surface. The thick end of the optical wedge further comprises an end reflector comprising a faceted lens structure. The light injection system is configured to inject light into the thin end of the optical wedge, and the controller is configured to control the location along the thin end of the optical wedge at which the light injection system injects light.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a tube holder including two connectors for receiving either a light-emitting diode (LED) tube and or a fluorescent tube. One of the connectors includes a rotary member rotatably received in a through hole defined in a retainer, and three conductive elastic pieces positioned in the retainer around the through hole. One elastic piece is electrically connected to an LED tube drive circuit board and a fluorescent tube drive circuit board, and the other two conductive pieces are electrically connected to the LED and the fluorescent tube drive circuit boards, respectively. The rotary member can be rotated to first and second positions, wherein at the first position, the LED tube can be activated, and at the second position the fluorescent tube can be activated.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a light tube holder including two connectors for receiving either a light-emitting diode (LED) tube or a fluorescent tube. One of the connectors includes a rotary member rotatably received in a through hole defined in a retainer, and four conductive elastic pieces positioned in the retainer around the through hole. Two of the conductive pieces are electrically connected to an LED tube drive circuit board and the other two are connected to a fluorescent tube drive circuit board. The rotary member can be rotated to first and second positions, wherein at the first position, the LED tube can be activated, and at the second position the fluorescent tube can be activated.

Abstract: A power management circuit comprising a power-on signal input, an output terminal a control unit, a switching unit, and a discharge unit. The control unit configured to selectively turn on the switching unit to output a power-on signal to a display module and selectively turn off the switching unit to cut off an electrical connection between the power-on signal input and the output terminal. The discharge unit configured to discharge residual electrical charges in the display module when the switching unit is turned off.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of using a laser lighting apparatus for fire rescue navigation in a smoke-filled structure. The laser lighting apparatus is portably carried at a user's body and directly operated by the user to perform the steps of turning the laser lighting apparatus on to output one or more coherent light planes; projecting the one or more coherent light planes on objects in the smoke-filled structure to produce one or more light stripes on surfaces of the objects; and identifying the objects in the smoke-filled structure from the one or more light stripes.

Abstract: A temperature measurement system is provided for a light emitting diode (LED) assembly that includes an LED having two semiconductors joined together at an LED junction. The system includes a temperature sensor operatively connected to the LED assembly at a remote location that is remote from the LED junction. The temperature sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the LED assembly at the remote location. A temperature calculation module is operatively connected to the temperature sensor for receiving the measured temperature at the remote location from the temperature sensor. The temperature calculation module is configured to determine a junction temperature at the LED junction based on the measured temperature a the remote location.

Abstract: The lighting structure of the present invention can be installed in a cupboard, a wardrobe, a filing cabinet or another structural object requiring an auxiliary light source. The lighting structure comprises: a body provided with a lamp and an electrical circuit; and a base adapted to be installed on the structural object and joined with the body. The electrical circuit comprises a vibration sensing element, a control element and an electric power supplying portion. The electric power supplying portion is configured to supply electric power necessary for operation of the electrical circuit. When the lighting structure is vibrated, the vibration sensing element outputs an electrical signal to the control element so that the control element chooses to turn on or off the lamp correspondingly.

Abstract: A ceiling fan with an illumination mechanism includes a motor, a motor rotary disc, blades, a wire collection case, an annular LED lid and a lampshade. The motor includes a switch control circuit board to control LEDs provided on the annular LED lid. The annular LED lid is connected to the wire collection case. The wire collection case has a wire collection hole at a top thereof. The wires extend out from the switch control circuit board are confined in the LED lid. The wire collection case further has a pair of first pin holes at a bottom thereof. The LEDs are disposed around a lower portion of the LED lid to illuminate downward. The LED lid has two threaded hole at two sides of a bottom thereof. The lampshade has two corresponding holes for connection of screws. The LED lid has at least one pair of second pin holes at the lower portion thereof. The second pin holes correspond in position to the first pin holes of the wire connection case for connection of a pin.

