Abstract: An electrical capacitance proximity sensor with high detector sensitivity has an insulating substrate, a detector electrode and an earth electrode formed in a fixed pattern on one face of the insulating substrate, and a detector circuit which detects an object approaching the detector electrode and the earth electrode by detecting the capacitance between the detector electrode and the earth electrode. The detector electrode is formed in a shape such that it surrounds the earth electrode.

Abstract: A mobile phone positioning apparatus provides a rotational movement and switching functionality among three planes (H, E1 and E2) as requested by a radiation test. The positioning apparatus includes a base, a support shaft, a platform and a testing plane switch apparatus. The testing plane switch apparatus is mounted on the platform. An inverse U frame is fixed on the platform. A testing frame, pivotally connected to the inverse U frame, is rotated by two pneumatic cylinders so as to switch between the H plane and either the E1 or E2 plane by 90 degrees. A testing plate, pivotally connected to the testing frame, is rotated by another pneumatic cylinder so as to switch between the E1 and E2 planes by 90 degrees.

Abstract: A method is disclosed comprising placing a first device in an enclosure, placing a second device in the enclosure, sealing the enclosure, and after sealing the enclosure, causing the first device to exchange a key with the second device. After the key exchange, the first and second devices can be taken out of the enclosure and can use the key to communicate with each other securely and in an authenticated manner. The devices may be electronic devices or optical devices. The enclosure prevents electromagnetic radiation of a certain bandwidth from escaping and thus prevents an adversarial device from eavesdropping on communication between the first and second devices. The enclosure may include a filtering material such as a metal net. The enclosure may be, for example, a plastic bag or a glass container.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for measuring an electric magnetic interference (EMI) level of a radio frequency device is disclosed. The apparatus for measuring a level of electric magnetic interference (EMI) with an electronic device to radiate an electromagnetic wave, the apparatus including: a test device for outputting a signal in response to the electromagnetic wave radiated from the electric device; a calculating unit for calculating a group_delay variation information of the test device by using the signal from the test device; a processor for storing a reference group_delay variation; and an analyzer for analyzing the level of EMI by comparing the reference group_delay variation information and the group_delay variation information.

Abstract: A test architecture performs calibration and site verification testing of the effectiveness of a radiation shielding structure within which electronic equipment is housed. An external subsystem is outside a shielding cabinet, and an internal subsystem resides with the electronic equipment within the shielded equipment housing proper. The external subsystem includes a host computer, which controls the operation of transmit and receive subsystems. An external receiver is selectively coupled by the host processor to either an RF receive antenna or to a current sense probe. All control signals from the external subsystem are conveyed into the shielded cabinet by way of fiber optic links, in order to preserve the shielding effectiveness of the cabinet. Having the source of test signals and its associated transmission antenna located within the shielded cabinet serves to minimize the impact of such signals on circuits within the environment outside the cabinet.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for detection of a shielding fault in a multiwire cable forming part of a communication network, during functional operation of the said network, the said cable (10) transferring a multiframe signal S(t), which comprises the following steps: a disturbing signal I(t) is injected into the said cable through an injection clamp (14) for a determined time T, when an item of equipment (12) receives the signal S(t), the number N of frames in fault during the injection period of the disturbing signal I(t) is counted, it is decided that there is a shielding fault in this cable if N/T?TEPmax, where TEPmax is the maximum packet error rate to be guaranteed.

Abstract: A range resistor, for deployment with a low voltage AC measuring instrument as a voltage range multiplying attenuator, provides increased accuracy in the measurement of high AC voltages at frequencies up to 1 MHz, particularly when large attenuation ratios are needed. Passive guarding and neutralizing structure permits the use of higher value resistors for a given frequency response accuracy and an intrinsically lower input capacitance than is obtainable with conventional structure. Very low drift and voltage coefficients are achieved by a coordinated thermal design. Applications include high accuracy voltage measurement in the 10 to 1000 volt range with low input signal current when attenuation is resistively scaled to match the operating input level of the measuring device to be used, typically a thermocouple and/or digital or analog precision voltmeter.

