Abstract: A high-speed digital peak detector for determining the peak voltage of an input analog signal and for providing a one of N unary digital output corresponding to the peak voltage, where N is a positive integer, comprising a plurality of N self-latching voltage detectors in a flash-encoding or parallel encoding arrangement, each detector comprising a latchable differential voltage comparator and an Exclusive/Or gate, each of the comparators and gates having first and second input terminals and first and second output terminals and each of the comparators further having first and second latch function input terminals. The second output terminal of each of the comparators is connected to the first input terminal of a corresponding one of the gates, and the first and second output terminals of the corresponding one of the gates is connected, respectively, to the first and second latch function input terminals of the corresponding one of the comparators.

Abstract: A plurality of proximity sensors are disposed in a turbine flow guide to measure flow guide-to-turbine blade tip distance at various points around the flow guide. The sensor signals are detected and the peak-to-peak voltage of the detected signals provides an indication of the desired distance measurement. The signals are also monitored and if ambient operating conditions causes the signals to exceed predetermined positive or negative thresholds, corrective signals are generated so as to bring the detected signal back into an acceptable range. A proximity sensor is also provided to measure axial movement of the rotor to which the blades are attached so that the other sensor signals can be modified as a function of the measured axial position.

Abstract: An ammeter apparatus and method of taking current reading includes current inputs receiving a signal from a current source through a suitable gate. A conversion circuit having a preamplifier and an amplifier, in inverted configuration, produce a signed voltage proportional to the current signal. The signed voltage is passed, to both a rectifier and a polarity indicator through another gate. A comparator switches the polarity indicator gate and a third gate upon receipt of a threshold value rectified voltage from the rectifier. The third gate interconnects the rectifier and a charge-retaining element, and a meter outputs a display corresponding to the charge thereon. A fourth gate connects the charge-retaining element to ground in order to discharge the retained charge. A timing circuit with a manual override operates the input gate and the fourth gate, and a timed power supply provides operating voltage for the circuit.

Abstract: Circuitry for detecting a pulse having a duration as short as 10 nanoseconds. The circuitry includes a storage device for storing the peak amplitude of the pulse. Signal resolution enhancement circuitry is responsive to the storage device for establishing a plurality of channels respectively corresponding to a plurality of signal amplitude ranges where the range of signal amplitudes for each successive range is larger than that of the range preceding it. Peak signal detecting circuitry is responsive to the signal resolution enhancement circuitry for (a) scanning the channels, (b) selecting one of the channels, the selected channel being such that the peak amplitude falls within the range for the channel, and (c) detecting the peak amplitude of the pulse.

Abstract: An improved amplitude sensing system for detecting the signal amplitude from the read head in a magnetic storage device wherein the signal amplitude is compared to a threshold voltage. When the signal amplitude is greater than the threshold voltage, the amplitude sensor output is high, indicating sufficient amplitude, and when the signal amplitude is less than the threshold voltage, the amplitude sensor output is low, indicating insufficient amplitude. The threshold voltage is selected to be the higher of a fixed minimum voltage, the minimum long term acceptable read head signal level, or an adaptive voltage derived from the peak voltages of the read head signal amplitude, which is a fixed percentage of the long term read head signal level. When the read head signal is not present for a long time, or while tape motion is starting, the fixed minimum voltage prevents invalid amplitude sensor output.

Abstract: A measured signal is supplied to an indication section through a high-frequency amplifier, a frequency converter, and an intermediate frequency amplifier. A predetermined local oscillation signal from a local oscillator is supplied to the frequency converter. A reference signal generator generates harmonic pulses having a uniform level at a spectral interval substantially equal to or larger than the predetermined passband of the intermediate frequency amplifier, the uniform level being used to calibrate a level of the signal to be measured. A frequency setting section sets the frequency of the measured signal. A first switching section switches an input to the high-frequency amplifier to an output side of the reference signal generator in accordance with the frequency set by the frequency setting section.

Abstract: A gated peak detector capable of operating at frequencies of the order of 50 Mhz. and with pulse repetition rates of the order of 10,000 pulses per second includes high speed positive and negative peak detectors driving corresponding sample and hold circuits, the outputs of which are combined in a differential amplifier, the output of which is digitized to provide an output digital signal corresponding to the peak-to-peak value of the input waveform. An automatic polarity selector circuit sums the outputs from the sample and hold circuits, compares the sum to a reference voltage, and controls switches connected to the outputs of the sample and hold circuits and to the input of an analog sample and hold circuit which provides an analog output signal corresponding to the larger of the detected peak values.

