Abstract: A technique provides power-limiting regenerative braking to a utility vehicle. The technique involves detecting that the utility vehicle is moving in a forward direction at a first speed. The technique further involves applying a first regenerative braking power level to the utility vehicle in response to detecting that the utility vehicle is moving in the forward direction at the first speed. The technique further involves detecting that the utility vehicle is moving in the forward direction at a second speed which is less than the first speed. The technique further involves applying a second regenerative braking power level to the utility vehicle in response to detecting that the utility vehicle is moving in the forward direction at the second speed. The second regenerative braking power level is lower than the first regenerative braking power level.

Abstract: To provide a contactor failure determination apparatus capable of appropriately determining failure of a contactor provided in a vehicle, a voltage sensor capable of detecting rising or dropping of a voltage of a second circuit including an external charger is provided. When an external charging request is made, a first control for closing each external charging contactor is executed, a second control for closing a pre-charge contactor is executed after execution of the first control, a third control for closing a second main contactor is executed after execution of the second control, and response to the voltage sensor detecting that the voltage of the second circuit has not risen after execution of the third control, it is determined that at least one of the external charging contactors has failed in an open state.

Abstract: A method of controlling a brushless permanent magnet motor includes determining a motor operating target. The method includes comparing the motor operating target to a set of pre-determined excitation timing parameter relationships. The method includes operating the motor in accordance with an excitation timing parameter relationship determined from the set of pre-determined excitation timing parameter relationships to provide a motor operating response close to the motor operating target. The method includes measuring a measured motor operating response, comparing the measured motor operating response to the motor operating target, and applying a correction factor to an excitation timing parameter of the motor when the measured motor operating response does not match the motor operating target, such that the measured motor operating response moves toward the motor operating target.

Abstract: A power tool, in particular a handheld power tool, for example a grinding machine, that includes a tool, an electric motor for driving the tool, and a control unit for actuating the electric motor using a motor current (MI). The control unit has a start-up mode in which the control unit actuates the electric motor in such a way that the electric motor during the start-up mode traverses a rotational speed ramp (DR), at which the rotational speed of the electric motor is increased continuously up to operating rotational speed (ADZ) The control unit is designed to adjust the gradient of the rotational speed ramp (DR) on the basis of an acquired temperature for the start-up mode and/or to adjust the intensity of the motor current (MI) on the basis of the acquired temperature for the start-up mode.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes an electric motor, driver circuitry to drive the electric motor, a temperature sensor to detect a temperature of the electric motor, and one or more processors. The one or more processors control the driver circuitry to drive the electric motor according to a predetermined voltage signal to cause the electric motor to stall and generate heat, receive information about the temperature of the electric motor detected by the temperature sensor while the electric motor is stalled, and maintain a temperature of the electric motor below a threshold temperature value while the electric motor is stalled based on the information about the temperature of the electric motor detected by the temperature sensor while the electric motor is stalled.

Abstract: An in-vehicle power supply system includes a first power storage device including one or more lithium ion secondary batteries, a second power storage device connected in parallel to the first power storage device, and a charge/discharge control device. The second power storage device includes lithium ion capacitor groups constituted by a first capacitor group including one or more lithium ion capacitors and a second capacitor group connected in parallel to the first capacitor group and including one or more lithium ion capacitors. The charge/discharge control device controls charging/discharging of the first and second power storage devices to supply electric power to a drive source of a vehicle and recovers regenerative energy of the vehicle. When the first capacitor group discharges electric power preferentially over the second capacitor group, the charge/discharge control device performs control such that the second capacitor group is charged preferentially over the first capacitor group.

Abstract: Described are systems and methods for providing fault tolerant drivers for electric motors. Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a single power electronics unit and/or ESC that is configured to drive more than one electric motor. According to exemplary embodiments, each power electronics unit and/or ESC may be connected to more than one electric motor (e.g., three electric motors, etc.) and each power electronics unit and/or ESC may be configured to drive and/or control a single phase of multiple electric motors. This can facilitate two-phase mode operation in the event of a faulty power electronics unit and/or ESC, thereby facilitating continued operation of the affected electric motors. Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can also provide alternate modes of operation for the electric motors that are operating in two-phase mode to mitigate thermal stresses that may be experienced by the power electronics and/or the electric motors during two-phase operation.

Abstract: A system includes an electronic device including a circuit having a semiconductor switch, and a switching control system operably connected to the semiconductor switch. The switching control system is configured to control a switching speed of the semiconductor switch based on a received voltage by altering at least one of a gate resistance and a gate capacitance of the semiconductor switch.

