Abstract: A graph comprising a distribution curve for displaying a distribution of test results for given population and a density gradient superimposed over the distribution curve for displaying and probability of an event or condition occurring for each such test result in the distribution. Typically the distribution curve is plotted against a cartesian coordinate system. The density gradient is superimposed below the distribution curve and shows the increasing risk of a condition as a function of a test result by an increase in density of the gradient with increasing risk. A marker imposed on the distribution curve shows the test result for a specific individual.

Abstract: A multi-leg caliper with heart scale allowing analysis over a variable plurality of heart beats for arrhythmia is taught. Briefly stated, a plurality of parallel members are pivotally connected to a second set of parallel members thereby forming a lattice structure. Points are disposed at one end of each of the first mentioned parallel members which are placed against certain events recorded on an ECG strip chart. Pivot points associated with the opposite ends of the pointed parallel members are placed against a scale which is suitably calibrated to indicate various heart beat criteria.

Abstract: Nomograms for interpreting electrocardiograms. A Q line appears on the nomograms and may contain a series a calibrations relating to various cardiac rates. A P curve is oriented relative to the Q line for representing normal PR intervals for a particular age group. A T curve is oriented relative to the Q line for representation of normal QT intervals for the age group. The nomograms may feature a Q2 line oriented relative to Q line such that distances between the Q and Q2 lines for various cardiac rates equal the electrocardiogram distance for a cardiac cycle having that cardiac rate. The nomograms may feature a count 2 scale and/or a six second scale for independently determining cardiac rate, a Holter scale, and other information as desired. Complementary color schemes may be used for accentuating boundaries between, for instance, the area between the P and T curves and other areas on the nomograms.

Abstract: A graph comprising a distribution curve for displaying a distribution of test results for given population and a density gradient superimposed over the distribution curve for displaying the probability of an event or condition occurring for each such test result in the distribution. Typically the distribution curve is plotted against a cartesian coordinate system. The density gradient is superimposed below the distribution curve and shows the increasing risk of a condition as a function of a test result by an increase in density of the gradient with increasing risk. A marker imposed on the distribution curve shows the test result for a specific individual.

Abstract: A multi-leg caliper with heart scale allowing analysis over a variable plurality of heart beats for arrhythmia is taught. Briefly stated, a plurality of parallel members are pivotally connected to a second set of parallel members thereby forming a lattice structure. Points are disposed at one end of each of the first mentioned parallel members which are placed against certain events recorded on an ECG strip chart. Pivot points associated with the opposite ends of the pointed parallel members are placed against a scale which is suitably calibrated to indicate various heart beat criteria.

Abstract: An adjustable template device for pacemaker ECG analysis is similar to a slide rule with a transparent window portion which can be laid over an ECG trace to aid in its analysis. A frame for the template has a back member and a cover member connected together with rivets, with the cover member having cutout portions through which various scales printed on the back portion can be seen. A series of movable transparent plastic sheets slide back and forth independently in the frame to allow measurement of time intervals on the ECG trace. Fiducial marks on the movable sheets indicate time intervals by their positions with respect to scales on the back member. AV, AE, MT, PVAR, and pacing intervals can all be set simultaneously on the template. A photocopy of the template overlying the ECG trace can be made to provide a permanent record.

Abstract: A device for measuring the distance and direction of destinations on road maps from a starting point is suggested which serves for the data input of intermediate destinations in navigation devices. The device comprises an angle measuring plate (10) with a 360-degree scale (13) which is arranged concentrically relative to a central borehole (14) and which begins with the north direction. A bracket (11) is supported at the central borehole (14) so as to be rotatable and carries a measuring tape case (12) at its end area (11b) and a guide (20) for a measuring tape (19) at its opposite end area (11c), the measuring tape (19) being arranged in such a way that, when drawn out of the measuring tape case (12), the measuring tape (19) extends away radially in an outward direction with its one lateral edge over the center of the degree scale (13).

