Abstract: A device for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output is described wherein the device comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged into an array, at least some of said unit cells being configured to introduce time delays to an incident acoustic wave at the respective positions of the unit cells within the array of unit cells, such that said plurality of unit cells define an array of time delays to thereby define a spatial delay distribution for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output. The array of time delays may be re-configured to vary the spatial delay distribution of the device in order to generate different acoustic outputs. Also described are methods for designing or configuring such devices.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing non-destructive evaluation of the through-thickness modulus of a specimen comprises: a first low-frequency ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer configured to be coupled to a first surface of a specimen to be tested with a first delay line, the specimen having a layer of fibers perpendicular to the first surface and the second surface; a second low-frequency ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer configured to be coupled to a second surface of the specimen with a second delay line, the second contact point at a predetermined distance from the first contact point, the predetermined distance corresponding to the distance between the first surface and second surface, wherein the first low-frequency ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer is configured to transmit a guided wave into the specimen in plane with layer of fibers, and the second low-frequency ultrasonic longitudinal wave transducer is configured to receive the guided wave from the first ultrasonic longitudinal wave trans

Abstract: Systems and apparatuses involve implementing methods that may include receiving, by enhanced user equipment (eUE), an assignment of Resource Blocks (RBs) from an eNodeB (eNB), wherein the eUE is configured to receive full-duplex transmissions; for each assigned RB, measuring interference caused by uplink transmissions from one or more legacy UEs; and reporting, to the eNB, the measured interference. The present implementations may provide an eUE-based approach, an eUE and eNB interactive approach, an eUE baseband approach, and an eUE analog approach to reducing interference for full duplex enabled mobile devices.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a receiver including a determination block adapted to determine, as a gain used to adjust the power of a received signal received with a fixed bandwidth, a gain different from that used when other band is not contained in a band of the received signal if the band of the received signal contains a desired signal band and the other band.

Abstract: A multi-carrier transmitter and methods thereof are provided. For example, a multi-carrier transmitter comprises a processor operable to receive a plurality of baseband signals. Each of the plurality of baseband signals correspond to a separate data communication. A modulator is in communication with the processor. A non-linear device is in communication with the modulator. The processor is further operable to combine the plurality of baseband signals to generate a composite baseband signal. The modulator is operable to modulate a carrier signal with the composite baseband signal to generate a multi-carrier signal. The multi-carrier signal is provided to an input of the non-linear device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a signal delay between a transmission signal which is to be processed in a predetermined communication device of a mobile communication system, and a feedback signal. Each of the transmission and feedback signals is sampled for a predetermined length, and signal power magnitude values are computed in a sample unit and are stored in first and second memory blocks. Mean squared error (MSE) values are computed from a plurality of samples, while a start sample position of one block is shifted on a basis of a start sample position of the other block. A sample delay value is estimated from a start sample position of the one block with a smallest MSE value such that a sample delay between a transmission signal and a feedback signal is closely estimated regardless of a frequency allocation (FA) value.

Abstract: A transceiver front-end provides an interface between a transmission medium and transmitter, and between a transmission medium and receiver. The transceiver front-end includes a hybrid circuit, a high-pass filter, and a gain stage, that permits the reduction or the complete elimination of buffer amplifiers. Buffer amplifiers can be eliminated because the hybrid circuit and/or the high-pass filter are adapted so that they can be directly connected to each other, without a loss in circuit performance. Furthermore, the high-pass filter and/or the gain stage are also adapted so they can be directly connected. As such, the transceiver front-end can be constructed using all passive components, reducing or eliminating excess heat generation.

Abstract: A post-HPA filter rejection equalizer system and method locally equalizes post-HPA filtering. A predistorter (20) uses a phase error to control the predistortion, and an equalizer (46) uses a magnitude error to control the equalization. The equalizer samples the HPA output multiple occurrences in a burst fashion. The equalized signal is then used to determine phase and magnitude errors. The phase errors (54) are used to update the predistorter (20), and the magnitude errors (52) are used to update the analytic equalizer.

