Abstract: An electric valve and a control method therefor are disclosed. The electric valve comprises a mechanical valve body, a motor (1), a valve switch state detection apparatus, a control line (9) and a control circuit (80). The motor and the mechanical valve body are in transmission connection; the control line is electrically connected to the control circuit; the control circuit comprises a drive module (2) and a power supply module (5); and the motor, the valve switch state detection apparatus and the power supply module are respectively connected to the drive module. The control circuit further comprises a backup power supply (90) electrically connected thereto.

Abstract: An electric lawn tractor power management system and method including a power management switch having a normal mode setting and a power management mode setting. In response to actuation of the power management switch to the power management mode setting, a blade motor controller commands a blade motor to rotate at a power management speed lower than a normal speed, and a traction drive motor controller commands a traction drive motor to rotate up to a maximum power management speed lower than a normal maximum speed. At least one persistence counter notifies the controllers if excess loading conditions exist on the blade motor or traction drive motor. The controllers change the speeds and/or response of the blade motor and traction drive motor in response to the excess loading conditions.

Abstract: A drive system has a switched reluctance motor (SR motor) and a control system configured to determine an estimated total torque of SR motor as a function of the phase voltages and phase currents of the phases of the SR motor.

Abstract: A transport system includes a motor for moving the transport appliance and a power supply circuit of the motor. The power supply circuit is connected between the motor and a power source that is limited (Plim) in its dimensioning. An energy storage that is limited (Elim) in its capacity is fitted in connection with the power supply circuit of the motor. The control arrangement includes a determination of the charging status (EQ) of the energy storage; a determination of the movement reference of the transport appliance; and a control of the movement of the transport appliance as a response to the determined movement reference of the transport appliance. The movement reference of the transport appliance is determined on the basis of the amount of energy that can be discharged from the energy storage and/or on the basis of the amount of energy that can be charged into the energy storage as well as on the basis of the travel distance of the transport appliance.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an AC electric motor vehicle including a converter that converts an AC voltage input from an AC overhead wire via a transformer into a DC voltage, an inverter that converts the DC voltage into an AC voltage, and a motor that is driven and controlled by the inverter includes: torque-command calculating units that calculate a torque command value of the motor and output the torque command value to the inverter; and a static inverter that supplies electric power to a load mounted on the AC electric motor vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for charging accumulation means via an external electrical network via at least a first (A) and a second (B) switching arm respectively comprising two switches (12), said method comprising a step for controlling the switches (12) of the switching arms (A, B) by transmission of pulse width modulation control signals, characterized in that the switches (12) of the second switching arm (B) are controlled by adapting the pulse width of the control signals so as to generate an alternating voltage (Vx) in phase opposition relative to the voltage at the terminals of a compensation inductance (7?) connected on the one hand to the second arm (B) and on the other hand to the neutral (N) of said network, so that the voltage (VN) between the neutral (N) of said network and ground is a direct voltage. The invention also relates to a charging device for implementing such a charging method.

Abstract: A four-stage power distribution system (100) includes (i) a first stage (110) having an inverter (112) that provides power to a frequency drive (114) and an electric motor (116) controlled by the frequency drive; (ii) a second stage (120) having a flywheel (122) driven by the motor; (iii) a third stage (130) having an alternator (132) driven by the motor (116) and connected to the flywheel, and a rectifier (134) that receives current from the alternator and generates a direct current; and (iv) a fourth stage (140) having a charge control switch (142) that receives power from the rectifier, and a plurality of power storage devices such as batteries (144A-144C). A master control switch (150) controls the charge control switch to transition the plurality of batteries individually between a charging configuration and a load configuration. One or more of the battery(ies) in the load configuration provides power to the inverter.

Abstract: A vehicle drive system comprises inverters connected electrically with a power supply line and a ground line and controlling the current flowing through each stator coil of each of first and second motor generators, and a switch making or breaking the connection between the neutral of the stator coil of first motor generator and a battery. When the first motor generator is not used but the second motor generator is used, a controller brings the switch into connection state in parallel with voltage conversion operation of a booster unit and controls the inverter to perform voltage conversion operation using the stator coil of first motor generator as a reactor.

