Abstract: Systems and methods for an interactive online platform are described herein. A method includes receiving a participation request from the content deployment platform that includes a participation identifier and an authentication token. The participation identifier is indicative of a current view number of an advertisement presented to the user. The method includes validating the authentication token, determining that a user is a winner or loser based on the participation identifier matching a pre-selected participation number for the advertisement, and transmitting a message to the content deployment platform to inform the user that the user is a winner or a loser.

Abstract: A method for determining oscillations occurring in a measuring signal. The method includes the steps of receiving a measuring signal, determining the extreme values of the received measuring signal, and ascertaining closed loops of the measuring signal, by a) identifying a closed loop in the measuring signal (a closed loop being formed by two half loops having identical oscillation width and opposite direction, b) storing the identified closed loop, c) removing the identified closed loop from the measuring signal, and d) repeating steps a) through c) until all closed loops have been ascertained.

Abstract: A negative DC voltage is supplied to a flight tube from a negative voltage generator by turning on switching elements and turning off other switching elements during performance of a measurement, and a capacitor is charged by an auxiliary positive voltage generator by turning on a switching element. When an applied voltage is switched from a negative to a positive polarity, a large current is supplied to the flight tube from the capacitor by turning off the switching elements and turning on the switching element, and thus a capacitance is quickly charged to a positive potential. Thereafter, a stable positive DC voltage is applied to the flight tube from a positive voltage generator by turning off the switching element and turning on the switching element.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a drive circuit for driving an oscillator. The drive circuit comprises a first inductor comprising a first terminal and a second terminal; an electrical energy source connected to the first terminal; and a switching circuit connected to the second terminal and to the oscillator. The switching circuit is configured to operate at least in an off state, where it is configured not to feed electrical energy to the oscillator, and in an on state, where it is configured to feed electrical energy to the oscillator. The first inductor is arranged to store energy in its magnetic field when the switching circuit is in the off state, and, when the switching circuit is in the on state, the switching circuit is arranged to use at least some of the energy stored in the magnetic field to deliver a surge of current from the electrical energy source to the oscillator.

Abstract: The invention provides a power surge protection apparatus which includes at least one large capacitor used within a surge protection circuit associated with an electrical load to be protected. This large capacitor or capacitors are arranged to divert and store at least a portion of the energy present in a transient voltage surge to prevent or mitigate damage to the protected electrical load. In preferred embodiments the invention uses large capacitors in the form of electrical double layer capacitors.

Abstract: A resonator comprising: a frame; a first oscillator configured to oscillate with respect to the frame; a first driver configured to drive the first oscillator at the first oscillator's resonant frequency; a first half of a first relative position switch mounted to the first oscillator; a second oscillator having substantially the same resonant frequency as the first oscillator, wherein the first and second oscillators are designed to respond in substantially the same manner to external perturbations to the frame; a second half of the first relative position switch mounted to the second oscillator; and wherein as the first oscillator oscillates there is relative motion between the first and second oscillators such that the first relative position switch passes through a closed state in each oscillation when the first and second switch halves pass by each other.

Abstract: Provided are an oscillatory circuit based on a metal-insulator transition (MIT) device that can generate a simple and very high oscillating frequency using the MIT device, and a method of driving the oscillatory circuit. The oscillatory circuit includes the MIT device that comprises an MIT thin film and an electrode thin film connected to the MIT thin film and in which an abrupt MIT is generated due to an MIT generating voltage, a resistor that is serially connected to the MIT device, an electric al power source limiting the maximum amount of an applied current and applying a direct current constant voltage to the MIT device, and a light source irradiating electromagnetic waves on the MIT device, wherein the oscillating properties are generated by irradiating the electromagnetic waves using the light source.

Abstract: Provided are an MIT device-based oscillation circuit including a power source, an MIT device and a variable resistor, in which a generation of an oscillation and an oscillation frequency are determined according to a voltage applied from the power source and a resistance of the variable resistor, and a method of adjusting the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit. The MIT device includes an MIT thin film and an electrode thin film connected to the MIT thin film, and generates a discontinuous MIT at an MIT generation voltage, the variable resistor is connected in series to the MIT device, and the power source applies a voltage or an electric current to the MIT device. The generation of an oscillation and an oscillation frequency are determined according to the voltage applied from the power source and the resistance of the variable resistor.