Abstract: A simplified system of recording and displaying input data signals having a multi-stage memory that provides a given magnitude output signal to a meter or recorder for each memory stage energized, with said memory having a stage, magnitude discriminator circuit, and a scaling network for interfacing signal inputs to appropriate memory stages, with a timer for resetting the memory stages to provide an update readout periodically to the meter, and with a direct display for displaying the particular memory stages that are energized, providing a direct display readout of the meter readings.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed which permits a high speed waveform, for example n the form of a series of analog data pulses, to be sampled and converted into a series of digital values. Each analog data pulse is applied in parallel to a multiplicity of A/D converters and to one or more level detectors. Each level detector provides a strobe when the voltage of the analog data pulse crosses a reference threshold. The strobes are applied to delay means whose outputs are a multiplicity of delayed strobe pulses which have been delayed by predetermined amounts. Each of the multiplicity of delayed strobes is applied, along with the analog data pulse, to one of the multiplicity of A/D converters. Each of the multiplicity of A/D converters samples the analog data pulse in response to the particular delayed strobe applied thereto and provides a digital value of that sample. The largest of the digital values from each of the A/D converters is provided as the output of the apparatus for each analog data pulse.

Abstract: A frequency domain characteristic of a system under test (SUT) is measured by using a digital signal corresponding to a swept frequency analog signal. In the case of a digital SUT, the digital signal is applied to the SUT, the output signal from the SUT is converted to analog form, and a measure of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the analog signal is derived. In the case of an analog SUT, the digital signal is converted to digital form, the analog signal is applied to the SUT, and a measure of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the output signal from the SUT is derived.

Abstract: A transient detector system for monitoring a voltage signal to detect positive and negative transient voltages on the voltage signal that penetrates a predetermined threshold band, the transient detector system being synchronized to an internal clock signal and providing first and second output signals characterizing the amplitude of the last largest respective positive transient noise signal and the last largest negative transient noise signal penetrating a threshold band. The transient detector system also provides third and fourth output signals characterizing the pulse widths of both the last largest positive and last largest negative transient noise signals. The transient detector system receives a sampled and digitized signal characterizing the instantaneous amplitude of the signal and uses a positive and negative threshold detect circuit means to recognize the presence of transient noise signals.

Abstract: A method of obtaining the peak value of a signal. The signal is sampled at certain intervals of time. The value of the sampled signal is compared subsequent to sampling with a value previously stored in a memory. The higher of the two compared values is stored in the memory for later comparison with a value obtained during a subsequent sampling. The higher of the values stored in the memory is stored in another memory after a maximum signal has been obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for automatically detecting peak values of an applied unknown electrical signal employ a binary search technique in which a digital signal is converted to analog reference voltage levels one bit at a time from the most significant bit to the least significant bit to be compared with the unknown signal until finally a digital signal is produced which corresponds to a peak value. By selecting and controlling the comparator slope, both positive and negative peaks may be detected. The search for positive and negative peaks of signals occurring in one or more signal channels may be interleaved to decrease total detection time. From the detected values, a triggering voltage level may be arithmetically computed.

Abstract: In order to measure the amplitude of a periodic signal of known frequency which may be heavily contaminated by noise and whose phase is not known at the point of measurement, e.g. at an output end of an optical fiber, two samples are periodically taken in every cycle at instants spaced apart by a quarter-cycle. The two samples are accumulated over N cycles and the signs of the resulting algebraic sums are compared at every N.sup.th cycle to determine whether the sampling phases should be advanced or retarded within a cycle by a predetermined increment .DELTA. in order to let the first and the second sample of a pair respectively approach the peak and the zero crossing of a half-cycle of the signal wave at which point, with the noise more or less balanced out, the second sum is substantially zero while the first sum represents N times the actual signal amplitude.

Abstract: The Detector Module derives a synchronization signal from the half-wave crossovers of the AC power line. A half-wave peak detector detects the peak voltage of each half wave. An impulse detector detects the voltage of any impulses occurring during a half-wave. A common mode detector detects the peak value of each half-wave across the common mode terminals. A microcomputer is provided together with a clock/calendar for recording threshold values and for each half-cycle if a SAG or SURGE is detected; the time that the SAG or SURGE was initiated; the voltage of the half cycle of greatest SAG or SURGE during the event and the number of cycles is recorded. For LO and HI AVERAGE an average resistor stores the average of the peak values for each of the last thirty-two half cycles and that average is compared with the threshold to determine if an event has occurred. If an event has occurred, the duration and the lowest average occurring during the event is stored.

