Abstract: A direct current (DC) power supply system performs a method of delivering electrical energy by a synchronous buck voltage regulator (VR) coupled to an information handling resource of an information handling system by switching between a high side (HS) control switch and a low side (LS) synchronous switch to regulate a direct current (DC) output voltage (VOUT) generated from an input voltage (VIN). Inductor current (IMON) values of the voltage regulator are measured during LS synchronous switch ON state. IMON values of the voltage regulator are synthesized during HS power switch ON state. A complete inductor current signal is generated that combines the measured and synthesized IMON values.

Abstract: A method of operating an AC to DC converter circuit can be provided by changing a configuration of a DC output filter circuit to reshape a current waveform in a rectifier circuit, included in the AC to DC converter circuit, based on an operating efficiency of the AC to DC converter circuit. Related circuits and articles of manufacture are also disclosed.

Abstract: A digital average-input current-mode control loop for a DC/DC power converter. The power converter may be, for example, a buck converter, boost converter, or cascaded buck-boost converter. The purpose of the proposed control loop is to set the average converter input current to the requested current. Controlling the average input current can be relevant for various applications such as power factor correction (PFC), photovoltaic converters, and more. The method is based on predicting the inductor current based on measuring the input voltage, the output voltage, and the inductor current. A fast cycle-by-cycle control loop may be implemented. The conversion method is described for three different modes. For each mode a different control loop is used to control the average input current, and the control loop for each of the different modes is described. Finally, the algorithm for switching between the modes is disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one external source terminal configured to be connected to at least one secondary terminal of a distribution transformer and at least one external load terminal configured to be connected to a load. The apparatus further includes a converter circuit coupled to the at least one external source terminal and to the at least one external load terminal and configured to provide shunt current regulation and series voltage regulation.

Abstract: A switching power supply device generates a DC output voltage based on a DC input voltage, and includes n converter units and a control unit. The control unit executes first driving control that drives k1 (where 0?k1<n) out of the n converter units when the DC output voltage has risen to an upper limit value of the reference voltage range and second driving control that drives k2 (where k1<k2?n) out of the n converter units when the DC output voltage has fallen to a lower limit value of the reference voltage range. During the first driving control, if the DC output voltage Vo reaches a first value above the upper limit value, k1 and k2 are decreased by a value k0. During the second driving control, if the DC output voltage Vo reaches a second value below the lower limit value, k1 and k2 are increased by the value k0.

Abstract: History-based valley mode switching techniques and systems are provided to reduce the frequency spreading of switching noise in a switching power converter.

Abstract: A method for managing the charge of a battery comprising: control of a rapid charging phase at increasing voltage, followed by control of an absorption phase at decreasing current regulated to a first voltage value, and in which the rapid charging phase is controlled until the voltage at the terminals of the battery reaches a second voltage value that is strictly higher than the first voltage value.

Abstract: Provided is a power factor correction circuit including an inductor having one end to which an input voltage is applied; a power switch connected between another end of the inductor and the ground, and configured to control an output of the power factor correction circuit; and a power factor correction controller configured to calculate a duty of the power switch on the basis of an output detection voltage corresponding to the output and an inductor current flowing through the inductor, calculate conduction-period information regarding a conduction period in which the inductor current flows in one switching cycle of the power switch, and compensate the calculated duty on the basis of the conduction-period information.

Abstract: An embodiment of a control system includes a pulse modulation module configured to generate a modulation signal controlling application of voltages to an electric motor, the modulation signal having a series of one or more successive pulses corresponding to a control cycle. The system also includes a current prediction module configured to receive a sampled electric current value from the electric motor taken at a sample time during a first control cycle n, predict a value of the electric current at a subsequent time related to an immediately following control cycle n+1 based on the sampled electric current value and a voltage applied to the motor during the first control cycle n, and output the predicted electric current value to the pulse modulation module. The system further includes a converter module configured to receive the modulation signal and output a voltage signal to the motor based on the modulation signal.

Abstract: A soft-switching auxiliary circuit is provided, which may be applicable to a converter including a first main switch and a second main switch. The soft-switching auxiliary circuit may include a first auxiliary switch, a second auxiliary switch, a first energy adjustment module and a second energy adjustment module. By means of the first auxiliary switch and a second auxiliary switch, the first energy adjustment module and the second energy adjustment may properly store and adjust the energy of the converter; therefore, both the first main switch and the second main switch of the converter can achieve soft-switching.