Abstract: A navigational instrument for measuring bearings and distances on maps comprising a first leg and a second leg. Each leg is transparent in part for convenient use while reading a map. Each leg, additionally, is tapered toward a lower end, defining a tip at each lower end. The first leg has an opening defining a channel for receiving a writing instrument which selectively can be positioned with the tip extending through the opening for writing or with the end opposite the tip protruding through the opening for storing the writing instrument. The first and second legs are pivotally coupled in the vicinity of the legs' upper ends and have a plurality of scales disposed about the pivotal coupling. One scale is used for measuring bearing. A second scale is used for measuring nautical miles on a Sectional Chart. A third scale is used for measuring nautical miles on a WAC chart.

Abstract: A device for measuring angles between an oriented axis and a vector is provided in the form of a flat plate of transparent material having at least two straight parallel edges and an arrow situated on the plate and parallel with said the edges; the plate has a number of zones marked on the surface thereof and a closed curve centrally located and a longitudinal line provided parallel to the edges on either side of the central zone. Markings are provided in the zones to facilitate the measurement of the angles without requiring removal of the plate from the surface on which the angles are being measured.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring characteristics of a drawing in which a carriage is supported by a pair of wheels for reciprocal motion on a line. A carriage pulse generator produces pulses proportional to the angle of rotation of the wheels rotatably supported at one end. A tracing lever extending from the carriage has a tracing implement on the other end. A tracing lever pulse generator generates pulses proportional to the rotational motion of the tracing lever. A phase signal generator receives signals from the tracing lever pulse generator and generates a phase angle signal received by a calculator in the carriage. The phase angle signals and pulses from the tracing lever pulse generator we used by the calculator to determine one or more characteristics of the drawing being measured by the tracing implement.

Abstract: An overlay device for use with an electrocardiogram and the method of use thereof, for evaluating the normalcy of the S-T segment in an exercise test program.

Abstract: A gauge which facilitates the analysis of a recorded electrocardiogram which comprises a flat sheet of transparent material having a plurality or fan of straight diverging lines disposed on said sheet; a plurality of straight, parallel lines disposed on the sheet extending in a direction transverse to the diverging lines and perpendicular to a line extending medially between the outermost of said diverging lines, said diverging lines intersecting said parallel lines as to define equal increments along any parallel line; the transverse lines being spatially arranged such that they intersect with the diverging lines to form a grid therewith wherein the distance between adjacent points of intersection with the diverging lines on any of the parallel lines bear a relation to the heart beat rates or heart rate cycle interval of a periodic wave form recorded on an electrographic chart or strip; indicia means disposed on said sheet for designating the transverse parallel lines as graduations of a scale comprising int

Abstract: A self-propelled drawing device is driven by two independent wheels whose axes are fixed, and has a writing tip which marks the drawing medium at a point which is not on the imaginary line joining the points of contact of the wheels with the drawing medium. The drawing device is connected to a stationary control device by flexible conductors in the form of a ribbon whose width lies in a vertical plane. Instead of a drawing device, the device can be arranged as a tracing device with counters on the wheels and a tracing tip instead of the writing tip.

Abstract: A guide structure designed to locate blank spaces on a displayed form of a word processor through the utilization of a line scale and a character scale movably attached to and selectively positionable over the face of a conventional paper or like material form wherein indicia formed on each of the scales serves to establish coordinates of any blank space on a material form regardless of its location. The coordinates are then related to the operator of the word processor along with informational instructions for filling the blank space.

Abstract: To provide accurate reconstructable records of the events and therapy administered during a cardiac arrest, flow sheets are attached to the top of a timing clipboard. Each row of the flow sheet matrix indicates a different event and the columns indicate the time of events. The clipboard illuminates columns at intervals in the range of fifteen seconds to five minutes in a timed sequence across the flow sheet by energizing electroluminescent trips underneath the flow sheet to permit the nurse to indicate the events in the column corresponding to the time of the event. Other sensed data is recorded on a tape with timing signals for later reconstruction. When all of the columns have been covered, an alarm is sounded so that a new flow sheet may be attached. The page of the flow sheet is indicated on the clipboard for translation onto the flow sheet.

Abstract: A template, for use in conjunction with a radar presentation to train an intercept controller in coordinating aircraft movements, defines spatial relationships between aircraft symbols presented on the radar through range and separation scales and position cues imprinted on the template. The template also has a series of apertures which allow direct marking of aircraft position on the radar scope without removing the template.

