Abstract: A load adaptive linear electrical generator system is provided for generating DC electrical power. The electrical generation system includes one or more power generation modules which will be selectively turned on or off and additively contribute power depending on the DC power demand. Each power generating module includes a pair of linear electrical generators connected to respective ones of a pair of internal combustion piston based power assemblies. The piston in the internal combustion assembly is connected to a magnet in the linear electrical generator. The piston/magnet assembly oscillates in a simple harmonic motion at a frequency dependent on a power load of the electrical generator. A stroke limiter constrains the piston/magnet assembly motion to preset limits.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing power to devices at a well site employ a linear alternator to generate power at a well site. The linear alternator is mounted on a pump at the well site and uses the up-and-down motion of the pump to generate power. The pump may be a nodding donkey head pump or other sucker rod pump mechanisms that operate based on linear vertical motion. The linear vertical motion drives a linear rotor back and forth through a linear stator to induce current in the linear alternator. This allows the linear alternator to convert a portion of the mechanical work performed by the pump into electrical energy that can be supplied to the devices. In some embodiments, the pump-mounted linear alternator can be equipped with a position sensor to directly measure a vertical position of the pump as the alternator travels up and down with the pump.

Abstract: A load adaptive linear electrical generator system is provided for generating DC electrical power. The electrical generation system includes one or more power generation modules which will be selectively turned on or off and additively contribute power depending on the DC power demand. Each power generating module includes a pair of linear electrical generators connected to respective ones of a pair of internal combustion piston based power assemblies. The piston in the internal combustion assembly is connected to a magnet in the linear electrical generator. The piston/magnet assembly oscillates in a simple harmonic motion at a frequency dependent on a power load of the electrical generator. A stroke limiter constrains the piston/magnet assembly motion to preset limits.

Abstract: Systems and methods for an energy harvester proximate to a rotatable component of a vehicle's wheel are disclosed. In some embodiments, an energy harvester system includes: a substrate having a first surface configured to contact and interface with a surface of a wheel, and a second surface opposite the first surface; a piezoelectric component configured to produce energy in response to mechanical strain imparted on the piezoelectric component, wherein the piezoelectric component is configured to deform while experiencing the mechanical strain so as to contact at least a portion of the second surface.

Abstract: A converter includes a coil of axis XX?, a multi-pole magnet, arranged in such a way that the magnetic polarities of two adjacent magnetised zones are oriented so that they are anti-parallel, a ferromagnetic field frame comprising a frame and a main section, the field frame further comprising a main air gap located on the main section, and a first lateral air gap and a second lateral air gap which are located on the frame, the main air gap, the first lateral air gap and the second lateral air gap being arranged in such a way as to form a guide member in which the multi-pole magnet is inserted by sliding, and in such a way as to allow a magnetic coupling of three successive magnetised zones with, respectively, the first lateral air gap, the main air gap, and the second lateral air gap.

Abstract: A mobile power station for the purpose of recharging electric vehicles is provided. The charging station includes separate, but different, types of electrical generation capabilities. For example, the charging station may include two or more of: wind power, solar power and power generated from suspension mounted oscillators, which charge its battery pack over land. If desired, the mobile power station can be amphibious, as well, with the ability to navigate small and large bodies of water.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetically controlled material-based magnetorheological pilot operated safety valve for a hydraulic support. The safety valve comprises a valve body, a valve core, a reset spring, and a pilot valve; the valve core is disposed in a valve core chamber provided in the valve body, and the pilot valve is disposed in a pilot valve chamber provided in the valve body; the pilot valve includes a magnetically controlled shape memory alloy, an electromagnet, a push rod, a piston, a magnetorheological fluid control coil, and a pilot valve core, which are arranged sequentially from left to right; a plurality of magnetically controlled material control coils are provided on the electromagnet; the magnetically controlled shape memory alloy runs through the electromagnet and is then connected to the push rod, the push rod is connected to the piston, the magnetorheological fluid lies between the piston and the pilot valve core.

