Abstract: Single and multiple ferrite crystal resonator, oscillator, and filter coupling structures are disclosed. In one embodiment, a single ferrite crystal resonator coupling structure is configured as a single pole YIG-tuned-oscillator (YTO) coupling structure. The YTO coupling structure includes a circuit substrate having an upper and a lower side. The circuit substrate includes an aperture extending through the circuit substrate between first and second openings on the upper and lower sides, respectively. The aperture is configured to permit rotation of a ferrite crystal disposable at least partially therein about a plurality of axes whereby a desirable axis of the ferrite crystal is alignable with a magnetic field within the aperture. At least one coupling line through which an electric current can be directed, which extends between a first end and a second end of the first opening of the aperture across at least a portion of the first opening of the aperture.

Abstract: A tunable resonator is provided. The resonator includes a housing having a cavity. A resonator body is disposed adjacent to a first surface within the cavity. A gap is formed between the resonator body and the first surface. The resonator is tuned by controlling the size of the gap.

Abstract: A magnetostatic wave filter that includes a ferromagnetic substance stacked on one side of a dielectric substrate, one side of which is grounded, and the filter includes an input section having an input transfer line and an input energy transformer for causing the energy transformation between an electromagnetic wave and a magnetostatic wave, and an output section having an output energy transformer for causing the energy transformation between the electromagnetic wave and the magnetostatic wave and an output transfer line. The width of exciting lines in the input energy transformer and the output energy transformer varies in a longitudinal direction, the filter includes a shield film formed of a grounded conductive film having holes through which a magnetic thin film can pass between the input section and said output section, to prevent coupling of an electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: Single and multiple ferrite crystal resonator, oscillator, and filter coupling structures are disclosed. In one embodiment, a single ferrite crystal resonator coupling structure is configured as a single pole YIG-tuned-oscillator (YTO) coupling structure. The YTO coupling structure includes a circuit substrate having an upper and a lower side. The circuit substrate includes an aperture extending through the circuit substrate between first and second openings on the upper and lower sides, respectively. The aperture is configured to permit rotation of a ferrite crystal disposable at least partially therein about a plurality of axes whereby a desirable axis of the ferrite crystal is alignable with a magnetic field within the aperture. At least one coupling line through which an electric current can be directed, which extends between a first end and a second end of the first opening of the aperture across at least a portion of the first opening of the aperture.

Abstract: A micro-resonator ferrite microstrip coupling filter that has reduced susceptibility to variations in the manufacturing process, as well as from changes due to mechanical or environmental stress, and allows for an assembly process that can be easily automated. The filter comprises bottom and top substrates with conductive ground planes on one side of the substrates and microstrip conductors on the other side of the substrates, with the conductors of both substrates being orthogonal to each other. A circuit block is disposed between the bottom and top substrates such that the circuit block contacts the sides of the substrates containing microstrip conductors. Multiple YIG spheres are inserted into round orifices on the circuit block and positioned between the bottom and top substrates. A magnetic field is applied orthogonally to the conductors.

Abstract: A resonator including a lower substrate having a groove, a dielectric filling the groove, a material film formed on the inner wall of the groove, the material film for preventing the permittivity from suddenly changing between the lower substrate and the dielectric, an upper substrate that is combined with the lower substrate to form a cavity, a conductive thin film formed on the lower surface of the upper substrate to face the dielectric and having a slot in contact with the material film and exposing the dielectric, and a strip line for a wave-guide that is formed on the upper part of the upper substrate and is connected to the conductive thin film. According to the resonator, the size of a cavity corresponding to a given resonance frequency can be reduced by filling a cavity with a dielectric (or magnetic material).

Abstract: A spherical resonator device includes a resonant sphere around which transducers for electrical coupling are metallized layers on a flat surface shaped to provide exposure of a sphere to a quasi constant field. In particular, the pattern comprises a transmission line of non-constant width in the region proximate to the sphere where a taper is provided which increases in width with distance from the sphere.

