Abstract: An electronic irritation device includes a plurality of electronic irritation signal modules. Each of the modules has at least one emitter for emitting optical or acoustic irritation signals, and additionally a connection device for coupling the plurality of irritation signal modules to one another and an unlocking device for automatically unlocking the connection device in order to decouple the plurality of irritation signal modules from one another and thereby distribute them spatially. Distributing a plurality of irritation signal modules makes it possible to increase the probability of an irritation effect upon deployment of a single irritation device.

Abstract: A high-insulation integrated plastic lamp holder that does not require traditional American and European-standard copper lamp holders, comprising a high-insulation plastic body formed by injection molding. The top of the high-insulation plastic body is provided with a barrier, a first conductive component slot, and a second conductive component slot, and the barrier is located between the first conductive component slot and the second conductive component slot. The first conductive component slot and the second conductive component slot are inserted into positive and negative conductive sheets correspondingly, and the assembly of the lamp holder is simpler, which facilitates automatic production, thereby greatly improving the daily production capacity and insulation, and lowering the cost of production.

Abstract: A glow discharge tube comprising a gas-sealed envelope, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The gas-sealed envelope defining an interior with an interior surface defining a first interior portion with a first interior surface and a second interior portion with a second interior surface. The first electrode being located within the first interior portion, and the second electrode being located within and in contact with the second interior portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an adapter and an LED lamp using the adapter, the adapter including a first body with an upper portion and a lower portion opposite to the upper portion, a first electrical connection member fixedly installed on the upper portion and electrically connected with the LED lamp, a second electrical connection member with one end electrically connecting with the first electrical connection member, the other end thereof connecting with an external electronic control member, and fixedly installed on the lower portion, the upper portion including a first wall with a first recess for arranging the first electrical connection member therein, the lower portion including a second wall with a second recess for arranging the second electrical connection member therein, the external electronic control member including a third electrical connection member electrically connected with the second electrical connection member, and at least one conductive post thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an adapter and an LED lamp using the adapter, the adapter including a first body with an upper portion and a lower portion, a first electrical connection member electrically connected with the LED lamp and including at least one conductive post, a second electrical connection member with an end electrically connecting with the first electrical connection member, the other end thereof connected with an external electronic control member, and including a first protrusion with a plurality of installing holes fixing with a plurality of conductive splints therein, the external electronic control member including a third electrical connection member with a plurality of terminals therein, the lower portion including a first wall with a first recess for inserting the first protrusion therein, the plurality of terminals rotated to insert into the plurality of conductive splints for electrically connect the adapter with the external electronic control member.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an adapter and an LED lamp using the adapter, the adapter including a first body with an upper portion detachably connected with the LED lamp, and a lower portion opposite to the upper portion and detachably connected with an external electronic control member, a first electrical connection member fixedly installed on the upper portion, extending out of the upper portion and electrically connected to the LED lamp, a second electrical connection member fixedly installed between the upper and lower portions, with one end electrically connecting with the first electrical connection member and the other end connecting with the external electronic control member; the external electronic control member including a third electrical connection member electrically connected with the first electrical connection member by a conductive post and an elastic connecting member respectively formed thereof, which can connect with different external electronic control members by the adapter.

Abstract: An LED plug-in lamp is disclosed that has a plug head which converts between a G24Q 4-pin plug head and a G24D type 2-pin plug head. The A LED plug-in lamp includes a detachable plug head cap or pin cover that detachably couples to the plug head to thereby form a G24Q 4-pin plug head or is removed from the plug head to thereby from a G24D type 2-pin plug head.

Abstract: A load control device may be configured to control multiple characteristics of one or more electrical loads such as the intensity and color of a lighting load. The load control device may switch from controlling one characteristic of the electrical loads to controlling another characteristic of the electrical loads based on the position and/or orientation of one or more components of the load control device. Such a position and/or orientation may be manipulated by moving the one or more components relative to a base portion of the load control device. The load control device may be a wall-mounted device or a battery-powered remote control device.