Abstract: A light fixture is described that measures the ambient light intensity and determines whether to provide illumination. The light fixture may further determine a traffic status proximate the fixture and adjust the illumination accordingly. A network of light fixtures is also provided, the light fixtures communicating data to each other and determining illumination states therefrom.

Abstract: There is provided a light-emitting element which includes a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer having an electrical conductivity that is different from that of the first semiconductor layer and an active layer disposed between the first and second layers, and a first and second electrodes respectively disposed on surfaces of the first and second semiconductor layers. The first electrode comprises a plurality of electrode pieces separated from each other; and each of the electrode pieces comprises a power feed pad, and an extended portion connected to the pad and that extends in a direction away from the pad, and a terminal end portion of the extended portion of an electrode piece is opposed to a terminal end portion of the extended portion of the other electrode piece across a gap.

Abstract: An illumination device is adapted to control a primary illumination device including a wireless receiver module. The said illumination device includes a motion sensor, a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, and a wireless transmitter module. When the motion sensor detects a person entering a detection zone of the illumination device, the illumination device transmits a signal to the primary illumination device through the wireless transmitter module to activate the primary illumination device.

Abstract: A lighting system as disclosed herein may include a lighting device, a switch to control the lighting device, and a controller to assign an address to the lighting device and the switch. The controller may be connected to the lighting device and the switch over a ZigBee network. The lighting device and the switch may have a first address and a first network identifier. The lighting device or the switch transmits a request for address assignment to the controller based on the first address, the request including the first network identifier, and the controller compares the first network identifier to a second network identifier stored at the controller, and may assign a second address based on the request if the first network identifier is the same as the second network identifier.

Abstract: A driver arrangement for LEDs may include a PWM controller to deliver a feed voltage between an output line and a ground output line, said controller having a pin, a current regulator to regulate the feed current, a switch to connect said pin to a scaled-down version of the voltage on the first output line, and a control line to receive a signal to produce dimming, said control line coupled to said regulator and said switch to couple said regulator to a reference voltage and control switching, whereby: in one of the levels of a PWM control signal, said regulator interrupts said feed current, the voltage on said ground output line is floating, and in the other levels, said regulator is coupled to said reference voltage, said switch disconnects said pin from said voltage on the output line and the voltage on said ground output line is regulated.

Abstract: A portable lighting device, such as a flashlight, with a mechanical power switch and multiple operating modes is provided. The mechanical power switch is disposed in series with the controller for the lighting device and acts as the user interface to the controller to change modes of operation. Because the mechanical power switch is in series with the controller, the portable lighting device does not consume battery power when the mechanical switch is open. A state machine coupled to the controller is polled by the controller each time it is powered up to determine the operational mode of the lighting device.

Abstract: A two-wire switching circuit can handle a large inrush current, but does not require a neutral connection or a heavy-duty mechanical switch or relay. The switching circuit comprises a mechanical air-gap switch, a first controllably conductive device (e.g., a bidirectional semiconductor switch), and a second controllably conductive device (e.g., a latching relay), which are all adapted to be coupled between an AC power source and an electrical load when the air-gap switch is in a first position. First and second delay circuits control the semiconductor switch and the latching relay to be conductive at different times after the air-gap switch is changed to the first position. Specifically, the semiconductor switch is rendered conductive before the latching relay is rendered conductive, such that the semiconductor switch conducts the large inrush current. The latching relay conducts current from the AC power source to the electrical load after the inrush current has subsided.

Abstract: A two-wire switching circuit can handle a large inrush current, but does not require a neutral connection or a heavy-duty mechanical switch or relay. The switching circuit comprises a mechanical air-gap switch and a controllably conductive device, which are coupled in series and are adapted to be coupled between an AC power source and an electrical load when the mechanical switch is in a first position. A first delay circuit is coupled in parallel with the controllably conductive device and in series with the mechanical air-gap switch. A latching circuit, which is responsive to the first delay circuit, is coupled to the controllably conductive device for controlling the controllably conductive device. The first delay circuit causes the latching circuit to control the controllably conductive device to be conductive after a first predetermined time after the mechanical air-gap switch changes to the first position.