Abstract: The DC content of an AC waveform is detected by a digital filter which partially filters each phase of the waveform and applies the filtered waveforms sequentially through a multiplexer to a sample and hold circuit which measures the instantaneous value of each phase at two points which are spaced an exact odd number of half cycles apart. The time interval between the measurement points is adjusted according to variations in the AC waveform frequency to maintain required spacing. The measured instantaneous values are fed by an analog to digital converter and to a microprocessor system which averages the two readings to generate a signal corresponding to the DC content for each phase.

Abstract: A peak power ratio generator is described for measuring, in combination with a conventional power meter, the peak power level of extremely narrow pulses in the gigahertz radio frequency bands. The present invention in a preferred embodiment utilizes a tunnel diode and a back diode combination in a detector circuit as the only high speed elements. The high speed tunnel diode provides a bistable signal and serves as a memory device of the input pulses for the remaining, slower components. A hybrid digital and analog loop maintains the peak power level of a reference channel at a known amount. Thus, by measuring the average power levels of the reference signal and the source signal, the peak power level of the source signal can be determined.

Abstract: A stereo sound level display device includes a single array of light emitting diodes aligned in a line. The left channel sound signal level is detected to display the left channel sound signal level from the left end of the light emitting diode array. At the same time, the right channel sound signal level is detected to display the right channel sound signal level from the right end of the light emitting diode array.

Abstract: A dual loudness meter and method for simultaneously indicating the apparent loudness of composite audio program material representing peak material or of persistent material employing a first detector means responsive to peak signals for instantaneously indicating the same as a singly actuated LED indicator in an array thereof displayed in accordance with the peak strength of the signal, a second detector for detecting the persistence of the signal and displaying the same as a bar graph on said LED display, the materials being colinearlly displayed and having dual upper extreme warning/operating indicator means separated by about 12 to 14 dB so that the meter is read as requiring adjustment of the associated recording or broadcast facilities to avoid having either of said programming indicator displays reading consistently in either warning/operating zone. Specific circuits and time constants of response and decay are given as appropriate to the simultaneous reading, dual meter system disclosed.

Abstract: The monitor system consists of a voltage controlled oscillator for produc an acoustic wave whose frequency is proportional to the voltage being measured. An acoustic waveguide is used for transmitting the wave to an electrically isolated acoustic to electrical transducer. The output of the transducer is amplified and then displayed on an appropriate readout calibrated in volts.

Abstract: Sampling data output in the form of digital signals corresponding to changes in a quantity to be measured within a predetermined period or an average value of the sampling data is compared with display data corresponding to the current display. When the accumulation signal obtained by accumulation of the difference between the sampling data and display data exceeds a predetermined value, or an average value having a predetermined difference from the current display data has been counted a predetermined times, the display data is updated.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring varying current levels is particularly suited to the measurement of distinct current pulses. The apparatus couples by means of an inductive sensor to a current carrying conductor. A current pulse in the conductor induces a voltage within the sensor, which is then converted by a unipolar voltage to frequency converter to a sequence of electrical pulses, the total number of which is proportionate to the peak current value of the pulse. The number of pulses produced may be displayed as a measurement of the peak current pulse; in a preferred embodiment, the apparatus compares the number of pulses to a pre-set alarm value, enabling the apparatus to signal any occurrence of current pulses over a desired value.

Abstract: The DC content of each phase of a three phase AC waveform is generated by partially filtering each phase and applying the filtered waveforms sequentially through a multiplexer to a sample and hold circuit which measures the instantaneous value of each phase at two points which are spaced an exact odd number of half-cycles apart. These instantaneous values are fed by an analog to digital converter into a microprocessor which averages the two readings to generate the DC content for each phase and compares the highest DC content with a threshold value. The excess of the highest DC content over the threshold value is integrated and an output signal is generated when the accumulated volt-seconds exceed a selected value.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a voltage peak value and a current peak of value and for detecting the amount of time or phase angle deviation between the voltage peak of value and current peak point to thereby locate a fault in a power line system. A decision circuit detects a sampling number indicating the peak point. The output of the decision circuit is applied to counter circuits while the number of sampling times is counted according to a preset sampling period. The operation of the counter is stopped by an output signal from the decision circuit to thereby output a digital number representing how many sampling numbers correspond to the distance between the peak points of the voltage and current.