Abstract: A membrane probing assembly includes a probe card with conductors supported thereon, wherein the conductors include at least a signal conductor located between a pair of spaced apart guard conductors. A membrane assembly includes a membrane with contacts thereon, and supporting at least a signal conductor located between a pair of spaced apart guard conductors. The guard conductors of the probe card are electrically interconnected proximate the interconnection between the probe card and the membrane assembly. The guard conductors of the membrane assembly are electrically interconnected proximate the interconnection between the probe card and the membrane assembly.

Abstract: A Test Chamber for testing a frequency response of a Low Band Antenna Array output by injecting an RF test signal into the interior of the test chamber. The test chamber comprises a rectangular shaped steel enclosure having a lid. A microwave absorptive foam is affixed to the interior walls and base of the enclosure. The lid for the enclosure includes an opening and a pair of alignment pins for positioning the array's monopole antennas within the interior of the test chamber. A probe is located in one corner of the test chamber to provide the RF test signal to the array's monopole antennas.

Abstract: A technique for measuring spectral components, such as noise and distortion, of a non-coherently sampled test signal containing at least one tone of known frequency includes modeling the spectral components of the at least one tone, including the effects of leakage, based upon frequency of the at least one tone and a plurality of known sampling parameters. A DFT is taken of the sampled test signal, and the DFT is adjusted based on the modeled spectral components. The adjusted DFT is substantially leakage-free and directly reveals spectral components of the test signal, including low-power components that would ordinarily be lost in the leakage errors.

Abstract: A method for making transmission measurements in a dual-chambered anechoic chamber used in conjunction with spatial averaging. At selected transmitter antenna positions, measurement are taken at different frequencies. For each transmitter position, a measurement is made with the test device positioned between the apertures, and another without the test device. When all desired measurements have been made, the measurement data are spatially averaged; i.e., the measurements are scaled, summed, and averaged, providing more accurate transmission measurements.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the electrical characteristic of a chip-shaped electronic component having first and second external terminal electrodes at first and second opposing ends thereof includes a holder that holds an electronic component with the first and second external terminal electrodes pointing toward first and second open ends of a receiving cavity. The holder is provided with a shield layer extending between first and second measuring terminals, and the shield layer is electrically connected to a measurement reference potential. The shield layer reduces the stray parasitic capacitance adjacent to the electronic component, and reduces measurement errors resulting from size variations of the electronic component.

Abstract: A transverse induction logging tool having a transmitter and receiver for downhole sampling of formation properties, the tool having a symmetrical shielded split-coil transmitter coil and a bucking coil interposed between the split transmitter coils to reduce coupling of the transmitter time varying magnetic field into the receiver. The tool provides symmetrical shielding of the coils and grounding at either the transmitter or receiver end only to reduce coupling of induced currents into the received signal. The tool provides an insulator between receiver electronics and the conductive receiver housing having contact with conductive wellbore fluid, to reduce parasitic current flowing in a loop formed by the upper housing, feed through pipe, lower housing and wellbore fluid adjacent the probe housing or mandrel. An internal verification loop is provided to track changes in transmitter current in the real and quadrature component of the received data signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for measuring the radiation efficiency of antennas and the communication power of mobile and wireless terminals, comprising a chamber to enclose the antenna or terminal to be tested (AUT). The chamber comprises walls of an inwardly reflective material, rendering the walls reflective to electromagnetic waves. The quality of the antenna or terminal is obtained by averaging the power transmitted between the antenna under test and a fixed antenna or the power received at the fixed antenna when the terminal under test is used as a transmitter. The averaging is done over the measured power for several different positions of moving objects in the chamber and of a moving platform on which the antenna or terminal under test is located.