Abstract: A power conversion mechanism configured to interface between an electric energy store and an electric machine, comprising: an electronic switching device comprising a first plurality of power modules and configured to control the direction of current flow between the electric energy store and the electric machine to either a first direction or a second direction opposing the first direction; and a power inverter comprising a second plurality of power modules and configured to commutate the current flow between the electric energy store and the electric machine; wherein each power module of the electronic switching device and the power inverter comprises an identical arrangement of power components.

Abstract: Provided is a work machine capable of improving workability. The work machine is provided with: a motor 14; a first power supply unit 180 connected to a battery pack 5 and supplying a boosted power to the motor 14; and a second power supply unit 130 connected to an external AC power supply and supplying a boosted power to the motor 14. The voltage and current of the first power supply unit 180 and the voltage and current of the second power supply unit 130 can be variably controlled by a control circuit 182 and a control circuit 136, respectively. The control circuits 136, 182 perform control so that the power output from the respective first power supply unit 180 and the second power supply unit 130 is combined and supplied to the motor 14.

Abstract: A system for controlling load sharing between multiple generators mechanically coupleable to the output shaft of a prime mover is provided. The system may comprise a first processor; and at least two inverters operably connectable to at least two generators, respectively. The generators provide AC power to the respective inverter and each inverter provides DC power to a respective DC link. Each inverter may comprise a processor configured to control a respective generator. The processor may be configured to receive a common speed command from the first processor, adjust the common speed command based on a speed of the same output shaft to create a droop, determine a torque command based on the adjusted speed command and supply the determined torque command to the corresponding generator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electronic parking brake system including a motor actuator operated by an electric motor, wherein the electronic parking brake system further includes a motor driving circuit provided to drive the electric motor, and a controller configured to determine a temperature of the electric motor from a temperature of a brake disc during a parking operation, determine a target current based on the determined motor temperature, and control the electric motor depending on the determined target current.

Abstract: A method for heating a motor vehicle having a three-phase electric motor as a traction motor includes providing a pulse-controlled inverter for supplying power to the electric motor and providing a coolant circuit for cooling the electric motor and the pulse-controlled inverter using coolant, the coolant circuit using the coolant to supply heat to a heat exchanger for heating a passenger compartment and/or a vehicle battery, wherein when the electric motor is stationary, a positive d current and/or negative d current is controlled in a d-axis, with the result that heat loss is generated, the heat loss being introduced into the coolant.

Abstract: A method of catching a residual energy stored in an electric coil of a self-inducted back-EMF from an armature of a PMBLDC motor while the motor running driven by a PWM signal is disconnected from a power source and accumulating the residual energy in a storage, and sending a portion of the energy in the storage to a rechargeable power source in order to extend the rechargeable power source's run-time and achieve higher energy efficiency.

Abstract: A hybrid cooling system of an electric machine is contemplated. The hybrid cooling system includes a propeller assembly comprising a propeller, a housing comprising a stator and a rotor coupled to the propeller, and one or more capacitors, a gate drive electronics board, a cold plate, a substrate, power electronics coupled to substrate and the cold plate, a pump for pumping liquid coolant, and a heat exchanger. The liquid coolant from the pump contacts the gate drive electronics board, the cold plate, the substrate, and the power electronics for cooling the gate drive electronics board, the cold plate, the substrate, and the power electronics, and the propeller is configured to generate air that cools the stator and the rotor.

Abstract: A power control system for an electric vehicle comprises N power inverters configured to connect to a battery system of the electric vehicle. Each of the N power inverters includes a plurality of power switches, where N is an integer greater than one. The N power inverters are configured to connect to stator phase windings of N electric machines, respectively. A controller is configured to determine a switching frequency for the N electric machines and (N?1) phase offsets for (N?1) ones of the N electric machines, generate a set of pulse width modulation (PWM) switching signals at the switching frequency for a first one of the N power inverters, and output (N?1) sets of PWM switching signals to the (N?1) ones of the N electric machines based on the set of PWM switching signals and the (N?1) phase offsets.

Abstract: A power tool communication system including an external device including a first controller configured to transmit, via wireless communication to a power tool, configuration data including a work light duration parameter value and a work light brightness parameter value. The power tool includes a housing, a brushless direct current (DC) motor, a trigger, a work light, a wireless communication circuit configured to wirelessly communicate with the external device to receive the configuration data, and a second controller configured to control a work light duration of the work light based on the work light duration parameter value, and control a work light brightness of the work light based on the work light brightness parameter value.