Abstract: A golf alignment marker system is disclosed wherein a calibrated grid is provided on a golf ball and a golf club face is provided with a marking surface whereby when the club strikes the ball, a mark is imparted to the ball surface at a specific location within the grid. The golfer may then correlate the marked spot with the ball flight. A reader is provided to assist in reading the exact marked spot and a chart provides an analysis of the deviation of the marked spot with the correct impact point. An alignment scope permits proper orientation of the calibrated grid when the ball is placed on a tee. The invention may also be embodied in a training device for an accurate determination of the club swing and club face orientation. The golf alignment marker system of the present invention economically assists the golfer in determining the exact three dimensional orientation of the club face at the moment the ball is struck.

Abstract: A golf alignment marker system is disclosed wherein a calibrated grid is provided on a strip of paper which provides a mark on impact, and the paper is mounted adjacent the golf ball. A golf club strikes the paper and the ball, and a mark is imparted to the paper surface adjacent the grid. In one embodiment an adhesive-backed member or tape is adhered to the ball, and the outer surface of tape is provided with a grid mark and is impact mark sensitive, so that when the club strikes the ball, a mark is imparted to the tape surface at a specific location on the grid. The golfer may then correlate the marked spot with the ball flight. A reader is provided to assist in reading the exact marked spot. The golf alignment marker system of the present invention economically assists the golfer in determining the exact three dimensional orientation of the club face at the moment the ball is struck.

Abstract: A navigation position plotter for determining the navigation coordinates of a point on a navigation chart and plotting the position of a point on the navigation chart. A plate bearing navigation scales divided into increments between two spaced grid lines on the navigation chart is mounted on a frame. A first plotting bar is movably mounted on the frame. A second plotting bar is pivotally mounted on the frame and intersects the first plotting bar. The frame is position over the chart such that the navigation coordinate increment underlying the second plotting bar can be read after the first and second plotting bars have been moved into intersecting relationship over the point to be plotted.

Abstract: A caliper calibrated for the direct reading of electrocardiogram tracings. Each arm of the caliper is calibrated and is read by indexing the calibration against a curved index line on the opposite arm which is varied by the spacing between the caliper points. One such calibration represents the duration in seconds of the various deflections or complexes and a second calibration represents the amplitudes of a deflection in millivolts. On the reverse side of the caliper, an arm is calibrated to indicate frequency in deflections per minute between adjacent similar deflections or a count between three such intervals. A pair of coaxial calibrated discs attached for rotation about the caliper pivot provides a rapid and accurate means for the determination of mean vector and therefore axis deviation.

Abstract: The break-even point of any enterprise is quickly calculated on a Cartesian coordinate system for plotting receipts versus costs by entering in the coordinate system the fixed costs, and pivoting a cursor to extend from the origin of the coordinate on receipts at the fixed costs to the point of fixed cost plus variable costs and receipts anticipated from a selected volume of sales. The break-even point is then read from the coordinate system where the cursor intersects a line on the coordinate system having a slope of unity from the origin of receipts and costs.

Abstract: A device for determining the mean cardiac axis for aiding in the interpretation of an electrocardiograph includes a disc shaped member having a pair of radially extending arms pivotally attached to the center of the disc. The disc also carries a plurality of radial line markings thereon and preferably spaced every fifteen degrees. At least two of the radial markings, the one at 0.degree. and the one at 120.degree. representing the first and third EKG leads, have millimeter graduations thereon. Each arm has an elongated slide thereon which when positioned at the proper magnitude setting along the proper radial marking intersects the other slide to indicate the cardiac axis.

Abstract: An instrument and method is provided for accurately determining the geographic coordinates of a specific location on a map. The instrument comprises a flat transparent plastic sheet having a variable length scale printed thereon which is defined by a plurality of straight lines radiating from a common point. Indicia are also printed on the sheet for designating the radiating lines as graduations of a scale comprising either 2.5 or 5 minutes, and with each minute being further broken down into sixty seconds. To determine a coordinate, the location in question on the map is projected to the border along a direction parallel to one set of the geographic coordinates. The transparent sheet is then placed over the map, and the scale is aligned with respect to the border such that the outermost of the radiating lines directly overlie the tick marks on the map between which the projected location falls. The scale is then read above the point at which the projected location intersects the border of the map.