Abstract: A testing device for measuring radiation, immunity and electromagnetic characteristics of an object to be tested (1), includes a conductive structure (53) enclosing a testing volume where the object can be placed, the structure being provided with an opening (56) capable of being closed. The testing device further includes a set of internal conductors called septa (52), at least two in number, each septum defining in the testing volume, by its configuration in the structure, an electromagnetic coupling with the object; at least a septum is arranged in such a way that its electromagnetic plane is separate and not parallel to the electromagnetic plane of at least another septum.

Abstract: A dual-chambered anechoic chamber used in conjunction with spatial averaging for making transmission measurements of electromagnetic devices. The anechoic chamber includes a first tapered chamber with a first aperture, a second tapered chamber with a second aperture opposed to the first aperture, an alignment apparatus for aligning the two chambers and, if necessary, for positioning a test device between the apertures, and a positioning mechanism for mounting and determining the position of a transmitter antenna. A receiver antenna in the second chamber receives test signals transmitted from the transmitter antenna. At selected transmitter antenna positions, measurements are taken at different frequencies. For each transmitter position, a measurement is made with the test device positioned between the apertures, and another without the test device. When all desired measurements have been made, the measurement data are spatially averaged; i.e.

Abstract: In a printed circuit board design support apparatus for supporting design of a printed circuit board by calculating a radiation amount of electromagnetic radiation caused by an interconnection on the basis of design information related to each of the printed circuit board having a ground plane, interconnections formed on the printed circuit board, and components to be mounted on the printed circuit board, an arithmetic unit calculates a common mode (CM) radiation amount of the interconnection on the basis of a CM radiation amount ratio that indicates a ratio of a common mode (CM) radiation amount of electromagnetic radiation caused by the ground plane in correspondence with the interconnection to a differential mode (DM) radiation amount of electromagnetic radiation caused by the interconnection. A printed circuit board design support method and program are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method, which generates data input to a device calculating the intensity of an electromagnetic field emitted from an electric circuit device, extracts surface data of a metal cabinet from the three-dimensional data of the electric circuit device, partitions the surface corresponding to the surface data into quadrilateral meshes, and outputs the data partitioned into meshes to the electromagnetic field intensity calculating device.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for detection of a shielding fault in a multiwire cable forming part of a communication network, during functional operation of the said network, the said cable (10) transferring a multiframe signal S(t), which comprises the following steps:

Abstract: The electromagnetic-wave-generating-source search method includes the steps of calculating a first electric field strength at a measuring point based on a current distribution belonging to an object to be measured; calculating a second electric field strength at said measuring point by employing the current distribution at a preselected position on said measuring object, the preselected position corresponding to a portion of the current distribution of said measuring object; and calculating a relative ratio of said first electric field strength with respect to said second electric field strength, thereby determining the source generating a remote electric field.

Abstract: Arrangement to test HF tightness of a junction between two adjacent parts including HF generator (4), HF line that guides the signal over junction (1), measuring device (10) as well as a signal analyzer. HF line includes two waveguides (5a, 5b) that have inner conductors (6a, 6b) connected all the way through by a connection conductor (9) and outer conductors (7a, 7b) interrupted and each connected with electrodes (8a, 8b). A capacitive coupling of the HF signal occurs on one side of the junction and a capacitive decoupling of the HF signal takes place on the other side. By comparing the measured transmission and/or reflection of the HF signal with a transmission or reflection characteristic for the junction, it can be determined if the junction is HF tight. This makes it possible to test HF shielded cases for HF tightness in a non-destructive manner and without interfering with the contents.

Abstract: To reduce noise in measurements obtained by probing a device supported on surface of a thermal chuck in a probe station, a conductive member is arranged to intercept current coupling the thermal unit of the chuck to the surface supporting the device. The conductive member is capacitively coupled to the thermal unit but free of direct electrical connection thereto.

Abstract: A machine component, which may be a race of an antifriction bearing, contains pockets, the borders of which is defined by side-by-side reflecting surfaces which have free boundaries and intersect at alternating peaks and valleys. Vibration or noise to which the machine component is subjected produces mechanical longitudinal and transverse waves which propagate through the machine component, with the longitudinal waves being more intense and less subjected to attenuation. Some of the longitudinal waves encounter the reflecting surfaces which partially convert them into transverse waves, and the transverse waves rapidly attenuate in the machine component itself. Thus, the pockets reduce noise in the machine component.

