Abstract: This disclosure relates AC-to-DC rectification and power flow control of electrical power generators. An integrated rectifier-generator AC-DC conversion circuit and system are disclosed for providing a regulated DC output. The integrated rectifier-generator AC-DC conversion circuit and system may include serially stacked passive and active rectifiers connected to multiple AC ports of an electrical power generator driven by mechanical energy captured by an energy harvester. The integrated rectifier-generator AC-DC conversion circuit and system may be configured to perform active ripple control and a maximum power tracking from the energy harvester by controlling a fraction of an overall power that flow through the active rectifier.

Abstract: A motion control apparatus and method are disclosed. The motion control apparatus comprises a movable mechanism coupled to an external energy source, the energy source providing kinetic energy to the mechanism. An energy conversion module is mechanically coupled to the mechanism for converting kinetic into electrical energy. An electronic circuit is coupled to the energy conversion module and a storage module and a mechanism controller is coupled to the electronic circuit. A sensor module is coupled to both the electronic circuit and the movable mechanism to sense the movement of the movable mechanism to determine speed of the movable mechanism and transmit speed information to the electronic circuit. The method comprises applying energy to a movable mechanism, converting kinetic to electrical energy, storing the electrical energy converted, controlling the motion of the mechanism and sensing the movement of the mechanism.

Abstract: An electromagnetically-activated actuator includes an electrical coil, an armature moveable between rest and actuated positions, and a bi-directional driver. A method for controlling an actuator event includes applying a supply voltage at a first polarity across the coil for a first duration to drive a forward current through the coil effective to move the armature away from the rest position. The forward current has a forward current peak at the end of the first duration. After the first duration, the supply voltage is applied at a second polarity across the coil for a second duration to drive a reverse current through the coil. The second duration terminates when the reverse current attains a predetermined reverse current peak, wherein the predetermined reverse current peak is coincident with the armature returning to the rest position.

Abstract: An unmanned aerial vehicle comprising at least one rotor motor. The rotor motor is powered by a micro hybrid generation system. The micro hybrid generator system comprises a rechargeable battery configured to provide power to the at least one rotor motor, a small engine configured to generate mechanical power, a generator motor coupled to the small engine and configured to generate AC power using the mechanical power generated by the small engine, a bridge rectifier configured to convert the AC power generated by the generator motor to DC power and provide the DC power to either or both the rechargeable battery and the at least one rotor motor, and an electronic control unit configured to control a throttle of the small engine based, at least in part, on a power demand of at least one load, the at least one load including the at least one rotor motor.

Abstract: A control system for use in generating power in a hybrid vehicle having at least one motor supplied with both generated power and battery stored potential, includes a voltage regulator transmitting an excitation current to the generator in response to the input alternating (AC) current. A rectifier receives an output alternating (AC) current from the voltage regulator and distributes a direct (DC) output current to the motor via a motor controller and inverter. The output voltage determines a feedback signal transmitted back to the excitation current in response to the feedback signal. The inverter receives the output voltage and powers an alternating current motor connected to the control system. The battery connects in a parallel electrical circuit to the motor and the output voltage to compensate for fluctuations in the output voltage. The inverter brakes the motor in response to a reduction in motor power consumption.

Abstract: A rotating electric machine and a method of magnetizing a rotor of a brushless rotating electric machine are disclosed, the method including forming a stationary magnetic field, rotating a rotor of a magnetizing machine in the stationary magnetic field for producing alternating current, rectifying the alternating current with a controllable bridge situated in the rotor, receiving control instructions wirelessly to the rotor, controlling a magnitude of current with the controllable bridge based on the control instructions, and feeding the controlled current to the magnetizing winding of the rotating electric machine.

Abstract: An apparatus controlling an electric vehicle motor and a method to reduce torque ripple using the same are provided. A field current flowing in a rotor field coil is controlled by generating a negative phase ripple current with respect to torque ripple according to each position of the rotor, allowing torque ripple of the motor to be reduced without degrading output torque. Additionally, in an operation region of a high torque section, torque ripple is reduced by controlling a field current by increasing an AC component of a negative phase ripple current, and in an operation region of a low torque section, torque ripple is reduced by controlling a field current by decreasing an AC component of a negative phase ripple current. That is, torque ripple of a motor can be reduced by controlling only a field current.