Abstract: A battery pack is configured to supply electric power to an electric work machine, such as a power tool or outdoor power equipment. The battery pack includes a first battery-signal terminal and a second battery-signal terminal. The first battery-signal terminal outputs, to the electric work machine, a first signal indicating that discharging is to be prohibited or permitted. The second battery-signal terminal outputs, to the electric work machine, a second signal indicating that discharging is to be prohibited or permitted. Thus, two communication paths are provided for transmitting signals to permit or prohibit discharging of the battery pack.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric propulsion system (100) for a vehicle (1), said system comprising a first electrical machine (12) and a second electrical machine (14) for providing propulsion to said vehicle, characterized in that said system further comprises an electrically isolated coupling assembly (20) configured to provide electrical isolation between said first and said second electrical machines; a first bidirectional DC/AC converter (68) disposed in a first electrical connection (82) extending from the first electrical machine; a second bidirectional DC/AC converter (69) disposed in a second electrical connection (84) extending from the second electrical machine; a switch assembly (30) connected via at least one of the bidirectional DC/AC converters to at least one of the first and second electrical machines and further connected to an onboard energy storage system (40); and wherein said switch assembly is configured to connect at least one of the first electrical machine and the second electric

Abstract: A portable tool, such as a spreader tool, cutting tool or combination spreading/cutting tool is for mobile use. The tool has an electric motor, a rechargeable battery received on the tool, a mechanically or hydraulically driven, displaceable piston rod for performing spreading and/or cutting and/or lifting or pressing. An electronic control and regulation unit controls/regulates the electric motor, such as a brushless DC motor. The electronic control and regulation unit specifies a first operating mode in which the electric motor is operated at a first frequency, and a second operating mode in which the electric motor is operated at a second frequency. The operating mode is switchable by an operator of the tool using a manually operable switch between the first and the second operating modes. The rotational speed of a three-phase current electric motor is higher at the second frequency than at the first frequency.

Abstract: A power supply unit for a surgical instrument operated by an electric motor includes a battery-receiving housing separate and spaced apart from the surgical instrument. A fastening means or retainer fastens or retains the power supply unit to a body part of an operator. At least one power supply unit supplies power to at least one motor system. A control and monitoring device performs and/or monitors at least one function. A cable connection connects a cable for electrically coupling the power supply unit to a surgical instrument for operating the motor system thereof and/or for transmitting data and/or operating parameters.

Abstract: An electronic voltage supply system includes a first battery string providing an electrical medium voltage at a first battery output and a second battery string providing the medium voltage at a second battery output. A potential distributor has a plurality of electrical low-voltage connections, each of which is connectable to the first and/or battery strings via a voltage transformer unit. The voltage transformer unit reduces the medium voltage provided by the first or second battery string to a low voltage. The system also includes first and second medium-voltage paths, which can be or is electrically connected to the first and/or second battery string and a first or second medium-voltage connection at which the medium voltage generated by the first or second battery string is provided. The system further includes a bridge circuit that connects the first medium voltage connection and the at least one second medium-voltage terminal to the first and/or second battery string.

Abstract: Linear electric motor comprising a stator comprising a plurality of stator segments and a drive system comprising at least one pair of drive units, a first drive unit of said pair connected to a first stator segment and a second drive unit of said pair connected to a second stator segment adjacent the first stator segment, the drive units connected to a DC voltage source, each drive unit comprising a DC input circuit section and a multi-level inverter connected to the DC voltage source via the DC input section, the multi-level inverter comprising a multiphase output connected to coils of the corresponding stator segment. The DC circuit section of the drive units comprises at least two link capacitors (C1, C2) connected between a positive and a negative voltage supply line (V+, V?) and having a mid-point therebetween.

Abstract: A power converting apparatus includes: a rectifying unit configured to rectify an input AC power, a buck converter that is configured to step down a voltage of the rectified power and that is configured to output DC power having the step down voltage, a first inverter that is connected to an output terminal of the buck converter and that is configured to convert the DC power into AC power to drive a first motor, a second inverter that is connected to the output terminal of the buck converter, that is disposed in parallel to the first inverter, and that is configured to convert the DC power into AC power to drive a second motor, and a converter controller configured to control an output voltage of the DC power of the buck converter.