Abstract: An improved cycle monitor is disclosed for measuring the peak force exerted by a machine in each of a series of operating cycles. The force exerted by the machine is measured and applied to a peak detector which stores a signal proportional to the highest force exerted by the machine. The peak detector is automatically reset at the beginning of each cycle and the peak detector output is transferred to and stored in a suitable utilizing device, such as a display and alarm circuit, after the highest pressure occurs in each cycle.

Abstract: An arrangement which displays an indication of the amplitude level of digital audio signals. The arrangement includes an acquisition means which receives digital audio signals and determines the peak amplitude value of the signals received between successive interrogations by a control means, and at least this value is indicated by a display means. If the currently indicated value exceeds the last determined value, then the indicated value is caused to decay at a predetermined rate.

Abstract: A peak detector circuit which provides a direct current output voltage proportional to the peak to peak amplitude of an input signal is disclosed. The peak detector is capable of operating with a variety of input signal waveforms. The utilization of an attenuator network and negative feedback techniques permit automatic and accurate operation over a wide dynamic range of input signal amplitudes. Frequency compensation of the attenuator network is provided to permit operation with input pulses having fast rise times and/or fast fall times. The inherent error due to diode forward conduction voltage is eliminated by the use of a DC restorer network which truly clamps the input signal to ground.

Abstract: A system for measuring and storing the amplitudes plus duration and/or rise times of overvoltage pulses occurring on a transmission line comprises a voltage divider working into a first and a second comparator respectively detecting an abnormal voltage exceeding a predetermined sensitivity threshold and discriminating among different amplitude levels above that threshold. The first comparator triggers an oscillator driving a pulse counter which measures the duration of an overvoltage pulse and also provides quantized information on rise time to the highest amplitude threshold surpassed by that pulse as determined by the second comparator. This information is stored in a memory with two groups of cells respectively assigned to combinations of amplitude with duration and combinations of amplitude with rise time, the occurrence of any such combination incrementing the contents of the respective cell.

Abstract: A shunt is disposed in the current path of a device, e.g. a magnetic particle machine and an input voltage from the shunt is amplified and coupled to: a peak-hold circuit for developing a digital amperage readout; and, a pulse comparator circuit operative with clock, clock gate and counter circuits for developing pulse length readout.

Abstract: A peak detector circuit particularly adapted for recovering timing and data information in a binary recording system. The circuit comprises an operational amplifier having a diode-plus-resistor bridge network in a negative feedback path from the output of the operational amplifier to its inverting input. The non-inverting input of the operational amplifier is connected to a common ground. The signal whose peak is to be detected is capacitively coupled to the op-amp's inverting input and the peak detector's output is obtained at the op-amp's output. The diode bridge network comprises two pairs of diodes connected in series and a resistor to ground from the connection node of the diode pairs; in each diode pair the two diodes are connected in parallel, back-to-back. When a peak is detected, the op-amp output switches between positive and negative saturation values.

Abstract: A transient signal processing circuit is disclosed which includes a signal input, an adjustable threshold detector for selecting from the signal input a signal portion having at least a minimum amplitude, a peak value detector connected to the threshold detector for providing an output when the signal portion reaches a maximum amplitude, a monostable multivibrator connected to the peak value detector to introduce a time delay and thereby allow the output to stabilize, a sample and hold circuit connected to the multivibrator to record the value of the maximum amplitude, and a clock connected to the multivibrator to indicate the time at which the maximum amplitude was attained.

Abstract: A peak detector circuit to be used in conjunction with an RF tunable volt meter is disclosed which charges a capacitor to a voltage level proportional to the amplitude of an incoming signal and then provides an accurate output signal, for driving a meter, the value of this signal being proportional to the voltage on the capacitor. The accuracy of the meter indicator reading is virtually identical for a particular amplitude regardless of whether the incoming signal is modulated or unmodulated (CW).

Abstract: There is disclosed a hand-held testing device for indicating different values of an electric test voltage. The testing device comprises at least one grip body adapted to be held in the hand and an electric circuit arranged therein. The grip body has a testing tip forming an input connecting point of the electric circuit adapted for receiving a test voltage and has a ground connection. The voltage divider connected between the connecting point and the ground connection has at least two ohmic resistors connected in series via a respective connector tap. Furthermore, the electric circuit has a plurality of display stages, each stage being connected to a respective connector tap of the voltage divider. Each display stage has a two-state amplifying element responsive to the voltage at the respective connector tap and has an optical display element indicating the presence of a given test voltage which is received at the connecting point.

