Abstract: A linear charger includes a constant current charging circuit and a thermal regulation circuit. The constant current charging circuit is arranged to generate a charging current, and includes a first transconductance amplifier, wherein the first transconductance amplifier has a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and an output terminal. The thermal regulation circuit is coupled to the output terminal and the negative terminal of the first transconductance amplifier, and is arranged to generate and modulate a thermal regulation current and an amplifier reference voltage with temperature, and transmit the thermal regulation current and the amplifier reference voltage to the output terminal and the negative terminal of the first transconductance amplifier, respectively.

Abstract: A charging circuit includes at least two charging chips for charging a battery of an electronic device. Each of the at least two charging chips is configured to operate in an independent charging mode. Each charging chip includes a first voltage sampling end and a second voltage sampling end for collecting voltage information of the battery, and each charging chip is configured for independent charging according to the collected voltage information. The first voltage sampling end and the second voltage sampling end are respectively connected to two poles of the battery.

Abstract: In an example, a computing apparatus includes a hardware platform, having a processor and a memory, and instructions encoded within the memory to instruct the processor to receive a peak power demand for a landing maneuver of a VTOL aircraft powered at least partly by a battery, receive flight profile data for a flight profile of the VTOL aircraft, and configuration data for the VTOL aircraft, estimate power consumption of the flight profile in context of the configuration, and estimate a peak power capacity available for the landing maneuver, and provide an error notice if the peak power capacity does not meet the peak power demand.

Abstract: Devices and methods described herein facilitate rapid wireless recharging, while reducing risk of injury, damage, or discomfort caused by heat generated during recharging. The embodiments described herein are useful in a variety of context, including for IoT devices, personal electronics, electric vehicles, and medical devices, among others.

Abstract: A method for managing a battery includes obtaining a first plurality of battery parameters with respect to a first charging or discharging cycle of the battery; obtaining a second plurality of battery parameters with respect to a second charging or discharging cycle of the battery; determining a relative entropy by comparing the first plurality of battery parameters measured during the first charging or discharging cycle and the second plurality of battery parameters measured during the second charging or discharging cycle; and estimating a relative entropy value to predict a number of cycles after which a battery capacity is predicted to drop.

Abstract: A wireless charging control method, includes: acquiring a temperature of a wireless charging transmitter and a temperature of a charging terminal; generating a temperature adjustment instruction based on the temperature of the wireless charging transmitter and the temperature of the charging terminal; and according to the temperature adjustment instruction, controlling the temperature adjustment component in the wireless charging transmitter to adjust temperatures, so that the temperature of the wireless charging transmitter and the temperature of the charging terminal are within a set temperature range.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a battery column and a liquid cooling tube. The battery column includes at least two batteries, and the batteries are arranged in a first direction. The liquid cooling tube is disposed on a surface of the battery column and is configured to dissipate heat for the batteries. The liquid cooling tube includes cooling portions, and the cooling portions are portions having orthographic projections on the battery column. The orthographic projections of the cooling portions on the battery column are cooling regions. The cooling portions extend in a second direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the first direction.

Abstract: A battery pack can include one or more cells. The battery pack can include at least one temperature sensor configured to obtain a temperature measurement indicative of a temperature of at least cell of the one or more cells. The battery pack can include a controller, the controller configured to be placed in signal communication with a battery charger. The controller can be configured to perform operations. The operations can include obtaining the temperature measurement from the at least one temperature sensor. The operations can include determining, based at least in part on the temperature measurement, that the temperature of the at least one cell is between a lower temperature threshold and an upper temperature threshold.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure relate to predictive vehicle battery temperature regulation. A device implementing the subject technology may include a processor configured to obtain different types of data associated with a route projection of a vehicle. The processor can determine a thermal demand projection of the vehicle that maps to the route projection based on the different types of data. The processor also can adjust a temperature of a battery of the vehicle to within a predefined temperature range based on the thermal demand projection for the route projection.

Abstract: A battery system includes a non-reference battery cell; a reference battery cell including a cathode, an anode, and a reference electrode; a potential measuring means configured to measure a reference potential of the anode relative to the reference electrode, of the reference battery cell, and to generate a signal corresponding to the reference potential; and a controlling means configured to receive the signal and to reduce, during a charging process of the battery system, a charging current applied to the battery system when the signal indicates that the reference potential is below a predetermined threshold voltage. The non-reference battery cell may be disposed at a first position in the battery system, and the reference battery cell may be disposed at a second position in the battery system, the second position being a position that has a lowest temperature, among the first and second positions, during the charging process.