Abstract: A motor is contained in a motor container space. A controller is contained in a controller container space. The motor container space and the controller container space are arranged in series in a direction of a rotation axis of a motor shaft, while interposing a partition wall therebetween. The motor shaft is inserted in a motor shaft through-hole of the partition wall. A magnet is disposed at an end of the motor shaft, in the controller container space. A rotation sensor is disposed in the controller container space oppositely to the magnet, for monitoring a rotational position of the motor shaft on the basis of variation in magnetic field due to rotation of the magnet. A cover made of nonmagnetic metal is disposed between the magnet and the rotation sensor so as to cover the motor shaft through-hole.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for charging pads for use with wireless power systems. In one aspect a vehicle charging pad having a reduced thickness is provided. A charging pad may include multiple wire coils and a ferrite block backing. By forming a longitudinally extending slot in the ferrite block, a portion of the wires extending from the coils can be routed through the slot in the ferrite block to decrease the overall thickness of the charging pad.

Abstract: An electric damper for a vehicle for damping a relative motion between two components includes an electrical generator, which can be driven by the relative motion, for generating an induced voltage. Said electrical generator has a stator, a rotor, and associated induction windings and field magnets. According to the invention, the rotor is designed as a two-part rotor, comprising an inner, stationary iron core and a radially outer hollow wheel, which carries the induction windings or the field magnets.

Abstract: An energy harvesting device comprises a semiconductor device, a first magnet core, and at least one second magnet core. The semiconductor device, disposed in a housing, includes a plurality of first sensors and a plurality of second sensors. The first magnet core, disposed over the semiconductor device, is configured to establish a magnetic field between the first sensors and move with respect to the semiconductor device. The at least one second magnet core, disposed between an inner wall of the housing and the semiconductor device, is configured to establish a magnetic field between the second sensors and move with respect to the semiconductor device.

Abstract: An AC current generator for generating an CA current and method therefor and includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes an outer shell of non-magnetic material enclosing an evacuated chamber and having a distribution of a plurality of ferromagnets attached thereto. The rotor includes an inner core of non-magnetic material located at a stability location within said evacuated chamber and having a distribution of a plurality of diamagnets attached thereto. In addition, the AC current generator includes at least one magnetic flux detection unit located within at least one magnetic field generated by at least one group of ferromagnets of the plurality of ferromagnets. Displacing the rotor from the stability location towards the at least one group of ferromagnets generates a change in magnetic flux in the magnetic field thereby generating an AC current in the at least one magnetic flux detection unit.

Abstract: An orthopedic device includes two components that are configured to be movable relative to on another (e.g., longitudinally translatable, pivotable, etc.). The relative movement of the two components is transmitted as unidirectional mechanical energy by means of a transmitting mechanism which includes an energy accumulator connected to a generator. The mechanical energy is thereby converted to electric power.

Abstract: An energy harvesting device includes a MEMS composite transducer. The MEMS composite transducer includes a substrate. Portions of the substrate define an outer boundary of a cavity. A MEMS transducing member includes a beam having a first end and a second end. The first end is anchored to the substrate and the second end cantilevers over the cavity. A compliant membrane is positioned in contact with the MEMS transducing member. A first portion of the compliant membrane covers the MEMS transducing member. A second portion of the compliant membrane is anchored to the substrate. The compliant member is configured to be set into oscillation by excitations produced externally relative to the energy harvesting device.

Abstract: A method of harvesting energy from the environment includes providing an energy harvesting device. The energy harvesting device includes a MEMS composite transducer. The MEMS composite transducer includes a substrate. Portions of the substrate define an outer boundary of a cavity. A MEMS transducing member includes a beam having a first end and a second end. The first end is anchored to the substrate and the second end cantilevers over the cavity. A compliant membrane is positioned in contact with the MEMS transducing member. A first portion of the compliant membrane covers the MEMS transducing member. A second portion of the compliant membrane is anchored to the substrate. The energy harvesting device is configured so that the compliant membrane is set into oscillation by excitations produced external to the energy harvesting device. The MEMS transducing member is caused to move into and out of the cavity by the oscillating compliant membrane.

Abstract: A vibration power generator includes a first substrate, a first electrode disposed on a lower surface of the first substrate and including a film retaining electric charges, a second substrate opposing the lower surface of the first substrate, a second electrode disposed on an upper surface of the second substrate, a third electrode disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate and including a film retaining the electric charges, a third substrate opposing the upper surface of the first substrate, and a fourth electrode disposed on a lower surface of the third substrate and opposing the third electrode. The film of the first electrode has a polarity different from a polarity of the film of the third electrode, and the vibration power generator includes a restoring force generation member giving a restoring force when an external force is not exerted to the first substrate.

