Abstract: A test circuit and programmable voltage divider that may be used in the test circuit. The programmable voltage divider develops a voltage difference signal that may be digitally selected. The test circuit may be used to test and characterize sense amplifiers. The programmable voltage divider develops a signal with a selected polarity and magnitude that is provided to a sense amplifier being tested. The sense amplifier is set and its output latched. The latch contents are checked against an expected value. The difference voltage may be changed and the path retested to find passing and failing points.

Abstract: The device (12) is used for supplying power to a rapid clocking and/or a rapidly clocked integrated circuit (13), which comprises a circuit load (17) to be supplied and an internal capacity (15) which is connected parallel to the circuit load (17). The integrated circuit (13) has a high clocking frequency (f1) which is in particular at least in the MHz range A supply unit (14) which is in particular designed as a current source is directly connected to the internal capacity (15). The supply unit (14) has an inner resistance, the impedance value of which is so high with the clocking frequency (f1) that a current (ID2) which supplies the circuit load (17) originates to a greater degree from the inner capacity (15) than from the supply unit (14).

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a reference voltage generation circuit relatively unaffected by ambient temperature, capable of supplying reference voltage equal to or less than the bandgap voltage of silicon. The reference voltage generation circuit includes: a current generation circuit which generates current; and a current-voltage conversion circuit which converts the current generated by said current generation circuit into voltage to generate reference voltage. The current generation circuit generates current which varies in value according to ambient temperature of the current generation circuit. The current-voltage conversion circuit includes two resistors, in which the current generated by the said current generation circuit flows, and which perform voltage conversion. One of the resistors has a positive temperature coefficient and the other has a negative temperature coefficient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for selectively changing the current threshold of current limiting circuitry are provided. The current limit threshold of current limiting circuitry may be selectively changed based on a detected power source using a resistive network. The current limiting threshold may be selected by changing a resistance value of a resistive network electrically coupled to an input on the current limiting circuitry (e.g., battery controller) for programming the current limiting threshold. The resistance value received by the currently limiting circuitry at this input may set the current threshold and thus the maximum magnitude of current that may be provided to charge a battery or other energy storage device located in the electronic device (e.g., a mobile phone).

Abstract: In one embodiment, a switch capacitor controller (20) is configured to use a drive signal (45) to drive the switched capacitor (26) with a signal having a time dependent transition time.

Abstract: A power supply step-down circuit is adapted to a semiconductor integrated circuit having a first operation mode and a second operation mode having a smaller current consumption than the first operation mode. The power supply step-down circuit includes a first step-down circuit activated only during the first operation mode to step down an input power supply voltage to an output voltage, a second step-down circuit provided integrally with the first step-down circuit and activated only during the second operation mode to step down the input power supply voltage to an output voltage, an output terminal to output the output voltage of one of the first and second step-down circuits that is activated, and an output circuit to maintain the output voltage that is output from the output terminal lower than the input power supply voltage for a first predetermined time when an operation mode makes a transition from the first operation mode to the second operation mode.

Abstract: A 4–20 mA interface circuit is disclosed having a resistor in series with a DC/DC converter, and further having a current bypass circuit in parallel to the series combination of the resistor and DC/DC converter. In this way, a 4–20 mA analog current at a low frequency may be bypassed around the series combination, whereas a high-frequency current carrying a digital communications signal may be presented with the resistor as its only effective input impedance. In this way, the 4–20 mA current sees an input impedance which allows the 4–20 mA current to be used in supplying power to an external device, whereas the high-frequency current sees an impedance which allows a reliable, low-distortion reading of the digital communications signal therefrom. The high-frequency current may be superimposed on the 4–20 mA, low-frequency current.

Abstract: A boost converter utilizing bi-directional magnetic energy transfer of coupling inductor provides a high efficiency boost DC-DC converting with above 30 times voltage boost rate, which uses a coupling inductor and low voltage switch to absorb circuit induction voltage of a passive regenerative snubber no matter if switch is turned on or off. Such that, a much higher voltage boost rate than the turn rate of transformer and wider range of switching duty cycle is obtained. A bi-directional magnetic energy path is utilized, that is, when switch is turned on the first winding of coupling inductor stores magnetic excited high current energy, and opposite magnetic flux is induced on the second winding at the same time. When switch is turned off the magnetic excited current continues and increases the voltage on the second winding. The second winding has bi-directional magnetic current induced and fully utilizes capacity of transformer's iron core.