Abstract: Hybrid power equipment comprising a user-selectable power selection switch for switching between DC or AC power, a boost and conserve feature for increasing speed of the working elements as necessary, and a motor or a plurality of motors for moving working elements. Running the OPE at the conserve setting prolongs battery pack duration per charge. The motor may comprise a dual coil commutator configuration. Power supply and control systems allow the user to select operation of the plurality motors or dual coil commutators in either series or parallel configuration depending on the power source.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for charging energy sources with a rectifier using a double-ended inverter system. An apparatus is provided for an electric drive system for a vehicle. The electric drive system comprises an electric motor configured to provide traction power to the vehicle. A first inverter is coupled to the electric motor and is configured to provide alternating current to the electric motor. A first energy source is coupled to the first inverter, wherein the first inverter is configured to provide power flow between the first energy source and the electric motor. A second inverter is coupled to the electric motor and is configured to provide alternating current to the electric motor. A rectifier is coupled to the second inverter and configured to produce a direct current output. The second inverter is configured to provide power from the rectifier to the electric motor.

Abstract: A motor driver comprises a first power supply, a second power supply, a multiplexer, and an output power module. The first power supply provides a first power signal after a first period. The second power supply provides a second power signal after a second period, where the second period is longer than the first period. The multiplexer initially selects the first power signal and then selects the second power signal. An output power module controls a motor and receives power from an output of the multiplexer.

Abstract: An uninterruptible power supply has first and second input terminals, first and second inductors, first and second AC switch units, first and second storing devices and a control unit. The first and the second inductors are electrically connected to the first and the second input terminals. The first and the second AC switch units are electrically connected to the first and the second inductors for conducting input currents. The control unit is electrically connected to the first and the second AC switch units which may be turned on and off thereby to control the first and the second inductors which charge the input currents and discharge the input currents to the first and the second storing devices.

Abstract: A motor driver comprises a first power supply, a second power supply, a multiplexer, and an output power module. The first power supply provides a first power signal after a first period. The second power supply provides a second power signal after a second period, where the second period is longer than the first period. The multiplexer initially selects the first power signal and then selects the second power signal. An output power module controls a motor and receives power from an output of the multiplexer.

Abstract: An electric drive system includes a multi-phase electric machine, multiple electrical power output stages, and devices for controlling and/or regulating the electric machine, which are connected to the electrical power output stages. At least two control units are provided for control and/or regulation, at least one power output stage group being assigned to each control unit.

Abstract: An AC power driving apparatus includes at least a DC input end, a DC motor, a plurality of AC output coils, a plurality of AC motors, a power chargeback device and a plurality of wires. The DC input end is connected to one side of the DC motor through the wires to supply driving power to the DC motor. The DC motor has another side connecting to one AC output coil through the wires to output AC power to one AC motor connected to another side of the AC output coil. The AC motor drives another AC output coil connected to one side thereof to generate amplification to be output. Thereby the another AC output coil is able to supply power to another AC motor to provide driving power.

Abstract: A system for powering a vehicle includes a DC motor adapted to be coupled to a vehicle axle when the vehicle is to be driven in reverse or forward at a speed less than a threshold, and an AC motor adapted to be coupled to vehicle axle when it is to be driven forward at a speed exceeding the threshold. An AC turbine adapted to be driven by motion of the vehicle generates an AC current for powering the AC motor when the AC turbine is coupled thereto. An operator-controlled rheostat is used to control the speed of either the AC or DC motor. A switching system uncouples the AC turbine from the AC motor and couples a battery to the DC motor through the rheostat when the vehicle is driven in reverse or forward at a speed less than the threshold. The switching system also serves to uncouple the battery from the DC motor and couple the AC turbine to the AC motor through the rheostat when the vehicle is driven forward at a speed exceeding the threshold.