Abstract: An electrical DC generation system is disclosed. According to one aspect, a system for electrical DC generation includes an electrical machine having multiple stator windings and multiple rectifiers for connection to portions of the stator windings. At least one active rectifier and at least one passive rectifier are connected in series to form a DC bus having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, where the positive terminal of the DC bus is connected to a positive output terminal of the electrical machine and where the negative terminal of the DC bus is connected to a negative output terminal of the electrical machine. The at least one active rectifier is used to control a current flowing through the DC bus and/or an output voltage of the electrical machine.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring excitation of a generator based on a faulty status of a generator breaker are provided. According to one embodiment, a system may include a controller and a processor communicatively coupled to the controller. The processor may be configured to receive, from a contact associated with a generator breaker, a reported status of the generator breaker, receive operational data associated with one or more parameters of a generator associated with the generator breaker, and correlate the reported status of the generator breaker and the operational data. Based on the correlation, the processor may establish an actual status of the generator breaker, and, based on the actual status, selectively modify a mode of excitation of the generator.

Abstract: An electrical machine includes a stator having a stator winding and a secondary transformer coil. A rotor is operatively connected to rotate relative to the stator, wherein the rotor includes a plurality of embedded permanent magnets. A primary transformer coil is wound on the rotor and is operatively connected to form a rotating transformer with the secondary transformer coil. An inverter/active rectifier component is operatively connected to the stator winding and the secondary transformer coil to control the stator winding based on a sense in the secondary transformer coil received from the primary transformer coil.

Abstract: A current controller for controlling plural stator currents of plural stator windings of an electrical machine, in particular a generator, is provided, wherein the plural windings are separately connectable to a converter. The current controller includes a positive-sequence current controller configured to provide a first voltage command, in particular in a rotating dq+ frame, based on the plural stator currents; a negative-sequence current controller configured to provide a second voltage command, in particular in the dq+ frame, based on the plural stator currents. Further, the current controller includes a summation system for adding the first voltage command and the second voltage command to obtain a summed voltage command based on which the converter is controllable.

Abstract: A generator includes a stationary portion and a rotating portion. The stationary portion includes a main armature winding and the rotating portion includes a main field winding a main field rotating power converter that selectively controls current supplied to the main field winding.

Abstract: An alternator has a field coil that produces a magnetic field which induces electricity in a coil arrangement. A field coil excitation system includes a generator with an output coil assembly for producing alternating electricity. A rectifier converts the alternating electricity into voltage and direct current at two nodes. A capacitor, between the nodes, has capacitance that forms a resonant circuit with inductance of the output coil assembly. Due to that resonant circuit, the voltage and direct current oscillate in a predefined phase relationship. A switch and the field coil are connected in series between the nodes. A controller renders the switch conductive for a time period specified by a received control signal. The switch is rendered non-conductive at the first occurrence of a minimum current level after the time period ends. The predefined phase relationship enables the minimum current level to be detected by sensing the voltage.

Abstract: The present subject matter is directed to systems and methods for improving reliability of dual bridge doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) by reducing the number of required components in the converters associated with such DFIGs. A converter is constructed using a pair of current conducting bridges wherein one of the current conducting bridges is controlled and the second is not controlled. The uncontrolled bridge may correspond to a pair of diodes while the controlled bridge may correspond to a pair of transistors, in particular, a pair of IGBT transistors.

Abstract: A current controller for controlling plural stator currents of plural stator windings of an electrical machine, in particular a generator, is provided, wherein the plural windings are separately connectable to a converter. The current controller includes a positive-sequence current controller configured to provide a first voltage command, in particular in a rotating dq+ frame, based on the plural stator currents; a negative-sequence current controller configured to provide a second voltage command, in particular in the dq+ frame, based on the plural stator currents. Further, the current controller includes a summation system for adding the first voltage command and the second voltage command to obtain a summed voltage command based on which the converter is controllable.

Abstract: The vehicle generator includes an armature winding, a switching section constituted as a bridge circuit including a plurality of pairs of an upper arm and a lower arm to rectify phase voltages of the armature winding, each of the upper and lower arms being constituted of a switching element parallel-connected with a diode, and a control section for controlling on/off timings of the switching elements. The control section is configured to perform switching operation to switch the switching section between a first operation state where each upper arm is turned off when the phase voltage is higher than a voltage of a vehicle battery, and a second operation state where each upper arm is turned off after the phase voltages becomes lower than the battery voltage, and configured to delay off timings of the switching elements stepwise when the switching section is in the second operation state.