Abstract: The automatic lighting system contains a lighting device, a control module controlling the lighting device, and a light switch through which the control module is connected to an in-house wiring in a series connection. The control module contains a power unit connecting the in-house wiring, a switch detection unit connecting the in-house wiring and the power unit, a control unit connecting the power unit and the switch detection unit, an activation unit connecting the power unit and the control unit, and a control switch connecting the in-house wiring and the control unit. The automatic lighting system provides an ordinary lighting mode functioning like an ordinary lamp and an automatic lighting mode which is triggered by ambient brightness, object movement, and preset schedule. A conventional automatic lighting could be directly replaced by a light device of the present invention without altering any existing wiring and switch configuration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an undercabinet lighting system including a low profile switch mode power supply contained in a special electrical junction box and use Light Emitting Diodes with long life. The system is powered by a high energy efficient switch mode power supply with low power consumption. The height if this lighting system is very close to half of one inch or less. The transparent diffuser is positioned over the Light Emitting Diodes for uniform illumination over a desired area. These luminaries can be ganged or linked by direct mating connectors.

Abstract: A hole formation method including applying a pillar-forming liquid to a base material, to thereby form a pillar; applying an insulating film-forming material to the base material on which the pillar has been formed, to thereby form an insulating film; removing the pillar to form an opening in the insulating film; and heat treating the insulating film in which the opening has been formed.

Abstract: A multiple location load control system comprises a main device and remote devices, which do not require neutral connections, but allow for visual and audible feedback at the main device and the remote devices. The main device and the remote devices are adapted to be coupled in series electrical connection between an AC power source and an electrical load, and to be further coupled together via an accessory wiring. The remote devices can be wired on the line side and the load side of the load control system, such that the main device is wired “in the middle” of the load control system. The main device is operable to enable a charging path to allow the remote devices to charge power supplies through the accessory wiring during a first time period of a half-cycle of the AC power source. The main device and the remote devices are operable to communicate with each other via the accessory wiring during a second time period of the half-cycle.

Abstract: A drive system for an illumination device includes a plurality of LEDs; an extra load; an illumination setting unit, for providing an illumination parameter such as a work cycle; a power supply unit, for providing a DC current; a microprocessor, for receiving the illumination parameter and generating a plurality of drive signals and a compensation signal according to the received illumination parameter; a plurality of first drive units, for driving the LEDs to receive the DC current in the high-level cycle for illumination; and a second drive unit, for receiving the compensation signal and outputting the DC current to the extra load according to the compensation signal.

Abstract: A table lamp having ash-alerting and ash-extinguishing functions includes a base, an arm pivotally connected with the base, a lighting lamp connected with the arm, a heat sensor, a warning light, and a control circuit. The base is, on top surface thereof, recessed with an accommodating chamber. The lighting lamp can, along with pivoting of the arm, cover the accommodating chamber. The control circuit is electrically connected with the heat sensor and the warning light, and is able to activate, selectively, the warning light based on a temperature detected by the heat sensor. Therefore, without a user have to pay much attention on whether cigarette butts or ash has been extinguished or not so as to assure avoiding a fire accident.

Abstract: An LED module (10) for operating at least one LED (18) comprising an input (E1, E2) adapted for coupling to a DC voltage source (UE); an output (A1, A2) adapted for coupling to the at least one LED (18); a filter device (14); and a DC-DC converter (16); wherein the filter device (14) and the DC-DC converter (16) are coupled in series between the input (E1, E2) and the output (A1, A2), and wherein the output (DCA1, DCA2) of the DC-DC converter (16) is coupled to the output (A1, A2) of the LED module (10); wherein the LED module further comprises an electronic switch (Q1), which is configured to couple the DC-DC converter (16) to the input (E1, E2) of the LED module (10) and to decouple it therefrom.

