Abstract: A radar chip including a waveguide coupling configured to couple a radar signal of the radar chip into and out of an antenna or a waveguide of a radar gauge is provided, the waveguide coupling including: a radio frequency substrate including a line, a radiating element, and a substrate-integrated waveguide disposed therebetween and connected thereto, configured to transmit the radar signal between the radar chip and the antenna or waveguide of the radar gauge and to couple the radar signal into and out of the antenna or waveguide of the radar gauge. A method of fabricating a radar chip having a waveguide coupling is also provided.

Abstract: An illustrative example electronic device includes a signal generator having at least one conductive output member. A substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) includes a substrate and a plurality of conductive members in the substrate. The substrate includes a slot in one exterior surface of the substrate. The slot is situated adjacent the at least one conductive output member of the signal generator such that a signal of the signal generator is coupled into the SIW through the slot.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure involve a system and method for generating noise waves at millimeter wave frequencies. A noise source generator is designed to be connected to a crystalline structure for efficient heat transfer and compatibility with millimeter wave receivers. The use of crystalline structure coupled to the noise source generator allows heat from a biasing device, such as a diode, to be carried away such that the diode is able to generate noise waves while being reversed biased without compromising the device. In another embodiment, the noise source generator includes the use of a backshort transmission line with vias that is connected to the biasing device for heat transfer from the biasing device to the backshort.

Abstract: A stacked diode limiter, which can suppress and eliminate a malicious high-power electromagnetic pulse signal and an Intentional Electromagnetic Interference (IEMI) signal that are input to the antenna line of a wireless system and that include a communication service frequency component having a power of several kW or more, includes a stacked diode unit including one or more diode stack parts formed on a center electrode of a coaxial line formed between an input connector and an output connector, each diode stack part being configured such that a plurality of diodes are arranged in series and stacked on top of one another, and an impedance matching unit for configuring dielectrics between the connectors and the coaxial line as heterogeneous dielectrics and matching impedances between the connectors and the coaxial line.

Abstract: A radio frequency mixer circuit comprises a first terminal, a local oscillator terminal and a second terminal, a wave propagation medium having a first and second end, a circulator coupling together the first terminal, the first end of the wave propagation medium and the second terminal, a switching means operable according to a signal coupled to the LO terminal, the switching means being coupled to the second end of the wave propagation medium for causing a reflection with unchanged voltage wave polarity when the switching means is in an open state, or a reflection with inverted voltage wave polarity when the switching means is in a closed state, at the second end of the wave propagation medium when a wave is travelling therein.

Abstract: An electronic system. The electronic system includes a waveguide structure having a first waveguide-coupling point and a second waveguide-coupling point and an active electronic circuit having a first circuit-coupling point and a second circuit-coupling point. The second waveguide-coupling point is coupled to the first circuit-coupling point; the system is capable of receiving an input signal at the first waveguide-coupling point and transmitting an output signal at the second circuit-coupling point and/or receiving the input signal at the second circuit-coupling point and transmitting the output signal at the first waveguide-coupling point; the input signal and the output signal have frequencies in a terahertz frequency range; and the system is fabricated as a monolithic integrated structure having the waveguide structure fabricated by micromachining and the circuit fabricated monolithically.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for providing a tunable substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) for which a parameter of at least some element or portion thereof may be altered or varied to alter the propagation of a signal propagating through the SIW thereby achieving a tunable SIW. In some embodiments a plurality of capacitively variably loaded transverse slots achieve the tunability for the SIW.

Abstract: A RF pick-up probe, RF choke, and DC output line that simultaneously receives RF radiation from a waveguide and provides a detected DC voltage provided by a diode RF detector disposed in said waveguide to one or more output video lines. The RF pick-up probe, RF choke, and DC output line are preferably disposed with an antenna transition element for coupling a horn antenna to a matched diode detector which provides the aforementioned DC voltage. The transition preferably includes a ridged waveguide operatively coupled to the horn antenna; a substrate for supporting a diode chip, carrying said matched diode detector, adjacent the waveguide, the substrate also supporting a pair of RF pick-up probes, each RF probe having a portion which is coupled with the diode chip, the substrate also supporting conductors coupled to the diode chip and to the pair of RF pick-up probes; and a waveguide short circuit at least partially enclosing the diode chip and disposed adjacent the substrate.