Abstract: A battery backup unit module is dimensioned to fit on a height of one rack unit of an electronic rack, and one third of a shelf width of the electronic rack. A cell pack of the battery backup unit module has batteries arranged parallel to the front of the electronic rack. There are 14 groups of battery cells. Each group of battery cells has six battery cells connected in parallel. The 14 groups of battery cells are connected in series. The 14 groups are arranged as two groups in width of the cell pack, one group in height of the cell pack, and seven groups in depth of the cell pack. In each group, the six battery cells are arranged as an upper row three cells deep and a lower row three cells deep.

Abstract: A rail vehicle has a vehicle frame, supported on track undercarriages, and a vehicle superstructure with at least one driver's cabin. A motive drive is provided and has an electric motor supplied by an electric energy store. In this, it is provided that the energy store has a tempering by use of a liquid dielectric, and that the vehicle superstructure includes a compartment, separated from the driver's cabin, in which the electric energy store is arranged within at least one fire protection cabinet with a dielectric tank located there above.

Abstract: An abnormality detection device includes: a voltage value acquisition unit configured to acquire a voltage value of each battery cells, a state value measurement unit configured to measure a state value inside a battery pack, which is different from a temperature of each battery cell, and an abnormality determination unit configured to determine an abnormality of the battery pack. The abnormality determination unit includes: a voltage value comparison unit configured to compare the voltage value with a predetermined voltage threshold value, and a state value comparison unit configured to compare at least one of the state value and a degree of change in the state value per unit time with a predetermined state threshold value. The abnormality determination unit is configured to determine an abnormality of the battery pack based on both a voltage value comparison result and a state value comparison result.

Abstract: The described technology provides an apparatus including a power supply unit (PSU) and a PSU control system stored in the memory and executable by the one or more processor units, the PSU control system encoding computer-executable instructions on the memory for executing on the one or more processor units a computer process, the computer process including receiving internal temperatures of the PSU over a duration of time, determining multiple exponential weighted moving average (EWMAs) of the internal temperature of the PSU for the duration of time, comparing the EWMA with a temperature threshold associated with the duration of time, and based at least in part on determining that EWMA exceeds the temperature threshold associated with the duration of time, limiting the output power of a charger using a charger current limit input to the charger.

Abstract: A portable computing device including a central processing unit (CPU) and a controller is provided. The controller is coupled between the CPU, a graphics processing unit, and a battery module. The controller determines whether to adjust performance of the CPU and the graphics processing unit according to at least one of a battery capacity, a battery power, a battery current, a battery voltage, or a battery temperature of the battery module.

Abstract: A smart battery includes a battery and a measurement module coupled to measure electrical characteristics of the battery. The smart battery also includes processing logic and a communication interface configured to receive the electrical characteristics and transmit the electrical characteristics to a receiver.

Abstract: A temperature controlled enclosure that includes a temperature control device for controlling the temperature within an internal cavity of the temperature controlled enclosure. The temperature controlled enclosure also includes one or more charging ports for receiving and charging a battery pack. A controller within the temperature controlled enclosure controls the temperature within the internal cavity to a predetermined or desired temperature (e.g., 20° C.). When a battery pack is received in the one or more charging ports, the temperature of the battery pack can be determined. If, for example, the temperature of the battery pack is below 0° C., the battery pack is allowed to warm up inside the temperature controlled enclosure before the battery pack is charged.

Abstract: This application relates to a battery module, a device, and a failure handling method for a failed battery cell. The battery module includes: battery cells, where each battery cell includes a housing, a top cover, and an electrode assembly, the housing is connected to the top cover, the housing includes a first accommodation cavity, the electrode assembly is located inside the first accommodation cavity, the top cover is provided with a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal, and the battery cells further include a failed battery cell; and a conductive component, connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the failed battery cell. After being connected to the electrode terminals, the conductive component does not occupy space outside the failed battery cell, improving safety of the battery module.