Abstract: A DC/DC converter according to the present invention includes first and second transformers, each including a primary winding and a secondary winding, the primary winding including first and second windings, a first diode connected to both ends of a series circuit including the DC power supply, a first switch, and the first winding of the first transformer, a second diode connected to both ends of a series circuit including the DC power supply, a second switch, and the first winding of the second transformer, a first series circuit connected to both ends of the first diode, the first series circuit including the second winding of the first transformer and a smoothing capacitor, a second series circuit connected to both ends of the second diode, the second series circuit including the second winding of the second transformer and the smoothing capacitor, a reactor connected to both ends of a series circuit including the secondary winding of the first transformer and the secondary winding of the second transform

Abstract: A structure and method for damping LC (inductance-capacitance) ringing in integrated circuit (IC) power distribution systems. The structure comprises a resistance electrically connected in parallel with a plurality of electrical switches. The resistance and electrical switches are electrically connected in series with the package and on-chip power distribution circuit. When on-chip switching activity creates a sudden and appreciable change in IC power demand the electrical switches are opened to temporarily increase the resistance in series with the power supply. This serves to dampen the power-distribution LC ringing. Later, the electrical switches are closed to shunt the series resistance and reduce the level of steady-state voltage drop in the power structure.

Abstract: a voltage recovery device is configured to provide real and reactive power to a utility power network at a sufficient level and for a sufficient duration to recover the voltage on the utility power network within a predetermined proportion of the nominal voltage, following a fault condition detected on the utility power network. Moreover, the voltage recovery device reduces the overall transmission losses in a utility power system.

Abstract: A method for dimmable control of a multiple output EL lamp driver is disclosed. The multiple output EL lamp driver has a power converter. A plurality of EL lamps are provided wherein one terminal of each EL lamp is coupled to a single common terminal. A plurality of half bridge circuits are provided wherein each circuit has an output impedance. One half bridge circuit is coupled to the single common terminal and each remaining terminal of each EL lamp is coupled to a separate individual half bridge circuit. A logic circuit is coupled to each of the half bridge. An oscillator is coupled to the logic circuit. The method comprises: minimizing the output impedance of the half bridge circuit coupled to the single common terminal to prevent to brightness crosstalk between EL lamps; selecting output impedances of remaining half bridge circuits to produce rounded waveforms across terminals of the EL lamps; and manipulating a drive waveform of one of the plurality of EL lamps to control brightness.

Abstract: An apparatus for compensating for the effects of resonance in an integrated circuit's power distribution network is provided. A resonance detector monitors transmissions from the integrated circuit for certain bit patterns that may excite the power distribution network at a specific frequency and cause power supply resonance. Power supply resonance causes an increase in power supply impedance. When offending transmissions are detected, the resonance detector activates a damping element on the integrated circuit which dampens the resonance. The damping element is a resistive device between two power supply lines that decreases power supply impedance when activated.

Abstract: Shunt automatically controlled output circuit incorporating stored voltage or counter EMF loading, featuring serial incorporation of an isolation diode way between a D.C. power supply and battery in which a voltage is stored or a D.C. motor bearing an armatured counter EMF, such that once a loading which functions to store voltage as well such as a load in the form of a secondary cell or capacitor or super-capacitance capacitor or of a D.C. motor bearing a counter EMF by reason of its terminal voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold, the resistor that is shunted in parallel across the power supply will be made conductive by the load voltage testing circuit, whereby voltage on the power supply side is reduced, and that bringing about a cut in the voltage differential with respect to the loading terminal, so that power that is being delivered to the load is reduced in the long run.

Abstract: A load emulator provides a high current load having a specified high slew rate to replicate the load and transient currents generated by advanced high speed microprocessors. The load emulator is implemented in the form of an L-C delay line having taps between separate load stages wherein each of the load stages provides a load which forms a portion of the total load in the load emulator. The load emulator, can achieve and exceed a current slew rate of 1 ampere per nanosecond, and can achieve and exceed a load current of 50 amperes.

Abstract: A method for providing a regulated core voltage to a processor within a computer system is disclosed. In accordance with a method and system of the present invention, a power supply is provided for a processor that includes multiple core transistors and multiple I/O transistors. An input voltage is supplied to a first power input of the processor for powering the I/O transistors within the processor. This input voltage is also supplied to a second power input of the processor for powering the core transistors within the processor via a voltage regulator and a resistor, with the voltage regulator and the resistor connected in parallel, such that the voltage drop across said voltage regulator can be reduced.

