Abstract: Image recognition and distance calculation methods and devices are provided. First, an image corresponding to a level ruler is obtained, wherein the image includes a first predefined scale and a second predefined scale projected on the level ruler. Then, a baseline height of a baseline mark in the level ruler is determined according to the image. The heights of the first predefined scale and the second predefined scale are calculated according to the baseline height of the baseline mark, the position of the baseline mark in the image, and the positions of the first predefined scale and the second predefined scale in the image. Thereafter, a distance to the level ruler is calculated according to a height difference between the heights of the first predefined scale and the second predefined scale.

Abstract: Pulley alignment apparatus for aligning pulleys when the operating position of a variable sheave pulley of a pulley system has changed is provided. The pulley alignment apparatus has an adjustable laser light unit that can be adjusted to compensate for the resulting displacement of the centerline of the variable sheave pulley when the operating position is changed. The pulley alignment apparatus also has a set of gauges for determining the operating position of a variable sheave pulley and determining if a belt is adequate for the variable sheave pulley at the operating position.

Abstract: A survey setting point indicating device comprises a prism device 5 and a support member, and in the survey setting point indicating device, said prism device comprises a laser emitting device 16 for emitting a laser beam 17, an omnidirectional prism 9 having a cavity 14 in a center, a mirror 18 which is provided in said cavity, is rotatable about two axes crossing at right angles, and can deflect, in an arbitrary direction, said laser beam emitted from said laser emitting device, and a control unit 19 for controlling a posture or a rotation of said mirror, and said support member supports said prism device, and said laser beam is configured to attach (transfer) a position of a center of said prism device to a required surface.

Abstract: A laser readable surveying rod is provided with adjustable lighting elements. More specifically, lighting elements, such as LED lights are provided along a length of a surveying rod such that laser readings may be taken at night or in dark conditions. Lighting elements may be translated along a length of a rod, particularly where it is desirable to illuminate only a portion of a rod and conserve valuable energy.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise devices, systems, and components for use with a survey pole positioning system. For example, embodiments of the invention provide a survey pole positioning system that efficiently, easily, and safely allows a surveyor to position a survey pole, and thus position a surveying device on a surface where a surveyor cannot directly stand. In one embodiment, a hinged member couples a survey pole to a positioning rod such that the positioning rod can rotate with respect to the survey pole. A surveyor can then use the positioning rod to position the survey pole on a surface where the surveyor cannot directly stand.

Abstract: The MAGROD is a magnetic locator that is designed in such a way so as to, in addition to the function of detecting metal, work simultaneously as a land surveyor's rod that allows measurements to be executed with either a prism and surveyor's electronic total station, a prism and surveyor's robotic total station, or with a GPS antennae.

Abstract: A frame construction tool system, for wood frame buildings, or for metal, polymer, concrete, or composite frame buildings, and methods of using some or all of the tools of said tool system, are particularly well-adapted for roof and/or wall construction. Preferably, a laser light unit comprises a plurality of adjustments for directing the laser light in a variety of directions, preferably for vertical, horizontal, and pivotal adjustment. The laser light unit may be used with targets, cuttings guides, and/or prism units for splitting and/or redirecting the laser beam. In one embodiment, the laser light unit is used with reflective and/or translucent/transparent targets to accurately build a “build-over roof” wherein the laser light unit maps out points and lines of an accurate connection between the roofs. In another embodiment, the laser light unit is used with one or more targets used at the top of a stud wall, to produce a straight line reference from one end/corner of a wall to another.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adapter top for adapting a drilling with 3D-coordinate measurement technology, which may be placed on drilling adapter with a first housing for a first retroreflector with a first diameter, and the adapter top comprises a second housing for a second retroreflector with a second diameter, wherein the second diameter is greater than the first diameter. The invention further relates to a positioning element for adapting a drilling with 3D-coordinate measurement technology by adjusting the relative position of a first standard drilling adapter with a first housing for a first retroreflector with a first diameter and an adapter fitting which is designed such that by combination of the first standard drilling adapter with the positioning element and the adapter fitting a standard drilling adapter with a second housing for a second retroreflector with second diameter can be emulated.