Abstract: An electrical wiring device for delivering power to multiple mobile devices including: a housing having a faceplate; a first power delivery port accessible through the faceplate; a second power delivery accessible through the faceplate; an AC/DC converter disposed in the housing and configured to receive an AC signal from a connection to a source of AC mains power and to output a DC signal; a first DC/DC converter disposed in the housing and configured to receive the DC signal and provide a first DC output signal having a first power to a first power delivery port; a second DC/DC converter disposed in the housing and configured to receive the DC signal and provide a second DC output signal having a second power to a second power delivery port; wherein the first DC output signal is different from the second DC output signal.

Abstract: Techniques for estimating the temperature of an external portion of a medical device are described. In an example, processing circuitry may determine a temperature sensed by at least one temperature sensor of an internal portion of the device, and determine, based on an algorithm that incorporates the temperature of the internal portion of the device, an estimated temperature of a second portion of the device, wherein the algorithm is representative of an estimated temperature difference between the first portion of the device and the second portion of the device based at least in part on a dynamic transfer function that operates in a time-domain.

Abstract: A charging method and a charging device are provided. The charging method is configured to charge a battery. A charging process of the battery includes at least one constant current stage, and the at least one constant current stage includes a first constant current stage. The method includes: determining an open circuit voltage of the battery; and in the first constant current stage, charging the battery with a first current until the open circuit voltage of the battery reaches a first cut-off voltage, the first cut-off voltage being less than or equal to a standard limited charging voltage of the battery.

Abstract: A charger includes a first connection portion, a second connection portion, a power-supply circuit, an integration circuit, a storage device, a first calculation circuit, a threshold setting circuit, a detection circuit, and a reduction circuit. The power-supply circuit includes a heat-generating component. At a start of charging a battery, the first calculation circuit calculates a first detection threshold candidate based on a first correspondence data (or a first correlation data). The first detection threshold candidate corresponds to a first temperature threshold that is calculated, with a calculated integrated capacity assigned to a battery capacity, based on the first correspondence data. The threshold setting circuit sets the first detection threshold candidate as a detection threshold. The reduction circuit performs reduction of a charging current value in response to a detected temperature of the heat-generating component having become higher than or equal to the detection threshold.

Abstract: A battery pack enclosure, a battery module, and a method are provided to detect damage to in a crash event. The battery pack enclosure may include a plurality of battery modules, wherein each battery modules includes a plurality of adjacent battery cells. The battery pack enclosure may also include a sensor and an electronic control unit electronically connected to the sensor, the electronic control unit configured to monitor the sensor to detect damage to the battery pack enclosure. The sensor may comprise a mesh of resistive wires, and the electronic control unit monitors the overall resistance of the mesh resistive wires. The overall resistance of the mesh resistive wires can be used to determine whether there is damage to the battery pack enclosure. If damage is detected, the damage can further be located, and an alert sent.

Abstract: A battery pack which has cell units in which top-side and bottom-side battery cells are connected in series, and is capable of switching the connection state of the cell units, wherein a control unit monitors voltage imbalances between the plurality of cell units, and also monitors whether or not a cell unit contact failure has occurred. In order to stop a charging/discharging when a contact failure occurs, a signal (abnormality stoppage signal or charging stoppage signal) for stopping discharge is produced and outputted to the electrical device body-side.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device. The electronic device includes a battery, a charging part configured to be connectable to an external charging device to charge the battery, a memory, and a processor operatively connected to the charging part and the memory. The processor may determine whether the charging part is connected to the external charging device, determine whether the electronic device moves and/or electronic device usage time information of a user, and reduce a voltage at which the battery enters supplementary charging to a second voltage lower than a first voltage which corresponds to a value stored in the memory, based on whether the electronic device moves and/or the electronic device usage time information. In addition, it is possible to implement various other embodiments understood through the disclosure.

Abstract: A diagnostic device for a battery includes a measurement unit configured to acquire a current value and a voltage value of the battery, and a diagnostic unit configured to calculate an internal resistance value of the battery based on the current value and the voltage value acquired by the measurement unit, and diagnose the battery based on the internal resistance value. The diagnostic unit is configured to cause the battery to perform discharge at a first current value and a second current value smaller than a predetermined target current value during a first period and a second period shorter than a predetermined target period, respectively, estimate the internal resistance value when the battery is caused to perform the discharge at the target current value during the target period, and diagnose the battery.