Abstract: A power lag compensation device is provided including a housing. A socket assembly is situated within the interior space of the housing for releasably receiving a plug connected to an appliance for being in electrical communication therewith. A plug assembly is mounted on the housing and extended therefrom exterior of the housing. The plug assembly includes a pair of spaced parallel rectangular prongs. The rectangular prongs each have an associated interconnect wire connected to a corresponding socket of the socket assembly. The plug assembly serves to releasably insert within a socket which is connected to an alternating current power source. A triggering mechanism is connected in communication with one of the interconnect wires within the housing. The triggering mechanism is adapted for producing an activation signal upon the detection of a current flow therethrough.

Abstract: A voltage regulator for regulating a power source that supplies an input signal includes input terminals connected across the power supply, a voltage sensor, a reference generator, a variable load unit, and a control unit. The voltage sensor is connected across the input terminals and receives the input signal and generates a scaled input signal from the input signal that is a fraction of the input signal in magnitude. The reference generator receives the scaled input signal from the voltage sensor and generates a reference signal. The variable load unit is connected across the input terminals. The control unit receives and compares the scaled input signal and the reference signal and instructs the variable load unit to dissipate a first portion of the input signal if the scaled input signal exceeds the reference signal.

Abstract: In a method for monitoring and/or control of a plant component (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) connected to an electric power network (N1, N2), for example a tunable filter for harmonic filtering or a capacitor bank for generating reactive power in a converter plant for high-voltage direct current, products of, respectively, a voltage (U.sub.A, U.sub.B, U.sub.C, U.sub.D) occurring in the plant component and of a current (I.sub.A, I.sub.B, I.sub.C, I.sub.D, I.sub.AC) flowing therethrough are formed, and sine and cosine signals, the frequencies of which are equal to the product of the ordinal number of a selected tone and a fundamental frequency associated with the power network, the products are integrated and the phase difference (.phi..sub.un -.phi..sub.In) and/or the amplitude value (SUn, SIn, respectively) between/for the components of the voltage and the current of the selected tone are formed by quotient generation, multiplication, and summation of the integrated products.

Abstract: A firing controlled scheme including a method and apparatus for vernier operation of a shunt-connected thyristor-controlled capacitor (STCC) uses phase controlled firing of the thyristors based on monitored line voltage, monitored thyristor current, and a thyristor current command to vary the effective reactance of the capacitor. The STCC includes a capacitor and surge inductor connected in shunt across a power transmission line via a thyristor switch. A vernier controller predicts an upcoming firing angle based on the above parameters and switches the thyristor circuit to partially conduct pulses of thyristor current at different amplitude levels depending upon the commanded firing angle. By varying the firing angle, variable inductive and capacitive reactive power can be selectively delivered to the transmission line.

Abstract: A switching current converter is connected in parallel with each controlled power switch in an electric circuit so that it is allowed to operate from the input voltage and transfer energy from input to output during the turn-on periods of the controlled power switch, whereby each power switch is allowed to be turned ON when a near-to-zero voltage is present across it. The switching converter serves as an active power switch stress relieving means, resulting in minimizing the switching loss in the power switch while providing the energy for operation of the power switch in a very efficient way.

Abstract: A dynamic braking system resistor for stabilizing a power system during power system disturbances includes a braking resistor for coupling with a power system bus. A controller monitors a power system parameter, such as the speed of a generator coupled with the power system bus, and determine therefrom a thyristor control signal. The controller uses the power system parameter to establish a desired modulation and then provides a bias to the desired modulation. The controller conditions the biased desired modulation signal to provide the thyristor control signal. A thyristor valve responsive to the thyristor control signal couples the braking resistor with a ground potential. A method is also provided of damping subsequent oscillations on a power system following a power system disturbance using the dynamic braking resistor.

Abstract: There is disclosed a diode snubber for the voltage transients generated in the parasitic inductance of a switched resistor when current therethrough is interrupted. Also disclosed is the use of such a diode snubber in: a series switched resistor regulator; a shunt switched resistor regulator; a hybrid switched resistor regulator and a passbank switched resistor regulator. Also disclosed is the use of a linear dissipative regulator in all these forms of switched resistor regulators to maximize the effiency of power delivery to the load.