Abstract: A geodetic target for use in geodesy includes a support, a measuring target supported by the support, an identifier supported by the support, and a controller. The identifier includes at least one identification element that is configured to be switchable between at least two optical states and has a first predetermined optical property in one optical state and does not have the first predetermined optical property in a further optical state. The controller is configured to change the state of the at least one identification element. A geodetic measurement instrument includes an identifier detection unit, a measuring unit, and a transmitter configured to address a receiver of the geodetic target and to transmit control commands to the same which effect the change of the optical state of the at least one identification element of the identifier of the geodetic target. A system includes the geodetic measurement instrument and geodetic target.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adapter top for adapting a drilling with 3D-coordinate measurement technology, which may be placed on drilling adapter with a first housing for a first retroreflector with a first diameter, and the adapter top comprises a second housing for a second retroreflector with a second diameter, wherein the second diameter is greater than the first diameter. The invention further relates to a positioning element for adapting a drilling with 3D-coordinate measurement technology by adjusting the relative position of a first standard drilling adapter with a first housing for a first retroreflector with a first diameter and an adapter fitting which is designed such that by combination of the first standard drilling adapter with the positioning element and the adapter fitting a standard drilling adapter with a second housing for a second retroreflector with second diameter can be emulated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surveying system, comprising a rotary laser irradiation device 1 installed at a known point and used for projecting two or more fan-shaped laser beams 3 with at least one of the fan-shaped laser beams tilted and for forming a laser reference plane, a photodetection device 4, which is mounted on a mobile support member 9, for receiving the laser beam and for calculating an elevation angle at a photodetecting position, and a monitor photodetection device 11 installed at a known position within the laser reference plane, wherein the monitor photodetection device has a monitor photodetection sensor for sensing and detecting the laser beam, a storage unit for storing a reference value of the laser reference plane, an arithmetic control unit for calculating positional changes over time of the laser reference plane based on the result of photodetection by the monitor photodetection sensor and on the reference value, and a transmitting unit for transmitting the positional changes ov

Abstract: A Prism Tripod includes a planar base including a supported portion and a cantilever portion. Preferably the base includes a cantilever axis, and a point axis, wherein the cantilever axis within the cantilever portion and the point axis within the supported portion. The prism tripod including at least three legs supporting the base and a laser holder for supporting a locating device and a laser. The base is adapted to demountably receive the laser holder along the cantilever axis, wherein the laser and locating device mounted along the cantilever axis.

Abstract: A height recording system includes a telescopic rule formed from a head and a telescopic assembly used to vary a distance between one support end forming a base for the telescopic assembly and an upper end supporting the head. The height recording system comprises: a measurement system that measures the distance; a receiver including photosensitive cell(s) to detect an optical beam output from a laser system; a module starts or validates a height measurement by the measurement system starting the measurement or the validation in response to the module receiving a determined signal from the receiver; the determined signal being representative of the laser beam being detected by one of the photosensitive cells.

Abstract: A measurement targeting apparatus comprises a target body, a vessel with a channel, a fluid located within the channel in the vessel, and a pressurization system. The target body is selected from one of a photogrammetry target, a theodolite target, a construction ball, a touch probe target, a coordinating measurement machine probe target, a laser tracker target, and a laser projector target. The vessel has a centerline, has a substantially cylindrical portion capable of being received in a hole in a part, and is comprised of a material selected from steel, aluminum, and plastic. The vessel is capable of expanding when the fluid within the channel in the vessel is pressurized. The pressurization system is capable of pressurizing the fluid within the channel to cause the vessel to expand around the centerline.