Abstract: A level indicator comprising a plurality of comparators for comparing an analog signal with a respective value of graduated reference voltages generates one or more output signals in response to the analog signal exceeding each reference voltage. A plurality of storage circuits is provided each associated with a respective comparator and with a respective one of successively arranged luminous elements. Each storage circuit is responsive to the output of the associated comparator and delivers a signal for the associated luminous element, which signal may also be used to inhibit the passage of the outputs of the other storage circuits of descending order.

Abstract: A peak detecting circuit includes apparatus wherein an analog input signal is applied to a pair of sample and hold circuit elements with the output of the two sample and hold circuits connected, respectively, to the two input terminals of a voltage level comparator. The output of the comparator changes phase when a peak value occurs in the input analog signal. The output of the comparator is then applied to the input of the phase change detector which, in turn, produces an output signal whenever the comparator indicates that a peak has occurred in the analog input signal.

Abstract: A digital voltmeter device is disclosed which displays both the numerical value of a measured voltage and a visual representation of an input waveform. The device includes an electro-optical display matrix utilizing display elements arranged in lines and columns. In order to make maximum use of the display matrix for representing input waveforms, the peak-to-peak voltage of the input waveform is measured and utilized as a reference for an analog to digital converter having output signals which form the address signals for the display matrix. The peak values of the input waveform thus appear at the top and bottom of the display matrix respectively.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the amplitude of an adjustable width current or voltage impulse at a known time interval following the initiation of the impulse. During a first pulse duration, a counter is advanced with clock signals having a frequency f.sub.1. The total number of clock signals accumulated during the interval is then transferred into a downcounter which is arranged to be decremented during a second identical interval by a clock signal having a frequency n (f.sub.1). When the downcounter reaches zero, a strobe pulse is produced for enabling the analog measuring circuits which sample the amplitude of the current or voltage impulse being monitored. By selecting the value n, the sampling point can be shifted in time along the width of the pulse being measured. For example, for n=2, the amplitude of the voltage or current pulse being measured will be that occurring at the midpoint of the pulse.

Abstract: A level indicating device for indicating input signal level purely electrically which includes a plurality of voltage comparators having threshold values set in order in terms of level, and a fluorescent indicator tube incorporating therein a plurality of anode electrodes aligned in a row. The outputs of the voltage comparators are connected to respective anode electrodes, so that when a signal is applied to the voltage comparators, the level of the signal is indicated by the number of the anode electrodes illuminated.

Abstract: A method and device for quickly performing simple frequency-response measurements on two-ports. A controllable-frequency constant-output-voltage A.C. voltage generator has its output connected to the input of the two-port of interest. A sawtooth generator applies a control sawtooth to the frequency-control input of the A.C. voltage generator, to effect a continuous frequency variation. A peak-value-storing digital meter connected to the output of the two-port during the frequency runthrough registers the peak output signal developed by the two-port, and also generates a control signal dependent upon detection of a peak value. The sawtooth signal is furthermore applied to a circuit which correlates the value of the sawtooth with successive ones of at least four successive frequency ranges.

Abstract: The present electronic indicator or display device is equipped with adjustable upper and/or lower limit value markers to provide a respective alarm if such limit values are exceeded or not reached. The display itself comprises an electronic circuit and optical display elements such as light emitting diodes connected to the display circuit. An input to the display circuit is adapted to receive rated or limit value input signals which are displayed as respective markers and the position of which is adjustable. A time multiplexing circuit controls the timed sequence of the signals supplied to the display elements. A comparator compares the measured signal value with the rated value or values and monitors the proper function of the system.

Abstract: Here, a means is to be created with which quick alterations in the signal behavior are grasped and displayed. Even with the use of peak value meters with very large time constants, such quick alterations are also to be used for the quick correction of the peak value display. In an exemplary embodiment, each separately registered current or voltage value from an individual current or, respectively, voltage circuit is compared at a comparator specifically allocated to it with a mean value which is formed from the current or, respectively, voltage values of all participating current or, respectively, voltage circuits. Upon nonequality of the current or, respectively, voltage values with the mean value within a predeterminable limit, the output signals of the comparators are then brought to display at a separately allocated display element.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for deriving the maximum and minimum peaks of a wave representing blood pressure by comparing it with offsets that may be arbitrarily set or derived from the blood pressure signal, which offsets are alternatively added to and subtracted from the approximate mean of the blood pressure signal.