Abstract: A plus-side main connection line (27) connects electrical equipment (21), (22) to a plus terminal (26A) of a battery (26). A plus-side isolating switch (28) is provided in the plus-side main connection line (27) to connect or disconnect the electrical equipment (21), (22) and or from the plus terminal (26A) of the battery (26). A plus-side auxiliary connection line (30) connects a urea SCR controller (25) to the plus terminal (26A) of the battery (26) in a position upstream of the plus-side isolating switch (28). A minus-side main connection line (32) connects a minus terminal (26B) of the battery (26) to ground. A minus-side isolating switch (33) is provided in the minus-side main connection line (32) to connect or disconnect the minus terminal (26B) of the battery (26) and or from ground.

Abstract: An energy conversion device is provided. The energy conversion device includes a reversible pulse-width modulation (PWM) rectifier (102) and a motor coil (103). The motor coil (103) includes L sets of winding units, and each set of winding unit is connected with the reversible PWM rectifier (102), where L?2 and is a positive integer. At least two sets of heating circuits of a to-be-heated device are formed by an external power supply (100), the reversible PWM rectifier (102), and the winding units in the motor coil (103). The energy conversion device controls the reversible PWM rectifier (102) according to a control signal, so that a current outputted from the external power supply (100) flows through at least two sets of winding units in the motor coil (103) to generate heat.

Abstract: A power supply device disposes an end plate at each end of a battery stack in a stacked direction of the battery stack, and couples a binding bar to the end plate, so as to fix battery cells. The binding bar includes a plate-shaped bar that extends in the stacked direction of the battery stack, and an engagement block that is fixed to the plate-shaped bar and protrudes as a face opposing an outer peripheral face of the end plate. The End plate includes a fitting part to which the engagement block is guided, and a stopper. The fitting part is disposed on the outer peripheral face of the end plate. The stopper is disposed closer to the battery stack with respect to the fitting part, and abuts the engagement block.

Abstract: A charging control method for an electric vehicle is configured to boost a charging voltage by using a motor and an inverter, and includes steps of determining whether a current imbalance control is normally operated based on currents input from the motor to three-phase inputs of the inverter during charging, determining whether a current sensor is deteriorated based on a result of an internal temperature sensing of the inverter when the current imbalance control is in a normal operation, and adjusting a scale of the current sensor to maintain the charging, when a deterioration of the current sensor is detected, as a result of the determination.

Abstract: A motor driving apparatus which drives a motor including a plurality of windings corresponding to a plurality of phases, respectively, includes: a first inverter including a plurality of first switching elements and connected to a first end of each of the windings; a second inverter including a plurality of second switching elements and connected to a second end of each of the windings; and a controller obtaining a vector corresponding to a voltage command of the motor by combining switching vectors which cause difference between a common mode voltage of the first inverter and a common mode voltage of the second inverter to be zero and configured to control the plurality of first switching elements and the plurality of second switching elements in a pulse width modulation method based on the obtained vector.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a motor, an inverter, a first power storage device, with a large-capacity characteristic, a second power storage device, with a high-power characteristic, a power converter and a circuit. The power converter has a voltage step down function during power driving. In the circuit, the power converter is connected to the first power storage device and the second power storage device. Thus, the first power storage device and the second power storage device are parallel to each other. During the power driving of the motor, the power converter steps down an output voltage of the first power storage device to supply energy from the first power storage device and the second power storage device to the inverter.

Abstract: A motor driving device for driving a motor having multiple windings corresponding to multiple phases, respectively, may include: a first inverter including multiple first switching elements and connected to a first end of each of the multiple windings; a second inverter including multiple second switching elements and connected a second end of each of the multiple windings; a third switching element configured to connect/disconnect points, at which the number of turns of each of the multiple windings is partitioned based on a predetermined ratio, to/from each other; and a controller configured to control, based on the required output of the motor, an on/off state of the first switching elements to the third switching element.

Abstract: A diagnostic method of a three-phase AC motor including: applying predetermined voltage in an order of first, second, and third current paths among three current paths in which current flows from a first phase winding to a second phase winding, from the second phase winding to a third phase winding, from the third phase winding to the first phase winding, respectively, via a neutral point; and detecting an abnormality based on current values flowing in these paths, wherein the second current path is a path in which a rate of change of generated torque to change of the rotation angle at a current rotation angle of the motor is greatest among the three paths, and a rotation direction of the motor when the first current path is energized is a direction in which an absolute value of torque generated when starting energization of the second current path decreases.