Abstract: A leakage detector includes a receiver front end having an input for connection with an antenna and a signal path including circuitry for passing a signal from the input without amplification; an IF stage connected with the receiver front end for producing an IF signal therefrom; a detector for producing an AM detected output signal in response to the IF signal; a leak processor for passing only a synchronizing signal of the AM detected output signal, along with harmonic frequencies of the synchronizing signal and DC signals, the synchronizing signal having a peak level, and the signal processor providing an output corresponding to the peak level of the synchronizing signal of the AM detected output signal; a display; and a processing unit connected with the leak processor and the display for displaying leakage data in response to the output signal from the leak processor.

Abstract: A system for measuring electromagnetic emissions from electronic devices includes an semi-anechoic chamber, a computer, an EMI receiver, and a multi-device controller. The chamber houses devices being tested and test equipment for automated emissions scanning. The computer receives emissions data from test equipment housed within and outside the chamber and operates a multi-device controller which controls the test equipment. The method includes wide-band measurements of emissions, narrow-band measurements of emissions chosen from the wide-band measurement, determining a maximum quasi-peak value for optimal cable and wiring position, and communicating results to a word-processing program to report measured values against testing limits.

Abstract: To reduce noise in measurements obtained by probing a device supported on surface of a thermal chuck in a probe station, a conductive member is arranged to intercept current coupling the thermal unit of the chuck to the surface supporting the device. The conductive member is capacitively coupled to the thermal unit but free of direct electrical connection thereto.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic noise measurement apparatus, electromagnetic noise measurement method and recording medium capable of preventing erroneous measurement of electromagnetic noise and of enhancing measurement efficiency. An electromagnetic noise measurement apparatus includes a PC, a field intensity meter, a spectrum analyzer, a preamplifier, a controller, a printer and the like. The controller is connected to a turn table for turning an electromagnetic noise measurement target, e.g., a copying machine, and to an antenna elevator for elevating an antenna for measuring electromagnetic noise radiated from the copying machine. The controller controls the turn table and the antenna elevator according to command of the PC. The PC compares a QP value acquired by the field intensity meter with a peak level acquired by the spectrum analyzer, and displays an error message if the difference between the QP value and the peak level is large.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for analyzing interference caused by electromagnetic and other radiated emissions. A system includes an antenna, a spectrum analyzer, a computer and associated software. Configurations are defined for frequency ranges and tests are defined to include one or more configurations. After stationing the system in a desired location, a test may be selected for execution. Because a test may include multiple configurations, each representing a different frequency range or other parameters, multiple frequency ranges may be scanned by the spectrum analyzer without further intervention by a user. A data set is created for each configuration in each test that is executed.

Abstract: A method, which generates data input to a device calculating the intensity of an electromagnetic field emitted from an electric circuit device, extracts surface data of a metal cabinet from the three-dimensional data of the electric circuit device, partitions the surface corresponding to the surface data into quadrilateral meshes, and outputs the data partitioned into meshes to the electromagnetic field intensity calculating device.

Abstract: The chuck of a probe station is shielded from capacitive currents generated by fluctuation of the power to the thermal unit of a thermal chuck. The thermal chuck includes a chuck for supporting a device under test; a thermal unit for modifying the temperature of the chuck and a conductive member capacitively coupled to but free from direct electrical connection to the thermal unit. The conductive member is electrically connected to the controller supplying power to the thermal units. The conductive member intercepts substantially all of the capacitive currents emanating from the operation of the thermal unit and provides a conductive path to return these currents to the controller. An extension of the probe station's conductive environmental enclosure is capacitively coupled to the conductive member so as to intercept capacitive currents emanating from the conductive member and conduct these currents to ground outside of the environmental enclosure.

