Abstract: Electroacoustic device having a transducer including a piezoelectric substrate, first and second electrodes of inverse polarity having respective first and second tracks provided on said substrate, the first and second tracks spiraling around a same center (C), the transducer being configured for generating a swirling ultrasonic surface wave in the substrate.

Abstract: An acoustic wave device includes an interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode and a separate electrode facing the IDT electrode. The IDT electrode includes first and second comb-shaped electrode facing each other. The first comb-shaped electrode includes a first bus bar, first interdigitated electrode fingers, and first dummy electrode fingers. The second comb-shaped electrode includes a second bus bar second interdigitated electrode fingers interdigitated with the first interdigitated electrode fingers, second dummy electrode fingers facing the first interdigitated electrode fingers, weighted parts, and a non-weighted part. The weighted parts have electrodes at spaces between the second interdigitated electrode fingers and the second dummy electrode fingers. In the non-weighted part, there is no electrode at a space out of the spaces which is closest to the separate electrode in the non-interdigitated region.

Abstract: A system is for encoding information on a passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. The system includes a requesting unit configured to wirelessly transmit an impulse signal. The impulse signal is a signal that includes only a single pulse. A SAW device has an interdigital transducer (IDT) configured to physically store coded data. The SAW device is configured to receive the impulse signal. In response to receiving the impulse signal, the SAW device excites the IDT to generate a coded signal that includes the stored coded data and frequency components at a fundamental frequency.

Abstract: A system is for encoding information on a passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. The system includes a requesting unit configured to wirelessly transmit an impulse signal. The impulse signal is a signal that includes only a single pulse. A SAW device has an interdigital transducer (IDT) configured to physically store coded data. The SAW device is configured to receive the impulse signal. In response to receiving the impulse signal, the SAW device excites the IDT to generate a coded signal that includes the stored coded data and frequency components at a fundamental frequency.

Abstract: A system is for encoding information on a passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. The system includes a requesting unit configured to wirelessly transmit an impulse signal. The impulse signal is a signal that includes only a single pulse. A SAW device has an interdigital transducer (IDT) configured to physically store coded data. The SAW device is configured to receive the impulse signal. In response to receiving the impulse signal, the SAW device excites the IDT to generate a coded signal that includes the stored coded data and frequency components at a fundamental frequency.

Abstract: Boundary acoustic wave devices are both compact and possess excellent temperature stability. Yet these devices have the drawback that the Q value cannot be raised, and a high cost thin-film technology is required. This invention provides a boundary acoustic wave device possessing excellent Q value along with a low cost. A boundary acoustic wave device including a film whose main ingredient is aluminum at a thickness hm, and a shorting reflector (thickness hr) and a IDT with an electrode finger period of lambda, are patterned onto the surface of a theta YX-LN single crystalline piezoelectric substrate; and a silicon oxide film with a thickness h1 and an aluminum nitride film 6 with a thickness h2 are formed on that comb electrode and reflector, wherein: 2.5?hr/??8.5% is obtained.

Abstract: A data transmitting circuit includes a reflection suppressive component generating circuit for generating a reflection suppressive component for suppressing the reflection caused by the discontinuity in the characteristic impedance on a transmission line, and a data output circuit for amplifying the reflection suppressive component and the data to be currently transmitted to a receiving side and outputting them to the transmission line.

Abstract: An intelligent packaging system utilizing acoustic wave devices includes an electronic module, a SAW ID, various passive SAW sensors and a printed antenna. The passive SAW sensors include a SAW pressure sensor, a SAW temperature sensor and one or more SAW chemical sensors for monitoring physical parameters of a package content. The electronic module generally includes a printed large area distributed electrical circuit, an impedance transformer and a SAW transponder for realizing passive wireless monitoring of the structural integrity of the package. A separate power harvesting antenna and/or a separate dual band antenna can generate radio frequency (RF) power for biasing components associated with the electronic module.