Abstract: A vehicle has a drive system that includes a battery, two inverters, an electric machine, and switches. The vehicle also has a controller that, responsive to charge mode, operates the switches to couple one of the inverters to a charge port and operates at least one of the inverters such that DC current from the charge port sequentially flows through the one of the inverters, the electric machine, and the other of the inverters to the battery.

Abstract: Example methods, apparatuses, and/or articles of manufacture are disclosed that may be implemented, in whole or in part, as techniques to transition between and/or among safety states of an electric motor driver unit (EMDU).

Abstract: An electric working machine in one aspect of the present disclosure includes a motor and a controller. The motor is configured to be electrically coupled to a battery pack and to be driven with electric power from the battery pack. The controller is configured to acquire an internal resistance information of the battery pack and to change control of the motor based on the internal resistance information acquired.

Abstract: A method for controlling the longitudinal dynamics of a vehicle, where the vehicle has a friction brake system brakes, a drive system with an electromotive drive acting on at least one wheel, and a battery for supplying power to the electromotive drive determines state information which describes the state of the vehicle and/or the state of the brake system and/or of the drive system. Route information is determined which describes the route profile of the vehicle. An action plan for implementing a future braking request by the friction brakes and/or the electromotive drive on the basis of the state information and the route information is determined. The action plan specifies, for future times and/or areas on the route, whether a braking request of the vehicle is to be implemented by means of the friction brake and/or the drive system and implements a braking request accordingly.

Abstract: A charging system and method using a motor driving system which can charge a vehicle battery using charging equipment providing various voltages using a motor driving system provided in a vehicle and improve charging efficiency by selectively determining a charging mode in response to an actual voltage state of the vehicle battery.

Abstract: An external force estimation device is configured to estimate an external force acting on a motor. The external force estimation device includes a processor. The processor is configured to: calculate an output torque of the motor by using a value of a current supplied to the motor; estimate an inertia torque of the motor by using rotational position information of the motor; estimate a first friction torque of the motor by using the rotational position information of the motor; perform temperature-based correction for the first friction torque by using temperature information of the motor; and estimate the external force by subtracting the inertia torque and the first friction torque after the temperature-based correction from the output torque.

Abstract: A vehicle having one or more pneumatic wheels, the vehicle including an internal combustion engine including a cylinder and an intake manifold in fluid communication with the cylinder, a tire inflation system configured to direct air into at least one of the one or more inflatable wheels, an air assembly configured to supply air at a first pressure higher than atmospheric pressure to both the intake manifold and the tire inflation system, where the air assembly includes a first compressor stage and a second compressor stage.

Abstract: A rotating machine power conversion device is obtained which achieves operational continuation in a rotational speed range in which the operational continuation is enabled, even when a single phase of an electrical power conversion device made of switching devices causes a disconnection or turn-off failure. The rotating machine power conversion device comprises: a normality-case/abnormality-case current control device selection device for transferring between a normality-case current control device and an abnormality-case current control device in accordance with a determination result of an abnormality determination device; and an abnormality-case current control device/power conversion halt device selection device, using a rotational speed calculation device, for transferring between the abnormality-case current control device used when a rotational speed is lower than that being prespecified, and the power conversion halt device used when a rotational speed is higher than that being prespecified.

Abstract: A battery system for a motor vehicle or other system includes a voltage bus with positive and negative bus rails, and first and second battery packs. The battery packs are arranged between and connected to rails. High-voltage switches are collectively configured to selectively interconnect the battery packs in a series or parallel battery arrangement. The switches include a pair of mutually-exclusive three-way/two-position contactors each having a series connection position and parallel connection position corresponding to the respective series and parallel battery arrangements. An electric powertrain includes an electrical load connected to the battery system, and a controller coupled to the switches. In response to a battery mode selection signal, the controller selectively transitions the contactors from the series connection position to the parallel connection position, or vice versa. A motor vehicle includes road wheels, a body, and the electric powertrain.

Abstract: A pedal drive system, in particular for an electric vehicle or a training apparatus, and for generating electrical power from muscle power of a user with at least one pedal and an electric generator, connected mechanically with said at least one pedal, is provided. To improve the haptic feel and feedback at the pedal, a control unit is provided for controlling a feedback torque, applied at said pedal, wherein the control unit comprises a haptic renderer, configured for control of said feedback torque based on at least one user-defined pedal reference trajectory.