Abstract: A motor is disclosed that operates on either AC outlet power or DC battery power with decreased power drop when switching between AC and DC power. The AC power to the motor may be stepped down by using a clipper circuit, while the DC power supplied to the motor may be increased by switching motor field windings from a series wound circuit to a parallel wound circuit. The motor may be used in a vacuum motor embodiment, or in other consumer devices that utilize electric motors.

Abstract: A control CPU generates, in response to a signal STON from a start key, a signal SE at H level and outputs the generated signal to a relay to render system relays ON. Accordingly, a DC power supply is connected between respective neutral points of three-phase coils. When a terminal-to-terminal voltage of a capacitor that is detected by a voltage sensor becomes equal to or higher than a voltage of the DC power supply that is detected by a voltage sensor, the control CPU generates a signal PWMPC1 or PWMPC2 and outputs the generated signal to an inverter. The inverter increases the output voltage of the DC power supply according to the signal PWMPC1 or PWMPC2 to precharge the capacitor to a predetermined voltage or higher.

Abstract: A power control system (12) for an electric motor having at least one magnetic bearing includes a DC/DC converter (18) supplied from a DC link bus (179) connected to a main power supply (14), the bus (17) supplying power for the electric motor and for a bearing actuator the converter (18) provides low voltage DC power supplies for a motor controller (23), a bearing controller (24) and a supervisory controller (26), the later monitoring the main power supply and communicating with the motor controller (23) and bearing controller (24) so as to cause the motor to operate as a generator in the event of a failure of the main power supply (14) to thereby supply power to the DC link bus (17) to maintain operation of the magnetic bearing. Circuit switching components are connected to the motor winding and selectively switched in a manner causing current generated in the motor winding to flow in one direction into the DC link bus (17) only while the winding voltage is greater than that of the DC link bus (17).

Abstract: The invention relates to a control device for a reversible, multi-phased rotating electrical machine which can operate in alternator or motor mode. The inventive device comprises a main battery (4), an electric network (5) and a unit (3) for controlling and commanding an inverter and a rectifier bridge (P) for selection in alternator mode or starter mode. According to the invention, the machine is powered by the inverter which is connected to a start-up control unit which can provide a voltage greater than that provided by the main battery (4) over the network (5). The inverter is connected to the positive terminal of the secondary voltage source via a first switch (K1) in motor mode, while the rectifier bridge (P) is connected to the positive terminal of the main battery via a second switch (K2) in alternator mode.

Abstract: A load in an electrical apparatus is driven by two motors M1, M2. Switching means (R1, R2) switches the motors M1, M2 between: a series configuration, in which the motors M1, M2 are connected in series across a power supply and driven with a dc supply; and a parallel configuration in which the motors M1, M2 are connected in parallel across the power supply and driven with an ac supply. In the series configuration, a bridge rectifier BR is switched across the ac supply to provide the dc supply for the motors M1, M2 and in the parallel configuration, the rectifier BR is removed from the circuit. The arrangement can be used to drive a drum of a washing machine or a load in some other kind of appliance.

Abstract: A motor controlling device for an AC/DC driven motor is used for an AC and DC motor. The motor controlling device comprises an AC/DC converting unit, a voltage stabilizing unit, a phase detecting/controlling unit, and a high voltage driving unit. The AC/DC converting unit receives an AC power source to convert the AC power source into a high voltage DC voltage. The voltage stabilizing unit receives the high voltage DC voltage to convert it into a low voltage DC voltage. The phase detecting/controlling unit detects a polarity of the permanent magnet to output a first detecting and a second detecting signals accordingly, so as to provide automatically a shut down protection when the motor is locked. The high voltage driving unit receives the first detecting and the second detecting signals to drive the motor accordingly.

Abstract: A rotating electrical machine, such as an aircraft starter-generator, includes an exciter that has its stator windings divided into a number of sections. A plurality of switches are electrically coupled to the exciter stator winding sections and are configured and controlled so that the exciter stator winding sections may be selectively coupled in series or in parallel with one another, and selectively coupled to receive either DC or AC power.