Abstract: A chargeable power of the battery is calculated based on a voltage and charge upper-limit voltage of a battery; the chargeable power and outputtable power of the charger are compared and a lower power is calculated as a first charge power; a timing that the battery temperature reaches a predetermined limit is calculated as a first timing; based on the temperature, surrounding temperature, and charge current when charging with the first charge power, a second charge power limited according to the battery temperature is calculated; by referencing a map, a charge time that comes after the first timing is calculated as a second charge time based on the state of the battery when the first timing is reached and the second charge power; and time obtained by adding the second charge time to the first charge time until the first timing is reached is calculated as the total charge time.

Abstract: A temperature-sensitive battery connector is disclosed. The connector can include a connector body and at least one conductor mounted to the connector body and configured to convey a current signal used to measure voltage from a battery pack or battery cell to a battery management system (BMS). The connector can include a thermal switching device mounted to the connector body and thermally coupled to a terminal of a battery pack or a battery cell. The thermal switching device can be configured to provide an overtemperature signal to the BMS by changing or interrupting a current conducted by at least one conductor when a temperature of the battery pack or battery cell exceeds a threshold temperature.

Abstract: A battery module with a plurality of battery cells is disclosed, comprising a first temperature control member and second temperature control member, which are connected together directly thermally conductively in places, wherein the plurality of battery cells is connected directly thermally conductively with the second temperature control member and at least one switchably configured Peltier element connected thermally conductively with the first temperature control member and the second temperature control member is arranged between the first temperature control member and the second temperature control member, wherein a control device is configured to drive the at least one Peltier element in such a way that, when switched on, the at least one Peltier element transfers heat from the second temperature control member to the first temperature control member or heat from the first temperature control member to the second temperature control member.

Abstract: A wireless charging device has a controller and at least one coil that is positioned near the surface of the charging device and configured to transmit an electromagnetic field and a first driver circuit configured to drive the transmitting coil. The controller is configured to cause the driver circuit to provide a charging current to the transmitting coil, decode a request for lower transmission power from a modulation of the charging current, reduce the amplitude of the charging current in accordance with the request for lower transmission power when a temperature measured at a surface of the charging device is less than a threshold temperature, and initiate a cool down sequence when the temperature measured at the surface of the charging device equals or exceeds the threshold temperature. In one example, the request for lower transmission power may be provided in an ASK-modulated signal superimposed on the charging current.

Abstract: A method for a battery system for a vehicle is provided. The battery system can include a plurality of battery modules and a heat transfer assembly. Each of the battery modules can include one or more cells. The battery modules are selectively electrically connectable to a terminal of the battery system in order to provide electrical power to the vehicle. The heat transfer assembly can selectively adjust thermal energy levels of one or more of the battery modules. The method can include determining a desired capacity of the battery system, determining a number of the battery modules to have thermal energy levels adjusted by the heat transfer assembly according to the desired capacity of the battery system, and operating the heat transfer assembly to adjust thermal energy levels of the determined number of battery modules.

Abstract: A DC power supply device includes a first conversion unit connected to an AC power supply, a second conversion unit connected to an electric tool, and a cable connecting the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit to each other. The first conversion unit includes a power factor correction circuit, converts an AC voltage having a first voltage value, input from the AC power supply, into a DC voltage having a second voltage value higher than the first voltage value, and outputs the DC voltage having the second voltage value to the cable. The second conversion unit converts the output voltage of the first conversion unit, input via the cable, into a DC voltage having a third voltage value lower than the second voltage value, and outputs the DC voltage having the third voltage value to the electric tool.

Abstract: A cooling control system and method for a motor vehicle comprising: a server unit and N client units, wherein N is greater than or equal to 1, the server unit being in data connection with the N client units via a wireless network, the N client units configured to be arranged on N motor vehicles respectively, each client unit configured to perform real-time collection and storage of calculation input data on the corresponding motor vehicle for evaluating a temperature of a unit requiring cooling on the motor vehicle, perform real-time collection and storage of temperature data of the unit requiring cooling, predict, using the collected calculation input data, temperature data at a future time of the unit requiring cooling based on a predictive mathematical model determined by the server unit (200), and enable the selective cooling in advance of the unit requiring cooling based on the predicted temperature data.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first temperature sensor module, a second temperature sensor module, a first temperature controller, and a second temperature controller. The first temperature sensor module includes a bandgap reference circuit that outputs a plurality of divided voltages, and a first conversion circuit that performs analog-to-digital conversion processing on one of the plurality of divided voltages to generate a first digital value. The second temperature sensor module includes a second conversion circuit that performs analog-to-digital conversion processing on the one of the plurality of divided voltages to generate a second digital value. The first temperature sensor controller converts the first digital value to a first temperature. The second temperature sensor controller converts the second digital value to a second temperature.