Abstract: A threadless magnetic lightbulb and socket system includes a lightbulb base having a neck with a threadless exterior surface and a socket having a receptacle with a threadless interior surface configured to receive the neck. A first magnet is positioned at a tip of the lightbulb base and a second magnet is positioned in the receptacle of the socket such that the first magnet and the second magnet are configured to attract each other to magnetically retain the lightbulb within the socket. A threadless magnetic lightbulb includes a lightbulb base having a neck with a threadless exterior surface and a magnet positioned at a tip of the lightbulb base. A threadless magnetic socket includes a socket having a receptacle with a threadless interior surface configured to receive a lightbulb base and a magnet positioned in the receptacle of the socket.

Abstract: A load control device may be configured to control multiple characteristics of one or more electrical loads such as the intensity and color of a lighting load. The load control device may include concentric rotating portions for adjusting the multiple characteristics. A control circuit of the load control device may be configured to generate control data for controlling one or more of the characteristics of the electrical loads in response to rotations of the concentric rotating portions. The control circuit may be further configured to provide feedback regarding the control being applied on one or more visual indicators. The load control device may be a wall-mounted dimmer device or a battery-powered remote control device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing on-board electromagnetic radiation sensing using beam splitting in a radiation sensing apparatus. The radiation sensing apparatuses can include a micro-mirror chip including a plurality of light reflecting surfaces. The apparatuses can also include an image sensor including an imaging surface. The apparatuses can also include a beamsplitter unit located between the micro-mirror chip and the image sensor. The beamsplitter unit can include a beamsplitter that includes a partially-reflective surface that is oblique to the imaging surface and the micro-mirror chip. The apparatuses can also include an enclosure configured to enclose at least the beamsplitter and a light source. With the apparatuses, the light source can be attached to a printed circuit board (PCB). Also, the enclosure can include an inner surface that has an angled reflective surface that is configured to reflect light from the light source in a direction towards the beamsplitter.

Abstract: A load control device may be configured to control multiple characteristics of one or more electrical loads such as the intensity and color of a lighting load. The load control device may include concentric rotating portions for adjusting the multiple characteristics. A control circuit of the load control device may be configured to generate control data for controlling one or more of the characteristics of the electrical loads in response to rotations of the concentric rotating portions. The control circuit may be further configured to provide feedback regarding the control being applied on one or more visual indicators. The load control device may be a wall-mounted dimmer device or a battery-powered remote control device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a downlight (100) comprising an annular mounting frame (50) to be mounted in the area of a ceiling mounting hole, and a light fixture (10) that is to be fastened to the mounting frame (50) and includes a luminaire head (30) thereon. The mounting frame (50) and the light fixture (10) are designed such that the light fixture (10) is fastened to the mounting frame (50) by twisting the former (10) relative to the latter (50), additional securing means being provided which prevent the light fixture (10) from being twisted in the unlocking direction in a mounted position.

Abstract: A lighting system includes a light emitting element operable to emit light at a level between zero and 100 percent, a light level sensor positioned to detect a total level of light, and a motion detector positioned to detect a motion in a predefined space. A controller is coupled to the light emitting element, the light level sensor, and the motion detector and is operable to compare a measured total level of light to a set point and to activate the light emitting element in response to the measured total light level being below the setpoint. The controller is further operable to activate the light emitting element in response to the detection of motion within the space.

Abstract: There is provided a discharge lamp of an embodiment includes a burner having a light emitting part, and a disk-shaped flange which is capable of holding the burner so that the light emitting part is positioned at a front end side of the flange. The flange includes a resin part formed at an edge of the flange, and a metal part formed to be embedded in the resin part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a mobile communication terminal having a light guide plate for indicating the receipt of a signal. This mobile communication terminal comprises an upper frame. A light guide plate is mounted in the upper frame. The light guide plate has an opening corresponding to a region of an image display window. In addition, at least one LED is arranged adjacent to the light guide plate so as to introduce light into the light guide plate. Since the light guide plate is used for indicating the receipt of a signal, it is possible to provide a mobile communication terminal allowing a user to easily recognize a state where a signal has been received.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamps, along with their methods of manufacture and use, are provided. The fluorescent lamp can include a discharge tube extending from a first end to a second end; a resistive transparent coating (e.g., a tin oxide thin film layer, such as a fluor-doped tin oxide thin film layer) on the outer surface of the discharge tube; and a pair of electric terminals positioned on the discharge tube such that a first terminal is on the first end and a second terminal is on the second end.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of the invention, a dimmer system and a dimming method employed thereby, is described. The dimmer system communicates AC power having alternating AC current half-cycles to a gas discharge lamp for energizing the gas discharge lamp. The AC current half-cycles being communicated to the gas discharge lamp is switchable between a first waveform and a second waveform of different amplitudes. By varying the point whereat the switching occurs, illumination intensity of the gas discharge lamp is varied to thereby effect stepless dimming of the gas discharge lamp.