Abstract: An energy harvesting device (EHD) and method including a hollow outer envelope (201) having an inner wall (200) with a first predetermined magnetic field distributed on an inner surface of the inner wall, at least one inner core (202), free to move in the hollow envelope (200) characterized by a second predetermined magnetic field distributed on an inner surface of the at least inner core, the inner core being characterized by one or more convex projections of magnetically active material, at least one conducting loop (203) disposed at locations selected from the group consisting of the outer envelope and the at least inner core, so as to be suffused with magnetic flux due to the magnetic field distributions of the at least one inner core and the at least one outer envelope and generating an alternating current due to movement of the inner core within the outer envelope and a rectifying circuit in electrical connection with the at least one conducting loop (203) rectifying the alternating current into a curre

Abstract: An energy harvesting device (EHD) and method including a hollow outer envelope (201) having an inner wall (200) with a first predetermined magnetic field distributed on an inner surface of the inner wall, at least one inner core (202), free to move in the hollow envelope (200) characterized by a second predetermined magnetic field distributed on an inner surface of the at least inner core, the inner core being characterized by one or more convex projections of magnetically active material, at least one conducting loop (203) disposed at locations selected from the group consisting of the outer envelope and the at least inner core, so as to be suffused with magnetic flux due to the magnetic field distributions of the at least one inner core and the at least one outer envelope and generating an alternating current due to movement of the inner core within the outer envelope and a rectifying circuit in electrical connection with the at least one conducting loop (203) rectifying the alternating current into a curre

Abstract: A passive bluff body is disposed in flowing fluid for generating power. The shape of the bluff body supports a predetermined oscillatory clockwise and counter clockwise movement about a pivot absent the influence of electrical or mechanical devices for biasing the bluff body's motion for a given velocity, or range of velocities, of the fluid flow.

Abstract: A system that converts environmental vibrational energy into electrical energy includes a transducer that undergoes oscillating movement in response to the vibrational energy in order to produce an oscillating electrical signal. Power electronics process the oscillating electrical signal. A control system (including at least one control element of the power electronics, at least one sensor and control electronics) carries out a control scheme that dynamically varies the dampening of the oscillating movement of the transducer over time. The control scheme is based upon a predetermined parametric relation involving a plurality of variables derived from the properties measured by the at least one sensor. In several embodiments, the plurality of variables includes a first variable representing excitation frequency of the transducer. In another embodiment, the predetermined parametric relation represents relative phase between two variables derived from the properties measured by the at least one sensor.

Abstract: An electric generator device includes a magnetic stator assembly, opposed coils, and a rotary-to-linear converter (e.g., cam). The coils are configured to reciprocate relative to the magnetic stator assembly or to linearly translate in a common direction relative to the magnetic stator assembly. The coils are coupled to the cam and, upon rotary or linear motion of the cam, reciprocate or linearly translate relative to the magnetic stator assembly. The reciprocation or linear translation of the coils creates an electric current flowing through the coils, which may then be harvested.

Abstract: Systems for harnessing power through electromagnetic induction utilizing printed coils are provided. A system can include one or more moveable magnets adjacent to printed coils on a circuit. For example, a system can include one or more magnets that are operative to move alongside a circuit board that includes printed coils. The one or more magnets may move, for example, when a user shakes the system or when the user walks or runs while holding the device. The movement of the one or more magnets may create an electromotive force (e.g., a voltage) across the printed coils, and this force may be used to generate electric power.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a sensor comprises a substrate, a sensor element and an energy-harvesting device. The sensor element comprises a plate, and the plate is moveable with respect to the substrate. The energy-harvesting device is formed on the plate of the sensor element.

Abstract: A power generation device that includes an excitation coil with a central opening, and a magnetic circuit extending through the central opening of the coil and including at least one permanent magnet and a plurality of ferromagnetic members arranged in a fixed portion and two mobile portions. The two mobile portions are mounted on two parallel rotary axes and can each assume two positions. The device further includes a mechanism rotating the two mobile portions between the two positions thereof so as to create two states of the magnetic circuit, i.e. a first state in which a magnetic flow flows through the coil in one direction and a second state in which a magnetic flow flows through the coil in the opposite direction.