Abstract: A monolithic microwave integrated circuit structure having a semiconductor substrate structure with a plurality of active devices and a microwave transmission line having an input section, an output section and a interconnecting section electrically interconnecting the active devices on one surface and a metal layer on an opposite surface overlaying the interconnection section and absent from overlaying at least one of the input section and the output section.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a high-frequency conversion circuit includes a conductor posts, a transmission path, and a path cutoff unit. The conductor posts form a waveguide that guides the high-frequency signal. The transmission path mode-converts the high-frequency signal output from a semiconductor circuit chip and guides the same to the waveguide. The path cutoff unit cuts off the path of a high-frequency current generated when the high-frequency signal output from the semiconductor circuit chip is transmitted to the waveguide via the transmission path.

Abstract: A radio frequency circuit structure for transmitting radio signals includes a lower guide portion having a plurality of photocurable layers deposited on a substrate and an upper guide portion interfacing with the lower guide portion to define a guiding geometry. The upper guide portion may also include a plurality of photocurable layers deposited on a second substrate. A method for fabricating the radio frequency circuit structure includes depositing the plurality of photocurable layers on the substrate. A portion of each photocurable layer of the plurality of photocurable layers is exposed to ultraviolet light to form a latent image. The plurality of photocurable layers is developed to remove the portions not exposed to ultraviolet light to form a guide portion. The guide portion may be metalized and closed to form a guiding geometry. A lower guide portion may be closed by an upper guide portion formed in substantially the same manner as the lower guide portion.

Abstract: In order to provide a high-frequency limiter capable of absorbing variation in characteristic parameters of a PIN diode to acquire a desired limiting characteristic, an external re-entrant coaxial cavity is constituted by an external pedestal 15 and a cavity 34 inside a lower conductor part 13 and an upper conductor part 14, and an internal re-entrant coaxial cavity is constituted by an inner wall of the external pedestal 15 and by an internal pedestal 16 and a post 17. A PIN diode 18 is joined between the post 17 and the internal pedestal 16. Resonance windows 11 and 12 are provided between the resonator part and a waveguide connected thereto. A projected amount x of the external pedestal 15 with respect to the cavity 34 and an insertion amount y of the post 17 into the external pedestal 15 are adjustable independently.

Abstract: A phased-array antenna system and other types of radio frequency (RF) devices and systems using microelectromechanical switches (“MEMS”) and low-temperature co-fired ceramic (“LTCC”) technology and a method of fabricating such phased-array antenna system and other types of radio frequency (RF) devices are disclosed. Each antenna or other type of device includes at least two multilayer ceramic modules and a MEMS device fabricated on one of the modules. Once fabrication of the MEMS device is completed, the two ceramic modules are bonded together, hermetically sealing the MEMS device, as well as allowing electrical connections between all device layers. The bottom ceramic module has also cavities at the backside for mounting integrated circuits. The internal layers are formed using conducting, resistive and high-k dielectric pastes available in standard LTCC fabrication and low-loss dielectric LTCC tape materials.

Abstract: The invention can be used for telecommunications, measuring and other devices in order to produce stable superhigh frequency signals. An IMPATT diode (4) operating in the cascade break-down mode and having a sharp nonlinearity transforms an input signal in such a way that ultraharmonics which multiple in respect to the frequency of an input signal ?0 occur in a frequency spectrum. An output stage of a multiplier is used in order to separate an output n?0 frequency and to suppress adjacent frequencies. In order to tune the output stage to the n?0 frequency, a tuning plug (8) and short-circuiting pistons (13) are used. The tuning plug (8) is arranged above an upper electrod of the IMPATT diode (4) (inside the axis of the diode). The tuning plugs (13) make it possible to tune resonance capacitance to the n?0 frequency and remove energy towards the output part of a T-bend in which a wave guide pass-band filter (15) is disposed.