Abstract: An adaptive apparatus (10) for compensating a linear distorting action to an information signal within a non-ideal transmission system (12). Within the system (12), an information signal proceeds to a transmitter (34) that has an amplifier (62). A sample signal is coupled-off from the transmitter (34). The linear distorting action of the system (12) includes shifting of at least one aspect of the signal away from its intended value. A linear pre-equalizer (54), located along a signal stream of the information signal to the transmitter (34), pre-equalizes the information signal. An adaptive equalization determination (70), connected to receive the sample signal and the information signal outside of the signal stream to the transmitter (34), determines an amount of pre-equalization required from the linear pre-equalizer (54) to compensate the linear distorting action of the system (12).

Abstract: A system for amplitude and phase modulation combines digital and analog circuitry for converting digital data into a line signal. Amplitude and phase decoders decode the digital data to determine the amplitude and phase required to represent the current symbol of the digital data. A reference oscillator produces a carrier signal supplied to a digital delay line composed of a sequence of delay cells. Outputs of the delay cells are supplied to a phase selector controlled by the phase decoder to select the required phase of the carrier signal. The carrier signal having the selected phase is fed to a variable gain amplifier controlled by the amplitude decoder to produce the carrier signal with the required amplitude.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave delay line is disclosed having a thin, amorphous metal substrate, and deposited on the first and second surface at each end of which is a very thin layer of a piezoelectric material. Positioned on each piezoelectric material layered area are a plurality of interleaved electrodes with a first portion of each plurality of electrodes being interconnected and a second portion of each plurality of electrodes being interconnected. The electrodes on the first and second surface at one end of said device are energized with electrical signals in a phased or un-phased manner to generate selected modes of pure Lamb waves in said substrate.

Abstract: The bridge circuit receives the balance signal output from the balanced signal source, which generates a broad-band balanced signal over a frequency band of a direct current to several tens of MHz as a reflection-characteristic measuring bridge. The balance signal source is constructed by connecting in series the first balance output type circuit whose equivalent circuit is represented by the parallel-connection circuit of the resistor R.sub.1 and the electrostatic capacitor C, and the second balance output type circuit whose equivalent circuit is represented by the parallel-connection circuit of the resistor R.sub.2 and the inductance L, R.sub.1, R.sub.

Abstract: An ultrasound source for transmitting ultrasound along a fiber or rod comprises a thin piezoelectric element having two closely spaced apart concave and convex surfaces and an acoustic intensifier abutting the concave surface. The acoustic intensifier tapers from the concave surface to a narrow cross section. A cylindrical fiber or rod extends from the acoustic intensifier at the narrow cross section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modified electronic amplifier of the push/pull configuration. The difference being that only one signal (as apposed to two signals 180 degrees out of phase) is needed to drive the amplifier, the distortion in the nonlinear region is asymmetrical, and a feedback signal is used which automatically compensates for differences between the two active elements (tubes or transistors) that comprise the push/pull amplifier.

Abstract: A variable delay line includes a housing package (20, 21); an input terminal (27) extending outwardly from a first side of the housing package; an output terminal (28) extending outwardly from a second side of the housing package which is opposite to the first side; a circuit board (23) provided within the housing package; an input terminal connection land (31) provided on the circuit board and connected to an end of the input terminal; an output terminal connection land (32) provided on the circuit board and connected to an end of the output terminal; a plurality of delay elements (36); a plurality of pairs of delay element connection fixed pads (33), each pair thereof connected to each of the delay elements; and a plurality of series connection fixed contact pads (34, 35) each corresponding to each pair of the delay element connection fixed pads and connectable in series across the input and output terminal connection lands.