Abstract: A combination target reflector, light emitter and bracket assembly is disclosed for use in marking points during the taking of a land survey. The combination is pivotally connected to a central rod of a target tripod or a tripod that supports a target reflector. The disclosed combination includes first and second arms and a light emitter that is held in axial alignment with the target reflector. The first arm is pivotally and perpendicularly connected to the central rod of the tripod. The second arm is perpendicularly connected to the target reflector and the light emitter. The tripod can be moved close to a point to be marked, the tripod can be adjusted to plumb the target reflector and then the second arms, light emitter and target reflector can be moved out of axial alignment with the rod to mark the point without moving the tripod. As a result, the conventional trial and error procedure currently employed can be avoided.

Abstract: An Improved target for surveying has a body including a connector member, a stem member connecting the connector member to the body, a spirit level member connected to a surface of the body, a rod member extending vertically from a top side of the body, and a horizontal line drawn on a vertical surface of the body; and a bracket adapted to be rigidly affixed to a wall or post member, the bracket including a receptacle member adapted to receive and rigidly hold the connector member in a chosen position.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention concerns a target for use with a measuring instrument in distance measuring and surveying applications. The target includes a base element, at least one light reflecting area arranged at the base element, the at least one light reflecting area being arranged to reflect light beams being incident in an angular area of substantially 360° degrees in plane, and an identification unit arranged at the base element and being adapted to emit signals having predetermined characteristics, wherein the predetermined characteristics may be used to identify the target.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adapter top for adapting a drilling with 3D-coordinate measurement technology, which may be placed on drilling adapter with a first housing for a first retroreflector with a first diameter, and the adapter top comprises a second housing for a second retroreflector with a second diameter, wherein the second diameter is greater than the first diameter. The invention further relates to a positioning element for adapting a drilling with 3D-coordinate measurement technology by adjusting the relative position of a first standard drilling adapter with a first housing for a first retroreflector with a first diameter and an adapter fitting which is designed such that by combination of the first standard drilling adapter with the positioning element and the adapter fitting a standard drilling adapter with a second housing for a second retroreflector with second diameter can be emulated.

Abstract: A method is disclosed whereby a laser-based spherical coordinate measurement system is dynamically calibrated. A mechanical oscillator, such as, but not limited to, a Foucault pendulum is used to generate periodic motions which can be fitted to Fourier series models. The residuals between the experimental measurements and the model can provide information which can be used to calibrate the instrument. The calibration information is used to augment the ASME B89.4.19-2006 standard to improve sensitivity to cyclic errors and include the servo systems.

Abstract: A target object (1a) used for retroflexion of optical radiation comprises at least six triple prisms (p1, p2), combined to give a 360 degree reflector which can be arranged on a geodetic measuring pole (6). The triple prisms (p1, p2) forming the 360 degree reflector are arranged in such a manner as to leave a clearance in the center of the 360 degree reflector for accommodating a section (6a) of the measuring pole (6). The prisms are also arranged in such a manner that the virtual images of the triple prism tips lie substantially in one plane perpendicular to a reference axis (10) that runs through the center of the 360 degree reflector and in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the measuring pole (6).

Abstract: A laser level detection system which detects a reference plane of laser at an arbitrary position includes a plurality of level detection units and an operation unit which displays a detection result of each of the level detection units and can operate each of the level detection units, and the laser level detection unit, which has detected the reference plane of the laser, outputs the detection result and an own identification signal of the level detection unit, and the operation unit displays the detection result and a receiving result of the identification signal of the level detection unit.

Abstract: Survey tool for performing as-built survey measurements with improved accuracy by engaging with and centering on stationary fasteners. The survey tool has a substantially conical receiver with a narrow end and a wide end, the wide end adapted for centering on stationary fasteners of various sizes. A connector is coupled to the narrow end of the conical receiver and is adapted for engaging a rod.