Abstract: There is provided an electronic direct current transformer circuit configuration for transferring power from a source to a load using magnetic storage coupling, the circuit comprising: an input node adapted to receive an input alternating current power source having an input direct voltage waveform; the magnetic storage coupling unit comprising: a first set of windings coupled to a first switch, a second set of windings located in series with the first set of windings with; a second switch connected at one end between the first and second set of windings and at another end to a common ground or common connection, the first and second switches having a switching frequency in a kilohertz range and switching between on and off in alternating modes; and an output node connected to the second set of windings.

Abstract: A Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuit includes an oscillator circuit. The oscillator circuit receives a valley detect signal indicating a zero current condition, determines a blanking time according to an operational cycle of the PFC circuit, and determines to initiate the operational cycle according to the valley detect signal and the blanking time. Determining the blanking time includes selecting one of a plurality of predetermined blanking times according to a count of operational cycles of the PFC circuit. The PFC circuit may operate in a Boundary Conduction Mode or a Discontinuous Conduction Mode depending on whether a charge-discharge period is greater than the blanking time. The PFC circuit may determine, according to its output voltage, a first duration of a charging period, determine a delay time according to zero current times of previous operational cycles, and extend the first duration of the charging period by the delay time.

Abstract: A single-inductor multi-output converter that includes a charge pump unit, a current supply unit, a first output unit, and a second output unit. The charge pump unit may be positioned between a first node and a second node, and may store electric charges flowing into the first node and the second node through a first capacitor, or may supply electric charges to the second node. In addition, the current supply unit may: include an inductor positioned between an input node and the first node; build up current in the inductor in the first time period; and transfer the current of the inductor to the charge pump unit in the second time period.

Abstract: A power converter includes a first load terminal used to supply a current to a load and a second load terminal used to return a feedback voltage based on the current. A calibration circuit supplies a calibrated voltage processed from the feedback voltage, and a hysteretic comparator controls a current level of the current based on a difference between the feedback voltage and the calibrated voltage.

Abstract: A booster device includes a shunt resistor with one end thereof being connected to a common bus on a low potential side and a plurality of booster circuits that are connected to one another in parallel and are connected between the other end of the shunt resistor and an input bus on a high potential side. The booster device can suppress its cost and mounting area.

Abstract: A system includes an LLC converter to convert an input DC voltage to an output DC voltage. A burst generator generates a switching signal having a burst time and a sleep time to operate the LLC converter when output load current of the LLC converter is below a predetermined threshold. A burst power calculator adjusts the sleep time for the switching signal such that output power of the LLC converter during the burst time is held substantially constant with respect to changes in the output load current.

Abstract: An EMI filter configured for an AC-DC switching power supply, and that is coupled between a DC-DC converter and a rectifier circuit that receives an AC power supply, can include: an input capacitor coupled in parallel to input terminals of the DC-DC converter; a transistor having a first terminal coupled to a first terminal of the input capacitor, and a second terminal coupled to ground; and a control circuit configured to generate a control signal that controls the transistor according to a feedback voltage that represents ripple information of an input voltage to the DC-DC converter, and at least one of a current that flows through the transistor, and a voltage at the first terminal of the transistor, where the control signal is used to regulate the voltage at the first terminal of the transistor to substantially eliminate switching frequency ripples from an input current of the DC-DC converter.

Abstract: A power supply system comprises a first power supply including a first converter for providing a first output voltage and a first micro-controller coupled to a first switch. The first switch is coupled to a common share bus. A second power supply includes a second converter for providing a second output voltage and a second micro-controller coupled to a second switch. The second switch is also coupled to the common share bus. The first micro-controller is configured to receive a first control signal designating the first power supply to be either a master power supply or a slave power supply and the second micro-controller is configured to receive a second control signal designating the second power supply to be either the master power supply or the slave power supply.