Abstract: There is disclosed a diode snubber for the voltage transients generated in the parasitic inductance of a switched resistor when current therethrough is interrupted. Also disclosed is the use of such a diode snubber in: a series switched resistor regulator; a shunt switched resistor regulator; a hybrid switched resistor regulator and a passbank switched resistor regulator. Also disclosed is the use of a linear dissipative regulator in all these forms of switched resistor regulators to maximize the efficiency of power delivery to the load.

Abstract: A voltage regulator for an anode voltage supply in a CRT powered by a deflection flyback pulse generator includes a voltage sensing network for providing a feedback signal to a summing amplifier. A pulse sensing network which may be a capacitive divider is connected between the output of the flyback pulse generator and the input to the summing amplifier. The resultant output of the summing amplifier is the flyback pulse level shifted with respect to a DC level which is applied to a MOSFET switch to turn it on whenever the flyback pulse goes above the MOSFET's threshold. The output of the MOSFET switches current through a shunt capacitor coupled to the output of the deflection flyback pulse generator for altering its capacitance thereby regulating the height of the flyback pulses, and thus regulating the anode voltage supply.

Abstract: An apparatus for accurately determining motion of a jaw without restricting its natural motion is disclosed. The apparatus comprises upper and lower jaw motion elements, at least two sensors and a phase detecting circuit. The sensors detect a phase of an alternating current induced within them.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for reducing an interference current produced by a load (2). The frequency of the interference current is considerably higher than the frequency of a supply voltage source (1) which is coupled to the load. In order to reduce the interference current, a compensation circuit is provided comprising at least one connection branch connected in the leads between the load and the supply voltage source and having each time a series-combination of a capacitor and a controlled signal source. Each signal source supplies a current dependent upon a control signal. The control signals are derived from the current flowing in a lead to the connection branch or away from it. The magnitude and the phase of the currents supplied by the signal sources are proportioned so that the interference current flows for the major part through the connection branch.

Abstract: A switched resistor regulator controls current flow through a resistor electrically connected to a load by varying the duty cycle of switching the resistor into electrical connection between of a power source and the load to regulate the power to the load. Both current and voltage regulation can be achieved. In a series switched configuration, current flow through a resistor in series with the load is controlled with current flow being maintained by a capacitor is parallel with the load when the resistor is switched off. In a shunt switched configuration current flow through a resistor in parallel with the load is controlled, with a capacitor parallel to the load also being used. In a hybrid configuration a shunt switched resistor is used while the current level to the load is changed by selecting one of several series resistors; a capacitor is also provided parallel to the load.

Abstract: A circuit resistance adjusting device for producing a combined resistance consisting of a plurality of resistances which are selectively connected by a switching member. The switching member includes a plurality of switching elements and fuses which are respectively connected with the resistances, wherein when a hold signal is applied to the switching member, the fuses are adapted be fused off. A patterning member sequentially generates a predetermined pattern signal to the switching member on a step-by-step basis when a signal is applied to the patterning member, so that the resistances are respectively connected sequentially. Thus, upon the application of the hold signal, the patterning member is held to generate a pattern signal and the connection of the resistances is fixed by the fused-off of the fuses.

Abstract: A temperature compensating voltage generator circuit for compensating temperature characteristics of an electric circuit whose electrical characteristic varies in accordance with the change of the ambient temperature and whose electrical characteristic can be changed or controlled by a control voltage. The temperature compensating voltage generator circuit comprising a plurality of temperature sensitive resistor circuits, a plurality of diode circuits and one or more resistor circuits. A temperature compensating voltage from the temperature compensating voltage generator circuit being independently adjustable at each predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A circuit for simulating a slide wire device includes a pair of resistors connected electrically in series with a reference voltage source. Switching means are provided for alternately shorting the resistors in a duty cycle fashion such that when one of the resistors is shorted, the other resistor is unshorted. By adjusting this duty cycle, the output provided by the circuit is adjusted and a slide wire device simulated.

Abstract: The present invention refers to capacitive voltage transformers.In accordance with one embodiment a capacitive voltage transformer has two capacitors connected in series between a point on a high voltage line and a reference point such as earth and two impedances connected in series with the two capacitors.A medium voltage electromagnetic detector is connected between the common point of the two capacitors and the common point of the two impedances. An electronic voltage detector is connected to the terminals of the series circuit formed by the two impedances, the values of the latter being selected in order that the instantaneous voltage at the terminals of the electronic detector is always a constant fraction of the voltage taken off between the line and the reference point.Application to the operation of highspeed static protections from a capacitive voltage transformer having a medium voltage electromagnetic circuit.