Abstract: A planar metal antenna mounted on a semiconductor body and incorporating an active circuit element, for example a diode, integrated in the path of the antenna. Connection between the antenna metal and a peripheral contact is provided by a connecting link of resistive sheet material sub-divided, by voids or by inclusions of high resistive material, into a number of conductive tracks each of width and spacing of dimension small compared with the width of the antenna. The link thus exhibits an effectively high sheet resistivity at high frequency—i.e. at a frequency at or near to the frequency of antenna resonance and thus affords effective hf isolation between the antenna and the contact. At the same time, at dc and at intermediate frequency, a relatively low resistance path is afforded for bias and for extraction of IF signal. The number, width and spacing of the tracks may be varied with distance from the antenna metal to minimize the dc resistivity.

Abstract: A non-radiative dielectric (NRD) waveguide modulator is provided having a waveguide type hybrid coupler, in which by forming a waveguide type 180° hybrid coupler and waveguide as a single body, the structure is simplified and manufacturing processes are reduced. The NRD waveguide modulator includes a conducting housing having a lower conducting plate and an upper conducting plate; a hybrid coupler which is processed in the form of conduit lines inside the conducting housing and includes a ring portion and a plurality of waveguides extended from the ring portion in the radial direction, in modulator, and a termination which is connected to an isolation port that is an end of any one waveguide of the hybrid coupler and terminates a signal reflected by the modulator by consuming the signal internally.

Abstract: A line coupling structure for coupling a dielectric waveguide to a suspended line has the dielectric waveguide including dielectric strips and two conductor plates that are approximately parallel to each other, the dielectric strips and a circuit board being sandwiched between the conductor plates. The line coupling structure also has the suspended line including the conductor plates and a conductor pattern on the circuit board. The conductor pattern is arranged in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the dielectric strips. A protruding conductor pattern that extends in the extending direction of the dielectric strips is provided at a crossing position of the conductor pattern and the dielectric strips.

Abstract: A projecting part is formed on the bottom surface of a dielectric substrate and a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer are respectively formed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate. A plurality of through holes are formed along the left and the right of the projecting part. A coplanar line including a center electrode sandwiched between two grooves is provided on the top surface. Two slots connected to the top end of the coplanar line are formed at a position corresponding to the position of the projecting part, whereby a waveguide formed by the projecting part and the coplanar line are interconnected via the slots.

Abstract: A transmission line includes a dielectric substrate having first and second principal surfaces. A first conductive layer is provided on the first principal surface. A protrusion is provided on the second principal surface and a second conductive layer is formed so as to cover the outer surface of the protrusion. A slot is formed in the first principal surface such that the slot extends through the first conductive layer and faces the protrusion. Accordingly, a high-frequency signal does not radiate from the second principal surface and locally transmits with low loss between the bottom surface of the protrusion and the slot.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system for integrating a quasi-optical reflection-mode array into a wave-guiding enclosure. The system includes a quasi-optical reflection mode array and a waveguide assembly that encloses and mounts therein the array. In one preferred embodiment, the waveguide assembly includes an array mounting section into which the array is mounted, a first energy coupling section, a second energy coupling section and a three-port waveguide section. The wave-guiding section has a first port connected to the first energy coupling section, a second port connected to the second energy coupling section, and a third port connected to the array mounting section.

Abstract: A rectangular penetration hole is formed opening in the opposite two main surfaces of a first dielectric substrate. Conductors for grounding are respectively formed on the main surfaces, to cover the openings of the penetration hole. A conductor layer is formed on opposite inner walls in the penetration hole of the dielectric substrate. A waveguide is structured by a space surrounded by the conductors and the conductor layers. The waveguide is magnetically coupled with an input/output line on a second dielectric substrate through a coupling slot. Because a waveguide has walls made continuous in the dielectric substrate, a low-loss waveguide can be realized. Hence, a high-performance radio frequency module can be realized.