Abstract: An acoustic delay line includes electrodes on a monolithic piezoceramic substrate, which serve as electro-acoustic transducers for the delay line. The distance between said transducers defines the transit time, and thus the delay path. Each transducer may have electrodes on the same side of the substrate, in which case thickness of the substrate is less than or equal to one-half the wavelength of the highest frequency to be transmitted in the substrate, so as to prevent the formation of higher modes. Alternatively, each transducer may have congruent electrodes on opposite sides of the substrate, in which case the thickness of the substrate is less than or equal to the wavelength of the highest frequency to be transmitted. The substrate is polarized substantially parallel to the equipotential lines which arise in the substrate upon the application of a voltage to the electrodes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic delay line comprises a delay medium provided with transducers on at least a side surface thereof, an insulating substrate having a frame-like body in which a wiring pattern is print-formed and an opening having substantially the same shape as the outer configuration of the delay medium, the delay medium being fitted in the opening so that an electrode of the transducer is electrically connectable with the wiring pattern, and a packaging member covering at least a part of major surfaces of the insulating substrate and the delay medium so as to secure the two.

Abstract: An acoustic delay line device for microwave equipment includes a cylindrical acoustic substrate. A transducer array including four transducers located at the corners of a square is formed on each end of the cylinder. The four transducers are electrically connected in series top-to-top and bottom-to-bottom so that adjacent transducers are of opposite polarity and dipoles are formed diagonally. The first and last transducer in the series are connected electrically to the outside source of receiver of RF signals by bonding pads which are offset from the transducers, and by connection wires bonded to the bonding pads. A ground plane area is provided on both ends of the acoustic substrate surrounding each transducer array.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for the elimination of spurious echos in electro-acoustic delay lines using bulk waves. The method consists in etching an array, formed of hollows and peaks on a reflecting side of a delay line of this type, the difference in height between the said hollows and peaks giving the waves reflected from them a phase difference such that the signals induced by the spurious echos in the transducer cancel one another out. The method can be used to improve the characteristics of a delay line using bulk waves without excessively complicating its manufacture.

Abstract: An elastic waveguide, for propagating acoustic waves, consists of an elongated solid core region and an elongated solid outer cladding region. The acoustic waves propagate in a mode where the principle particle displacement is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the waveguide, this mode is called longitudinal mode. The material densities and the bulk shear wave velocities of the core and cladding region are substantially the same but the bulk longitudinal wave velocity of the cladding region is larger than that of the core region.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a small volume bulk acoustic channelizer, which does not utilize light and thereby avoids the shortcomings of light-related channelizers including limited dynamic range and poor response to short pulses. The device is essentially a bulk acoustic analogue of an optical spectroscope.

Abstract: Acoustic surface wave device comprising a lower electrode disposed on an elastic substrate and an upper electrode consisting of two comb-shaped electrodes disposed apart from each other, opposite to said lower electrode through a piezoelectric film covering said lower electrode, at least one of said lower and upper electrodes being constructed as an apodized electrode.

Abstract: A simple resonant cavity for sustaining magnetostatic waves (MSW) in a resonator device is achieved by depositing a ferrimagnetic film on a substrate and cutting two substantially parallel edges in the film. The substantially parallel edges serve as simple reflectors to replace the complex reflector arrays that are etched or otherwise formed in the prior art thin film resonators.

Abstract: An ultrasonic delay line fabricated from a solid transmission medium is configured to provide (2n+3) reflections of the desired signal at five reflective facets of an irregular polygon. The reflective pattern tends to allow maximum surface area available for the deposition of absorbent material so as to thereby and otherwise minimize spurious transmissions. In an alternative embodiment, a bifurcated delay line includes two branches physically coupled at one end and electrically coupled through a pair of transducers so that approximately half the height and width of transmission medium is required in order to effectuate a predetermined time delay.