Abstract: A power system has a first control apparatus configured to generating a first command signal and a second command signal, to control the first converter on the basis of the first command signal, and to transmit the second command signal to a second control apparatus and the second control apparatus configured to control the second converter on the basis of the received second command signal. When it is requested that a state of each of the first and second converters is changed from a first state to a second state, the first control apparatus generates the first and second command signals so that the state of the second converter is changed to a third state in which both of the upper arm and the lower arm keep being in the OFF state, then the state of the first converter is changed from the first state to the second state, and then the state of the second converter is changed from the third state to the second state.

Abstract: An energy harvesting direct current to direct current ‘DC-to-DC’ converter circuit is presented. It is comprised of an energy storage element, an input configured to receive an input voltage, an output; switching means configured to perform cycles. Each cycle is marked when the input voltage reaches a reference voltage, switching the circuit such that the energy storage element enters into an energy charging state in which the energy storage element stores energy provided by the input voltage. Control means is configured to determine the reference voltage based on the number of cycles per time period performed by the circuit.

Abstract: A hybrid power conversion system includes an inverter, a switching controller, and an efficiency measurer. The inverter is connected in series to a first converter and a second converter, and the first and second converters are respectively connected to first and second direct current power supplies. The switching controller controls switching frequencies of one or more switches in the first and second converters and the inverter. The efficiency measurer measures efficiency based on the switching frequencies. The switching controller determines the switching frequencies of the one or more switches as frequencies at which the system has a predetermined efficiency based on the efficiency measured by the efficiency measurer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a DC-DC converter, includes: an inductor configured to be supplied with an input voltage; a plurality of rectifiers connected in parallel to the inductor; a plurality of p-MOS transistors connected in series to the respective rectifiers; a switch configured to connect an output side of the inductor to a reference potential; and a control circuit configured to control the p-MOS transistors and the switch. The control circuit performs control to supply a voltage to turn on a first p-MOS transistor selected from among the p-MOS transistors to a gate terminal of the first p-MOS transistor, and to supply a voltage depending on an output voltage of the first p-MOS transistor to a gate terminal of a second p-MOS transistor other than the first p-MOS transistor among the p-MOS transistors.

Abstract: Aspects of various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to applications utilizing voltage regulation. In certain embodiments, an oscillator circuit is configured to generate an oscillating signal having a frequency specified by a frequency control signal. A switching power converter is configured to regulate a voltage at an output node according to a target value. The switching power converter enables a path that provides a current to the output node for cycles of the oscillating signal in which the output voltage is below (or above) a first threshold voltage. The switching power converter prevents the path from being enabled for cycles of the oscillating signal in which the output voltage is above (or below) a second threshold voltage. A control circuit adjusts the frequency control signal based on the number of cycles of the oscillating signal in which the path is presented from being enabled.

Abstract: A power interface device includes a main switching converter, an auxiliary switching converter, a feedback sense circuit, an error amplifier, a high pass filter, a transient detection circuit, and an auxiliary control circuit. The transient detection circuit is configured to receive the higher frequency component of the transient signal and output an enable signal when the higher frequency component of the transient signal falls outside of an operating window range defined by a first threshold and a second threshold and output a disable signal when the higher frequency component of the transient signal stays within the operating window range. The auxiliary control circuit configured to activate the auxiliary switching converter in accordance with the enable signal and to deactivate the auxiliary switching converter in accordance with the disable signal.

Abstract: A P-MOS transistor may be used as either a switch in a DC-DC converter or as a pass transistor of a linear regulator. When a supply voltage is above a certain voltage, the P-MOS transistor will be used in the DC-DC converter and when below the certain voltage the P-MOS transistor will be used in the linear regulator. The supply voltage may be monitored with a voltage comparator that compares the supply voltage to the certain voltage. Above the certain voltage the DC-DC converter is more efficient than the linear regulator and below the certain voltage the linear voltage regulator is more efficient than the DC-DC converter. Alternatively, selecting either the DC-DC converter or linear regulator may be done by using bonding, a jumper, a fuse link or programming a bit for different product applications during integrated circuit package fabrication or end product manufacturing.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method includes generating a pulse-width-modulated signal having a duty cycle, and isolating a power-supply output node in response to the duty cycle corresponding to a signal magnitude that is less than a magnitude of an output signal on the power-supply output node. For example, where a power supply has a non-zero residual output signal (e.g., output voltage) on its output node after the power supply is deactivated, a power-supply controller can use such a technique to reduce or eliminate a drop in the residual output signal caused by, or that would be caused by, a restarting of the power supply.