Abstract: The present invention offers an object proximity detector and object position detector. The variation of frequency of an oscillator is used to detect the proximity of an object to a sensor plate. The dependence of the sensitivity of the detector on the area of the sensor plate is reduced by conducting the sensor plate to two capacitors in series. The conducting wire of the sensor plate can be flexible without causing error detection. In the sensor element of the sensor oscillator, a resistor is connected at one terminal of the sensor plate to form a high pass filter. A resistor and a capacitor are added to the sensor oscillator to form a low pass filter. The high pass filter is used to reduce the low frequency electromagnetic interference. The low pass filter is used to reduce the high frequency electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: A power source, a primary inductor, a load capacitance, and one or more tuned branch resonators and switching devices are coupled to generate pulses which represent a superposition of sinusoidal waveforms. The primary inductor is connected between the power source and the load. At the start of each cycle the load is coupled to ground and each tuned-branch resonators is reinitialized to re-energize the circuits and to stabilize the waveform when the frequencies of the sinusoidal waveforms are non-periodic.

Abstract: A power source, a primary inductor, a load capacitance, and one or more tuned branch resonators and switching devices are coupled to generate pulses which represent a superposition of sinusoidal waveforms. The primary inductor is connected between the power source and the load. At the start of each cycle the load is coupled to ground and each tuned-branch resonators is reinitialized to re-energize the circuits and to stabilize the waveform when the frequencies of the sinusoidal waveforms are non-periodic.

Abstract: A power source, a primary inductor, a load capacitance, and one or more tuned branch resonators and switching devices are coupled to generate pulses which represent a superposition of sinusoidal waveforms. The primary inductor is connected between the power source and the load. At the start of each cycle the load is coupled to ground and each tuned-branch resonators is reinitialized to re-energize the circuits and to stabilize the waveform when the frequencies of the sinusoidal waveforms are non-periodic.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit for use with a wire-loop inductive sensor and method for use. The oscillator circuit highly attenuates common-mode noise detected by the wire-loop and differential noise from both ambient and crosstalk sources are filtered by active isolation.

Abstract: A clock oscillator circuit that includes an inverting amplifier and a resonator configured to generate an oscillating signal. The clock oscillator includes a bias circuit having a relatively constant current source configured to create a bias voltage to bias the amplifier in an operating state that can sustain the oscillating signal. The inverting amplifier and the bias circuit are configured to operate in a low power state.

Abstract: An apparatus having a radio frequency resonator, which has a coil, a capacitor means and at least one switch means being associated with another capacitor means, a resistor means and a high voltage supply means, one end of the switch means being connected to a junction of the coil and the capacitor means where a radio frequency voltage is provided, another end of the switch means being connected to ground with said another capacitor means and to the high voltage power supply means with the resistor means.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit for use with a wire-loop inductive sensor and method for use. The oscillator circuit includes two balanced capacitors coupled to the wire-loop sensor, and an excitation circuit connectable with the capacitors at a selected polarity. Wherein, when the excitation circuit is connected to the capacitors, one of the capacitors is charged while the other capacitor is discharged, and both of the capacitors are discharged when the excitation circuit is disconnected to produce a pair of decaying oscillations having a caduceus-shaped output. The oscillator circuit highly attenuates common-mode noise detected by the wire-loop and differential noise from both ambient and crosstalk sources is filtered by active isolation.

Abstract: The resonant circuit has at least one resonant body of a semiconductor material anchored on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, at least one first electrode being arranged at said semiconductor material, and at least one second electrode. The first and second electrode are arranged lying opposite one another. When an AC-superimposed DC voltage is applied between the first and the second electrode, the resonant body is excited to mechanical oscillation by the DC voltage. In particular, the resonant circuit can be monoically integrated in electronic circuits.

Abstract: A resonance circuit includes a capacitor, a coil element and a primary coil of a transformer. A connection between the resonance circuit and a vehicle-mounted battery is connected and disconnected by a switching transistor at a predetermined duty cycle. Output voltage of a secondary coil of the transformer is supplied to an exciting winding of a resolver.

Abstract: A high power electromagnetic pulse driver for generating sub-microsecond rise time pulses having energy contents greater than 1 joule includes an electromagnetic pulse compressor and an electromagnetic shock line for compressing the leading edges of those pulses. The shock line may use non-linear materials whose permeability or permittivity vary greatly with varying field strength. One material whose permeability varies by a useful amount is metglass, an amorphous alloy of silicon and iron. The high power electromagnetic pulse driver may drive gas discharge lasers.

Abstract: A structure for guiding millimeter wave radiation employs a resonant coplanar transmission line on a transparent substrate. A very short, picosecond, pulse is generated on the transmission line. By having the upper half plane air, the pulse will radiate into the substrate and be guided as millimeter wave from a distributed source and formed as a point source of radiation.