Abstract: A user interface for an indoor light switch coupled to control an outdoor light having a sensor for controlling an on/off state of the outdoor light is disclosed. The user interface comprises a mode actuator moveable between an off position and a sensor position; and a control actuator enabling an adjustment of a setting of the sensor from the user interface, wherein the setting of the control actuator will affect the on/off state of the outdoor light when the mode actuator is in the sensor position.

Abstract: A light module for signaling comprising an assembly module (1), defined by a body with any geometry and ordinarily in the form of a box (2), including a rear closing (3) and a frontal lens (4) and, between said parts, an electronic circuit (5) and a corresponding set of light emitting diodes (6), being said electronic circuit (5) constituted by the following blocks: a source (7) to regulate the feeding voltage of other blocks within five volts with low quiescent current; synchronism (8) for electrical conditioning if an eventual reference signal for foreign synchronism occurs; blinking sequence generator (9) with means to define the period of time during which the set of lights (6) is on and off.

Abstract: There is provided a light-emitting-element driving circuit which comprises a light-emitting circuit unit in which a plurality of current paths in each of which a light-emitting element and a first switching element are connected in series are placed in parallel with each other between a power supply terminal connected to an input power supply and a common terminal, a common circuit unit in which a second switching element and a constant current source which supplies a predetermined current which is defined in advance are connected in series and which is placed between the common terminal and a ground terminal which is grounded, and a plurality of third switching elements each of which is placed between an anode terminal of the respective light-emitting element of the light-emitting circuit unit and ground, wherein a switching control is applied for the first switching elements, the second switching element, and the third switching elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light-emitting diode (LED) drive control circuit having an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal and a switching device are coupled in series between power supply terminals. The output terminal is coupled to an LED. The switching device includes a single-pole double-throw switch. A first branch of the single-pole double-throw switch is a wire. A second branch of the single-pole double-throw switch includes a resistor and an indicator in series. The circuit includes a semiconductor switch that is either on or off. When the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to the first branch, the semiconductor switch is on and turns on the LED. When the single-pole double-throw switch is switched to the second branch, the semiconductor switch is off and turns off the LED. The circuit can effectively turn the LED on and off to avoid power leakage and slight emission of light.

Abstract: A lighting control system includes a power pack and an enhanced occupancy sensor configured to implement multi-valued signaling to encode additional information into the occupancy signal it provides on the signal line. The power pack is configured to monitor the signal line to detect and interpret the additional information. In one example, the lighting control system also includes a manual override switch coupled to the signal line and/or to the occupancy sensor.

Abstract: A flashlight with momentary function and multiple lighting modes wherein a mechanical switch is activated by a pushbutton so that each depression of the pushbutton causes the switch to cycle through a first state, a second state and a third state sequentially. When the switch is in the first state or the second state, it is electrically connected to the respective port of the integrated circuit and the integrated circuit drives the light source to operate in the respective lighting mode; when the switch is in the third state, it is electrically disconnected from the integrated circuit and the integrated circuit drives the light source to operate in a third lighting mode. When the integrated circuit detects that the switch is disconnected from the integrated circuit after a state which corresponds to the OFF mode and is therefore transitioning to a subsequent state, it drives the light source to operate in the lighting mode of the subsequent state.

Abstract: A portable lighting device that provides different user interfaces that may be selected by the user. Each user interface may provide one or more operational modes, such as on mode, power save mode, strobe mode or momentary mode. After a user interface is selected, the user may select on of the operational modes. The portable lighting device may be a flashlight.

