Abstract: A dual usage level marking instrument is provided that includes a leveling rod. This rod has a dotted-type laser device fixed at one end and a straight-type laser device fixed at the other end. Leveling elements are installed on this rod. The dotted-type or straight-type device installed on the both ends emit dotted or vertical/horizontal marking lines. The instrument is used on construction sites for marking measurement.

Abstract: A laser angle adjustment device for laser measuring instruments including a rectangular casing, a fixed bubble level and an adjustable bubble level mounted on the casing at right angles, a barrel turned in a hole in the casing, a top cover fixedly fastened to the barrel at one end to hold a laser module for providing a laser reference line for measurement.

Abstract: A tool for use in checking the level or grade of the ground surface in a construction area or site using a daylight visible wavelength semiconductor laser diode module to project a laser beam from the location of interest to a location where the elevation or the amount of cut or fill is known. The tool is a relatively small, hand-held and compact device that utilizes batteries contained within the tool to power the laser diode. The laser diode module fits within a module plug that fits within a module plug compartment in the front of the tool. A front end cap encloses the laser diode module and the module plug in the tool. The laser beam emitted from the tool is in axial alignment with an edge or ridge on outside surface of the tool. A bubble level ensures that the tool is held parallel to the ground during use.

Abstract: A self-adjusting level for determining the leveling between two distant points is disclosed. It mainly contains a main body and a light beam indicator. The main body contains a flame having two oppositely disposed supporting arms, a disc-like base disposed below said main body, and a 360-degree rotatable graduated angle-measuring disc disposed between said base and said frame.

Abstract: A support for a laser beam generator in a carpenter's level is positioned on the level so that the laser beam generated will lie in the plane of a flat reference surface of the level. A battery or other power supply is housed in the carpenter's level together with circuitry to connect the power supply to the laser beam generator and preferably a switch allowing the generator to be turned off and on. Gauges may be employed in the level for vertical, as well as horizontal, orientation to the reference surface and, if desired, a gauge enabling the reference surface to be repeatedly placed at a predetermined angle relative to the horizontal may be included. Such a gauge may be a commercial gauge such as an inclinometer. Preferably, however, a conventional gauge employing an arcuate tube filled with liquid having a bubble in it which seeks the highest level of the tube with calibration marks for accurately positioning the bubble.

Abstract: A combination level has a rectangular housing and liquid-filled vials each having an entrained gas bubble to indicate horizontal level and vertical plumb at a local location. A scope element is incorporated within the housing and utilized to ascertain level at a remote location. A lens system within the scope element allows the user to focus the image and cooperates with the horizontally disposed vial to indicate level at a distance. Alternatively, a sighting bead is incorporated into a sighting groove on the top of the housing to viewably align an object at a distance. A flip-out mirror assembly associated with a horizontally disposed vial allows the user to evaluate the horizontal level at a remote location through cooperation with the sighting bead. A recess with fixed bearings allows the housing to be mounted on a makeshift stand.

Abstract: The device has a fixed rod 15 aligned with the working axis of the tool, e.g. a pistol drill. The rod 15 is in spring biassed, telescopic sliding engagement with a tube 16 fixed to an indicator head 17. The head 17 includes a universal-type pivotal coupling and bears indicia to indicate when the axis of the rod 15 is perpendicular to a work surface against which the head 17 bears. The rod 15 carries a depth gauge scale 19, and an adjustable stop 20 determines the maximum depth of penetration of the drill bit into the workpiece.

Abstract: A gunsight device for a rotating-wing aircraft having a hollow rotor hub (1), on which there are radially mounted blades constituting said rotating wing, and which is connected to the main transmission box (2) by a drive shaft coaxial with the rotor of the aircraft. The device includes a nonrotating gunsight head (3) mounted, by means of a support (4), at the free upper end (5a) of a nonrotating mast (5) arranged coaxially inside the hub (1) and the drive shaft of the rotor, the other end (5b) of which mast is fixed into the main transmission box (2), a rolling contact bearing (6) coaxial with the rotor axis being provided between the hub (1) and the mast (5). A suspension (7), intended to filter out the excitations in roll and in pitch to which said gunsight head (3) is subjected, is provided between the base (4a) of the support (4) of the gunsight head (3) and the upper end (5 a) of the mast (5).