Abstract: A method of generating and controlling power for an alternating current (AC) motor by means of at least one controlled permanent magnet machine (PMM) with a permanent magnet (PM) rotor and a stator with a magnetic flux diverter circuit for controlling the output of the PMM, comprises the steps of: rotating the PM rotor at a velocity sufficient to develop a high frequency alternating current (HFAC) power output from the stator; transforming the HFAC output to produce a variable low frequency alternating current (AC) motor control output for the motor; sensing desired motor control parameters; generating a control signal responsive to the sensed parameters; and applying the control signal to the magnetic flux diverter circuit to control the motor control output.

Abstract: A variable frequency generator regulation control circuit and method for controlling open loop gain under changing generator speed conditions employing a high frequency pulse-width modulated signal with a duty cycle that is controlled such that variations in rectified PMG voltage and generator gain over the generator speed range can be compensated for. This signal is modulated by a low frequency pulse-width modulated signal provided by the generator regulator, using a logic gate to produce a combined signal representing an average voltage signal applied to a generator field winding as the generator speed fluctuates.

Abstract: A control circuit for use with an AC alternator has a plurality of outlet lines leading from the alternator, each receiving a phase of current generated by the alternator. Tap lines are associated with each of the power lines and are associated with a switch. The switches drain power to a drain when in a first state, and allow the power to pass downstream to a system load when in a second state. A switch control changes the switches between the first and second state. A detector detects when the current signal is approaching a zero crossing between a cycle positive portion and a negative portion. The switch control takes in the information with regard to the approaching zero crossing, and change the switches between the first and second states based upon the detected zero crossing point. An alternator is also disclosed.

Abstract: The vehicle generator includes an armature winding including a plurality of phase windings, a switching section formed as a bridge circuit constituted of a plurality of pairs of an upper arm and a lower arm connected in series to rectify voltages induced in the phase windings, each of the upper and lower arms being constituted of a switching element parallel-connected with a diode, a control section for controlling on/off timings of the switching elements, and a voltage zero-cross detecting section for performing voltage zero-cross detection to detect, as voltage zero-cross points, time points at which at least one of line-to-line voltages among the phase windings of the armature winding changes in polarity. The control section is configured to start on-off control of the switching elements based on the voltage zero-cross points detected by the voltage zero-cross detecting section.

Abstract: A pyramid electric generator for harvesting the vibrational energies of Earth's atomic oscillators according to the present invention comprises: (1) an antenna/waveguide that is geometrically optimized; (2) a secondary coil wound with an insulated conductor on a nonconductive coil form, the coil being attached electrically to the conducting surface of the antenna/waveguide such that the secondary coil is attached near the point at which the electric field contacts the antenna/waveguide; (3) the antenna/waveguide connected with the secondary coil serving as a quasi-capacitive series element to provide a specific resonant frequency; and (4) a primary coil of a few turns wound around the secondary coil, the secondary coil being positioned coaxially within the primary coil and acting as a resonant step-up transformer winding, inductively coupled with the primary coil. The generator resonantly couples into specific frequencies of Earth's atomic oscillators and extracts electric energy therefrom.

Abstract: A method and a wind power plant are provided for smoothing alternating electric current from a number of power generators. Generators are electrically connected to an electric network. Each power generator includes a transformer with pulse width modulation for converting direct current to pulse width modulated alternating current for feeding to the network. The time for feeding the pulses of the pulse width modulated alternating current is different for each generator in order to achieve a more even alternating current as a sum of respective outputs of alternating current from the generators.

Abstract: The control device detects the B-terminal voltage by a B-terminal voltage detection section. When an abnormal voltage detection section detects that a voltage value of the detected B-terminal voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage value, all switching elements of the negative pole-side arm in a power conversion section are brought into conduction by a negative pole-side arm short-circuiting section, whereas all switching elements of a positive pole-side arm are interrupted. In addition, a field current is limited to zero or to a limit value by a field current control section.