Abstract: An orthopedic device is provided which comprises two components that are mounted so as to be pivotable relative to one another. The relative movement of the two components is transmitted as unidirectional mechanical energy by means of a transmitting mechanism which includes an energy accumulator connected to a generator. The mechanical energy is thereby converted to electric power.

Abstract: Systems for harnessing power through electromagnetic induction utilizing printed coils are provided. A system can include one or more moveable magnets adjacent to printed coils on a circuit. For example, a system can include one or more magnets that are operative to move alongside a circuit board that includes printed coils. The one or more magnets may move, for example, when a user shakes the system or when the user walks or runs while holding the device. The movement of the one or more magnets may create an electromotive force (e.g., a voltage) across the printed coils, and this force may be used to generate electric power.

Abstract: An oscillating power generator includes a base, an energy transforming device, and an oscillating transmission device. The energy transforming device is disposed on the base for generating electric energy. The oscillating transmission device is disposed on the base for driving a driven gear shaft of the energy transforming device. The oscillating transmission device includes an oscillating part, a first ratchet transmission mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. The oscillating part is disposed outside the base in an oscillating manner. The first ratchet transmission mechanism is engaged with the driven gear shaft. The transmission mechanism is connected to the oscillating part and the first ratchet transmission mechanism for driving the first ratchet transmission mechanism when the oscillating part is oscillating, so as to drive the driven gear shaft of the energy transforming device to rotate.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic material having non-zero magnetoelasticity, and/or nonzero magnetostriction is driven with vibratory mechanical energy at a frequency producing at least one resonant vibratory mode, by coupling a source of vibratory energy to the ferromagnetic structure. The ferromagnetic material threads at least one conductive wire or wire coil, and couples to at least one source of magnetic induction, and provides an electrical power output driven by the magnetic induction. The origin of vibratory energy and the site or sites of magnetic induction are situated at distinct locations, separated by a specific distance not less than ? the fundamental acoustic wavelength. Various combinations of acoustic wavelength, ferromagnetic material type, and source of vibration produce independent transfer coefficients between acoustic and electromagnetic energy which are either positive, zero, or negative.

Abstract: A solar energy converting device includes a frame, a container, a thermal expansion member, a connecting rod, an inductor and magnetic members. The frame defines an opening. The container is positioned on an inner surface of the frame and positioned adjacent to the opening. The container defines a thermally sealed void space filled with an inert gas. The thermal expansion member is positioned on the container and partially surrounded by the container. The connecting rod has an end connected to the thermal expansion member. The magnetic members are positioned on the inner surface of the frame and configured for generating a magnetic field. The inductor coils around the connecting rod and is positioned among the magnetic members. The inductor is configured for being driven by the thermal expansion member to move back and forth in the magnetic field so as to generate a voltage.

Abstract: In a particular embodiment, a process device includes a fluid disruption generation element to generate a fluid disruption within process fluid flowing through a pipe associated with an industrial process and a process variable sensor coupled to the disruption generation element to measure a process parameter. The process device further includes a power generation element adapted to generate an electrical output signal in response to the fluid disruption and a power storage component coupled to the power generation element. The power storage component is adapted to accumulate a charge based on the electrical output signal.

Abstract: An electromechanical generator for converting mechanical vibrational energy into electrical energy, the electromechanical generator comprising an electrically conductive coil assembly and a magnet assembly, the magnet assembly comprising at least one magnet and a two-part magnetic core, the two parts of the core being mounted by a biasing device so as to be relatively vibratable at a resonant frequency along an axis about a central position thereby to cause a change of magnetic flux linked with the coil assembly to generate an electrical potential in the coil assembly.

Abstract: Systems for harnessing power through electromagnetic induction utilizing printed coils are provided. A system can include one or more moveable magnets adjacent to printed coils on a circuit. For example, a system can include one or more magnets that are operative to move alongside a circuit board that includes printed coils. The one or more magnets may move, for example, when a user shakes the system or when the user walks or runs while holding the device. The movement of the one or more magnets may create an electromotive force (e.g., a voltage) across the printed coils, and this force may be used to generate electric power.