Abstract: A rotating electrical machine, such as an aircraft starter-generator, includes an exciter that has its stator windings divided into a number of sections. A plurality of switches are electrically coupled to the exciter stator winding sections and are configured and controlled so that the exciter stator winding sections may be selectively coupled in series or in parallel with one another, and selectively coupled to receive either DC or AC power.

Abstract: A load in an electrical apparatus is driven by two motors M1, M2. Switching means (R1, R2) switches the motors M1, M2 between: a series configuration, in which the motors M1, M2 are connected in series across a power supply and driven with a dc supply; and a parallel configuration in which the motors M1, M2 are connected in parallel across the power supply and driven with an ac supply. In the series configuration, a bridge rectifier BR is switched across the ac supply to provide the dc supply for the motors M1, M2 and in the parallel configuration, the rectifier BR is removed from the circuit. The arrangement can be used to drive a drum of a washing machine or a load in some other kind of appliance.

Abstract: An electric vehicle drive has an electric machine which can be alternatively driven as a motor or as a generator and has a d.c. connection to which a supply voltage can be applied, from a first energy source and/or a second energy source. The first energy source is designed for base load supply of the electric machine, while the second energy source comprises an energy accumulator designed for a short-term peak load supply of the electric machine. Also, vehicle braking energy can be stored by way of the electric machine in its generator operating mode. According to the invention, the second energy source in the form of an energy accumulator is coupled via a bidirectional DC/DC converter to a supply connection of the first energy source connected with the direct-voltage connection of the electric machine.

Abstract: A device and a method are disclosed for direct current voltage power supply to a traction system by means of converters from different alternating current or direct current voltages available on a power supply line. The power supply device is supplied with power by means of a first power supply element and a second power supply element connected to the power supply line. In this supply device the first power supply element is connected to the primary winding of the power supply transformer by a first connection element. The second power supply element is connected either to the power supply terminal of the traction system or to the mid-point of the series converters by a second connection element.

Abstract: An uninterruptable power supply, operating normally under power supplied by a utility, has a main motor, a smaller induction motor, and a mechanical load such as a generator coaxially coupled together. A battery is connected to the smaller induction motor through an inverter. The induction motor is normally idled at a frequency lower than that of the utility, and therefore operates as an induction generator which is used to charge the battery through the inverter. Upon utility failure, the utility line is disconnected and the induction motor is powered by the battery through the inverter. The frequency of the inverter may be increased to maintain the rotational speed of the system at a nearly constant level.

Abstract: An electric actuator return-to-normal failsafe system that utilizes a bank of storage capacitors to store electrical energy for returning an electrical actuator to a safe position in the event of a power failure. The failsafe system includes a regulator circuit that regulates the output of the storage capacitor such that a constant power output is applied to the electric actuator. The constant power output from the regulator circuit is also available to provide directional control of the actuator.

Abstract: A blower motor unit having a variable speed motor and that is suitable for direct, drop-in replacement in a residential HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) system that employs a PSC motor. The blower motor unit is provided with a neutral input and two hot AC line connections, one for connection to the heating power source and the other to the cooling power source. The blower motor unit senses which of the inputs is energized by sensing either voltage or current on at least one of the inputs, selects one of at least two reference signals in accordance with which input is energized, and presents the control input of the replacement variable speed motor with the selected reference signal, thereby controlling the speed of the variable speed motor. This motor control unit, and the method by which it selects one of two signals for application to a control input of a motor, are also independently useful to control any type of motor having at least two modes of operation.

Abstract: A solid state motor speed control is described that is capable of controlling a motor so that it operates quietly, eliminating annoying buzzing noises that would otherwise be generated by the motor's windings. The invention provides for motor speed control with infinitely variable speed control settings. Rather than use triacs that generate RFI noise and cause motor windings to buzz due to their inherent avalanche switching, the invention utilizes power FETs or IGBTs to provide the switching function to control power delivery to the motor load . The power switches are controlled by an oscillator that generates a pulse train with a duty cycle controllable by the user. A filter shapes this signal into a trapezoidal control signal that drives the gate input of the power FET or IGBT switch. A kick start circuit turns the motor on initially for two to three seconds to overcome the inertia of the motor and its load.