Abstract: In a driving IC-incorporated fluorescent display device, a filament end-supporting member including a structure which has a short distance between a filament and an anode substrate and is not compromised to shielding effect of the driving IC is provided. An end portion of the filament is sandwiched between a tabular support which is attached to a tabular portion of a retainer plate and a ribbon, and the ribbon is fixed to the support by spot welding. The support consists of a slit. The filament is opposed to the slit and extends to longitudinal direction of the slit. The opposite side of the filament of the slit is closed by the retainer plate.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a lamp base element for holding a transformer is provided. The lamp base element may include a transformer chamber which holds the transformer, wherein the transformer is held completely in the transformer chamber, and wherein the contact pins of the transformer are passed through a contact-making face of the transformer chamber, which contact-making face is opposite an opening face.

Abstract: In a driving IC-incorporated fluorescent display device, a filament end-supporting member including a structure which has a short distance between a filament and an anode substrate and is not compromised to shielding effect of the driving IC is provided. An end portion of the filament is sandwiched between a tabular support which is attached to a tabular portion of a retainer plate and a ribbon, and the ribbon is fixed to the support by spot welding. The support consists of a slit. The filament is opposed to the slit and extends to longitudinal direction of the slit. The opposite side of the filament of the slit is closed by the retainer plate.

Abstract: An LED ballast mount preferably includes a housing assembly having sidewalls including a housing LED side wall and a housing opposite side wall. A rechargeable battery is installed in a battery assembly and the battery assembly includes a battery housing mounted to the housing LED side wall. A first LED lamp is mounted on a lower face of the battery housing. A first fluorescent lamp socket mounted on a ballast socket face of the battery housing. A second fluorescent lamp socket mounted on the ballast socket face of the battery housing. A bridge housing including an electronic ballast mounted within the bridge housing. Fluorescent tubes may be mounted in the device.

Abstract: A discharge lamp unit has a supporting member supporting a discharge lamp, a circuit substrate supplying electric power to the discharge lamp, a housing case member, a separation wall, and a hollow part. The housing case member supports the circuit substrate in an inside space thereof and the supporting member. The supporting member is exposed to an outside of the housing case member. The separation wall separates the supporting member from the circuit substrate in the inside space of the housing case member. The hollow part is formed between the separation wall and the circuit substrate. When the supporting member is heated by heat energy of the discharge lamp, the separation wall shields the heat conduction from the supporting member to the circuit substrate. The presence of the hollow part between the separation wall and the circuit substrate prevents heat conduction from the discharge lamp side to the circuit substrate.

Abstract: A high-voltage pulse generator based on a spiral pulse generator, wherein the spiral pulse generator is implemented as an LTCC component and is wound from at least two ceramic and at least two metal-containing layers, and the high-voltage pulse generator can be introduced into a cylindrical volume V=d2*?*3*d whose length is three times as long as the diameter of the volume, and the volume of the high-voltage pulse generator is greater than one-third of the cylindrical volume. Also disclosed is a high-pressure discharge lamp having a tubular outer piston, wherein the outer piston of the high-pressure discharge lamp has an aforesaid high-voltage pulse generator.

Abstract: A display having a first substrate and a second substrate parallel to each other, a cathode layer, a plurality of electroluminescences, a plurality of anodes, and a driving circuit is provided. The first substrate has a first surface. The second substrate has a second surface and a third surface opposite to each other, and the second surface faces the first surface. At least one of the first and the second substrates is transparent. The cathode layer disposed at the first surface has a plurality of tips. The plural electroluminescences are disposed at the second surface, and an interval is formed between the plural electroluminescences and the cathode layer. The positions of the plural anodes are at the third surface and correspond to the positions of plural electroluminescences on the second substrate. The driving circuit is disposed at the third surface and electrically connected to the plural anodes.