Abstract: The present invention includes tapered anechoic chambers and chamber systems. This invention also includes machines or electronic apparatus using these aspects of the invention. The present invention also includes methods and processes for using these devices and systems. In a preferred embodiment, a TEM antenna is utilized that is terminated by a resistive card, or R-card. This makes for a very broadband antenna that may be used to properly illuminate the test zone in a tapered chamber without changing the feed antenna. A preferred chamber utilizes an absorber layout that has never been applied to a tapered chamber, called a Chebyshev absorber layout. The concept is to place the wedge absorber tips at different heights relative to the mounting side wall and pyramidal absorber tips at different heights relative to the back wall. In this pattern, wave reflections off the pyramid tips and valleys behave very much like reflections in a multi-section transmission line.

Abstract: A data transmission system for external use with a controller area network is installed on a motor vehicle undergoing high intensity electromagnetic interference susceptibility testing. The data transmission system includes a fiber optic cable extending from the immediate vicinity of the truck to a site relatively remote to the truck and out of the effective area of the artificially generated electromagnetic interference. An optical/electrical coupler in close proximity to the motor vehicle is connected to the vehicle controller area network to convert messages occurring on the network to optical signals. The connection is provided by an electrical cable constructed of a twisted pair of wires. The optical/electrical coupler is also connected to an end of the fiber optic cable in the vicinity of the truck. A remote data processing device is attached to the remote end of the fiber optic cable by an interface card installed in the remote data processing device.

Abstract: The design of an electro-magnetic radiation suppression shield and cooling housing for a computer, server or other electronic device having a computer processor may be greatly enhanced and expedited by a test apparatus that permits the placement of electro-magnetic radiation suppression plates at differing locations, spacings and alignments, which allows a variance in positioning the electro-magnetic radiation source. The test apparatus not only has an air flow cooling opening in which an electro-magnetic radiation suppression panel forms cooling air flow holes but also a fixture for disposing a second similar electromagnetic radiation suppression panel at a distance from the first electro-magnetic radiation suppression panel. Each of the panels may be substituted to test various designs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining EMI compliance provides a conductor that is mutually impedance coupled to an integrated circuit on a semiconductor package. The conductor is attached to a lid covering the integrated circuit and RF noise energy on the lid is mutually impedance coupled to the conductor. By measuring the voltage at the conductor, an indirect measurement of the EMI generated by the integrated circuit is made.

Abstract: A single cable, single point stimulus and response probing system allows the measurement of both low impedance stimulus measurements and high impedance response measurements using a single probe cable. Circuitry located within the probe cable receives stimulus input from the stimulus circuitry located within a test and measurement device, and delivers input to response measurement circuitry also located within the test and measurement device. Certain embodiments of the probing system use feedback supplied to an amplifier located within the stimulus circuitry to improve the accuracy of the measurement device and control output impedance. Feedback can be locally supplied from the output of the stimulus circuitry, or can be generated using an additional amplifier located within the response measurement circuitry.

Abstract: A method for evaluating radiation electric fields using output port powers of GTEM cell to obtain correlation between GTEM cell and Open Area Test Site(hereinafter, called OATS) in order to simulate electromagnetic wave radiation emission more accurate than GTEM(Giga-hertz Transverse Electromagnetic; hereinafter, called GTEM) cell, one of replacing facilities of OATS, a test facility for evaluating radiation emission for a test of electromagnetic interference(EMI). The adaption to a phase change of a dipole moment is very high by computing the electric field from a radiated matter using 15 GTEM cell output port powers as well as stably evaluating a radiation quantity upon considering the respective phase of the dipole illustrating an object due to various input values required in the algorithm.

Abstract: An electromagnetic field generator is provided which consists of a regulated self contained voltage supply connected to a high frequency clock which drives one or more printed circuit board antennas. The clock may be a TTL or ECL based clock for example. The electromagnetic field generator is used in a method of testing the shielding effectiveness of an enclosure. Two measurements are made with a measurement antenna of emissions from the electromagnetic field generator, one with the enclosure in place and another without the enclosure in place, the shielding effectiveness being the difference between these two measurements.