Abstract: In a transmission line assembly, a dielectric plate has a continuous protruding portion on at least one of the surfaces thereof so as to form a convex section, electrodes are formed on both of the surfaces of the dielectric plate including the outer surface of the protruding portion, and a plurality of through holes, each electrically interconnecting the electrodes formed on both of the surfaces of the dielectric plate, is arrayed on each side along the protruding portion. Accordingly, the space surrounded by the electrodes and the arrayed through holes operates as a transmission line in a mode equivalent to TE10 mode.

Abstract: A planar dielectric integrated circuit is provided such that energy conversion loss between a planar dielectric line and electronic components is small and that impedance matching between them can be easily obtained. A planar dielectric line is provided by causing two slots to oppose each other with a dielectric plate interposed in between, a slot line and line-conversion conductor patterns are provided in the end portions of the planar dielectric line, and an FET is disposed in such a manner as to be extended over the slot line.

Abstract: The invention is a mounting structure of a high-frequency wiring board in which when a pitch between a conductive connecting member connected to a high-frequency signal electrode pad of a high-frequency wiring board and a conductive connecting member connected to a ground electrode pad adjacent thereto is denoted by A and a maximum diameter of these conductive connecting members in sections parallel to the lower face of the high-frequency wiring board is denoted by B, A/B≧2 is satisfied, and a space L1 between the lower face of the high-frequency wiring board and the upper face of the external electric circuit board is one sixteenth or less of a wavelength of high-frequency signals processed by a high-frequency semiconductor element.

Abstract: A remote loop-back device with elements outside a waveguide such that the elements do not interfere with propagation of waves traveling in the waveguide. The remote-loop-back device also uses lossless lines of defined length for transporting the microwave signals outside the waveguides.

Abstract: A microwave microstrip/waveguide transition structure includes a substrate, an elongated microstrip layer residing on a surface of the substrate, and an elongated integral hollow waveguide on the surface of the substrate. The microstrip layer and a side of the hollow waveguide constitute a single continuous piece of metal. The transition structure is fabricated by providing a substrate, depositing a metallic layer on the substrate, and depositing a metallic hollow housing continuous with a portion of a length of the metallic layer. The metallic hollow waveguide bounded by the metallic layer and the metallic hollow housing and having a contained volume therewithin is thereby defined.

Abstract: A planar dielectric integrated circuit is provided such that energy conversion loss between a planar dielectric line and electronic components is small and that impedance matching between them can be easily obtained. A planar dielectric line is provided by causing two slots to oppose each other with a dielectric plate interposed in between, a slot line and line-conversion conductor patterns are provided in the end portions of the planar dielectric line, and an FET is disposed in such a manner as to be extended over the slot line.

Abstract: In a transmission line assembly, a dielectric plate has a continuous protruding portion on at least one of the surfaces thereof so as to form a convex section, electrodes are formed on both of the surfaces of the dielectric plate including the outer surface of the protruding portion, and a plurality of through holes, each electrically interconnecting the electrodes formed on both of the surfaces of the dielectric plate, is arrayed on each side along the protruding portion. Accordingly, the space surrounded by the electrodes and the arrayed through holes operates as a transmission line in a mode equivalent to TE10 mode.

Abstract: A planar dielectric integrated circuit is provided such that energy conversion loss between a planar dielectric line and electronic components is small and that impedance matching between them can be easily obtained. A planar dielectric line is provided by causing two slots to oppose each other with a dielectric plate interposed in between, a slot line and line-conversion conductor patterns are provided in the end portions of the planar dielectric line, and an FET is disposed in such a manner as to be extended over the slot line.