Abstract: A magnetic ferrite microwave resonator frequency tunable filter and method for tuning a filter having both a resonator portion and a tuning portion. The resonator portion has an input for receiving an electromagnetic signal and an output for emitting an electromagnetic signal. A tuning portion includes a magnetic ferrite element disposed in first and second magnetic fields generated by a fixed magnet and an electromagnet. The magnetic ferrite element has a magnetic permeability determined by the first and second magnetic fields. The first magnetic field places a ferromagnetic resonance frequency of the ferrite element near a frequency of the electromagnetic signal transmitted by the resonator portion. The second magnetic field is variable in response to a varying current supplied to the electromagnet to change the permeability of the ferrite element, to thereby alter the center frequency of the resonator, thereby facilitating tuning of the electromagnetic signal.

Abstract: A spherical resonator device includes a resonant sphere around which transducers for electrical coupling are metallized layers on a flat surface shaped to provide exposure of a sphere to a quasi constant field. In particular, the pattern comprises a transmission line of non-constant width in the region proximate to the sphere where a taper is provided which increases in width with distance from the sphere.

Abstract: A micro-resonator ferrite microstrip coupling filter that has reduced susceptibility to variations in the manufacturing process, as well as from changes due to mechanical or environmental stress, and allows for an assembly process that can be easily automated. The filter comprises bottom and top substrates with conductive ground planes on one side of the substrates and microstrip conductors on the other side of the substrates, with the conductors of both substrates being orthogonal to each other. A circuit block is disposed between the bottom and top substrates such that the circuit block contacts the sides of the substrates containing microstrip conductors. Multiple YIG spheres are inserted into round orifices on the circuit block and positioned between the bottom and top substrates. A magnetic field is applied orthogonally to the conductors.

Abstract: Ceramic cavities 1a and 1b have upper and lower open faces and contain dielectric cores 2a and 2b formed integrally therein. The ceramic cavities 1a and 1b are sandwiched between upper and lower panels 3 and 4 at the upper and lower open faces, respectively, of the ceramic cavities 1a and 1b via grounding plates 5a and 5b and grounding plates 6a and 6b, respectively, and the upper and lower panels 3 and 4 are fixed by screws. Based on this structure, a problem of an unreliable joint part between an open face of a ceramic cavity and a metal panel connected directly to each other by soldering and the problem of increase of the number of components of a structure in which a printed circuit board is mounted to the open face of the ceramic cavity by using grounding plates can be overcome, even when the ceramic cavity has an open face formed in a complex shape.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and two devices for obtaining phase shifts by using a non-reciprocal resonator supporting single-mode operation. As such, wave propagation in the resonator is unambiguous in phase, allowing the phase to be coupled in or out at different positions. This results in novel phase shifter devices of two kinds: One kind of the devices suggests to change the coupling positions by using switches, and the other kind suggests to use a movable port to be driven by a step motor, for example. In this invention the phase-shift function performed by a non-reciprocal resonator invokes no use of a transmission line, none for the adjustment in its electronic properties, including permittivity and permeability. The operation of the disclosed phase shifter devices is uniform, being independent of the phase-shift angles, exhibiting low insertion loss and low return loss.