Abstract: Circuits, devices, and method for bypassing voltage regulation in voltage regulators. A voltage regulator may include a duty cycle component configured to determine whether a duty cycle of the voltage regulator is greater than a threshold duty cycle. The voltage regulator may also include a first sensing component configured to determine whether an output voltage of the voltage regulator is less than a first threshold voltage. The voltage regulator may further include a regulating component, coupled to the duty cycle component and the first sensing component, the regulating component configured to pass an input voltage to the output of the voltage regulator based on a first determination that the duty cycle is greater than the threshold duty cycle and a second determination that the output voltage of the voltage regulator is less than the first threshold voltage.

Abstract: A boost DC-DC converter operating in pulse frequency modulation (PFM) and pulse width modulation (PWM) modes includes a plurality of PWM signal generators. The PWM signal generators generate PWM signals with different duty cycles. PWM signals with larger duty cycles may be selected for use in undervoltage situations.

Abstract: A power conversion circuit is provided. A reference signal is integrated over a first time period. A second signal is generated that is approximately proportional to an output current of the power conversion circuit. The second signal is integrated over a second time period. A first result of the integration of the reference signal is compared to a second result of the integration of the second signal. A fault signal is asserted if the second result is greater than the first result.

Abstract: A circuit includes a signal generator to generate an output signal to vary the switching frequency of a switching circuit to mitigate noise in the switching circuit. The signal generator includes a modulation waveform generator (MWG) to generate a ramp signal in response to a numerical input and a switching signal from the switching circuit. The ramp signal is employed to modulate the frequency of the output signal of the signal generator over a range of frequencies from a minimum frequency to a maximum frequency. A frequency adjuster circuit modulates the amplitude of the ramp signal by adjusting at least one of the minimum frequency or the maximum frequency of the range of frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a voltage boosting circuit capable of modulating duty cycle automatically, which comprises an inductor, a switching module, and a control circuit. The inductor is coupled to an input for receiving an input power. The switching module is coupled among the inductor, a ground, and an output for switching so that the input power can charge the inductor and produce charged energy, or for switching so that the charged energy of the inductor can discharge to the output and produce an output voltage. The control circuit outputs at least a control signal according to the charged energy and the output voltage for controlling the switching module to switch the inductor and provide the input power to the output, to switch the charged energy of the inductor to discharge to the output, or to switch the input power to charge the inductor.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC converter includes an input voltage node, an inductor, and a switch coupled to the inductor and the input voltage node. More specifically, the switch has an on state and off state, wherein during the on state, current flowing through the inductor increases and the off state results in a decrease of the current flowing through the inductor via a driver coupled to the switch. The driver comprises a plurality of transistors and an adaptive voltage node, wherein a voltage level at the adaptive voltage node is to vary in accordance with the current flowing through the inductor so as to decrease a variation of the amount of time to turn off the switch.

Abstract: A switching shunt regulator circuit includes a current source having an input for receiving an input voltage and an output for providing a DC current, and a shunt voltage regulator coupled to the output of the current source. The current source is configured to provide DC current to a DC load and DC current to the shunt voltage regulator when the DC load is coupled to the output. The DC current to the shunt voltage regulator regulates a voltage at the output. The shunt voltage regulator has a current carrying capacity greater than the sum of the DC current to the DC load and the DC current to the shunt voltage regulator.

Abstract: A power converter, configured to convert AC mains power to a DC output voltage which is lower than the AC mains' peak voltage, is disclosed. It comprises: a capacitor configured to store charge at a voltage range which is intermediate the peak voltage and the DC output voltage; a gated rectification stage comprising a rectifier for rectifying an AC mains power, and at least one switch configured to supply the rectified AC mains power to the capacitor during only a low-voltage part of a half-cycle of the AC mains; and a switched mode DC-DC power conversion stage comprising at least one further switch and configured to convert power from the capacitor to the DC output voltage during only a high-voltage part of the half-cycle. A controller for use in such a converter, and a corresponding method, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A signal booster device comprises at least one first antenna for communicating with a mobile, at least one second antenna for communicating with a base station, at least one amplifier and at least one power detector. The signal booster device adjusts a gain between the at least two antennas by altering an amplification factor. A normal operation gain is achieved by setting the amplification factor to a first amplification factor. An oscillation is detected by determining at least one first signal power, increasing the operation gain of the signal booster device by setting the amplification factor to a second amplification factor wherein the second amplification factor is higher than the first amplification factor, determining at least one second signal power, correlating the at least one first signal power with the at least one second signal power; and determining whether a status of the signal booster device is oscillation or normal based upon the result of the correlation.

