Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting an improper voltage levels between a hardware emulator and an auxiliary hardware device are provided. In various implementations, a voltage level detector is attached to a bus that connects an emulator with an auxiliary hardware device. Subsequently, the voltage level detector can be used to detect when operating conditions on the bus are outside specification. More specifically, when the voltage level on the bus falls outside a threshold level, the voltage level detector may be used to alert a user, pause operation of the emulator or both.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for moving a gate a distance in a predetermined period of time. In one embodiment the current load for an electric motor to move a gate is first measured to determine whether the gate's motion is being hindered or helped. A microprocessor then controls voltage supplied to the motor to enhance or retard the evolved power of the motor according to the load and the predetermined time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for moving a gate a distance in a predetermined period of time. In one embodiment the current load for an electric motor to move a gate is first measured to determine whether the gate's motion is being hindered or helped. A microprocessor then controls voltage supplied to the motor to enhance or retard the evolved power of the motor according to the load and the predetermined time.

Abstract: An electric motor is rotated at a velocity &ohgr;1. After that, during &Dgr;t12 seconds, the 1st acceleration is executed at a rate (&ohgr;2−&ohgr;1)/&Dgr;t12. During this acceleration, the torque &tgr;m is calculated so as to execute the time integration. After the lapse of &Dgr;t12, the integrated result is stored. Next, the velocity is set to be &ohgr;3. After that, during &Dgr;t34 seconds, the 2nd acceleration is executed at a rate (&ohgr;4−&ohgr;3)/&Dgr;t34. At the 2nd acceleration, although the integration-starting and the integration-terminating velocities are each equal to those at the 1st acceleration, the acceleration rate is modified (&ohgr;3=&ohgr;1, &ohgr;4=&ohgr;2, &Dgr;t12≠&Dgr;t34). During this acceleration, the torque &tgr;m is calculated so as to execute the time integration, after the lapse of &Dgr;t34, storing the integrated result. The inertia J is calculated using the 1st and 2nd integrated results.

Abstract: A method and system for estimating an inertia of 2-mass system constituted by a motor and a load connected through a torsionable shaft during operation. The estimating method is implemented as follows: (a) obtaining a deviation between a motor speed preset value and a motor speed in a deviation section; (b) inputting the deviation from the deviation section into an adding section through a speed control amplifier; (c) obtaining a motor generating torque by inputting the output from the speed control amplifier and the load torque estimate into an adding section; (e) inputting the motor generating torque into a model of the 2-mass system; and (f) obtaining an inertia error by inputting the load torque estimate into the inertia error estimating section. With this method, it becomes possible to estimate the inertia of the 2-mass system even if the load inertia is varied during operation.

Abstract: A bar code scanner which is responsive to the movement of the scanner to activate its light source. The scanner includes a motor having a moving member which is set in motion when the scanner is displaced from a rest position. The moving member generates a voltage in a coil, which activates the operation of the bar code scanner.

Abstract: The torque gain of an electric motor assisted power steering system is modified as a function of the estimated level of road load friction such that the relationship between the operator exerted steering torque and the resulting rate of steer is substantially insensitive to a reduction in the level of road load. The road load is estimated as a function of the operator exerted steering torque, the torque assist provided by the electric motor, and the resulting steer rate.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an electric motor vehicle includes a control system to increase the duty cycle of a chopper circuit driving an electric drive motor of the vehicle when a spontaneous backward movement takes place upon starting of the vehicle at an uphill gradient, thereby to increase the armature and field current of the drive motor and hence the counter current braking effort or so-called plugging effort. The control apparatus assures a reliable starting of the vehicle even at an uphill gradient road.

Abstract: A control device for electronic apparatus is provided with a d.c. ironless motor coupled to a manually rotatable knob. As the knob is rotated a digital signal representative of the rotation is derived from the back e.m.f. of the motor.

Abstract: A control device which is suitable for use with electronic apparatus is used to scan a range of signal or data values, such as a frequency spectrum, and to cease scanning when a selected parameter is found. The scanning operation is driven by a d.c. ironless motor which, once it has been initially spun by hand, continues to rotate until the selected parameter is detected.