Abstract: Waveguides and backplanes systems are disclosed. A waveguide according to the present invention includes a first conductive channel, and a second conductive channel disposed generally parallel to the first channel. A gap is defined between the first and second channels that allows propagation along a waveguide axis of electromagnetic waves in a TE n,0 mode, wherein n is an odd number, but suppresses electromagnetic waves in a TE m,0 mode, wherein m is an even number. An NRD waveguide is disclosed that includes an upper conductive plate and a lower conductive plate, with a dielectric channel disposed between the conductive plates. A second channel is disposed adjacent to the dielectric channel between the conductive plates. The upper conductive plate has a gap above the dielectric channel that allows propagation along a waveguide axis of electromagnetic waves in an odd longitudinal magnetic mode, but suppresses electromagnetic waves in an even longitudinal magnetic mode.

Abstract: A waveguide structure is fabricated by patterning active elements on a semiconductor wafer (21). The upper surface of the wafer (21) and the active elements are then coated by a dissolvable positive resist polymer. The polymer is etched using conventional techniques to produce a former for the structure of die waveguide channel and subsequently the polymer former is coated (26) and electroformed (27) using a suitable metallic material. Finally, the polymer former is dissolved leaving an open channel (25) the boundaries of which are defined by the electroformed stucture. The waveguide structure has the advantage that die active elements are integral with the waveguide structure and lie in a common fabrication plane which means that if the depth of the waveguide varies the active elements remain in the same plane. The waveguide structure is particularly suited for use at terahertz frequencies.

Abstract: The following description regards a frequency converter (1) for applications on millimetric radio waves. The circuit structure comprises a diplexer filter realized in thin film on an alumina layer connected to a balun set up by a quartz plate on which two mixing diodes in GaAs have been mounted, placed in the center of a rectangular cavity (2) closed on one side by a short circuit plate and on the opposite side communicating with a rectangular waveguide (4) transporting a radio frequency signal (RF). On the upper side of the plate three parallel metallic bands have been put in the sense of the width of the cavity, between the bands the diodes are connected in series. The most external bands are welded to the walls of the cavity (2), the central one on the other hand is connected to the point common to both sections of the diplexing filter by means of a metallic strap in the air welded to a microstrip.

Abstract: An amplifying circuit is formed by a combination of a dielectric line waveguide and a semiconductor device. Two electrically conductive plates are provided substantially parallel to each other. Two dielectric strips are disposed between the two conductive plates, and a dielectric plate is further inserted between the dielectric strips. Ground conductors are formed on the dielectric plate. The ground conductors have an area which equals an amount required for blocking a RF signal propagating in the dielectric line waveguide. A slot line is formed between the ground conductors in a position intermediate opposed sides of the dielectric strips. Line-switching conductor patterns are provided at both sides of the ends of the slot line. A field-effect transistor is mounted on the slot line such that it bridges over the slot line. Accordingly, losses and distortion of an RF signal, which would occur in an input/output circuit, are suppressed, and the generation of parasitic coupling is eliminated.

Abstract: A fin-line antenna 51 comprises fins 51a and 51b and a fin-line antenna 52 comprises fins 52a and 52b. The fins 51b and 52b are integrated into one body and connected to a ground layer of a strip line 31. The length of each antenna 51 or 52 is one wavelength. A millimetric wave of waveguide mode which is received by one of the antennas 51 and 52 is split into four paths and each split wave is injected into each of four divided portions of a signal line of the strip line 31 comprising series connections of many Josephson junctions. One end of each divided portion is grounded via a termination resistor 38 and a capacitor 39. A summed output of the generated voltage of each Josephson junction is obtained between both ends 42 and 43 of the strip line 31.

Abstract: The invention concerns a millimeter wave mixer realized by windowing, and includes a coplanar conductive line (320) that is produced in plating (212) on a substrate (211) disposed in a rectangular waveguide. The coplanar line (320) divides the plating (212) into two parts. The coplanar line (320) is guided out along the narrow sides of the waveguide and is connected to each of the two parts of the plating (212) via first and second diodes (41, 42). At least two slot lines (51-54) are produced parallel to the broad sides of the waveguides in the plating (212).