Abstract: Disclosed examples include self-biased DLL circuits to generate a bias current signal proportional to a repetition frequency of a first signal representing continuous switching or discontinued switching operation of the DC-DC converter. The DLL circuit includes a monostable multivibrator to provide a pulse output signal in response to an edge of the first signal with a pulse duration set by a control current signal, a phase detector to provide output signals according to a phase difference between an edge of the pulse output signal and the first signal, and an output circuit to provide an output signal according to the phase detector output signals and according to an offset signal, to provide the bias current signal according to the output signal, and to provide the control current signal according to the output signal.

Abstract: RF circuitry includes a filter, a termination impedance, and band switching circuitry. The filter is coupled between a first input/output node and a common node and configured to pass RF signals within a transmit portion of a first operating band from the first input/output node to the common node while attenuating signals outside of the transmit portion of the first operating band. The termination impedance is coupled between a termination impedance node and ground. The band switching circuitry is configured to couple the termination impedance node to the first input/output node such that the termination impedance is coupled between the first input/output node and ground in a first mode of operation. In a second mode of operation, the band switching circuitry is configured to provide RF transmit signals within the transmit portion of the first operating band to the first input/output node.

Abstract: In this DC/DC converter, a first controller calculates a first operation value on the basis of a difference between output voltage Vout and a first calculated value calculated on the basis of a detection value of voltage of the charge/discharge capacitor. A second controller calculates a second operation value on the basis of a difference between a charge/discharge capacitor voltage target value Vcf* and charge/discharge capacitor voltage Vcf. In control blocks, addition and subtraction of the first and second operation values are performed, and the conduction rates for switching elements are controlled, to control the output voltage and a charge/discharge capacitor voltage, thereby preventing application of overvoltage to the switching elements.

Abstract: A DC-DC converter includes n number of first series circuits each including an inductor and a switching element and a second series circuit in which n number of rectifier elements are connected in series with a same rectification direction. When n=2, one end of the second series circuit is connected to a node between an inductor and a switching element in the first series circuit and the other end of the second series circuit is connected to one end of a smoothing capacitor and one end of a load. A node between an inductor and a switching element is connected to a node between the rectifier elements via a capacitor. The odd-numbered switching element and the even-numbered switching element in the order of connection to the second series circuit are complementarily driven.

Abstract: In a control apparatus for an AC motor, a voltage waveform specifying unit of an inverter control unit specifies a voltage waveform for operating the inverter, based on a voltage vector calculated by a voltage command calculation unit. A spectrum amplitude extraction unit acquires values of bus current of the inverter and extracts the spectrum amplitude of the specific frequency that corresponds to the LC resonance frequency of the converter. A boost/non-boost state judgement unit of a converter control unit determines whether the state required by the converter in the next control cycle is the boost state or the non-boost state. When the spectrum amplitude of the specific frequency, correlated with the voltage waveform, is higher than the judgement threshold value and the converter is in the non-boost state, a voltage command value alteration unit changes the voltage command reference value such that the converter transitions to the boost state.

Abstract: A switch mode power supply (SMPS) with control scheme selection for high-voltage configuration and low-voltage configuration of the SMPS. The SMPS operates in at least a charge state or a release state. The SMPS has a mode control module receiving a mode setting signal indicative of the configuration of the SMPS and a state indication signal indicative of the state of the SMPS. The SMPS selects a boost control module or a buck control module to control the SMPS according to the mode setting signal and the state indication signal.