Abstract: An ultrasonic delay line of a construction which is made up of: a casing having therein a delay medium accommodating section to accommodate therein a delay medium and a terminal accommodating section to accommodate therein planar metal terminals; and a cover to tightly close the casing, in which the terminal accommodating section has a plurality of projections to fix the planar metal terminals, a partition frame is provided between the terminal accommodating section and the delay medium accommodating section to separate both accommodating sections, the delay medium is accommodating in the delay medium accommodating section, the base part of the planar metal terminal is positioned and housed by means of projections in the terminal accommodating section, and one end of a lead wire, the other end of which has been connected with a transducer provided on the said surface of the delay medium, is connected with the base part of the planar metal terminal.

Abstract: A transmission-type electro-acoustic delay line comprises an acoustic medium delimited by a cylindrical lateral surface, a plane terminal surface on which are fixed two symmetrical transducers, and a focusing terminal surface in the form of a spherical cap. The angle formed by the plane surface and the axis of revolution of the spherical cap is less than 90.degree. by an angle such that the incident acoustic wave undergoes a single reflection on the focusing cap and such that the reflected acoustic wave is concentrated at the level of the output transducer.

Abstract: A bifurcated electroacoustic delay line exhibits at least a pair of substantially identical branches, each assuming a generally pentagonal profile. Each branch is configured to provide (2n+3) reflections of a desired wave at five reflective facets. The reflective pattern so defined tends to maximize the surface area available for the deposition of absorbent material so as to thereby and otherwise minimize spurious transmissions.The branches are physically joined along at least one side and include transducers for the conversion of electrical energy to acoustical energy. An inductance connected between two such transducers couples energy from one branch to the other.

Abstract: A bifurcated electroacoustic delay line includes first and second branches of a transmission medium, the branches being joined along respective common sides. Bonded to the common sides of the branches are respective first and second input and first and second output transducers, the transducers arranged so that the input transducers are positioned laterally adjacent each other and the output transducers are analogously positioned. An inductance diagonally couples the first output transducer to the second input transducer permits frequency tuning of the delay line.Diagonal coupling via an inductance operates to mitigate the effects of spurious responses derived from the divergence of electroacoustic waves between laterally adjacent tranducers and, collaterally, permits tuning of the delay line composite frequency response.

Abstract: A bifurcated electroacoustic delay line exhibits at least a pair of substantially identical branches, each assuming a generally pentagonal profile. Each branch is configured to provide (2n+3) reflections of a desired wave at five reflective facets. The reflective pattern so defined tends to maximize the surface area available for the deposition of absorbent material so as to thereby and otherwise minimize spurious transmissions.The branches are physically joined along one side so as to define an area of bifurcation. A plurality of piezoelectric transducers are bonded at the area of bifurcation in a pairwise laterally adjacent manner. An inductance couples electrical energy from the output transducer of the first branch to the input transducer of the second branch.

Abstract: A transducer with thin films of gold having a high degree of orientation on surfaces previously yielding only unoriented gold has a layer of glass over the surface of the substrate material followed by a layer of oriented gold over the layer of glass. The added layer of piezoelectric material over the layer of oriented gold provides piezoelectric material having good orientation due to the oriented gold. Addition of a top conductive electrode forms a transducer wherein the piezoelectric material has a high degree of orientation.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an ultrasonic transducer device that includes a plurality of layers of piezoelectric material. A plurality of conductive electrodes are disposed on the layers of piezoelectric material such that each layer of piezoelectric material has electrodes on opposing surfaces thereof. A series string of electronic delay means is provided, and has successive stages that are respectively coupled between pairs of the electrodes. An input/output terminal is coupled to an end of the series string of electronic delay means. The time delay of each electronic delay means is selected as a function of the ultrasonic wave propagation time through the piezoelectric material across which the electronic delay means is coupled. Preferably, the time delay of each electronic delay means is substantially equal to the ultrasonic wave propagation time through the piezoelectric material across which the electronic delay means is coupled.