Abstract: In a power generator, three-phase armature windings and a switching unit are provided for each phase armature winding. The switching unit includes a pair of a high-side switching element with a first diode and a second low-side switching element with a second diode. The switching unit rectifies, through at least one of the high-side switching element, the first diode, the second low-side switching element, and the second diode, a voltage induced in each phase armature winding. A zero-cross detector detects a point of time when a phase current based on the voltage induced in each phase armature winding is reversed in direction as a zero-cross point of the phase current. A deter miner determines an off timing of the high-side switching element or the low-side switching element for each phase armature winding relative to the zero-cross point detected by the zero-cross detector.

Abstract: A ceiling fan motor with a generator winding is disclosed. A stator is fixed on a motor axle. It is surrounded with several first magnetizing coils, each of which is winded with a second magnetizing coil with a generator winding. A rotor is mounted on the motor axle. The rotor has several magnetic objects around the stator. Each first magnetizing coil is affected by an input voltage to generate an inducing magnetic field for rotating the rotor with respect top the stator. The second magnetizing coil on the stator detects and receives a back electromotive force produced because the rotor rotates and cuts through the magnetic lines, thereby generating electrical power.

Abstract: A semiconductor power converter includes a power converter for converting direct current to three-phase alternating current or vice versa; a means for detecting a current in an alternating current side of the power converter; a means for providing a current reference in the alternating current side of the power converter; a current controller for calculating a voltage reference in the alternating current side of the power converter to match the current reference and a value of the detected current; and a pulse width modulation means for controlling the power converter through pulse width modulation based on the voltage reference, wherein the current reference is used in place of the value of the detected current for at least one phase current among three phase currents in the alternating current side.

Abstract: A wind power generating system includes a unit for eliminating harmonics component of specified-order from inputted current detection value of a grid-side converter and a unit for controlling the grid-side converter using the current detection value in which harmonics are eliminated.

Abstract: The following invention is an electromechanical system (1) that is to be connected to an electricity supply (7), comprising: an electric machine (2) that can operate as an independent generator with a rotating shaft, and a switching system (9) allowing i) in the first configuration, the electric machine to operate as a motor in the case where the connected device (4) is normally driven or as a generator in the case where the coupled device is normally driving, and ii) in the second configuration, the electric machine to operate as an independent generator, the electrical energy generated by the electric machine (2; 22) being dissipated in the machine and in a dissipative load (13).

Abstract: An apparatus is provided to manage a charge/discharge current of an on-vehicle battery. The apparatus comprises a detecting unit detecting an actual amount of the charge/discharge current and a receiving unit receiving information indicating generating operations of an on-vehicle generator. The apparatus also comprises a control unit controlling the generating operations of the generator so that the charge/discharge current keeps a given value specified, on the basis of the detected actual the charge/discharge current and the received information. The apparatus also comprises determining and setting units. The determining unit determines whether a voltage of the battery satisfies a given condition for the voltage, by monitoring the voltage in a state where the generating operation of the generator is controlled. The setting unit sets, as an amount of offset of the charge/discharge current, a charge/discharge current detected when it is determined that the voltage of the battery satisfies the given condition.

Abstract: Within generator systems maintenance of stability in terms of voltage is desirable. Generally, several generators will be arranged in parallel within the generator system with one generator voltage controlled to provide dynamic responsiveness to load switching. With regard to some loads which are generally of an active nature, the capacity of a first generator, which is voltage controlled, may be insufficient to adequately avoid transient voltage instability. By providing an actuator signal from a load to act as a pre-emptive or forward feed to an electrical current controlled generator, that second electrical current generator can be arranged to provide additional or reduced electrical current to avoid system voltage instability.

Abstract: An alternator system includes a field circuit, a regulator that regulates a field circuit electrical flow through the field circuit, and an output current sensor that detects an actual current output from the alternator system. The alternator system further includes a controller that communicates with the regulator to vary the field circuit electrical flow based on the actual current detected by the output current sensor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided, for connecting prime mover driven alternator to circuit that has an existing alternating current. Alternator is connected to circuit when minimum current flows to or from alternator. The actual current is measured by controller following connection and the value of this current is used to determine the optimal connection conditions when alternator is next connected. Alternator is disconnected by controller by running down prime mover, monitoring the current and stalling prime mover when the current flow is at a minimum.

Abstract: A method of generating electric power includes providing at least one open-winding generator having at least one winding, wherein the at least one winding has a first terminal and a second terminal. The method also includes electrically coupling the first terminal to a first electric power electronics apparatus via a first electric bus and electrically coupling the second electric terminal to a second electric power electronics apparatus via a second electric bus. The method further includes inducing and regulating a first voltage on the first electric bus and inducing and regulating a second voltage on the second electric bus.