Abstract: An IDT produces a SAW when excited by a single electrical pulse and can be fabricated to embody a code, which code provides for a passive autocorrelation of a SAW input to the IDT and thereby lends itself to further application as a signal generator in a communication device. However, internal dimensions of IDTs are inversely proportional to operating frequency, such that high frequency IDTs present significant manufacturing difficulties. Fabrication of IDTs for high frequency applications is simplified by exploiting a harmonic frequency SAW generated by IDTs. An IDT may therefore be designed according to fundamental frequency internal dimension criteria but can operate at a multiple of the fundamental frequency, thereby providing much higher frequency operation than conventional SAW systems. Operation of a second harmonic SAW system at 2.4 GHz based on a fundamental frequency of 1.2 GHz is contemplated.

Abstract: Channel quality can be detected accurately in a wireless transmission system such as an HSDPA method. In the case of estimating a channel quality of a signal transmitted by a Code Division Multiple Access method and of estimating the channel quality in a system having a synchronization channel not orthogonal to a channel receiving data, a noise component of a desired channel is estimated; degree of a noise component caused by the synchronization channel is estimated with respect to the estimated noise; and a channel quality of a receiving channel is detected based on the estimated degree of the noise component.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a double TRU (Transceiver Unit) (45). The output signals from the power amplifiers (64, 84) are combined to one common output signal provided to an antenna arrangement (91). A DSP (Digital Signal Processor) (52, 72) of each TRU (50, 70) comprises means for a constant-envelope modulation scheme (54, 74) and a non-constant envelope scheme (53, 73). The DSP:s (52, 72) select the modulation scheme according to modulation information (49, 69). In such a way, a switching between different modulation schemes can be performed even on a time-slot basis. For non-constant-envelope modulation, the modulated signal is separated into two component signals. Each TRU (50, 70) takes care of the amplification of one component. A phase compensation of at least one of the TRU:s (50, 70) is performed in order to correct for different paths of phases of the power amplifiers (64, 84). The non-constant envelope modulated signal can also be a multi-carrier signal, e.g.

Abstract: The number of times for averaging operation for averaging a correlation value of a received signal and a reference signal is properly controlled. When the correlation value is not averaged, since a lower limit value TH_A of a correlation level of a distribution of timings of which a path exists is larger than an upper limit value TH_B of a correlation level of a distribution of timings of which a path does not exist, the correlation value of a path is hidden by noise. Since the averaging operation is repeated until the relation of TH_A>TH_B is satisfied, the averaging operation is stopped when the relation is satisfied. The TH_A and TH_B are decided in accordance with RSCP and ISCP of a pilot channel and RSSI of a received base band signal.

Abstract: A method of Partial Parallel Interference Cancellation (PPIC) is provided for recursively eliminating the Multiple Access Interference from a received signal. Such method is to use a recursion way to eliminate all the Multiple Access Interference (MAI) one by one from the received signal. Moreover, the present invention is to take the output of the pre-stage as the input of the present stage with the recursion method so that we can use only one operating circuit to obtain the function the MAI eliminating.

Abstract: A direct current (DC) isolated phase inverter and a ring hybrid coupler including the DC isolated phase inverter is provided. The ring hybrid coupler including the DC isolated phase inverter comprising: a first, second, third and fourth transmission line arm; a first port connected to the first arm, second port connected to the second arm, third port connected to the third arm and fourth port connected to the fourth arm; and a DC phase inverter inserted within one of the first, second, third and fourth arms, wherein the DC phase inverter comprises: a transmission line comprising a plurality of signal and ground traces, wherein the plurality of signal and ground traces are interchanged; and a plurality of capacitors disposed in series with the ground traces, wherein the plurality of capacitors isolate the DC phase inverter from a device connected to the transmission line.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave sensor or identification device has a piezoelectric material, and an interdigitated transducer (IDT) input/output mounted on the piezoelectric material for receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal and propagating a corresponding surface acoustic wave along a surface of the piezoelectric material. An IDT finger electrode array is mounted on the piezoelectric material and is operable to communicate with the IDT input/output for transmission of a modified RF signal from the device. The IDT finger electrode array has at least one finger electrode segment whose propagating characteristics are controlled to control the nature of the modified RF signal. A biolayer is mounted on the piezoelectric material and is associated with the finger electrode segment, and a fluidic chamber is associated with the biolayer.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave sensor or identification device has a piezoelectric substrate, an interdigitated transducer (IDT) input/output mounted on a substrate for receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal and propagating a corresponding surface acoustic wave along a surface of the substrate. An IDT reflector array is mounted on the substrate and operable to receive a surface acoustic wave and reflect the surface acoustic wave in modified form back to the IDT input/output for transmission of a corresponding modified RF signal from the device. The IDT reflector array has at least one reflector segment whose reflectivity characteristics are controlled to control the nature of the modified RF signal.