Abstract: This invention recovers the time waveform envelope of a human voice signal ithout the loss of subtleties providing speaker recognition cues and voice quality.This is accomplished by rectifying the voice envelope and then obtaining slope information about the original time waveform to detect peaks which are successively held by sample and hold circuitry.

Abstract: A device for testing phase inversion of a circuit includes a signal generator having an assymetrically shaped positive phased test signal output electrically connected through a buffer circuit to the input of the circuit under test. A differentiator circuit electrically connected to the output of the test circuit, produces in response to the test circuit output, rectangular pulses whose amplitudes are proportional to the slopes of the test waveform. The differentiated output signals are isolated into positive and negative signals by a plurality of peak detectors whose outputs are fed to a summing amplifier. The summing amplifier amplifies the difference between the positive and negative isolated peak voltages and in turn drives a polarity indicating device which was previously calibrated to indicate a positive or negative polarity as either a phase or non-phase inversion. An alternate mode of measuring pulses directly and bypassing the differentiator is also provided.

Abstract: A circuit for ascertaining the direction of origin of the most significant transient appearing on a electrical power line within a predetermined interval is disclosed. Threshhold comparator circuit (325, 326) are provided to insure that transient polarities needed for the directivity determination are ascertained while the transient impulse is still rising towards its peak value. For any nominal, user-set threshhold (V.sub.2), a lower preliminary threshold (V.sub.1) is automatically set and when the transient exceeds the preliminary threshhold, the transient polarities are determined and correlated to effect a tentative directivity determination which is stored in an input latch (205). When the transient exceeds the nominal threshhold, the directivity determination is transferred to an output latch (211) to be read by an output printing device.

Abstract: A level indicating apparatus indicates the peak level of an analog signal and also indicates the instantaneous value of the analog signal during a recurring time interval of predetermined length. The apparatus includes a circuit for generating, during each recurring time interval, a train of pulses whose number corresponds to the level of the analog signal, a storage device which may be a shift register for storing the train of pulses, a circuit for forming a pulse whose position corresponds to the peak level of the analog signal, a feedback circuit for feeding the pulse, whose position corresponds to the peak level, back to the storage device to be combined with the train of pulses corresponding to the instantaneous value of the analog signal, and a display for indicating the peak value. Preferably the display also indicates the instantaneous value of the analog signal. The circuit for forming the pulse whose position corresponds to the peak value can include a logic differentiation circuit.

Abstract: A method of and circuit for monitoring the amplitude of a sine wave-shaped electrical signal in a defined range of a signal period, wherein the signal is derived from scanning an object which is to be measured or controlled. A comparison circuit is provided which compares the signal being monitored to a reference signal and generates a first impulse signal which is applied to a logic gate. A second impulse signal generating network generates a second impulse signal determining the range of the signal period by adding at least one signal derived from additional signals contained in the signal spectrum to the signal being monitored. This impulse is also applied to the logic circuit. The logic circuit produces a switching signal for operating an indicator or control device.

Abstract: A meter drive circuit includes a signal input circuit through which an input signal is applied to a peak hold circuit for producing an output signal which indicates an instantaneous peak value of the input signal and which is held for a predetermined time, a sample and hold circuit for sampling the level of the output signal of the peak hold circuit, and holding the sampled level, and a signal level indicator connected to the sample and hold circuit to provide an indication of the sampled level.

Abstract: Related multiple characteristics of a single complex waveform are displayed as a variable length line of light with a floating spot which moves relative to the line. Logic circuitry, in response to an electrical input signal, causes energization of a plurality of the light emitters in response to the first input signal characteristic and the energization or extinguishing of a single light emitter in response to a second characteristic of the input signal.

Abstract: Apparatus for detecting a peak value of an analog signal includes a first counter for counting pulses from a digital clock for successive samplings of the analog signal to convert each sample of the analog signal into digital form and a counting register into which the pulse count in the first counter is transferred to be recounted at a later sampling. With a prior digital count in the register, the digital clock simultaneously (1) increments the counter to count the current signal sampling and (2) decrements the register to zero to recount the prior signal sampling. The counter is constrained to count up until both counting and recounting steps are complete before the count in the counter is transferred to the register. In this manner the counter will always attain the greater of the current and the prior sampling pulse count values and this maximum value will always be transferred into the register.