Abstract: A starter for electrodeless discharge lamp comprises a printed circuit sheet, at least one printed circuit trace, and at least one electrode. The printed circuit trace and the electrode are provided on the printed circuit sheet and are electrically connected to each other. The printed circuit sheet is arranged on a magnetic core of an electrodeless discharge lamp, such that the printed circuit trace surrounds the magnetic core and the electrode is located close to a discharge gas inside the electrodeless discharge lamp. The starter has simple structure and is easy to mount, and allows a ballast to start the electrodeless discharge lamp at a low voltage.

Abstract: In one embodiment, when the current density at the cathode is less than 0.2 mA/mm2, cathode sputtering is avoided or reduced to such an extent that the life time of the CCFL is not significantly adversely affected. In another embodiment, the internal diameter (ID) of the CCFL tube is within the range of 3 to 16 mm. Preferably, the distance between the anode and cathode is within a range of about 200˜1000 times of the internal diameter of the CCFL tube, and the distances between at least one section of the CCFL tube and two adjacent sections of the CCFL tube is less than about 5 times an outside diameter of the CCFL tube. Preferably, the efficiency of the CCFL is not less than about 55 lm/W.

Abstract: A discharge lamp unit constitutes circuit components including self-heating components that radiate the heat, i.e., a circuit board and a DC/DC transformer, and a heat radiation member. The heat radiation member made of metal is arranged in a portion between the self-heating components and the other components, so as to cover at least a portion of the self-heating component. In the discharge lamp unit, the heat produced by the self-heating components can be absorbed by the heat radiation member before the conducting heat reaches the circuit components other than the self-heat components. As a result, the heat produced by the self-heating components can be effectively radiated away.

Abstract: A concentrated light emitting device includes a transparent casing, a printed circuit board in the transparent casing, a drive module and a light emitting element, which is a single element, plural elements arranged alternately or a module, on the printed circuit board. The drive module and the light emitting element are on one or two sides of the printed circuit board, the drive module includes a regulator circuit without electrolytic capacitors and the light emitting element is an LED or an organic LED. The light emitting device is used in a fluorescent lamp of a smaller diameter, like a T5 fluorescent lamp (i.e., a fluorescent lamp of a diameter of ?? or 16 mm). The present invention is capable of matching with an external drive module and providing a dedicated bracket for the external drive module, which can reduce production cost and can be installed more conveniently.

Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic spiral pulse generator is provided. The method may include providing a film composite comprising at least one ceramic green film and at least one metal layer; winding the film composite to form a spirally wound winding; laminating the winding; and sintering the laminated winding so as to create a spiral pulse generator.

Abstract: The inventive concept is directed to a heat shield on a Compact Fluorescent Lamp CFL. When a CFL is installed in an upside down position, that is, the screw-in section is up and the lighted section is down, the heat created by the lighted section rises and impacts on the ballast section right above it. The ballast section may malfunction and may fail altogether. The heat shield is of a conical configuration and the smaller diameter end is slipped over the threaded section but will stop just above the wider diameter of the ballast section. This way, the heat cannot reach the ballast section to greatly prolong the life span of the CFL. On an upper section of the heat shield there are provided spring retainers which will provide a snug fit of the heat shield on the top of the ballast. The heat shield may be adjusted into somewhat different directions to enhance the direction of the light emanating from under the heat shield.

Abstract: At an initial stage of a discharge start, a shield electrode is connected to a ground potential via a bidirectional voltage trigger switch. Thereafter, when an electrical charge within the shield electrode flows to the ground potential, by being triggered with this potential, both terminals of the bidirectional voltage trigger switch are disconnected therebetween. Thus, at an initial stage of discharge, charging of the shield electrode is suppressed to suppress a decline in discharge, and in a sustained discharge, destabilization due to an unwanted discharge from the shield electrode to the anode can be suppressed, and using such an electrode automatically allows improving the lighting performance of a discharge lamp.

Abstract: In an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp that encloses mercury is enclosed in an arc tube, an electrode has a head portion whose diameter is larger than that of an axis portion and a cylindrical portion formed to project from and extend, integrally with a back end face of the head portion, wherein an inner circumference face the cylindrical portion is apart from the axis portion so as to surround the axis portion. During an alternating current lighting, a relational expression of d/(1/f)×1/2?3.8 is satisfied, wherein a frequency, which relates to an anode operation period that is the longest in the anode operation period during which one electrode serves as an anode, is represented as f, and a distance in an axial direction from the leading edge position of the head portion of the electrode to a boundary position between the head portion and the cylindrical portion is represented as d.