Abstract: Surface acoustic wave (SAW) zebra-wave-guide (10) implemented as an array of interdigitized electrode fingers, wherein the array has internal inter-finger connectors (18) providing inside electrical shorting of part of fingers (16) remaining other fingers (14) to be isolated, moreover, the array (12) is bordered by important free surface spaces (15). Time delay and phase of the propagating SAW beam front are controlled by the varying of quantity of isolated fingers (14) of the zebra-wave-guide (10). Aggregation (40) of the parallel zebra-wave-guides having different quantities of isolated fingers (14) and different widths allows manipulations with narrow SAW beams' phases and magnitudes, that becomes helpful degree of freedom for desire transformation of the SAW beam (140).

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device includes a piezoelectric substrate and an electrode provided on the substrate. The electrode includes a first metal layer provided on the piezoelectric substrate and having a trapezoid shape in the cross section and a second metal layer provided over the piezoelectric substrate at the same position as the first metal layer over the piezoelectric substrate. By controlling the shape of side surfaces of the electrode, the surface acoustic wave device hardly vary in a propagation frequency.

Abstract: Very low passband ripple is provided in a wide bandwidth high frequency SAW FIR filter using slanted finger IDTs by one or more of three techniques: cancelling regenerated SAWs at parallel-connected input IDTs of two SAW filters which are similar except for a quarter-wavelength difference in spacing of the input and output IDTs, this difference varying with wavelength across the IDT aperture; shaping edges of shield electrodes to provide quarter-wavelength differences in, and hence cancellation of, SAWs reflected at the edges, the differences varying with wavelength across the IDT aperture; and making pairs of slanted shield electrodes symmetrical to compensate for refraction of SAWs by the shield electrodes.

Abstract: A base material made of C-faced sapphire single crystal is set on a susceptor installed in a reactor arranged horizontally. Then, a trimethyl-aluminum and an ammonia are introduced as raw material gases into the reactor and supplied onto the substrate, to form an AlN film. In this case, the temperature of the base material is set to 1100° C. or over, and the ratio (V raw material gas/III raw material gas) is set to 800 or below, and the forming pressure is set within a range of 7-17 Torr. As a result, the crystallinity of the AlN film is developed to 90 arcsec or below in FWHM of X-ray rocking curve, and the surface flatness of the AlN film is developed to 20 Å or below. Therefore, a substrate composed of the base material and the AlN film is preferably usable for an acoustic surface wave device, and if the substrate is employed, the deviation from the theoretical propagation velocity is set to 1.5 m/sec or below.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface-wave transducer device—also called TAGs—and to identification systems with this device. DE 42 17 049 discloses a passive surface sensor which can be interrogated in wireless mode. In this context, energy is transmitted by radio to the sensor using an interrogation device, the interrogation being done by means of chirped transmission signals. The sensor has transducers and reflectors. The reflectors reflect the chirp signal in a time-staggered sequence, so that the sensor returns a time-staggered chirp signal to the interrogation device. The reflection principle means that the surface-wave sensor described above (also called SAW—surface acoustic wave—sensor in the following text) has a very high insertion loss of the order of 50 dB, for example.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator is provided. The oscillator includes a surface acoustic wave element for forming a feedback circuit for an amplifier, and a phase adjustment circuit including a filter which is interposed in the feedback circuit. The oscillator also has a phase shifter including a hybrid coupler to which an additional control part is attached for changing a phase value within an oscillation loop with a control voltage supplied from an external source. An equal power divider equally distributes output power within the oscillation loop and supplies the output power outside the oscillation loop. A multi-layer board is used for mounting the amplifier, surface acoustic wave element, phase adjustment circuit, phase shifter, and equal power divider in at least two separate layers.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave filter has a piezoelectric substrate and at least two interdigital transducer electrodes on the piezoelectric substrate, wherein at least one of the interdigital transducer electrodes includes a unidirectional electrode and bidirectional electrode, and the length &lgr;d of a basic cell of the unidirectional electrode is longer than the length &lgr;s of a basic cell of the bidirectional electrode.