Abstract: A self-oscillating burst mode transmitter transmits an integral number of cycles of a carrier signal in each transmission burst. Each burst commences at a peak value of the carrier signal and terminates at a peak value. The transmitter includes an L-C tank circuit comprising a transmitting coil (L1) connected to a capacitor (C4). The L-C tank circuit is selectively energized through a switching network (Q1, Q2, U1, U2) connected to a power source, causing the tank circuit to resonate at a prescribed frequency (f.sub.0). Selective energization of the tank circuit is achieved by the switching network as controlled by a peak voltage detection circuit (32, 34). The peak detection circuit senses when a peak voltage is present in the oscillatory waveform appearing across the coil of the resonating tank circuit. Power is switched off to the tank circuit at the conclusion of each transmission burst only when the oscillatory voltage waveform, as sensed by the peak detection circuit, is at a peak.

Abstract: A transient waveform generator capable of generating waveforms having operator specifiable characteristics, including amplitude, rise time, and phase inversion.

Abstract: A signal source for generating a well-controlled, predictable oscillating output signal within a short, predetermined and constant start-up time is disclosed. The invention includes a switchable current source for selectively providing an electrical signal to a tank circuit which, in response, provides an oscillating output signal. A control circuit, comprising a comparator is connected to the tank circuit for providing a control signal to the switchable current source which causes the current source to switch in response to the output signal. Particular embodiments of the invention include means for controlling the amplitude of the oscillating output signal, means for controlling the transconductance of the current source, and means for starting the signal source.

Abstract: A detection type device that includes an arrangement for detecting the energy absorbed by a resistive effect element in proximity to the inductor of a resonant circuit. The resonant circuit uses a direct current source to alternatively charge it and then let it ring through a switch connected between the direct current source and the resonant circuit. Two different parameters of the same oscillating signal generated by the resonant circuit are detected and compared. The difference is the result of a ratio of these parameters that accurately reflects the energy absorbed by the resistive effect element. This difference is used for measurement and control purposes.

Abstract: A self-pulsing microwave generator with a quarter-wave resonator separated y an electron transit space from a field emission cathode is provided. The quarter-wave resonator acts as an anode and a DC voltage is supplied by a discharge capacitor and a DC current source. The application of DC voltage to the resonator causes the resonator to resonate at a selected frequency dependent upon the size and characteristic of the resonator. The discharge capacitor is discharged by the resonator-cathode combination until the voltage drops below the field emission threshold voltage of the cathode at which time the pulse terminates. The resonator is in the shape of a cone to decrease the interelectrode capacitance.

Abstract: A circuit for energizing a gaseous discharge lamp at high frequency utilizing a thyristor, preferably an SCR. The energizing circuit for the lamp includes a resonant or tank circuit operating at an appropriate high frequency, preferably above the acoustic resonant frequencies of the lamp, and which also commutates an SCR. The cathode/anode of the SCR is connected to a voltage adjusting network to provide an initiating pulse through the SCR to start oscillations in the resonant or tank circuit when the SCR is gated on and which reduces the applied supply potential to the SCR during its conduction period to ensure non-conductive latching of the SCR when the gate thereto is removed by lengthening the natural commutation interval of the SCR. This permits the SCR to be used as a switch at the high frequencies involved, normally about 60 kHz.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering energy to an oscillatory system in a signal transmitter to maintain the system in a state of oscillation. A component of the oscillatory system that affects the oscillation frequency is influenced by the magnitude of a measured condition which is to be transmitted by the signal transmitter. The oscillatory state of the system is sensed through a signal path, and energy is delivered to the system through substantially the same signal path, said energy being delivered in the form of pulses at time intervals longer than a whole period of oscillation of the system to maintain the system in a state of oscillation.

Abstract: 1. A radar signal code generator comprising:a. first oscillator means comprising an output terminal for producing, at id terminal, a continuous signusoidal wave having a continuously varying frequency; andb. pulse generator means operatively connected to said first oscillator means output terminal for producing a plurality of pulses, each of which consists of a constant frequency carrier wave, the initiation of each of said pulses occurring at a predetermined time interval after a respective cycle of said sinusoidal wave from said first oscillator means reaches a selected phase value.

Abstract: A circuit receiving a degraded synchronous pulse signal which has missing pulses and phase-shifted pulses, and producing an output signal similar to and at a constant phase angle with the input signal, in which the missing pulses have been replaced and the phase-shifted pulses shifted to the correct relative position. Provision is made for adjusting output signal frequency to long term drift in input signal frequency.