Abstract: Tunable selective devices utilizing forward magnetostatic bulk waves. A filter is able to act as an oscillator loop or as a passive transmission system in which two resonant cavities including gratings are so arranged that via a selective reflector grating they may exchange magnetostatic bulk waves energized and intercepted by transducers of the microstrip type. The invention relates in particular to the filtering of very high frequency electric signals, and to the production of tunable oscillators and to measuring magnetic fields.

Abstract: There is disclosed a solid ultrasonic delay line which comprises a delay medium having two parallel major faces and at least three end faces intersecting the major faces, an input transducer bonded to one of the end faces and polarized in a direction parallel to the major faces for transmitting an ultrasonic signal in a shear mode into the delay medium, and an output transducer bonded to one of the end faces for converting the ultrasonic signal having propagated through the delay medium into an electrical signal. The input and output transducers have boundary surfaces lying flush with the two major faces of the delay medium, the major faces and the boundary surfaces being ground to a surface roughness which is one-twentieth or smaller of the wavelength of the ultrasonic signal propagating through the delay medium.

Abstract: A magnetostatic wave device which has broad application in the signal processing arena is disclosed herein. Basically, the magnetostatic wave device includes a layer of magnetized magnetic medium having a surface which includes a prespecified area to support the propagation of magnetostatic waves. A generator element is disposed at one end of the propagation area and is operative to carry an electromagnetic signal to generate magnetostatic waves supported by the propagation area. A pattern of conductive material having a plurality of conductive paths commonly coupled together at both ends is disposed in juxtaposition with the propagation area of the magnetic medium surface. In one embodiment, the conductive pattern includes a variable impedance coupled to each of a desired number of the conductive paths thereof to vary the impedance of the path. Each variable impedance is adjustable controlled in accordance with an applied governing signal.

Abstract: The volume magnetostatic wave device comprises a unidirectional-radiation transducer composed of equidistant microstrips connected to a polyphase transformer and coupled to a ferrimagnetic wafer which is subjected to a polarizing magnetic field.

Abstract: An electroacoustic delay line apparatus is disclosed including an acoustic bulk wave generating transducer positioned at one end of a delay line, with a predetermined spacing being provided between the respective electrode elements of the transducer array, such that the acoustic energy radiation from the bulk wave transducers on the end of the delay line interfaces constructively for certain frequencies at selected positions on the sensor transducer surface of the delay line. Therefore each input signal frequency of the acoustic waves is translated into a desired position on the sensor transducer surface of the delay line. The elements of the transducer array are electrically phased such that any electrode element is phase shifted by .pi. radians relative to its nearest adjacent electrode element.

Abstract: An electroacoustic apparatus is disclosed for providing beam steered and focused compressional or shear waves, using an interdigital generating grid operative with one surface of a piezoelectric delay line member. The generating transducer is provided with electrode elements having a variable spacing determined by the location of a receiving transducer on another surface of the delay line. The electrode elements are energized in a predetermined phase relationship by an input signal. The apparatus is suitable for use to process signals as a pulse compression or pulse expansion dispersive delay line.

Abstract: A frequency selector apparatus wherein unidirectional input and output surface-acoustic-wave transducers are provided in an acoustic wave propagation path formed on a piezoelectric device and reflecting electrodes, to which a.c. signals are applied respectively, are disposed in the acoustic wave propagation path on opposite sides of the transducers and adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A material suitable for the propagation of acoustic waves on its surface prises a substrate of semiconductor material, of which there exists an oxide, excluding the class of piezoelectric materials, the substrate having at least one flat surface. A layer of thermally grown oxide of the semiconductor material, is disposed on the flat surface. A film of titanium, approximately 300 angstroms thick, is disposed on at least a part of the layer of oxide. A layer of vacuum-deposited metal is disposed on the film of titanium. A layer of a piezoelectrid vacuum-sputtered material is on the layer of vacuum-deposited metal and on the oxide. The semiconductor material may be silicon, the oxide may be silicon dioxide, the piezoelectric material may be zinc oxide, and the metal may be gold.