Abstract: A lamp includes a ring, a first housing and a second housing connected to two opposite ends of the ring and a light emitting pipe. The ring defines a through hole through which the light emitting pipe extends. The first housing and the second housing each include a lampshade connected to the ring, a cover connected to the lampshade and a pressure detecting element fixed on the cover. A quantity of powder is received in the first housing and the second housing. The powder can flow between the first housing and the second housing through the through hole. The pressure detecting elements can detect the weight of the powder accumulated thereon to turn the light emitting pipe on or off.

Abstract: A user wearable device may be implemented with a light source to provide illumination to an area of interest. In one example, the light source may be selectively operated by switches, physical displacement (e.g., movement) of the device, or other approaches. In another example, the device may be implemented as a wristwatch to display time, date, or related information to a user. In another example, the device may be implemented with appropriate processing or communication components to perform other tasks. In other embodiments, various methods of using, operating, or manufacturing such devices are provided.

Abstract: A clip with a light comprises a body including a first and a second clip members to be flexibly pressed, and an illuminating device disposed between the first and second clip members and having a receiving cylinder, a light received in the receiving cylinder and provided with a first and a second connecting legs, a cell set received in the receiving cylinder to supply power to the light, a power circuit mounted in the receiving cylinder and provided with an electrode of a rear end of the cell set electrically connected to the first connecting leg of the light and the second connecting leg electrically coupled to an electrode of a front end of the cell set, an actuating member series connected onto the power circuit and having pressing blocks extending out of the receiving cylinder to press and release the first and second clip members, controlling the actuating member.

Abstract: A sound control candle light includes a candle light having a lampshade shaped like the flame of a candle and a light-emitting device surrounded by the lampshade, a sound generator having an enclosed sound pipe with a mouthpiece and a reed mounted inside the enclosed sound pipe adjacent to the mouthpiece and vibratable to produce a sound at a predetermined frequency when a person blows in the mouthpiece, a sound sensor mounted inside the enclosed sound pipe for sensing the sound produced by the reed and providing a corresponding sensing signal, and a control circuit adapted for receiving the sensing signal provided by the sound sensor to drive on/off the light-emitting device. Thus, a specific sound frequency different from surrounding noises can be produced, enabling the sound control candle light to be alternatively turned on and off when it is blown by the user, assuring high control reliability.

Abstract: A fixing device of a light-emitting body, whose mounting height is suppressed, is provided. Further, a lighting device whose mounting height is suppressed is provided. Further, a lighting device whose mounting height is suppressed and in which fixtures supporting a light-emitting body are hidden from view is provided. Furthermore, a lighting device whose mounting height is suppressed and in which light-emitting bodies can be arranged with no space therebetween and supported is provided. A structure is employed in which a planar light-emitting body whose thickness is suppressed is formed using an organic electroluminescent element, a terminal is provided in each of end portions facing each other in the planar light-emitting body, the terminals are made in contact with contacts provided in fixtures, and the end portions of the light-emitting body are held between the fixtures.

Abstract: A device comprising a solid state or mechanical switch coupled to a first connector and a second connector and at least one lighting device such as an LED light source wherein when power is applied to the first connector, the switch is operable to direct power to the lighting device and to a portion of the pins of the second connector. By constructing the connectors as similar, but with opposite genders, the connectors can be disposed on a circuit assembly to allow for daisy chaining a series of luminaire assemblies together. The connectors may be Ethernet connectors and the switch may be operable through control signals coupled to the Ethernet connector such that a smart power controller operating using power over Ethernet (POE) can operate to control the light sources.

Abstract: The present invention provides switches and sensors that automatically turn on and/or off an associated device. In particular, the present invention provides lighting devices containing switches and sensors associated with the device that power/depower the device and systems and objects containing the device.

Abstract: A system and method of light bulb and fixture comprising an occupancy sensor, a light meter, and an on/off circuit switch is used to manage the lighting use base on the sensing the presence of people and area lighting condition. The occupancy sensor, light meter, an on-off circuit switch, and a regulator are incorporated into the light bulb or fixture for easy replacement and no need of re-wiring or major fixture change.