Abstract: A charging control method includes: monitoring a real-time temperature of the battery during charging a battery with a first real-time charging current; reducing the first real-time charging current to a second real-time charging current at a specified current reduction rate, when the real-time temperature of the battery is greater than a first temperature threshold, the second real-time charging current being a real-time charging current corresponding to that the real-time temperature of the battery is less than the first temperature threshold; and charging the battery according to the second real-time charging current. As such, the temperature rise problem during high-current high-power fast charging can be alleviated, and excessive fluctuations due to instantaneous current adjustment can be prevented from affecting the charging rate thereby improving user experience.

Abstract: A method for abnormality detection in an energy unit includes passively detecting an abnormality in an energy unit by detecting electromagnetic radiation generated by the abnormality, the energy unit comprising at least one of an electrical energy unit and an electrochemical energy unit. A method for detecting an abnormality in an energy unit includes (a) applying a signal to the energy unit, (b) performing a plurality of measurements, at a respective plurality of different locations within the energy unit, of a response of the energy unit to the signal, and (c) processing the plurality of measurements to identify the abnormality.

Abstract: An electronic device and method of operating an electronic device are provided. The electronic device includes a temperature measurement unit configured to measure a temperature of each of multiple components of the electronic device, and a controller configured to change, based on a first reference temperature, an operating frequency of the controller to a first operating frequency when a temperature of the controller, measured by the temperature measurement unit, reaches the first reference temperature and change, based on a third reference temperature that is lower than the first reference temperature, the operating frequency of the controller to a second operating frequency when a temperature of at least one component of the multiple components reaches a second reference temperature while the controller operates at the first operating frequency.

Abstract: A system for controlling a high-voltage relay of an eco-friendly vehicle includes a high-voltage battery, a plurality of driving devices driven with power supplied from the high-voltage battery, a relay unit including the high-voltage relay and a relay coil, the high-voltage relay being driven based on an amount of current flowing through the relay coil to interconnect the high-voltage battery and the driving devices, a load determiner for determining whether a conduction current load of the high-voltage relay is high or low, and a controller for changing the amount of current flowing through the relay coil based on a result of the determination of the load determiner.

Abstract: Provided is a battery charging system comprising (a) at least one charging circuit to charge at least one rechargeable battery cell; (b) a heat source to provide heat that is transported through a heat spreader element, implemented fully or partially inside said at least one battery cell, to heat up the battery cell to a desired temperature Tc before or during battery charging; and (c) cooling means in thermal contact with the heat spreader element configured to enable transporting internal heat of the battery cell through the heat spreader element to the cooling means when the battery cell is discharged. Charging the battery at Tc enables completion of the battery in less than 15 minutes, typically less than 10 minutes, and more typically less than 5 minutes without adversely impacting the battery structure and performance.

Abstract: An audio signal reproduction apparatus includes a temperature detection unit detecting a temperature of a battery pack, a voltage detection unit detecting a voltage of the battery pack, and a control unit performing an output control on a basis of temperature information detected by the temperature detection unit and voltage information detected by the voltage detection unit.

Abstract: A battery monitoring device includes a first reference resistor disposed in a path different from a path of current flowing from a battery to a load; a transistor for passing current from the battery to the first reference resistor; and an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes: a current measurement unit that measures a first current flowing through the first reference resistor; a voltage measurement unit that measures a first voltage of the battery; and a first calculation unit that calculates an AC impedance of the battery based on the first current measured and the first voltage measured.