Abstract: Non-destructive EMI susceptibility testing involves near-field injection of very high levels of instantaneous energy and low average power through localized injection of signals of very high field strength and low duty cycle. An electric field injector and a magnetic field injector are scanned, each in turn, over the equipment under test. For each injector, the amplitude and frequency of the induced localized electric or magnetic field, respectively, is varied such that the susceptibility locations, magnitudes, and frequencies can be identified and mapped. This approach localizes which section or subcircuit of the equipment under test is susceptible, the frequencies and field strengths of susceptibility, and whether susceptibility problems are created by magnetic fields, electric fields, or both.

Abstract: A prober can make an appropriate evaluation in a microcurrent region. A wafer (9) is disposed on a chuck (8) in a casing (1). In the upper surface of the chuck (8), an electrode (8a) is formed which is connected to a power supply (11) via a wire (10). In the casing (1), a cylindrical electromagnetic shielding box (7) is disposed with the upper surface open. The upper surface of the casing (1) and the side surfaces and bottom surface of the electromagnetic shielding box (7) form a closed space (30) for surrounding the chuck (8) and the wafer (9). Also, a loader (6) for driving the chuck (8) and the electromagnetic shielding box (7) is disposed in the casing (1). On the upper surface of the casing (1), a tester head (3) is disposed with a probe card (4) disposed therein. Since part of the upper surface of the casing (1) is open, probe needles (5) of the probe card (4) protrude into the casing (1) through the opening.

Abstract: A test system having a bifilar wound isolation network disposed in between a device under test (DUT) and a device under test support system for providing a high isolation impedance to common mode signals present at the input terminals of the isolation network, while still providing a relatively lossless path for differential signals present across the input terminals of the isolation network. The isolation network comprises a plurality of four resonators each having a precise, predetermined number of turns and serially interconnected by a bifilar winding. The bifilar winding allows coupling to the inputs of a balanced DUT and enables a worst case operating environment to be provided for the balanced DUT to assist in testing and/or design of the DUT so as to minimize the effects on the DUT of electromagnetic interference and to assist in modifying the balanced DUT so as to immunize it from susceptible EMI receptors therewithin.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention, a voltage probe for measuring common-mode (CM) voltage of a device under test (DUT) having differential input/output (I/O) signals is disclosed. The probe includes a connector adapted to couple to the DUT, at least one output measurement port configured to connect to a measuring device for measuring the CM voltage, and at least one differential pair cable connected to a connector and to a at least one measurement port for coupling a differential I/O signals to a measurement port. According to a second embodiment, the present invention provides a voltage probe for measuring CM voltage of a DUT having differential I/O signals while the DUT is simultaneously connected to an auxiliary equipment. According to a third embodiment, the present invention provides a method for measuring EMI from a DUT. A CM voltage probe is interposed between the DUT and an EMI measurement device. The CM voltage is measured at an measurement port of the voltage probe.

Abstract: A system that utilizes a reference signal for testing signal paths for complex frequency response (linear distortion), and non-linear distortion. This reference signal, which is also known as a ghost canceling reference signal or a training waveform, has excellent properties for channel characterization. The reference signal is a waveform that operates for a major time interval that is subdivided into multiple minor time intervals. During each minor time interval, a sine wave oscillates at a constant angular velocity or frequency. The sine wave frequency may take uniform steps between the minor time intervals, or it may skip a group of frequencies. The phase of the waveform may optionally be continuous between the end of one minor time interval and the start of the next minor time interval. This waveform is generated by loading the time sample values from a digital memory into a digital to analog converter (D-A), or by rapidly reprogramming a numerically-controlled oscillator.

Abstract: A method for measuring a common mode current (Icm) in an outer conductor of a shielded electrical connector comprising also at least one inner conductor which includes the steps of interconnecting the one inner conductor and the outer conductor at a junction point to a power source and supplying a current (Icm) to the junction point draining substantially all common mode current (Icm) from the outer conductor at the opposite side of the connector by means of a low impedance drain; and sensing the drained common mode current (Icm) with a current sensing device.