Abstract: An ultrasound radiating and receiving device comprises a piezoelectric substrate, an interdigital arrangement of first and second comb-shaped electrodes, and a counter electrode. The interdigital arrangement is mounted on an upper end surface of the piezoelectric substrate. The counter electrode is formed on a lower end surface of the piezoelectric substrate, and is in contact with a surface-part of a material through the lower end surface of the counter electrode. When an input electric signal is applied between the first comb-shaped electrode and the counter electrode, a longitudinal wave is radiated into the material through the surface-part of the material along the direction vertical to the lower end surface of the piezoelectric substrate. If the longitudinal wave is reflected at an object located inside the material, a reflected longitudinal wave is detected between the second comb-shaped electrode and the counter electrode as a delayed electric signal.

Abstract: A system (200) for transmitting and focusing surface acoustic waves (208) along a substrate (206) is disclosed. The system (200) comprising a curved transmission element (202) that is disposed upon the substrate (206). The curved transmission element (202) is adapted to propagate an acoustic wave (212). The system (200) also comprises a curved receiving element (206) that is disposed upon the substrate in relation to the curved transmission element (202). The curved receiving element (206) is adapted to receive the acoustic wave (212) and match the acoustic wave's size and shape.

Abstract: A switch includes a conductive region, a membrane, and a dielectric region. The dielectric region is formed from a dielectric material and is disposed between the membrane and the conductive region. When a sufficient voltage is applied between the conductive region and the membrane, a capacitive coupling between the membrane and the conductive region is effected. The dielectric material has a resistivity sufficiently low to inhibit charge accumulation in the dielectric region during operation of the switch.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, magnetostrictive saw devices are provided with improved transducer structures for enhanced performance. In one improved device, the transducers are in the form of gratings with interconnected ends for reduced resistance and inductance. In another embodiment, the transducers are shaped to provide apodization. In yet a third embodiment, transducer performance is enhanced by patterning composite structures.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave matched filter for use in a spread spectrum communication system is disclosed. The surface acoustic wave matched filter includes a substrate having dispersity and is composed of a sapphire main body and a piezoelectric aluminum nitride. A tap distance L of an output side electrode is designed on the basis of a group velocity vg instead of a phase velocity vs in order to match the tap distance L with an input spread spectrum signal and to improve a correlation peak level of an output demodulated signal. When the tap distance L is set to satisfy a condition of vg/f1×0.97≦L≦vg/f1×1.02, a decrease in the correlation peak level of the matched filter can be improved from 7 dB to a value smaller than 3 dB, and S/N of the output demodulated signal can be increased. Thus, the disclosed device renders it no longer necessary to process the output demodulated signal by a complicated and power consuming circuit.

Abstract: An output side electrode of a surface acoustic wave matched filter with portions having different delay times between taps. The output side electrode may be provided by arranging parallelly a plurality of output side electrodes having different scales, different tap distances, or by forming output side electrodes in an inclined fashion or in a dog-leg shape viewed in a direction of an aperture length, or by arranging, between electrode fingers, thin films having different dimensions or thicknesses viewed in the direction of the aperture length, or by forming, between electrode fingers, recessed portions having different dimension or depth viewed in the direction of the aperture length.

Abstract: A reflective array compressor for a fast pattern recognition system. The system includes a combination of digital and analog processing circuitry which allows the system to achieve super computing processing speeds within an open personal computer architecture. The system receives a bit map which is representative of the unknown pattern, such as a picture of an unknown person. The bit map could have multiple people in it--no other system has "faces in the crowd" ability. The bit map associated with the unknown pattern is then pre-processed and compared against a plurality of known patterns in a database to determine how well the unknown pattern correlates with the known patterns. The reflective array compressor employs concave input and output transducers, and curved reflectors.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device includes a piezoelectric substrate, and comb-shaped electrodes each having a bus bar and a plurality of electrode fingers disposed on the piezoelectric substrate. At least one of the fingers and the bus bar are connected to each other via at least two different connecting portions at two different locations.