Abstract: An energy harvesting apparatus, for deployment on a vehicle, comprises a vehicle shock absorber including a dust tube, and a damper tube telescopically mounted within the dust tube and configured for oscillating translational movement with respect thereto. A magnet is fixedly coupled to one of the dust tube or the damper tube, and a coil is fixedly coupled to the other of the dust tube or the damper tube to achieve relative translational movement between the magnet and the coil to induce a current in the coil.

Abstract: A method for providing power to a low current electronic device includes pivotably coupling a door to a door frame. A rotating member of an alternating current generator is coupled to either the edge surface of the door or the door-facing surface of the door frame. A stationary member of an alternating current generator is coupled to an other of the edge surface of the door and the door-facing surface of the door frame. The door is pivoted toward an open position to thereby rotate the rotating member and generate an alternating current. The door is pivoted toward a closed position to thereby rotate the rotating member and generate an alternating current.

Abstract: A method for harvesting energy for wireless fluid stream sensors is provided that includes locating a wireless fluid stream sensor in a fluid stream. The wireless fluid stream sensor includes a flexible membrane and a rod. Energy is harvested based on strain induced in the flexible membrane due to movement of the rod. The wireless fluid stream sensor may be powered with the harvested energy. The energy may be harvested with piezoelectric elements that are coupled to the flexible membrane or with piezoelectric elements or other type of energy-harvesting components that are located remotely from the wireless fluid stream sensor.

Abstract: A resonance frequency vibration power harvester comprises an elongate body, a first vibration energy harvester device and a weight. The elongate body includes a first end, a second end and an interior channel extending through at least a portion of the elongate body between the first end and the second end. The second end of the elongate body is for connecting to a vibration source such that the first end is cantilevered. The first vibration energy harvester device is attached adjacent the first end of the elongate body, and the weight is joined to the interior channel to adjust a resonant frequency of the elongate body.

Abstract: An energy converter for inducing membrane vibrations of a membrane when subject to a fluid flow, and converting the vibrations into another form of energy, such as electricity. The energy converter includes at least one flexible membrane, at least one electrical conductor and at least one magnetic field generator configured to apply a magnetic field to the at least one electrical conductor. One of the electrical conductor and the magnetic field generator is attached to the membrane and configured to move with the membrane. The other one of the electrical conductor and the magnetic field generator has a curved surface bending towards the membrane. When subject to a fluid flow, the membrane vibrates and creates a relative movement between the conductor and the magnetic field, which induces a current.

Abstract: A system for generating electrical energy from ambient motion that comprises two stages, a resonating electrical generator and a kinetic energy conversion system. The different stages have differing resonant frequencies to enable harvesting energy from low frequency ambient motion and converting it to high frequency resonant oscillation for efficiently generating electrical energy.

Abstract: An electrical generator including a magnetic field generator and at least one energy converter for converting energy present in fluid flows into vibrations or oscillations. The converter includes a flexible membrane having at least two fixed ends. The membrane vibrates when subject to a fluid flow. One of the electrical conductor and the magnetic field generator is attached to the membrane and configured to move with the membrane. The vibration of the membrane caused by the fluid flow causes a relative movement between the electrical conductor and the applied magnetic field. The relative movement causes a change in the strength of the magnetic field applied to the electrical conductor, and the change in the strength of the magnetic field applied to the electrical conductor induces a current flowing in the conductor.

Abstract: A linear electric generator is mounted to an article of human clothing that is subject to repetitive fore-and-aft motion when worn by a human wearer during locomotion. The linear axis of the generator is aligned generally parallel to the direction of fore-and-aft motion of the wearer to utilize the kinetic locomotion energy of the wearer for production of electricity. A separable electric connector is coupled to the output of the generator to facilitate electrical connection to a battery for charging purposes.

Abstract: An electrical generator includes one or more magnets that move relative to one or more conductors to generate an electrical signal in each conductor. Each magnet has ferrofluid bearings in the vicinity of its opposite ends to provide a low friction interface between the magnet and a support structure. The ferrofluid bearings establish a field expansion medium that directs at least a portion of the magnetic field so that a greater portion of the field intersects the conductors than in the absence of the medium. The magnet aspect ratio is preferably on the order of unity.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to convert motion into electrical energy. These electrical power generators are made compatible with standard batteries so that they can support operations of existing battery powered portable appliances with no or minimal modifications. Electrical power generators of the present invention are therefore more convenient to use than conventional batteries while reducing the needs to replace or recharge batteries. Environment friendly methods are also introduced for generating electrical power.