Abstract: A system for battery management for electric aircraft batteries includes an energy storage system configured to provide energy to the electric aircraft via a power supply connection, the energy storage system including: a battery pack, a sensor configured to detect a condition parameter of the battery pack and generate a battery datum based on the condition parameter, a pack monitoring unit (PMU) configured to receive the battery datum, and a high voltage disconnect configured to terminate the power supply connection between the battery pack and the electric aircraft; a high voltage bus electrically connected to the high voltage disconnect; a primary functional display configured to display information based on battery datum; and a first controller area network (CAN) bus and a second CAN bus communicatively connected to the PMU, the high voltage bus, and the primary functional display.

Abstract: An aircraft with electric or hybrid propulsion which includes an electrical installation including at least a first electrical network and at least a second electrical network operating at a voltage higher than that of the first electrical network. This second electrical network includes at least an electrical-energy distribution system, at least a reversible electric motor for aircraft propulsion directly or indirectly connected to the electrical-energy distribution system, at least a reversible electrical system directly or indirectly connected to the electrical-energy distribution system, and a safety unit positioned as close as possible to each electric motor and to each reversible electrical system.

Abstract: A drive circuit comprising a DC bus configured to supply power to a load, a first fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a first power output to the DC bus, and a second fuel cell coupled to the DC bus and configured to provide a second power output to the DC bus supplemental to the first fuel cell. The drive circuit further includes an energy storage device coupled to the DC bus and configured to receive energy from the DC bus when a combined output of the first and second fuel cells is greater than a power demand from a load, and provide energy to the DC bus when the combined output of the first and second fuel cells is less than the power demand from the load.

Abstract: Used batteries are screened based on a measured Constant-Current Impulse Ratio. A used battery is charged using a Constant Current (CC) until a voltage target is reached, and the current integrated to obtain the CC charge applied, QCC. Then the battery continues to be charged using a Constant Voltage (CV) of the voltage target until the charging current falls to a minimum current target. The current is integrated over the CV period to obtain the CV charge applied, QCV. The measured CCIR is the ratio of QCC to (QCC+QCV). The measured CCIR is input to a calibration curve function to obtain a modeled State of Health (SOH) value. The used battery is sorted for reuse or disposal based on the modeled SOH value. The calibration curve function is obtained by aging new batteries to obtain CCIR and SOH data that are modeled using a neural network.

Abstract: An electric power supply system includes a battery, an electric power receiving apparatus that is coupled to the battery in parallel with a load and receives and supplies external electric power to the battery, a switching apparatus that allows or cuts off connection of the electric power receiving apparatus and the load to the battery and is switchable between a normal state and a current suppression state when the connection is allowed, and a control apparatus that permits a load driving mode if the external electric power is receivable. In the load driving mode, the control apparatus controls an electrical connection state of the electric power supply system to a first connection state in which the electric power receiving apparatus and the load are coupled to the battery via the switching apparatus in the current suppression state, depending on output electric power of the electric power receiving apparatus.

Abstract: A motor actuator of the present invention includes, between a battery and an inverter, a first solid state relay and a second solid state relay in which directions of parasitic diodes are opposite to each other. When supply of power from the battery to the inverter is to be interrupted, the first solid state relay is brought into an OFF state or all of a plurality of field effect transistors are brought into the OFF state, and then the second solid state relay is brought into the OFF state.

Abstract: A bicycle drive unit includes a motor, a second electronic controller and a communication circuit. The motor is configured to assist in propulsion of a bicycle. The second electronic controller controls the motor. The communication circuit is configured to communicate with an operation device that operates a bicycle electric component. The second electronic controller is operable in a third state, in which the motor is drivable, and a fourth state, which consumes less power than the third state and does not drive the motor. The second electronic controller is configured to switch an operation state from the fourth state to the third state upon the communication circuit receiving an input signal while the second electronic controller is operated in the fourth state.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes an electrical machine positioned at least partially inward of a core airflow path, the electrical machine including an electrical rotor component and an electrical stator component, a connecting member positioned between the electrical machine and a rotary member, a disconnection device that is positionable between a disengaged position, in which the disconnection device is disengaged from the connecting member, and an engaged position, in which the disconnection device is engaged with the connecting member, and a controller including a processor, where the processor receives a signal from the electrical machine indicative of a fault, and in response to receiving the signal from the electrical machine indicative of the fault, directs the disconnection device to move from the disengaged position to the engaged position.