Abstract: A visual aid for football spectators includes red and green lights on poles associated with a particular game object, which are selectively energized by remote control to indicate the success or failure to achieve the particular game object. In one embodiment the poles are goal posts and the lamps indicate the success or failure of a touchdown, field goal or conversion attempt. In another embodiment the poles are yardsticks and the lamps signal the achievement or lack of achievement of a first down.

Abstract: A carriage is provided for movement along a track which is positioned parallel to one side of the playing field. Means for providing a measuring beam, such as a laser beam, is supported from the carriage and directs the measuring beam across the field and perpendicular to the track. A beam receptor which can be moved on the field is provided which includes means for detecting the measuring beam when the receptor is positioned in alignment with the beam and signaling means is connected to the detecting means for indicating when the receptor is positioned in alignment with the measuring beam whereby a football may be located or positioned on the field by its relative position to the receptor. Brake means are provided for releasably locking the carriage in place on the track. Measuring means may be connected to the carriage for moving the carriage predetermined distances along the track. The signaling means preferably includes both a visual signal and an audible signal.

Abstract: A billiard training device (e.g., for games of pool, snooker or billiards) for simultaneously providing a visual indication of desired point of aim for the cue ball and desired point of contact with an object ball, to propel the latter in a predetermined desired direction. The device can be unitary in construction, with a relatively flat indicator surface at substantially one half the height of the cue ball. The indicator surface can also be of the same diameter as the cue ball, and can be provided with indicia to locate both the desired point of contact on the object ball and desired point of aim for the cue ball. In use, the device is positioned immediately adjacent an object ball to indicate both the desired point of contact and point of aim. Through repeated use in practice, a player can learn both the "feel" and principle of correct aim, and thus perfect his playing ability. To facilitate visual training, the device can also be constructed of transparent material.