Abstract: A motor having windings normally energizable by electric power from an AC power supply is stopped in case of an emergency such as a failure of the AC power supply. The motor has a rotor rotatably supported by magnetic bearings out of contact therewith. The windings of the motor are normally energized by a motor driver with the electric power from the AC power supply. When the AC power supply fails, a battery power supply supplies electric power to the windings of the motor to brake the rotor and also to the magnetic bearings to continuously operate the magnetic bearings. A switching controller which includes timers and logic circuit elements controls times to supply the electric power from the battery power supply to the windings of the motor and the magnetic bearings. The switching controller has timers for controlling the times.

Abstract: A solid state motor speed control is described that is capable of controlling a motor so that it operates quietly, eliminating annoying buzzing noises that would otherwise be generated by the motor's windings. The invention provides for motor speed control with infinitely variable speed control settings. Rather than use triacs that generate RFI noise and cause motor windings to buzz due to their inherent avalanche switching, the invention utilizes power FETs or IGBTs to provide the switching function to control power delivery to the motor load. The power switches are controlled by an oscillator that generates a pulse train with a duty cycle controllable by the user. A filter shapes this signal into a trapezoidal control signal that drives the gate input of the power FET or IGBT switch. A kick start circuit turns the motor on initially for two to three seconds to overcome the inertia of the motor and its load.

Abstract: While an electric vehicle is traveling in a DC section, a ripple component detecting unit detects a ripple component appearing on a filter capacitor voltage and adds the ripple component onto an inverter frequency reference in such manner as to cancel an influence in a motor current caused by the ripple component. On the other hand, while in an AC section, a damping control component detecting unit detects a magnitude of fluctuation of a DC power supplied from a DC power line as a damping control component and adds the component, like the ripple component in the AC section, onto the inverter frequency reference in such manner as to cancel an influence in the motor current caused by the damping control component. Consequently, an output current from the inverter which is to be supplied to the induction drive motor becomes very steady of ripple-free and it improves comfort for passengers on the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A system for powering a multicurrent locomotive having 2N motors where N is greater than or equal to 2, the system comprising 2N pairs of voltage converters respectively associated with the 2N motors, each motor M.sub.i being powered by means of an inverter connected to the terminals of a parallel capacitor. When the locomotive is powered with AC, then each of the pairs forms a 4-quadrant converter in which the two portions are implemented by the secondary winding of a transformer whose primary winding is connected directly to the terminals of the AC power supply. When the locomotive is powered with DC, the switches serve to use the voltage converters either as voltage-lowering choppers or as voltage-raising choppers. The power supply system is designed in such a manner that in the event of a converter or an inverter failing, it suffices to isolate the failed element to conserve the functions that remain.

Abstract: A motor control for a treadmill has an improved, inexpensive, and simple set of power supplies, derived from the bus voltages of the DC busses with simple voltage dividers, to supply operational amplifiers connected to the positive DC voltage bus with a dual voltage supply and a common or neutral, and to provide a single voltage power supply connected to the negative bus for the driving circuitry of a motor energization switching controlling element. The dual power supply for the operational amplifiers comprises a voltage divider containing two, series connected zener diodes in series with a resistor. The one of the series connected zener diodes is connected to the positive DC voltage bus, and the resistor is connected to the negative DC voltage bus. A common connection between the two zener diodes becomes the neutral or common voltage for the operational amplifiers, and the zener diode voltages become the positive and negative supply voltages for the amplifiers.

Abstract: A flyer frame has a first AC motor for obtaining a general rotational movement of various parts of the frame and a second AC motor for obtaining only a variable component of the rotational movement of the bobbin. An inverter is provided for operating the first and second AC motor. A controller is divided into a general section for operating the frame powered by AC power source, and a winding section for obtaining a winding control of the frame. The winding control section is operated by a DC current, which is usually supplied by an outside AC source. A DC output of the inverter is connected to the winding section via a diode or relay, which usually disconnects the DC line to the winding section and which is closed upon the occurrence of the power failure, for supplying a regenerating current from the inverter to the winding section.