Abstract: A bulk current injection (BCI) system and method for testing electromagnetic susceptibility of electrical apparatus includes an RF modulator in a BCI setup. The BCI setup with RF modulator injects high instantaneous currents with a very low, controllable duty cycle into a wire under test, thereby simulating an electromagnetic environment to which electrical equipment is exposed during an electrical transient event. The RF modulator provides an amplitude modulated envelope for removing undesirable transients. Injecting currents at selectable frequency, one frequency at a time, allows for frequency-amplitude electromagnetic susceptibility mapping for each major wire within an electrical apparatus.

Abstract: A method for determining the shielding effectiveness of a shielded and, particularly, permanently installed cabling path wherein the cabling path has an inside conductor connected via a patching cable at a first end to a transmitter which emits an electrical test signal. One pole of the transmitter output is applied to ground potential and the other pole is conductively connected to a patching cable. At a second end of the cabling path the shielding is applied to ground potential and conductively connected to the inside conductor via a terminating impedance. The shielding of the cabling path is connected to that pole of the transmitter output applied to ground potential. It is connected thereto by a return line which is connected to the first end of the cabling path at a differential current intensity of the currents flowing through the patching cable and the return line is converted into a measured value using a measuring device.

Abstract: Equipment under test is adjusted during set-up for electromagnetic compatibility testing. The equipment under test is placed on a base, such as a table, other structure or the ground. Positioners are connected to cables and/or subparts of the equipment under test. For example, the positioners are non-metallic pneumatic cylinders. The positioners are anchored to the base, to the device under test, or to some other structure. For various positions of an antenna relative to the equipment under test, positions of the positioners are found for which there is a maximum signal response. This is done by measuring signal response for current positions of the positioners. The current positions of the positioners are then varied using a remote control unit which controls positions of the positioners. This is repeated for as many different positions as desired. The positions which resulted in the maximum signal response is utilized for the electromagnetic compatibility testing.

Abstract: A device for detecting and locating anomalies in the electromagnetic protection of a system including electrical bodies and protective members includes a transmitter of electromagnetic waves. Sensors protected by the protective members pick up an electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmitter and measure a representative parameter of the wave. A central unit compares the measured values to a value corresponding to a reference state of the protection and on the basis of such comparison detects anomalies in the protection and locates an anomaly according to the suspect sensor.

Abstract: In an apparatus for EMC testing of electrical devices, conductors are arranged at opposite sides of a chamber of conductive material at a spacing from and parallel to the chamber walls. These conductors form a symmetrical double line and are fed out of phase at one end by a radio frequency source. They are electrically connected to the chamber walls at the other end via terminating impedances.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring opening of sealed enclosures, especially, but not exclusively, sealed containers containing goods-in-transit, such as goods vehicles, maritime containers or transport containers of the kind carried by tractor-trailers, ships, trains or aeroplanes comprises a radio receiver unit having at least one antenna for reception of radio signals. The receiver unit is housed within the enclosure and operates to scan a predetermined band of radio frequencies, periodically or continuously, and detect a sudden change in signal level. When it detects such a change in radio signal level, the receiver generates an alarm signal. Alternatively, the receiver may detect the difference between internal and external radio signal levels and determine the container to have been opened if the difference is less than a preset threshold.

Abstract: A micro-power, micro-size RF detector is suitable for implementation on an integrated circuit. The detector is used for detecting the presence of high frequency AC signals on a transmission line which has a transmission line impedance. An input for connection to the transmission line through a high impedance relative to the transmission line is provided. A current mode detector is coupled to the input. The current mode detector translates AC signals on the input to a bias signal having a DC component determined by power of the AC signal on the transmission line. A current mode amplifier is coupled to the current mode detector, and amplifies the bias signal to produce a detector current. A binary output driver is coupled to the current mode amplifier, which generates a binary signal having one binary level if the detector current exceeds a high signal threshold, and another binary level if the detector current falls below a low signal threshold.