Abstract: A protection circuit is provided for a T8 LED lighting tube, including at least two power transmission connectors and at least two rectification circuits. The power transmission connectors are respectively mounted to opposite ends of the T8 LED tube and each has at least two contacts that are respectively engageable with tube retention connectors formed on opposite ends of a T8 fluorescent light fixture to receive an external AC power. Each rectification circuit is composed of at least one rectifier semiconductor and the two rectification circuits are respectively connected to the contacts of the two power transmission connectors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a discharge lamp with a floor plate and a roof plate designed for dielectrically impeded discharge, in which the minimum discharge distances are at least 10 mm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to devices and methods for generating light with plasma lamps. More particularly, the present invention provides plasma lamps driven by a radio-frequency source without the use of electrodes inside the bulb and related methods. In a specific embodiment, a coaxial type coupling module is used to drive an electrodeless bulb. Merely by way of example, such plasma lamps can be applied to applications such as stadiums, security, parking lots, military and defense, street lighting, large and small buildings, vehicle headlamps, aircraft landing, bridges, warehouses, UV water treatment, agriculture, architectural lighting, stage lighting, medical illumination, microscopes, projectors and displays, any combination of these, and the like.

Abstract: High pressure discharge lamp (20) with improved ignitability. A spiral pulse generator (1) that is directly mounted inside the outer piston (12) of the lamp is used for igniting the high pressure discharge lamp.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards devices, systems and methods which produce electromagnetic waveforms including radio-frequency waves, microwaves and electromagnetic waves having no field current or electric field (magnetic waves) and subatomic and/or charge-less particles. In one embodiment, the system and method produces a “charge-less” propagating “magnetic” wave and/or charge-less particles and/or subatomic particles which have demonstrated high utility in the structural modification of both solids and liquids for materials processing. The energy generator according to one embodiment comprises a magnetron emitter hermetically sealed in a housing and supplied with a continuous dirty or erratic voltage signal to cause the magnetron emitter to operate erratically and unstably as a broad band signal generator whereby electromagnetic waves are produced in the hermetically sealed housing which facilitates and produces a plasma above the cathode of the magnetron emitter.

Abstract: Provided is a lighting unit and a discharge lamp each of which is capable of causing a capacitor to break down by heat generated in a heat generating component, so that circuit operation is safely terminated without any additional cost. A compact self-ballasted fluorescent lamp is provided with a lighting unit (50) housed in a case. The lighting unit (50) causes an arc tube to emit light and is composed of a plurality of electronic components, including a rectifier/smoothing circuit portion, an inverter circuit portion having transistors (Q1 and Q2), a resonant circuit portion, and a preheating circuit portion having a positive temperature coefficient element. Among the plurality of electronic components, the transistors (Q1 and Q2) and the positive temperature coefficient element generate excessive heat when, for example, the lamp is operated at the end of electrode's life.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the monitoring of a plurality of at least three electrical lighting bodies of the same design, comprising a. Imposition on the plurality of lighting bodies of at least one supply signal from at least one ballast device, b. Reading out of at least one parameter for each of the individual lighting bodies in each case, c. Forming of at least one reference value from at least some of the parameters read out from the different lighting bodies, d. Comparison of the reference value with the parameter of each individual one of the lighting bodies, e. Generation of a signal for each lighting body of which the parameter exceeds a specified deviation from the reference value.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp system has a high-pressure mercury lamp 4 and a lighting circuit 3 that operates the lamp 4. The lamp 4 includes an envelope having a light emitting part 6 having a first and a second electrode 10, 11 arranged therein and a first and a second sealing part 7, 8 oppositely extending from the light emitting part 6, and a conductor 20 electrically connected to the second electrode 11. Particularly a portion of the conductor 20 is at least in contact with or in closest proximity to the outer surface of the first sealing part 7 substantially at a single point in an area corresponding to a first metal foil 16 connected to the first electrode 10. The circuit 3 activates the lamp 4 by placing high-frequency voltage at a predetermined frequency within a range of 10 [kHz]-10 [MHz], inclusive, between the electrodes 10, 11.

Abstract: High pressure discharge lamp (20) with improved ignitability. A spiral pulse generator (1) that is directly mounted inside the outer piston (12) of the lamp is used for igniting the high pressure discharge lamp.