Abstract: A non-radiative dielectric waveguide mixer includes at least one conductive plate, a dielectric waveguide held on said conductive plate and a solid-state device disposed across said dielectric waveguide for mixing at least two high-frequency signals which are propagated in opposite directions along said dielectric waveguide. The non-radiative dielectric waveguide mixer may be combined with a high-frequency signal generator and an antenna mechanism to provide a non-radiative dielectric waveguide radar module.

Abstract: Preferred embodiments include a microstrip patch antenna (38) which also acts as the resonator for an oscillator powered by IMPATT diodes (34, 36); this forms a monolithic transmitter (30) for microwave and millimeter wave frequencies.

Abstract: A microwave mixer is formed of three orthogonally oriented waveguides, each having a rectangular cross-section defined by a pair of opposed broad walls and a pair of opposed sidewalls wherein the ratio of cross-sectional dimensions typically is 2 :1. The mixer includes an input coupling probe, a mixing region, and an output filter disposed serially along a first of the waveguides. A second of the waveguides applies a reference LO signal via the probe to the mixing region, the mixing region including at least one diode with two diodes being employed in the preferred embodiment of the invention. A section of dielectric board serves to support the diodes of the mixing region, components of the filter, and the probe in the first waveguide.

Abstract: A microwave power sensor is disclosed which is capable of using diodes above their resonant frequency to sense the power of input microwaves. The power sensor includes a sensing diode, a conditioning means, and a tapered waveguide. For input waves having frequencies near and above the resonant frequency of the sensing diode, the output of the diode begins to be frequency dependent. That is, the diode outputs different DC signals for waves having different frequencies even though the power of the waves is the same. The conditioning apparatus is adapted to offset the frequency dependence of the diode by varying the fraction of the input wave that is transmitted to the diode so as to cause the output of the diode to be relatively constant for waves having equal power but different frequencies. The conditioning apparatus also provides a load impedance which matches the characteristic impedance of the input wave to minimize the reflection of the input wave.

Abstract: A broadband, varactor-tuned shorted coax resonator is provided with a single point coupling port that facilitates coupling of discrete circuitry to the distributed resonator to form an oscillator. The coupling port is defined by adding a second shorted coax line across the end of the first. The outer conductors of the two lines are interconnected. The inner conductors of the two lines are serially coupled and define a coupling gap, either along their length or at their ends, across which discrete circuitry can be connected. In a preferred form of the invention, the discrete circuitry is positioned in a region within the periphery of one of the inner conductors in order to provide an electromagnetic shield for the circuitry.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed comprising a polarization mode selection switch for preselected wavelengths using a waveguide having a first array of PIN type diodes mounted in a plane extending substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal waveguide axis. The diodes are disposed at one-quarter wavelength intervals along a first series of parallel lines which are separated at about one-half wavelength intervals. A second PIN diode array is also mounted within the waveguide in a second plane extending substantially perpendicular to the waveguide axis with diodes disposed at one-quarter wavelength intervals along a second series of parallel lines that are also spaced about one-half wavelength apart. The second plane is substantially parallel and adjacent to the first plane with the second lines being oriented substantially perpendicular to the first lines.

Abstract: A transmission line comprising a multi-layer dielectric slab structure including: a dielectric substrate layer (30) having a thickness d.sub.s and permittivity .epsilon..sub.s ; a conductive ground plane (31) on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate layer (30); a dielectric guiding layer (32) having a thickness h and permittivity .epsilon..sub.g, where .epsilon..sub.g >.epsilon..sub.s, attached to the top surface of dielectric substrate layer (30); at least one elongated and relatively narrow dielectric loading strip layer (33) having a width W, thickness d.sub.1, and permittivity .epsilon..sub.1, where .epsilon..sub.g >.epsilon..sub.1, attached to the top surface of the dielectric guiding layer (32); and a conductive coating (34) on the top surface of the dielectric loading strip layer (32). Such a structure permits single mode propagation over a relatively wide frequency band.