Abstract: A wind power generation system wherein procedure for controlling the blade pitch is changed in accordance with the rate of decrease in the amplitude of the grid voltage, and when over current occurs in the grid-side power converter, the grid-side power converter is brought into the gate-blocked condition whereas the generator-side power converter continues its operation.

Abstract: In a power-generator control apparatus installed in a power-generator designed to generate an output voltage at an output terminal thereof, a regulating unit regulates the output voltage so that the regulated output voltage is equivalent to a first target value. When a periodic signal with a predetermined frequency is applied from the outside of the power-generator to the output terminal thereof to be superimposed on the output voltage, a regulated voltage changing unit operatively connected to the regulating unit receives the periodic signal, and compares the frequency of the received periodic signal with a predetermined threshold frequency. The regulated voltage changing unit changes the first target value of the regulated output voltage to a second target value upon the frequency of the received periodic signal being higher than the predetermined threshold frequency.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for reducing alternating current ripples in direct current electrical power generation systems with one or more regulated permanent magnet machines. Ripple suppression is achieved, in one aspect, by modulating the control current of a regulated permanent magnet machine.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided, for connecting prime mover driven alternator to circuit that has an existing alternating current. Alternator is connected to circuit when minimum current flows to or from alternator. The actual current is measured by controller following connection and the value of this current is used to determine the optimal connection conditions when alternator is next connected. Alternator is disconnected by controller by running down prime mover, monitoring the current and stalling prime mover when the current flow is at a minimum.

Abstract: In a control system for controlling a power generator based on a command value associated with a control parameter, a receiver receives the command signal, a detector detects the command value included in the received command signal, and a determiner determines whether a duration of the detected command value being invariant within a predetermined range exceeds a predetermined allowed duration. In the control system, a controller controls an output of the power-generator based on a predetermined default value within the predetermined range in place of the command value when it is determined that the duration of the detected command value being invariant within the predetermined range exceeds the predetermined allowed duration.

Abstract: An electrical power generator includes a controller for making a full power capacity of the generator available for consumption by at least one intelligent load coupled to an output of the generator. The controller obtains data from which both a present output power of the generator and a power capacity of the generator can be determined. The controller then provides the intelligent load with data indicative of both the present output power and the power capacity of the generator for use by the load in controlling its power consumption.

Abstract: An electromechanical power transfer system that transfers power between a prime mover and a direct current (DC) electrical power system, comprises: a permanent magnet machine (PMM) that has a permanent magnet (PM) rotor coupled to the prime mover, a stator with a multiphase alternating current (AC) winding coupled to an AC bus and a control coil with a winding that has a configuration to generate a magnetic field with flux that varies the reactance of the stator winding with the application of control coil current; a position sensing system for generating a rotor position signal that is representative of the angular position of the PM rotor; a control coil current sensor for generating a control coil current signal that is representative of the level of electrical current in the control coil; an electrical potential sensor for generating a DC bus potential signal that is representative of the level of DC potential on the DC bus; an electrical current sensor for generating a DC bus current signal that is repre

Abstract: A control device measures a voltage drop across a conductor in a generator to determine and control the total generator output current. A temperature of the conductor is also measured to improve the accuracy. The control device may further improve on the accuracy by compensating for the electrical current through a field coil that may power the generator. The control device may be used in combination with a generator in a vehicle electrical system. Other system parameters may be monitored to improve on the system monitoring, diagnostics, and control. The generator may include a conductor comprising a process-controlled geometric shape.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus relates to a current sensing electrical energy generation system comprising, an electric machine, a conductor electrically connected to the electric machine, and a current sensor responsive to current flow in the conductor.

Abstract: A method for determining electric currents for an electrical machine includes generating a first real power current demand signal and a first reactive power current demand signal. The method also includes determining at least one of a second real power current demand signal and a second reactive power current demand signal by prioritizing a second real power current demand signal over a second reactive power current demand signal. Alternatively, the method also includes determining at least one of a second real power current demand signal and a second reactive power current demand signal by prioritizing the second reactive power current demand signal over the second real power current demand signal. The method further includes comparing at least one of the first real power current demand signal and first reactive power current demand signal to at least one electrical machine current limit signal.