Abstract: A electric generation device and a method for using the same is provided. The electric generation device has a unique configuration that allows the device to generate electrical energy from the natural turbulence of a free body of water. The electric generation device uses a free flowing magnet and wire coils that capture electrons as the magnet is moved and transmit the electrons from the electric generation device to a diode bridge. The diode bridge transforms the flow of electrons to a constant polarity which allows for storage of a maximized amount of electrical power. The power may be converted to alternating current (AC) power and/or direct current (DC) power. The electric generation device may be combined with a plurality of the same to form a larger power generating grid.

Abstract: A device for generating electricity includes a first portion including a first wall defining a first fluid passage and a second portion including a second wall defining a second fluid passage. A generator is coupled between the first and second portions and is capable of generating electricity in response to flow of a fluid from the first fluid passage to the second fluid passage through the generator. The generator is capable of generating electricity sufficient to power one or more electronic devices coupled to the generator. The flow of the fluid is associated with activity of a biological system of a user, for example, cardio-pulmonary activity of the user.

Abstract: An electrical generator includes a magnet constrained to move relative to a conductor by a support structure, with a ferrofluid bearing providing an ultra low friction interface between the magnet and support structure. The assembly has a critical angle of displacement from a horizontal static position of less than 1 degree, and preferably less than 10 minutes. An electrical signal is generated in the conductor by the moving magnetic field.

Abstract: A dynamic magnet system, particularly useful for electrical generation, employs multiple magnets in polar opposition to each other for individual movement relative to a support structure. The magnets have a critical angle of displacement from a horizontal static position of less than 1 degree, with at least some of the magnets having mutually different properties. With different magnetic strengths, a greater movement is produced for both magnets in response to movements of the support structure, for particular ranges of magnetic strength ratios, than would be the case with equal magnets. The magnet movement can be translated into an electrical signal to power an operating system. Ultra low friction ferrofluid bearings can be used to establish static coefficients of friction between the magnets and support structure less than 0.02, enabling useful power generation from only slight movements of the support structure.

Abstract: An electrical generator has a plurality of spaced magnets that move together relative to at least one coil to generate an electrical signal in the coils. Equal numbers of magnets and coils, with equal lengths and spacings between them, are preferably employed. Significant enhancements in power output are achieved by orienting successive magnets in magnetic opposition to each other, so that the magnetic fields from successive magnets along the axis of movement substantially cancel each other at locations between the magnets.

Abstract: A dynamic magnet system, particularly useful for electrical generation, employs multiple magnets in polar opposition to each other and having a critical angle of displacement from a horizontal static position of less than 1 degree, to induce an electrical signal in one or more surrounding coils. The magnets interact with each other to yield multiple modes of oscillation and a greater range of response to applied inputs than is achievable with a single magnet system. A lubricant for the magnets is preferably a ferrofluid that establishes a static coefficient of friction between the magnets and their support structure less than about 0.02, with a viscosity less than 10 centipoise. The magnets can be oriented for movement in a primarily horizontal direction and are adaptable to numerous different kinds of support structures, including ring-shaped.

Abstract: A footwear includes an outsole defining a reference plane, a stand projecting from the outsole and having an inclined upper surface that is inclined relative to the reference plane, a power generator mounted on the outsole and including a rotor, and a driving unit including a weight that has a pivot end mounted pivotally on the inclined upper surface, and a free end opposite to the pivot end. The weight is connected to the rotor, and is swingable by virtue of gravity as a result of swinging of the inclined upper surface of the stand so as to drive the rotor.

Abstract: A dynamic magnet system, particularly useful for electrical generation, employs multiple magnets in polar opposition to each other for individual movement relative to a support structure. The magnets have a critical angle of displacement from a horizontal static position of less than 1 degree, with at least some of the magnets having mutually different properties. With different magnetic strengths, a greater movement is produced for both magnets in response to movements of the support structure, for particular ranges of magnetic strength ratios, than would be the case with equal magnets. The magnet movement can be translated into an electrical signal to power an operating system. Ultra low friction ferrofluid bearings can be used to establish static coefficients of friction between the magnets and support structure less than 0.02, enabling useful power generation from only slight movements of the support structure.