Abstract: This invention determines the configurations of a rotor (10) and a stator (12) and conductance periods and conductance phases of the conductance currents to obtain a smooth rotation of a variable reluctance motor as an AC servo motor. When the number of phases of a motor is m, the number of salient poles (R.sub.j) of a rotor (10) is an integer n, and the number of salient poles (S.sub.k) of a stator (12 ) is r.multidot.m, n is a whole multiple of r, and where the configuration of the stator salient pole (S.sub.k) is rectangular and the configuration of the rotor salient pole (R.sub.j) is sinusoidal, AC sine wave currents shifted by 2n.pi./(r.multidot.m) each and having two times as large a period as that of a magnetic permeance fluctuation caused by a rotation of the rotor (10), are conducted to the phases of the motor.

Abstract: A drive and recharge system is disclosed that includes a bidirectional dc power source, two voltage-fed inverters, two induction motors, and a control unit. In the drive mode, power is bidirectionally connected between the dc power source and the motors. In the recharge mode, single-phase power applied to the neutral ports of the two motors is converted with unity power factor to return energy to the dc power source. An alternate scheme is also presented which uses a single motor having two sets of windings.

Abstract: An energy storage system for a spacecraft is provided which employs a solar powered flywheel arrangement including a motor-generator which, in different operating modes, drives the flywheel and is driven thereby. A control circuit, including a threshold comparator, senses the output of a solar energy converter, and when a threshold voltage is exceeded thereby indicating the availability of solar power for the spacecraft loads, activates a speed control loop including the motor-generator so as to accelerate the flywheel to a constant speed and thereby store mechanical energy, while also supplying energy from the solar converter to the loads. Under circumstances where solar energy is not available and thus the threshold voltage is not exceeded, the control circuit deactivates the speed control loop and activates a voltage control loop that provides for operation of the motor as a generator so that mechanical energy from the flywheel is converted into electrical energy for supply to the spacecraft loads.

Abstract: An electric damper motor drive with a backup power pack is disclosed comprising a reversible electric motor operable in first and second opposite directions in response to first and second distinct forms of electrical energization, respectively. A primary power source normally supplies electrical power to energize the motor in response to a sensed environmental condition. A backup power pack is responsive to the absence of power from the primary power source to supply the first form of electrical energization to drive the motor in the first direction to a predetermined position.

Abstract: A system for simultaneously and independently controlling a plurality of electric motors from a number of dispersed stations. The system operates by transmission of duty cycle modulated selected frequencies superimposed on a DC track voltage on a common power line servicing the motors. The modulation is variable and determines the speed of the motors. Transmitters are portable and designed removably to plug into a common signal transmission cable anywhere along its length without interaction. Receivers, each tuned to a specific frequency and associated with and controlling a motor, are coupled to the common power line.

Abstract: A power transfer apparatus transfers electrical energy from a DC voltage source that may vary in potential, e.g., a solar cell array, to a load such as a DC motor connected to drive an AC motor-generator. A power transfer device couples the solar cells to the DC motor for driving the DC motor at a power level consistent with the power available from the array of solar cells. The AC motor is continuously connected to an AC line to be driven by conventional AC power. The DC motor, when operating, reduces the load on the AC motor and thereby reduces the AC power drawn or in some cases, causes the generator driven by the DC motor to return power to the AC line.

Abstract: Apparatus to control the direction of movement of a mechanism over a surface. The surface is provided with a plurality of substantially parallel strips of conductive material alternately connected to opposite terminals of a source of current supply. The mechanism has a plurality of conductive discs or wipers so disposed that at least two of the wipers contact a pair of the conductors which are each connected to oppositely disposed terminals. The mechanism also has driving means such as wheels for movement and a motor engaged through the wipers for propelling the wheels over the surface. The mechanism can move forwardly, rearwardly, laterally or in a zig-zag motion. Control means are provided between the motor and the driving means so that the direction of movement may be varied in response to the voltage across the alternate conductors engaged by the wipers.