Abstract: Disclosed is a geodetic target object comprising at least one reflector surface, a receive channel with a detector (18) for receiving electromagnetic radiation (ES) transmitted by a measuring unit (2?), and a transmit channel with a radiation source (13?). The associated transmission port and/or reception port is/are integrated into the reflector surface or is/are embodied so as to adjoin the reflector surface such that radiation (RS) that is modulated for transmitting data can be transmitted in the direction of the measuring unit (2?) within the cross section (5?) of the radiation (ES) generated by the measuring unit (2?).

Abstract: A combination target reflector, light emitter and bracket assembly is disclosed for use in marking points during the taking of a land survey. The combination is pivotally connected to a central rod of a target tripod or a tripod that supports a target reflector. The disclosed combination includes first and second arms and a light emitter that is held in axial alignment with the target reflector. The first arm is pivotally and perpendicularly connected to the central rod of the tripod. The second arm is perpendicularly connected to the target reflector and the light emitter. The tripod can be moved close to a point to be marked, the tripod can be adjusted to plumb the target reflector and then the second arms, light emitter and target reflector can be moved out of axial alignment with the rod to mark the point without moving the tripod. As a result, the conventional trial and error procedure currently employed can be avoided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surveying system, which comprises a surveying device 1 provided with a function for tracking a target 13, and a remote control device 16 for remotely controlling the surveying device on a target side, said surveying device comprises a measuring unit 21, an image pickup unit 23, a first radio unit 33, and a first control arithmetic unit 29, said remote control device comprises a second radio unit 37, a second control arithmetic unit 35, a second display unit 18 and a second operation input unit 20, said first control arithmetic unit transmits measurement data of the measuring unit to the remote control device via the first radio unit when a detection result is within the tracking range based on the detection result of a reflection light from the target, and transmits an image data taken by the image pickup unit via the first radio unit when the detection result is out of the tracking range, said second control arithmetic unit receives the measurement data and the image data via

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention concerns a target for use with a measuring instrument in distance measuring and surveying applications. The target includes a base element, at least one light reflecting area arranged at the base element, the at least one light reflecting area being arranged to reflect light beams being incident in an angular area of substantially 360° degrees in plane, and an identification unit arranged at the base element and being adapted to emit signals having predetermined characteristics, wherein the predetermined characteristics may be used to identify the target.

Abstract: A height recording system includes a telescopic rule formed from a head and a telescopic assembly used to vary a distance between one support end forming a base for the telescopic assembly and an upper end supporting the head. The height recording system comprises: a measurement system that measures the distance; a receiver including photosensitive cell(s) to detect an optical beam output from a laser system; a module starts or validates a height measurement by the measurement system starting the measurement or the validation in response to the module receiving a determined signal from the receiver; the determined signal being representative of the laser beam being detected by one of the photosensitive cells.

Abstract: A surveying type target has a precisely located aperture that achieves tolerances, within +/?0.0005 inch, in the assembly and usage of a retro-reflective photogrammetry target for use with close range industrial photogrammetry. The dot the target may also be refurbished and reconditioned in the field under all weather conditions. This target has a precisely machined ring that fits into a precisely machined socket of a body to eliminate assembly irregularities. This target precisely locates the ring upon the body forming a finished target with a known centerline and height location within +/?0.0005 inch tolerance.

Abstract: A fallen game locator to aid the hunter in locating the precise location game was when shot. A cylindrical, cone shaped device with unspecified fluorescent or brightly colored series of rings on the exterior, working in conjunction with a target site viewer tube, extending through the small center tip of the cone shaped device, through and beyond the larger opening of the cone shaped device with the back plate in place, and secured to a riser so as to enable the series of colored rings to be seen from multiple locations, at a distance, with the naked eye, a scope, or binoculars, thus economizing the length of time required to find shot game.