Abstract: A battery-less power generation control system that maintains fuel economy and minimizes losses in horsepower generated by engine operation includes a magnet-type generator driven by an internal combustion engine and a controller for rectifying the alternating current generated by the generator to a direct current, the controller supplying the generated direct current to electric equipment. The controller includes a rectifying section for converting the alternating current generated by the generator to direct current, and a control section for controlling the generated current output by the rectifying section. The battery-less power generation control system detects a load current flowing through the electric equipment and the control section controls the rectifying section so that the generated current is generally equal to the load current.

Abstract: This invention discloses a vehicle electrical system voltage regulator with improved electrical protection and warning means that discerns and responds to regulator, generator, or vehicle electrical system operation and malfunctions. The regulator includes monitoring, control, and protection circuits with a phase signal monitor, a field switching circuit that operates the field coil in response to electrical power demands, and a field enable switch in series with the field regulating switch. The phase monitor and protection circuit ascertains and transmits generator rotational motion for use by the monitoring and control circuit in discerning the various operating conditions. The monitoring and control circuit operates on the field switching circuit to meet the electrical power demands and provide multi level fault protection to include field switching circuit reconfiguration to continue operating under various fault conditions.

Abstract: A vehicle power generation control apparatus has a power supply circuit, a rotation detecting circuit, an exciting current detecting circuit, a torque detecting/maximum exciting current determining circuit, and an exciting current control circuit. The rotation detecting circuit detects a rotation speed of a generator (or vehicle alternator) and the exciting current detecting circuit detects an exciting current flowing through an exciting winding of the generator. The torque detecting/maximum exciting current determining circuit calculates a power generation torque of the generator based on the output voltage, the exciting current, the rotation speed, and calculates an inertia torque of the generator based on a change rate of the rotation speed.

Abstract: A generation control apparatus for vehicles is provided, in which a drastic change in the drive torque of a generator, which occurs with the cancellation of gradual excitation immediately after starting an internal combustion engine, can be suppressed to prevent stoppage of the internal combustion engine. The generation control apparatus includes an engine-start detection circuit, a gradual excitation circuit, a comparator for gradual-excitation cancellation, and a masking circuit for gradual-excitation cancellation. After detecting an engine start by the engine-start detection circuit, an instruction for gradual-excitation cancellation is released during an initial gradual excitation performed by a gradual excitation circuit, based on an output from the masking circuit for gradual-excitation cancellation. The drastic change in the drive torque occurring with the cancellation of the gradual excitation immediately after the engine start, can thus be suppressed, thereby preventing the engine stop.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling power generation of a generator has a voltage detector and a power controller. The voltage detector detects a voltage of electric power generated in the generator. When receiving a first power control signal, the power controller controls the generator to maintain the detected voltage at a first target value. When receiving a second power control signal, the power controller controls the generator such that the power controller suppresses the power generation of the generator based on a difference between a value of the detected voltage and a second target value lower than the first target value so as to maintain the detected voltage at a predetermined value lower than the first target value. Therefore, even when the power generation is suppressed, pulsation of the generated electric power can be appropriately restrained.

Abstract: This invention discloses a vehicle electrical system voltage regulator with improved electrical protection and warning means that discerns and responds to regulator, generator, or vehicle electrical system operation and malfunctions. The regulator includes monitoring, control, and protection circuits with a phase signal monitor, a field switching circuit that operates the field coil in response to electrical power demands, and a field enable switch in series with the field regulating switch. The phase monitor and protection circuit ascertains and transmits generator rotational motion for use by the monitoring and control circuit in discerning the various operating conditions. The monitoring and control circuit operates on the field switching circuit to meet the electrical power demands and provide multi level fault protection to include field switching circuit reconfiguration to continue operating under various fault conditions.

Abstract: An alternator for a vehicle has a rotor with a field wiring, a stator with a three-phase stator wiring, a regulator, and a rectifier. The regulator and rectifier are disposed away from each other with the rotor between. An alternating current is generated in the stator wiring in response to a rotation of the rotor and a field current received in the field wiring. The rectifier converts the alternating current into a direct current and outputs the direct current as an electrical energy generated in the alternator. The regulator regulates a value of the filed current to control the electrical energy. The rectifier acts as a heat generating member, but heat generated in the rectifier is hardly transmitted to the regulator disposed away from the rectifier.