Abstract: A converter includes one chip constituted a switching device and a diode. An electronic control unit is configured to calculate a temperature estimated value of the switching device from control conditions of the converter, restrict a control upper-limit value of charge power or discharge power of a battery, when a detection value of a temperature sensor is higher than the temperature estimated value of the switching device, and the detection value of the temperature sensor exceeds a protection temperature of the diode, and restrict a control upper-limit value of charge power or discharge power of the battery, when the detection value of the temperature sensor is lower than the temperature estimated value of the switching device, and the detection value of the temperature sensor exceeds a protection temperature of the switching device.

Abstract: A switching power stage for producing a load voltage at a load output of the switching power stage, wherein the load output comprises a first load terminal having a first load voltage and a second load terminal having a second load voltage such that the load voltage comprises a difference between the first and the second load voltages, that may include: a power converter comprising a power inductor and a plurality of switches, wherein the power converter is configured to drive a power converter output terminal; a linear amplifier configured to drive a linear amplifier output terminal; and a controller for controlling the plurality of switches and the linear amplifier in order to generate the load voltage as a function of an input signal to the controller such that energy delivered to the load output is supplied predominantly by the power converter.

Abstract: A feed forward controlling circuit is used to perform a feed forward controlling method to restrain ripple of the output voltage in a power converter. The power converter is controlled by a control signal outputted from an output terminal of a controller. The method includes steps of: receiving an output voltage from an output terminal of a voltage converter; attenuating the output voltage to generate an electrical signal; acquiring a DC signal from the electrical signal; and obtaining a ripple compensation signal in accordance with the electrical signal and the DC signal to output to an output terminal of a controller. The output terminal of the controller outputs a control signal to control the power converter.

Abstract: A switching power supply includes: a switching device connected between a power supply input terminal and a ground terminal via an inductance element; an output circuit that generates a prescribed output voltage by rectifying and smoothing current obtained from the inductance element as the switching device is switched ON and OFF; an output voltage control circuit that controls an ON time of the switching device on the basis of a feedback voltage obtained through the output voltage of the output circuit; and a short-circuit detection circuit that outputs a short-circuit detection signal by detecting short-circuits in the switching device on the basis of a voltage applied to a control terminal of the switching device when the switching device is ON, the short-circuit detection signal being used to control operation of the output voltage control circuit so as to gradually reduce the ON time of the switching device.

Abstract: An inverter apparatus is provided for converting direct current to alternating current. The inverter apparatus includes a boost converter coupled between a power source and a bypass circuit, and a power inverter coupled between the bypass circuit and a load to generate an output voltage. The output voltage is powered by the power source directly via the bypass circuit without activating the boost converter when the output voltage is smaller than a threshold voltage. The output voltage is powered by the power source boosted by the boost converter when the output voltage is larger than the threshold voltage. High efficiency is achieved by bypassed the boost converter.

Abstract: An energy saving alternate current (AC) series voltage regulator comprises an AC high frequency (HF) series voltage buck power regulator, a bypass contactor (K1), a bidirectional AC semiconductor device (S1) connected in parallel with the bypass contactor and a control circuitry. Under the condition of an input AC mains voltage (Vin) drops below a specified and set optimum energy savings voltage or a lower selected voltage point, the control circuitry transitions both the slow bypass contactor and the fast bidirectional AC semiconductor device, then the AC high frequency (HF) series voltage buck power regulator are switched out to save the AC high frequency (HF) series voltage buck power regulator internal power electronics usage. Under this condition, the lower input AC mains voltage is directly delivered to an electrical load by the contactor bypass system, hence achieving more energy savings.

Abstract: A DC boosting circuit includes switch connected to a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit includes first and second elements, and the second circuit includes the second element and a third element. The first and second elements store energy based on an input voltage when the switch is in a first state. The third element stores energy from the second element when the switch is in the second state. The second circuit outputs a voltage greater than the input voltage, and the first, second, and third elements are reactors or capacitors.

Abstract: An estimate of voltage regulator input power is provide by estimating output power of the voltage regulator based on output voltage and output current of the voltage regulator, estimating power loss of the voltage regulator and estimating input power of the voltage regulator based on the estimated output power and the estimated power loss.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power converter stage (2) for providing power supply to a power converter controller (3), a power converter controller (3) for such power converter stage (2), a power converter (1) including such power converter stage (2) and such power converter controller (3), a method for providing power to a controller (3) of a power converter (1) and a software product for controlling a power converter (1).