Abstract: A fixture automatically aligns a laser transmitter bolted to a rifle. A case is horizontally oriented and a hinged end cover is swung upwardly to reveal a control unit. The barrel of the rifle is supported on a weapon rest mounted to the base unit and the trigger guard or clip receptacle is mounted in a vise on a sliding rack inside the case. The vise has knobs for adjusting the azimuth and elevation of the weapon, thereby permitting the soldier to aim at a target reticle. An optics unit is mounted on a forward portion of the base unit and includes a lens and a beam splitter which is transparent to infrared light from the laser transmitter but reflective to visible light. The illuminated target reticle is mounted inside the optics unit. The beam splitter is positioned forward of the lens and is angled at forty-five degrees to project the image of the target reticle through the lens at infinity.

Abstract: A laser positioning device is provided in which a level is associated with a demountable mounting set-up and a plate member. The plate member projects laterally from the level and is scribed with a protractor. A pointer is pivotally associated with the apex of the protractor. A laser beam generator is associated with the pointer. Thus, a laser beam from this generator can be impinged against a remote target location that is in a predetermined orientation relative to the generator when the device is mounted by the mounting set-up.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for locating in the sky celestial objects, using a telescope, wherein two guide stars and the celestial object are represented, according to their respective locations, on a disc which is able to rotate with respect to the telescope around an axis, orthogonal to the telescope axis, and passing through the representation of the celestial objects. The images of the two guide stars are projected in the sky and the telescope and the disc are moved until the images of the guide stars are superposed with the respective actual guide stars in the sky.The guide stars form a triangle with the celestial object. The telescope is preferably provided with a alt-azimuth type mounting. The guide stars are represented on the disc by small holes. A light source placed under the disc creates light dots which are projected in the sky using a plano convex lens optically aligned with the disc rotation axis, and a semi-transparent mirror inclined at 45 degrees on the rotation axis.

Abstract: A method wherein a light emitting device, such as a laser, is used to precisely measure strike measurements of planar geologic features; for example, bedding planes, fractures, or fold axes. A pre-existing survey line between two spads is first located on a plan view map of the mine. A tape measure is placed between the two located spads in the mine. A laser is then placed on the planar surface to be measured, and the instrument leveled. The laser unit in the instrument is activated and the beam located at its intersection with the tape measure. The location point of the laser unit on the wall of the mine is marked on a mine map, the point on the tape where the beam intersects the tape is marked on a mine map, and a line is drawn between the two points. This line defines the strike of the planar feature relative to the survey line.

Abstract: A movable film cartridge with at least one view superimposed by a protractor image on transparent film is further provided with a compass viewed through a prism at an edge of the field of view of the film containing a map or aerial view image. A double spool cartridge contains the film and moves the film from one spool to the other reversibly by a hand-turned knob or motor. The cartridge moves vertically within the light-tight casing housing the cartridge. An eyepiece with a sealed double flap opens for viewing with the eyepiece tightly sealed against the face of a user. A button operated by the user's nose or bridge of the nose turns the interior light on for light-tight viewing. Magnified viewing of the microphotographic film may be through a single lens in a wrist mounted embodiment or through a double viewing system for stereo vision with images recorded from two different perspectives separated by the distance between the eyes of the user.

Abstract: A viscous dampened sensitive pendulum carries a generally upwardly directed light source for indicating the gravity vertical. The sensitive pendulum is carried for two degrees of pivotal freedom by flexural pivots which are biased for operation at an error free or hysteresis free zero spring rate for small pivotal deflections. A drive pendulum coupled through the flexural pivots to the sensitive pendulum maintains a small pivotal deflection so that error free, zero spring rate, operation is achieved.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical alignment method and apparatus for aligning a selected object with respect to an top-dead-center portion of a substantially circular wheel. A base mounted on the wheel has a positioning mechanism for effecting alignment wth the top-dead-center of the wheel. A mirror mounted on the base reflects an image of the selected object. The mirror has a reference mechanism associated therewith for referencing the image to indicate the relative alignment of the selected object with respect to the wheel top-dead-center. A sighting mechanism aligned with the reference mechanism allows accurate observation of the relative alignment between the image and the reference mechanism. The object is then moved until the image thereof is selectively aligned with the reference mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a topographical surveying instrument, comprising:a horizontal table bearing a shaft perpendicular to the plane of the table,a device adapted to rotate on the shaft and comprising:a generator of a light beam perpendicular to the axis of the shaft,a measuring tape unwindable parallel to the beam,a ruler for plotting on the table.The invention is more particularly applicable to an apparatus for surveying conspicuous points inside premises.