Abstract: The transducer according to the invention, driven in differential mode, consists of at least a first transducer (5) and a second transducer (6) which are connected in parallel so as to obtain the symmetry of the differential inputs, respectively forming a first and a second acoustic channel; the two transducers (5, 6) exhibiting a specified longitudinal offset with respect to one another. Applications: mobile radio filters.

Abstract: An ultrasonic switching device comprises a piezoelectric substrate, and an input- and an output interdigital transducers formed on an upper end surface of the piezoelectric substrate. The output interdigital transducer has a finger-overlap zone R.sub.i (i=1), or has N finger-overlap zones R.sub.i (i=1, 2, . . . , N) and N-1 finger-overlap zones Q.sub.i {i=1, 2, . . . , (N-1)} between two finger-overlap zones R.sub.i and R.sub.(i+1). Each finger-overlap zone R.sub.i comprises zones R.sub.ia, R.sub.ib and R.sub.im. The finger direction of the zones R.sub.ia and R.sub.ib runs parallel with that of the input interdigital transducer. The finger direction of the zone R.sub.im is slanting to that of the input interdigital transducer by an angle .alpha.. The finger direction of the finger-overlap zone Q.sub.i is slanting to that of the input interdigital transducer by an angle .+-..beta..

Abstract: A radio switching apparatus is provided which is actuated upon reception of a radio signal and which is capable zero or near-zero standby electric power consumption. The radio switching apparatus includes a receiving antenna; a surface-acoustic-wave device to which a signal received by the antenna is fed and which extracts a specific pattern contained in the signal; a storing circuit for storing output electric power of the surface-acoustic-wave device; and a switch circuit which is turned on when the output voltage of the storing circuit exceeds a set value.

Abstract: An identification and/or sensor system includes a sensor that queries an identification and/or sensor configuration which contains resonators. A receiver receives an answer signal from the identification and/or sensor configuration. The receiver includes a phase-locked loop for converting a resonator decay signal into a signal of constant frequency and constant envelope curve.

Abstract: An identification mark operating with acoustical surface waves includes at least one reflector having higher reflectivity than a reflectivity of other reflectors.

Abstract: An improved surface acoustic wave device that utilizes M electrodes per each N transduction length(s) of a transducer that produces a desired net internal distributed reflectivity in both magnitude and phase. Two of the transducers can be made placed on a single substrate and be unidirectional and caused to radiate towards each other to form a filter. A resonator, a delay line, or the like can also be formed.

Abstract: The distributed acoustic reflection transducer has a reflection function which includes at least one reversal of sign, that is to say it possesses at least one reflector and, in general, a combination of reflectors, the center of which is at a distance of k.lambda./2+.lambda./4 from the center of the other reflectors, .lambda. being the wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency of the transducer.The applications will be for the production of surface-wave filters in radio communication systems.

Abstract: An identification and/or sensor system includes an identification and/or sensor configuration having resonators for determining at least one parameter to be interrogated. The resonators have a quality being good enough to effect a storage of energy in the resonators. A transmitting and receiving apparatus transmits interrogation signals by radio to the identification and/or sensor configuration and receives and evaluates reply signals transmitted back from the identification and/or sensor configuration. The transmitting and receiving apparatus is a broadband device.

Abstract: A switching arrangement is provided for coupling a transmitting unit to a transmission line. According to the present invention, a transformer is provided, whose secondary winding is a portion of the transmission line and whose primary winding is connected with the transmitting unit and integrated into a parallel resonance circuit, whose resonant frequency is tuned, each time, to the carrier frequency of the transmitted signal. In addition, a tuning unit may be provided for the automatic tuning of the parallel resonance circuit.

Abstract: The invention concerns unidirectional ground-wave transducers using an alternating series of emitter cells (E) and reflector cells (R).The invention consists in using, in the emitter cells (E), fingers having a width of .lambda./3 spaced apart by a distance of 2 .lambda./3; and, in the reflector cells (R), fingers having a width of .lambda./4 spaced apart by a distance of .lambda./2.Using identical engraving precision, the invention makes it possible to increase by 50% the frequency at which the unidirectional transducer thus produced can be used.