Abstract: A leveling rod on adhesive tape and a method of surveying are disclosed. A leveling rod on adhesive tape imprinted with a standardized increment of measure including metric, U.S. units, engineering scale or other increment of linear measure and imprint it in a fashion common to leveling rods on an adhesive tape or label preferably in a descending scale or other format for example ascending scale, or a scale defined as cut fill. TRUE ELEVATION GRADE TAPE could then be applied to any object of interest. After a few mathematical calculations to determine your instrument height you would place at that height, the corresponding gradient imprinted on the TRUE ELEVATION GRADE TAPE on the object of interest and when viewed with any telescopic instrument i.e. a builders level, you could determine the exact elevation of the object of interest. Or any change thereof.

Abstract: In one embodiment is provided an adjustment mechanism wherein the surveying pole moves about a point which is located next to or adjacent the ground surface point at which the pole is being place. In one embodiment the surveying pole moves about a point which located at the ground surface. In one embodiment the surveying pole moves about a point which is located next to the ground surface, but above the ground surface. In one embodiment the surveying pole moves about a point which is located next to the ground surface, but below the ground surface. In one embodiment a tightening means is provided which is concentrically mounted around an axial line passing through the pole. In one embodiment a biasing means is operatively connected to the tightening means. In one embodiment the biasing means is a spring. In one embodiment the biasing means is a conical spring.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of one or more targets to measure surfaces. The target may comprise a first portion adapted to reflect a laser beam towards a laser tracking device, a second portion adapted to reflect a light beam towards a photogrammetry device, and a third portion adapted to identify to a computer a unique identifier of the target.

Abstract: The levelling rod (1) for a level determining apparatus (2) has position indications therealong along expressed by barcode symbols (11, 12). At least some of said barcode symbols are color barcode symbols, the color serving to encode said position indications. The barcode symbols can be organised in first and second blocks (12, 11) of barcode symbols, each providing a position indication, wherein the length (Ls) occupied along the rod (1) by a first block (12) is smaller than the length (Lb) occupied along the rod by a second block (11), the first blocks thereby providing a finer position indication than the second blocks. The first blocks (12) of barcode symbols can be formed of monochrome and color bar code symbols, e.g. just one color barcode symbol and at least one monochrome barcode symbol, while the second blocks (11) can be formed purely of color barcode symbols. The invention also relates to a level determining apparatus specifically adapted for the above rod, and to a method of using that rod.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a position measurement adapter for attachment to a threaded stud, the adapter having an elongate rigid member with a first end and a second end. The elongate rigid member has a threaded aperture that extends along an axial direction from the first end to a distance that is spaced apart from the second end. In addition, the elongate rigid member has a hollow shaft that extends in the axial direction from the threaded aperture towards the second end. The hollow shaft is radially larger than the threaded aperture. A contrast target can be located on the second end. In some instances, the hollow shaft extends to the second end and the elongate member has a cylindrical shape.

Abstract: Described herein are various embodiments of a novel gauge apparatus for rapidly and repeatably attaching a conventional survey target to a structural element in order to facilitate plumb and level alignment and erection. Relatively unskilled workers can use this gauge to set a survey target a predetermined distance from the centerline of the structural element and maintain a consistent registration, thus saving time. The plumb/level alignment gauge consists, in an exemplary embodiment, of a graduated shaft with a target head fitted to receive both a standard surveyor's target and a prism. Attached to the shaft are two sliding jaws that magnetically attach to the structural element. The gauge is positioned by setting the scale mark corresponding to the offset distance directly above the centerline of the column. Plumbing is achieved by aligning the target to the offset line through conventional means.