Abstract: A line voltage LED Lamp produces variable illumination in response to industry standard lighting dimmers, through the use of an input voltage monitoring circuit which variably controls the current output of an integral driver in response to sensed changes in the input voltage. A cascaded converter circuit is used to achieve a very high step-down ratio, enabling the LEDs to be driven from a high input voltage without the need for a power transformer. Electrolytic capacitors are avoided, increasing the life of the driver circuit in the high ambient temperatures typically encountered in the base of similar lamps. The circuit employed drives high power LEDs, and the lamp is adapted to fit common MR16 size fixtures. Illumination output equivalent to similar size halogen bulbs is achieved.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp includes a discharge tube forming a continuous arc path with electrodes disposed at each end of the path. The lamp includes a fill gas disposed within the discharge tube. The lamp further includes a ballast circuit for controlling current in the discharge tube and operatively connected to the electrodes. The discharge tube is spirally wound around the longitudinal axis of the lamp to form a partially closed cavity and in a preferred arrangement the ballast is positioned within cavity formed by the spirally wound discharge tube. A gap between adjacent turns of the spirally wound discharge tube is less than about 0.5 mm, and preferably about 0.0009 mm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light source for generating light having a spectral emittance in at least a part of the range of 380 nm to 780 nm, the light having a spectral power distribution E(?) as a function of the wavelength ?, and a general color-rendering index Ra, wherein the ratio of the integral spectral power distribution over a first range of 575 nm???650 nm to that of a second range of 380 nm???780 nm is given by the relation: and wherein Bb, ?0.15 and Ra?20. The light generated by the light source has a relatively small disturbing effect on migrating birds, while it still allows acceptable visibility for human beings.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp which includes a compact fluorescent light source and a ballast operatively connected to and controlling operation of the light source. An outer light transmissive envelope surrounds the light source and an elastic protective shield surrounds the ballast.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp includes a ballast, a holder, a power regulating switch, and a fluorescent tube. The power regulating switch includes a housing, a base, plurality of inductors, a plurality of first contacts, a plurality of second contacts, a plurality of conducting bridges, a plurality of push rods, and a plurality of elastic members. The circuit of the power regulating switch has different values of inductance and output power by provision of the inductors, and the output power of the power regulating switch is regulated by the electrical connection between each of the first contacts and the respective different second contact so as to fit the fluorescent tube of different power specifications.

Abstract: There is described a compact fluorescent lamp and articles that are coated with a shatterproof silicone overmold. The coated compact fluorescent lamp provides safety and containment and peace of mind to the general public while eliminating worries of broken glass and mercury exposure. The coated bulb provides shock resistance to prevent breakage in many typical drops, or total glass containment with the silicone overmold if the bulb does break. The shatterproof silicone coated compact fluorescent lamp with containment system will prevent the bulb from shattering or exploding if dropped. The silicone overmold is adhered directly to the glass gas filled tube and base allowing for containment of mercury and as a catalyst for recycling. Methods of manufacturing silicone coated compact fluorescent lamps by dipping a bulb in a solvent dispersion of uncured silicone rubber to provide one or more layers is also provided.

Abstract: An entire length of a fluorescent lamp is made short to allow the fluorescent lamp to be downsized and the part other than the fluorescent lamp to be shortened so as to advantageously improve the design potentials and enhance the lighting effect. A fluorescent lamp to be fitted to a feeding side member, or a hook ceiling, having a pair of retaining holes and a pair of feeding side terminals arranged at corresponding positions, comprises a fluorescent lamp main body, an inverter-containing case arranged at a proximal end side of the fluorescent lamp main body and a pair of terminals arranged at the side of the case opposite to the fluorescent lamp main body. The pair of terminals have the tip ends bent so as to be retained by the feeding side member and establish electric connection to the feeding side terminals as they are respectively inserted into the pair of retaining holes of the feeding side member and displaced in the rotating direction around the center of the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lamp system comprising a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp having a discharge vessel (6) enclosing a discharge space (8), with two electrodes (10, 30) positioned in the discharge vessel and an amalgam (18) arranged at a first end section (28) outside the discharge path between the first electrode and the second electrode. A ballast generates an electrical discharge current independently of an electrical heating current. A heating element (22) is positioned in the first end section for heating the amalgam using the electrical heating current. The temperature of the amalgam can be kept within its optimal temperature range for a relatively broad range of operating conditions.