Abstract: To obtain a surface acoustic wave device which can be produced with ease at a low cost and can be reduced in size without causing deterioration of characteristics, a surface acoustic wave device having input and output transducers arranged alternately on the surface of a substrate for propagating a surface acoustic wave includes metal patterns provided outside the transducers along the extension line of the propagation path of the surface acoustic wave and having at least one surface inclined at an angle .theta.(5.degree.<.theta.<85.degree. or -85.degree.<.theta.<-5.degree.) with respect to the propagation direction of the surface acoustic wave.

Abstract: A two track surface wave arrangement has improved selection property resulting from crosstalk signals of parasitic transmission paths within the arrangement being suppressed. What can be achieved with a displacement of the surface wave arrangement of one track relative to that of the other track by a dimension of nearly half a wavelength is that crosstalk signals mutually cancel on the basis of interference without affecting the useful signal.

Abstract: A surface-wave-type reflective delay line includes an input/output interdigital converter, and a plurality of surface wave reflectors. The surface wave reflectors are disposed at positions corresponding to an order of magnitude of half of a particular desired transit time of a surface wave between the input/output interdigital converter and an applicable surface wave reflector and back. At least some of the surface wave reflectors are each shifted by a mathematically random value out of the positions corresponding to half the particular desired transit time.

Abstract: In a surface acoustic wave transducer including a substrate made of a piezoelectric material, an input side IDT structure having positive and negative electrodes arranged in an interdigit manner and floating electrodes arranged between successive positive and negative electrodes, and an output side IDT structure having positive and negative electrodes arranged in an interdigit manner and floating electrodes arranged between successive positive and negative electrodes, the electrodes of the input and output side IDT structures are arranged such that a surface acoustic wave propagates in one direction, distances between corresponding tracks in the input and output side IDT structures are linearly changed and lengths of these tracks are changed in accordance with a predetermined window function.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave filter device includes a substrate which comprises quartz or the like piezoelectric having a small temperature coefficient and which is formed with unidirectional transducers of asymmetrical construction. A floating electrode is spaced from intermediate position between adjacent positive and negative electrodes which are arranged in interdigital manner, to effectively utilize a mechanical reflection caused by the floating electrode. In consideration of the sign and magnitude of the reflection factor of the floating electrodes, short-circuited electrodes only are used for the floating electrodes. The surface acoustic wave filter device has improved temperature characteristic, insertion loss characteristic and phase characteristic.

Abstract: In a transducer for surface waves, an alternating succession of transmitter cells and reflector cells is used. The transmitter cells transmit surface waves in phase opposition, leftwards and rightwards. The reflector cells have a reflection coefficient that is in phase opposition between the left-hand side and the right-hand side. The waves transmitted by the transmitter cells interfere with the waves reflected by the reflector cells, destructively in one direction and constructively in the other direction. This enables the making of transducers with spacings equal to .lambda./4 and .lambda./6 only.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device which is a surface acoustic wave resonator utilizing an SH-type surface wave, wherein a resin layer made of a resin material in the form of gel or having a Shore hardness of not more than 30 is formed so as to coat at least an interdigital transducer formed on the upper surface of a piezoelectric substrate.

Abstract: A sampling device operating as a buffer between a first data signal and a relatively slow processing device accepts the input signal and stores samples of it on a SAW traveling past an input electrode. A blocking potential is applied to a set of electrodes to store a set of charge packets with the SAW device. Packets are consecutively released at a slower rate accommodated to the needs of the next processing unit in line, to read out the sampled signal at a modified rate for intentional distortion of the input signal, for slowing the output stored signal rate, or for time reversal of the signal.

Abstract: An acoustic wave device employing surfaces skimming bulk waves comprises a piezo electric substrate having a flat surface which carries an input transducer and an output transducer for respectively lanuching and receiving acoustic waves into and from the bulk of the substrate. The substrate may be of quartz, lithium tantalate, or lithium niobate and has the flat surface orientated so that a surface skimming bulk wave is launched without generation of surface acoustic waves.