Abstract: In one embodiment is provided is an adjustable prism corner stand which can be adjusted relative to the position of a distance measuring device. In one embodiment the present invention allows a corner to be accurately shot by placing the prism on a bar having a ninety degree angle which fits over the outside corner being shot or the inside corner being shot.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surveying device, which comprises rotators 53, 56 and 61 for deflecting a distance measuring light in horizontal direction and for projecting the distance measuring light in rotary irradiation, at least one extension member 62 for increasing a spreading angle in vertical direction of the distance measuring light, and a means for attaching or detaching the extension member so that the extension member can be inserted and removed to or from a distance measuring optical axis.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a position measurement adapter for attachment to a threaded stud, the adapter having an elongate rigid member with a first end and a second end. The elongate rigid member has a threaded aperture that extends along an axial direction from the first end to a distance that is spaced apart from the second end. In addition, the elongate rigid member has a hollow shaft that extends in the axial direction from the threaded aperture towards the second end. The hollow shaft is radially larger than the threaded aperture. A contrast target can be located on the second end. In some instances, the hollow shaft extends to the second end and the elongate member has a cylindrical shape.

Abstract: The present invention provides a surveying system, which comprises a surveying device 1 provided with a function for tracking a target 13, and a remote control device 16 for remotely controlling the surveying device on a target side, said surveying device comprises a measuring unit 21, an image pickup unit 23, a first radio unit 33, and a first control arithmetic unit 29, said remote control device comprises a second radio unit 37, a second control arithmetic unit 35, a second display unit 18 and a second operation input unit 20, said first control arithmetic unit transmits measurement data of the measuring unit to the remote control device via the first radio unit when a detection result is within the tracking range based on the detection result of a reflection light from the target, and transmits an image data taken by the image pickup unit via the first radio unit when the detection result is out of the tracking range, said second control arithmetic unit receives the measurement data and the image data via

Abstract: Disclosed herein are representative embodiments of grade rods, grade-rod readers, and combinations thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, a grade rod is provided that has a reference surface extending along at least a portion of the rod. The reference surface includes two or more reference indicators spaced at substantially even intervals from one another. A reader unit is mounted to the rod (for example, slidably mounted). The reader unit includes one or more sensors positioned proximate to at least a portion of the reference surface of the rod. The sensors of this embodiment are configured to detect the motion of at least one of the two or more reference indicators relative to the sensors as the reader unit is moved along the reference surface. Other grade rod and grade-rod reader embodiments, as well as methods for using such embodiments, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention affords a threaded attachment position adapter used for aiding in the accurate location measurement of items such as holes and studs within or on components, frames, tooling, etc. The adapter is comprised of an elongate rigid rod, an elongate rigid sleeve, which the rod slides into and is held, and a target arm with a contrast or reflective target set thereon that is fixedly attached to the sleeve. The rigid sleeve and target arm fixedly attached thereto can be held at or moved to a desired location as the rigid rod is screwed into a threaded hole or onto a threaded stud whose location is desired. The target arm is fixedly attached to the sleeve. The contrast or reflective targets can be easily and efficiently located at a fixed and known distance from an item to measured and thus aid in determining the items accurate location.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for precisely locating materials on a foundation includes an elongated survey rod, including a triggering surface, and fastener driver secured to the survey rod. The fastener driver includes a trigger. The triggering surface is located in a position to selectively activate the trigger when the fastener is located at a desired precise location on a foundation.

Abstract: A laser detector and grade rod coupling device is disclosed. The laser detector and grade rod coupling device can be compatible with laser detectors having different sizes, different shapes, and/or different relative positions of their laser targets. The laser detector and grade rod coupling device can include a height-adjustable bracket, a backing, and a flexible strap. The size of a laser detector opening between the backing and the flexible strap can be adjustable. A method for attaching a laser detector to a grade rod also is disclosed. This method can include positioning a laser detector against a bracket of a laser detector and grade rod coupling device and adjusting the height of the bracket until a laser level marking on the laser detector is aligned with a grade rod measurement indicator on the laser detector and grade rod coupling device.

