Abstract: The invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, determining the clearance between wear surfaces of a reciprocating piston engine and the surrounding cylindrical bore of the engine block, without need for physical contact with the piston. As particularly distinguished from the prior art, the present invention employs an energy wave source, collimated to impinge against selectable portions of the piston head either during its reciprocation, or at rest, in the so-called combustion or compression chamber between the moving piston and the engine cylinder. The energy source may be optical, electro-optical, acoustico-optical, or electromagnetic, generating continuous waves or high frequency pulses, or which are capable of reflecting such energy back to a plurality of detectors Such detectors are capable of measuring exceptionally high frequency (short wave lengths) signals to measure time (and hence distance) from the source to the piston head back to the detector.

Abstract: An apparatus for setting bearings that support a shaft in a housing in effect projects critical surfaces from within the housing out of the housing where the axial distance between them may be measured. Where the bearings are tapered roller bearings, a measuring element seats against tapered raceways and indeed has two tapers so that it may be utilized with bearings having differing tapers on their raceways.

Abstract: A device for measuring interference and wall thickness of a half cylindrical plain bearing includes a bearing support block provided with a substantially semi-cylindrical shaped recess for receiving the plain bearing, a pressing mechanism for closely pressing the plain bearing against the recess, a substantially semi-columnar shaped wall thickness measuring head having a smaller outer diameter than the inner diameter of the plain bearing when it closely contacts with the recess, and a positioning mechanism for establishing a predetermined positional relationship between the recess and the wall thickness measuring head upon measurement. The bearing support block carries a detector or detectors for measuring interference of the half cylindrical plain bearing, and the wall thickness measuring head incorporates measuring instruments such as air micrometers.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for measuring the interference or height of semicylindrical articles such as shell-type half bearings or the like in which the articles to be measured are adapted to be disposed in a shape-conforming cavity of a bearing cap with one parting edge surface of the bearing being supported by the framework of the apparatus. A reciprocable gaging block incorporating a gaging surface is movable to and from a measuring position and a clearance position by means of a motor and cam carrier assembly which is biased toward the gaging block under a preselected load and the eccentric cam thereon effects an intermittent reciprocation of the gaging block to and from the measuring position. Biasing means are provided for continuously biasing the gaging block toward a nonmeasuring position. A probe is provided for sensing the interference or height of a bearing being measured in response to the disposition of the gaging surface relative to the bearing cap when the gage block is in the measuring position.

Abstract: The apparatus includes measuring heads having contacts cooperating with points of the openings of the cage and a processing unit connected to the measuring heads. The processing unit provides signals indicating the positions of the central points of the openings, determines a reference geometric plane which is the plane nearest, on the average, to the central points and determines the distances of the central points from the reference geometric plane.

Abstract: Apparatus for checking linear geometric dimensions of the raceway of a ball bearing ring. A base supports a rotatable plate, which makes a ring rotate about its geometrical axis, and a mobile arm which applies to gauging heads a reciprocating motion along the transversal direction of the raceway. The gauging heads have relevant feelers which, due to the motion of the gauging heads and the rotation of the ring, contact the raceway surface along lines having an oscillating form. The gauging heads provide signals responsive to the radial dimensions of the ring in correspondence with the raceway. The signals provided by the gauging heads are processed by electronic circuits for obtaining signals responsive to said geometric dimensions, for example signals indicating the raceway minimum diameter.

Abstract: A device for measuring the angle of inclination of a surface, particularly the flank angle of a piston ring having a trapezoidal cross section. The device includes a feeler assembly which can be brought into contact with the surface. The feeler assembly comprises a pivotally supported feeler head provided with a measuring edge adapted to lie on the surface to be measured and thus conform to the surface inclination. The device further has an arrangement to measure the pivot angle of the feeler head when the measuring edge lies along its entire length on the surface to be measured.

Abstract: A shaft is confined within a housing by two indirectly mounted tapered roller bearings, and these bearings are adjusted by applying opposed axial forces to their cups, the spacing between which is dependent on the thickness of a deformable spacer located within the housing. A force of sufficient magnitude is applied to plastically deform the spacer that is between the two cups, and as the force is applied the spacing between the raceways of the two cups is monitored. The force is released when the size of the spacer will cause the cup raceways to be spaced apart a distance which provides the bearings with the correct adjustment. This distance is determined by measuring a master cup and adjusting the dimension so derived for the desired amount of end play or preload and for spring back of the spacer, hub and cups when the load is released. The process may be used where the cones are press-fitted over the shaft and have their front faces abutting.

Abstract: A method for determining the degree of the wear condition of a piston ring in sliding contact with a cylinder wall of an internal combustion engine. The piston ring has a defined magnetic property which property in sliding contact with the wall may be varied by a chromium plating. The reluctance of a magnetic field of an inductive sensor located in the cylinder wall is varied as the piston ring reciprocates and wears. The reluctance variation is compared with a predetermined reference level of the magnetic property for an acceptable degree of wear for the ring.

Abstract: A dimension measuring device for mechanical workpieces at the exit of a machine tool, comprising collection and guide means for the workpieces at the exit of the machine, and a measuring member disposed on the collection and guide means for measuring each of the workpieces as it passes the member; the measuring member itself comprises a contact element, resilient means for thrusting the contact element against the workpiece to be measured and power dissipation means connected to the contact element for making the contact element follow the profile of the workpiece which passes and for preventing the contact element from rebounding in consequence of the impacts of the workpieces.