Abstract: A resonating apparatus includes a dielectric resonator on a dielectric supporting substrate, a fluid dielectric membrane which overspreads the dielectric resonator, and a microstrip line which is arranged in the fluid substrate membrane so that it is coupled with the dielectric resonator. The resonating apparatus reduces the conductivity loss by lengthening the distance between the dielectric supporting substrate in the higher layer and the microstrip line in the lower layer when it is used in a multi-layer circuit such as an MMIC. Further, the resonating apparatus increases the dielectric permittivity by using the dielectric resonator which has high dielectric permittivity as well as the fluid dielectric membrane. In this way, the resonating apparatus obtains high Q.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a magnetic thin-film device whose operating frequency band ranges from several millihertz (MHz) to several gigahertz (GHz) and which is used as an inductor for a switching power supply, a noise filter, a reception circuit for receiving a quasi-microwave and a magnetic sensor. In this device, uniaxial magnetic anisotropy is guided to a magnetic layer, and the magnetic layer is sandwiched between dielectric layers to form a propagation path of electromagnetic wave. A microstrip line is provided on the top surface of the propagation path, while an insulative underlying substrate is formed on the bottom surface thereof with a lower grounded conductor interposed therebetween. Thus, the wavelength of the propagation path can be shortened to miniaturize the device. The device is rapidly improved in characteristics and miniaturized further, resulting in reduction in manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A magnetostatic wave filter having input and output electrodes that consist of a transformer functioning an interaction between a magnetostatic wave and an electromagnetic wave and a transfer line of an electromagnetic wave. The electrodes are formed on a substrate or a thin film. A high frequency signal is applied to a transfer line of an input electrode and is then transformed into a magnetostatic wave in the input transformer line and the thin film. Then, the transformed magnetostatic wave is propagated via the thin film and is then reverse-transformed into the high frequency signal in the transformer line of the output electrode, so that it is outputted to the transfer line of the output electrode. In the filter, the pattern shape of the transformer is adjusted in the input and output section to adjust the property of flatness and the width of band that are characteristics within the transfer band of the filter.

Abstract: A magnetostatic wave device including a ferrimagnetic film for exciting and propagating magnetostatic waves and a magnetic field generator for applying a magnetic field to the ferrimagnetic film. The magnetic field generator includes a permanent magnet and one pair of yokes that are magnetically connected to the permanent magnet and are opposite to each other with an air gap located between them. The air gap has the ferrimagnetic film received therein.

Abstract: A variable-tuned type YIG oscillator accompanied with substantially no mechanical variations in the resonance circuit and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. An amplifier element, electrode, circuit pattern and others of the oscillator circuit portion of a YIG oscillator are integrated on the front face of a semiconductor substrate by the monolithic microwave integrated circuit manufacturing technique. A coupling loop is formed as a thick film conductor shaped so as to surround at least a portion of the outer periphery of a YIG crystal ball on the semiconductor substrate having the amplifier element, electrode, circuit pattern and others formed thereon. A hole for positioning a YIG crystal ball at a predetermined position inside of the coupling loop is formed in the semiconductor substrate from the front surface of the substrate, and the YIG crystal ball is fitted and fixed in the hole.

Abstract: A structure (and method) for tuning a resonant structure, includes a resonant structure including either a predetermined material coating provided on either a bar or a cantilever, or a lightly doped single crystal semiconductor material, and a circuit for providing a variable field adjacent the resonant structure, with the length or at least one of the elastic constants of the resonant structure changing with the application of the variable magnetic or electric field, respectively, thereby to selectively tune the resonant structure.

Abstract: A variable-tuned type YIG oscillator accompanied with substantially no mechanical variations in the resonance circuit and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. An amplifier element, electrode, circuit pattern and others of the oscillator circuit portion of a YIG oscillator are integrated on the front face of a semiconductor substrate by the monolithic microwave integrated circuit manufacturing technique. A coupling loop is formed as a thick film conductor shaped so as to surround at least a portion of the outer periphery of a YIG crystal ball on the semiconductor substrate having the amplifier element, electrode, circuit pattern and others formed thereon. A hole for positioning a YIG crystal ball at a predetermined position inside of the coupling loop is formed in the semiconductor substrate from the front surface of the substrate, and the YIG crystal ball is fitted and fixed in the hole.

Abstract: A coupling structure for a ferrite-based resonator comprises a short, stiff mounting rod and ferrite sphere are mechanically coupled to a substrate that provides support for a stiff coupling loop. The structure reduces differential movement between the sphere and the coupling loop, thereby reducing vibration-induced degradation of resonator performance. This resonator structure may be used in tunable, wideband oscillator, filter, or amplifier circuits, for example. In one embodiment, the mounting rod is a poor thermal conductor, thereby thermally isolating the sphere, which becomes nearly isothermal.