Abstract: A survey marker cap assembly (20) includes a cylindrical body (22) that has a top (34) with a connection shaft (38) that extends upwardly from the center of the top (34) through a hole (42) presented by a circular disk (40) that is placed upon the top (34) of the cylindrical body (22). The connection shaft (38) presents a dome (44) that extends radially over the disk (40) to secure the disk (40) upon the cylindrical body (22) and the dome (44) presents a female dimple (46) therein for centering with a plumb bob. The cylindrical body (22) and disk (40) consist of the same or different metals and the cylindrical body (22) includes threads (32) disposed there within for placement on a surveying stake.

Abstract: A Land Surveying Safety Beacon that is secured above an existing land surveying prism assembly. The Land Surveying Safety Beacon includes a cylinder fitted with bright LED lights powered by a rechargeable battery and controlled by a switch on the top end. The bottom end of the Land Surveying Safety Beacon is threaded for securement to a standard male connection above the existing land surveying prism assembly. The fitting on the bottom end of the Land Surveying Safety Beacon is particularly formed to facilitate completed face-to-face contact and avoid misalignment when attached to an existing land surveying prism. The above abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application, which is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: Disclosed is a geodetic target object comprising at least one reflector surface, a receive channel with a detector (18) for receiving electromagnetic radiation (ES) transmitted by a measuring unit (2?), and a transmit channel with a radiation source (13?). The associated transmission port and/or reception port is/are integrated into the reflector surface or is/are embodied so as to adjoin the reflector surface such that radiation (RS) that is modulated for transmitting data can be transmitted in the direction of the measuring unit (2?) within the cross section (5?) of the radiation (ES) generated by the measuring unit (2?).

Abstract: A survey marker cap assembly (20) includes a cylindrical body (22) that has a top (34) with a connection shaft (38) that extends upwardly from the center of the top (34) through a hole (42) presented by a circular disk (40) that is placed upon the top (34) of the cylindrical body (22). The connection shaft (38) presents a dome (44) that extends radially over the disk (40) to secure the disk (40) upon the cylindrical body (22) and the dome (44) presents a female dimple (46) therein for centering with a plumb bob. The cylindrical body (22) and disk (40) consist of the same or different metals and the cylindrical body (22) includes threads (32) disposed there within for placement on a surveying stake.

Abstract: According to the invention, in order to control the vehicle geometry of a chain or belt driven vehicle, chain alignment of the secondary drive is determined by means of a laser module (1) which is placed on the lateral surface of the chain wheel or the belt pulley and whose the laser beam is directed to the edge area of the chain or belt. Wheel alignment can also be determined, by arranging two pairs of circular segment shaped calibres (11), which are pressed flat against each other by pressing means (12) on each side of the rim of at least one back wheel and on at least one front wheel of the vehicle, and by emitting parallel laser beams (17) on both sides of one of the calibre pairs to the other calibre pair (17), the laser beams impacting measuring devices (13) which are arranged on both sides of the other pair of calibres. The dimensional accuracy of the swing and the front wheel fork can also be determined in a similar manner.

Abstract: The present invention affords a threaded attachment position adapter used for aiding in the accurate location measurement of items such as holes and studs within or on components, frames, tooling, etc. The adapter is comprised of an elongate rigid rod, an elongate rigid sleeve, which the rod slides into and is held, and a target member with a contrast or reflective target set thereon that is fixedly attached to the sleeve. The rigid rod has a thread end fitted with either male or female threads. When the rigid rod is axially located within the rigid sleeve, the rigid sleeve and target member fixedly attached thereto can be held at or moved to a desired location as the rigid rod is screwed into a threaded hole or onto a threaded stud whose location is desired. Furthermore, the target member is fixedly attached to the sleeve in such a manner to afford for the target set to be approximately normal or approximately parallel to the axis of the rod.

Abstract: A surveying apparatus is provided having a telescope, a digital camera, a measuring device, and a calculating device. The telescope collimates an aiming point on a surveying object. The digital camera has an imaging optical system provided separately from the telescopic optical system of the telescope. The measuring device measures the distance between the telescope and a surveying point to be surveyed. The calculating device calculates the location of the aiming point in an image which is captured by the digital camera.