Abstract: An indicator for indicating the optimum angular position of a sail which is adapted to be rotated in various positions relative to a wind, and wherein the position of the sail may be represented by a polar curve comprising a laminar zone, a drop-off zone, a transition zone and a checking zone. The indicator comprises display means for displaying the optimum angular position of the sail relative to the wind as well as evaluation means for determining the position of the sail which corresponds to value between the end of the laminar zone and the beginning of the checking zone as a function of the direction of the wind. Means for indicating the direction of the wind to the evaluation means and driving means for driving the display means to display the optimum sail position are also included.

Abstract: The device has a semi-circular housing 10 defined by a linear wall 14 and an arcuate wall 12, with an inturned edge 13, 15 on one side of the housing. Beta light strips 18 are located in the recess beneath the edges 13, 15 so that graduations on the internal walls of the housing can be viewed at night through an opening 16 in the housing.

Abstract: A plurality of projectors are positioned in spaced relationship about an object with a surface to be geometrically analyzed. The projectors have cooperating masks which project onto the object illuminated patterns that subdivide the object into predetermined sections. Each mask has a predetermined pattern of sections, and is applied in sequence. The masks are cooperatively advanced in the projectors, with a separate illuminating pattern prevailing on the object each time that the masks are advanced. The combinations of the patterns on the masks define closely-spaced sections subdividing the object. The patterns are coded so that each section is uniquely defined in coded form. Cameras having the entire object within their field of view, photograph the object each time a separate mask is applied. The patterns or sections are parallel planes projected through a mask onto the object.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide an analytical instrument (25) for use with profile diagrams (1) of materials to monitor and determine whether the detection systems producing such profile diagrams (1) are functioning properly, and to quickly pin-point and identify, among known materials exhibited by such profile diagrams (1), unknown materials exhibited by such profile diagrams (1).Said analytical instrument (25) has a flat, rectangular-shaped body (29) with three horizontal and parallel slots (61), (63) and (65) formed therethrough and markers (43) of different colors that are adjustably disposed relative to such slots (61), (63) and (65) and secured therewith. Such markers (43) are adjustably disposed respecting a profile diagram (1) to pin-point the materials profiled by such profile diagram (1) with the colored markers (43) being used thereby as color-coded reference markers for known materials profiled.

Abstract: A device for measuring growth of tumors includes concentric rings on a carrier, the radial spacing of the rings from one another progressively increasing in a radially outward direction.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a means and graphical method of calculating Moments of Inertia which utilizes a specially designed graph paper that simplifies calculation of the Moment of Inertia of an irregular shaped area with respect to a fixed axis.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method and specific apparatus for extracting significant data values, analogous temporally and electrically to the physiologic myocardial action potential which accompanies each cardiac contraction, from conventionally recorded electrocardiograms. The apparatus for measuring deflection and temporal values from said conventional electrocardiograms is comprises of three transparent elements. One of the elements constructed to be positioned over the electrocardiogram to be measured and has integral therewith a grid, while the two remaining elements are slideably positioned one over the other on the said positioned element such that their movement is at right angles to each other.

Abstract: A diagnostic scale for interpretation of an electrocardiogram composed of a fixed diagnostic scale having formed two sections on the surface thereof, one section displays the interrogation items concerning various parameters of the electrocardiogram, and another the diagnostic names of the electrocardiogram; and sliding scales each indicating the affirmation or denial to each of the interrogation items above described. By arranging the sliding scales according to the affirmation or denial to each interrogation item relative to a electrocardiogram of a patient, diagnostic names of the electrocardiogram of the patient can be quickly and objectively displayed on the fixed diagnostic scale by the mark formed by the arranged scales.

Abstract: A stock trend indicator and method of using is disclosed. The manipulable instrument is used with a standard stock chart to forecast an evaluation of future stock behavior.

Abstract: A contour interpolator and distance divider comprising an instrument which converts a mathematical operation directly into a graphic solution, including a scale device where there are a plurality of scales extending in parallel relation running in consecutive numbers in opposite directions and an adjustably mounted instrument support positioned in relation to the scales and cooperating therewith to adjustably position over the scales a plotting instrument from which contour interpolations may be determined.