Abstract: A geodetic compass having a mirrored cover that has the dual purpose of providing means for reading the compass needle orientation for geodetic purposes, while at the same time having cross hatch diffractional sighting means incorporated in said cover and mirror for utilizing said mirror for emergency signalling purposes.

Abstract: A measuring arrangement is described for determining the terrestrial refraction in geodetic measurements, (such as trigonometric height transfers when staking out and for precision tachymetry, controlling devices for building machinery using a laser beam, and precision levelling). The measuring arrangement includes a geodetic measuring instrument, an electronic calculator and a device for measuring differences of travel times of soundwaves. After the soundwaves produced by a sound emitter have traversed representative airlayers (for instance at different heights), the time difference is measured and is used for calculating the refraction.

Abstract: A suspension device for an angle indicator intended to indicate the angle of an object to the vertical line and comprising two angle-indicating devices designed each to indicate a predetermined angle to the vertical line and located in two planes perpendicular to each other. The suspension device comprises an outer ring which is attached rotatably about a diameter of the ring and connected to the object, and an inner ring which is located perpendicularly to and inside of said outer ring. The inner ring is movable along the inside of the outer ring. Attachment components are provided for the angle indicator inside of the inner ring and enable movement along the inner ring. According to a preferred embodiment, the attachment components are designed to attach the angle indicator so that one of the angle-indicating devices indicates the angle of the plane of the inner ring to the vertical line.

Abstract: An adaptor for mounting one instrument, such as an electronic distance measuring device, atop another instrument, such as a telescope or theodolite, for movement together about a horizontal axis with a base member attached to the upper device and presenting two downwardly facing cam surfaces and support members engaging the cam surfaces for vertical movement against springs to counteract the forces produced by the upper instrument as it pivots.

Abstract: The bore sighting apparatus or alignment device is comprised of a two-part ring hinged together and provided with a clamp for securing the ring on the muzzle of a howitzer. A pair of hinged witness sights are provided on the ring and a pair of arms extend outwardly from opposite sides of the ring. A vertical arm is hinged on the outer end of each arm with a target and leveling vile being disposed at the top of each vertical arm. A turnbuckle-type device is connected between the upper end of each vertical arm and the horizontal arm for adjusting the vertical arm to a true vertical position. The targets are comprised of a cylinder having a pattern in glass on the viewing end with the opposite end having a smaller opening with a translucent lens to allow the entry of light to illuminate the viewing end. The targets may be sealed and filled with nitrogen to eliminate fogging and a fitting is provided on the rear of the target to accept a collimator lighting source for night bore sighting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for carrying out a survey of the basal area of a forest stand and the distribution of the individual trees with respect to diameter classes.The device of the invention comprises a caliper combined with a relascope in such a way that a certain position of the caliper corresponds to a certain sighting-angle. Furthermore the device comprises a sight field located at an observation point. When practicing the method of the invention the tree to be measured is calipered. Then the sighting-angle of the relascope is compared to the sight field and by checking if the sight field is within the sighting-angle it is determined whether the measured tree is within its border line circle or not.

Abstract: Fine adjustment of a surveying instrument telescope reference spirit level is effected by rotating the bubble vial of the level about an axis which is slightly angularly displaced from the longitudinal axis of the vial.

Abstract: A folding sighting device to define and then to relocate the point where the user is placed, said device allowing the user to simultaneously identify linearly opposite reference points to establish a first reference line, and to subsequently fix and record linearly opposite reference points to establish a second reference line which intersects the first reference line. The sighting device or site relocator has an elongated base member with coordinating sighting elements at the opposite ends so that an eye sighting can be made to identify a reference point at a distance from the user. The sighting device or site relocator likewise has a foldable and pivotable sighting member which is likewise elongated and having at least one planar surface towards the user. A mirror with an index line is mounted to the top of the sighting member so when unfolded a reference point is visualized in the mirror simultaneously as with the alignment of the reference point by the coordinated sighting elements on the base member.

Abstract: The antenna reflector whose surface is to be measured is mounted on a moderately level surface. A relatively thin full diameter template is located sequentially at n different locations in the antenna reflector. Spacers are disposed between the template and the reflector surface at each of the n locations. A graduated target is mounted on the template at the certral vertical axis of the reflector. A bench scope is supported and levelled on a table disposed a convenient distance from the target and sighted at the target at each of the n locations. At each of the n locations a height reading is made and measurements of the spacing between the template and reflector surface are made at m intervals along the template. These readings and measurements are recorded in a matrix of n rows and (m + 1) columns. The change in height reading is calculated for each position of the template and used to weight the associated m spacing measurements.