Abstract: A vehicle charge system includes: a voltage detection section configured to detect terminal voltage of a storage battery; and a charge control section configured to control charging of the storage battery until the terminal voltage reaches full-charge voltage, while switching between a first charging mode and a second charging mode, on the basis of the terminal voltage. During a period in which the terminal voltage is equal to or lower than first voltage, the charge control section charges the storage battery by the first charging mode. After the terminal voltage has exceeded the first voltage, the charge control section charges the storage battery by the second charging mode. After the terminal voltage has exceeded the first voltage, if the terminal voltage has reduced to be second voltage, the charge control section charges the storage battery by the first charging mode until the terminal voltage is restored to the first voltage.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a battery module, which can include a plurality of batteries, a positioning bracket, a circuit board, a thermistor and a fixing cover plate. The positioning bracket can be affixed onto the batteries and includes a first opening. The circuit board can have a main body portion disposed above the positioning bracket and a mounting portion located below the main body portion, the mounting portion can be contained in the first opening and supported on a battery of the plurality of batteries. The thermistor can be affixed on the mounting portion of the circuit board. The fixing cover plate can tightly press the mounting portion of the circuit board in the vertical direction to fix the mounting portion to the battery.

Abstract: An auxiliary battery storage device stores an auxiliary battery that is used for performing cell balancing to a main battery adopted in an electric vehicle or supplying power to the main battery having low state of charge (SOC). The auxiliary battery storage device includes a case body formed in a box shape with a top portion that is open and an inner space in which the auxiliary battery is stored; a case body cover coupled to the case body to open or close the top portion of the case body; a terminal connection member fixed to an inner surface of the case body cover to contact a power terminal of the auxiliary battery when the top portion of the case body is closed by the case body cover; and a power cable configured to extend from the terminal connection member to the main battery.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a charging method, a terminal and a computer storage medium. The charging method includes: detecting a battery to obtain a battery charging parameter after turning on a fast charging function; determining whether an abnormal charging occurs according to the battery charging parameter; and turning off the fast charging function in response to determining that the abnormal charging occurs.

Abstract: A component throttling power backup charging system includes a chassis defining a chassis housing and a chassis air inlet to the chassis housing, at least one component located in the chassis housing and adjacent the chassis air inlet, and a power backup device located opposite the at least one component from the chassis air inlet. The power backup device determines that a charging condition has been satisfied. The power backup device then determines that a temperature of air being provided to the power backup device exceeds a threshold temperature and, in response, transmits a throttling instruction that is configured to cause throttling of the at least one component. The power backup device subsequently determines that the temperature of the air being provided to the power backup device no longer exceeds the threshold temperature and, in response, performs charging operations.

Abstract: A system for managing a battery for an eco-friendly vehicle may include: a main battery; an assistant battery; a main battery temperature management unit that is configured to maintain temperature of the main battery within a predetermined temperature range; an assistant battery charge unit that is configured to charge the assistant battery; a first measuring unit that is configured to measure a state of the assistant battery; a second measuring unit that is configured to measure a state of the main battery; and a that is configured to make controller that is configured to make the assistant battery be charged when the state of the assistant battery measured by the first measuring unit satisfies a predetermined charge condition, and that is configured to make the temperature of the main battery enter a predetermined temperature range when the temperature of the main battery measured by the second measuring unit is out of the predetermined temperature range.

Abstract: Provided is a battery system in which a battery cell does not exceed a use limit temperature, and a time taken for returning to the charging/discharging process is shortened even if a frequency for the battery system to stop a charging/discharging process is reduced and the charging/discharging process is stopped. The battery system disclosed in the invention includes a plurality of battery cells and a control circuit which controls a charging/discharging current of the battery cell. The control circuit performs a plurality of temperature rising estimations on the basis of a battery temperature, a charging/discharging current, and a time width of a time window. The control circuit selects the charging/discharging current corresponding to a temperature rising estimation in which the temperature of the battery cell does not exceed a use limit temperature among the temperature rising estimations.

Abstract: A method may include orienting a set of solar power units in a first position in which rows of solar power units are shaded by adjacent rows of solar power units; and monitoring energy generated by the set of solar power units over a window of time, that includes from when the set of solar power units are oriented in the first position until a sun angle corresponds to none of the rows being shaded by the adjacent rows. The method may include identifying a knee in energy generation during the first window of time, where the knee indicates a transition from higher to lower rates of change of energy generation at a given solar angle. The method may include plotting a trajectory of future orientation positions over time of the set of solar power units that include an orientation and time corresponding to the given solar angle.

Abstract: In this power supplying device used in this power storage system, a power supplying unit charges a battery. A control unit controls the power supplying unit so as to charge the battery in a pulsed manner, in at least a part of a charging period of the battery. The control unit extends a unit on time and a unit off time when charging in the pulsed manner, as the temperature of the battery becomes lower.