Abstract: A finline structure comprises a dielectric substrate-mounted circuit disposed within a waveguide having on the substrate integrated distributed capacitance elements at least partially formed by laterally separated metallization layers. Thin-film construction techniques may be employed in construction. In general, the distributed capacitance elements permit the biasing of a plurality of circuit elements in a finline transmission medium. In selected structures, r.f. continuity is effected between traces and metallization layers while maintaining d.c. isolation. Examples are described of circuits which can incorporate an integrated capacitor, including but not limited to detectors, r.f. modulators, r.f. attenuators, amplifiers, and multipliers. According to the invention, a plurality of elements, as well as multiple port elements, may be selectively biased while retaining d.c. isolation and r.f. continuity.

Abstract: Circuit device including: a waveguide for transmitting electromagnetic waves with an electric field extending in a selected direction; a diode mounted in the waveguide; a coaxial line connected for supplying a DC voltage to the diode; and a planar line for supplying at least one high frequency signal, the planar line extending perpendicular to the direction of the electric field and projecting into the waveguide, and the line being disposed at a distance from the diode for establishing a capacitive coupling with the diode.

Abstract: A method of making a microwave semiconductor component and concurrently forming therewith a mounting membrane adapted for positioning the semiconductor component in an RF transmission medium such as a waveguide. Substantially concurrently with the deposition of a metallic film in connection with forming a semiconductor elements, there is deposited a metallic membrane on the base silicon substrate and outside of the circuit element. The outer periphery of the base substrate is removed to expose the membrane. The metallic membrane is preferably of gold.

Abstract: An arrangement for coupling waveguide modes between two waveguides via a semiconductor element. The two waveguides each have a short-circuiting end wall and a common side wall constituting a common partition wall between the waveguides so that the two waveguides extend parallel to, and overlap one another at least over a partial length where they are separated from one another by the common side wall. The common partition wall is provided with a coupling aperture and the semiconductor element is inserted into the coupling aperture between the two waveguides and is in ground contact with the common partition wall. The semiconductor element has two connectng arms, one connecting arm extending as a coupling probe into one of the waveguides and the other connecting arm extending as a coupling probe into the other waveguide.

Abstract: A composite diode module is provided having an impedance matching member integrally formed within the module. The module includes a base member, a heat sink holder member having an aperture, a gold plated diamond heat sink which is disposed in the aforementioned aperture, and an encapsulant holder member having a second aperture. IMPATT diodes are disposed in dielectric spacers bonded to one end of the heat sink in alignment with the second aperture. A bias pin member is then bonded on the second end of the IMPATT and an encapsulant having selected electrical properties is provided in the second pair of apertures to secure the diode and to provide the diode module with a predetermined impedance characteristic. In a preferred embodiment, the module includes a pair of IMPATT diodes. With this arrangement, the module may be used in power combiners.

Abstract: A compact police radar warning receiver is provided having an antenna in which some of the mixer and oscillator components are secured to the antenna by a cantilever structure formed integral the circuit board overlying a portion of the antenna and to which the components are electrically and mechanically coupled.

Abstract: A passive millimeter wave image guide power limiter comprising a length of ielectric transmission line or waveguide for millimeter wave frequencies located on a relatively thin conductive ground plane forming thereby an image guide and including a planar doped barrier diode structure formed in the dielectric transmission line with the planar doped barrier structure being integrally grown in a slot milled in the constituent material, i.e. gallium arsenide, of the waveguide transversely across the width dimension thereof so as to be oriented perpendicular to the flow of RF power being propagated along its length dimension. The planar doped barrier structure becomes conductive at a predetermined power level to reflect any further incident RF power back toward the power source.

Abstract: A frequency multiplier according to the invention comprises a coaxial input, an elastic device constituted by two parts sliding within one another, the outer part having a flexible metal bellows and which is extended by a spring, an impedance matching low pass filter requiring no setting, an IMPATT VARISELF diode, a coaxial line, a waveguide transition regulating plunger, a waveguide, a diode holder whose position is regulatable in translation by a button, a cavity tuned to a harmonic frequency, a mobile short-circuit closing the cavity and which is regulatable in translation by means of a knurled wheel in order to adjust the resonant frequency of the cavity to a harmonic frequency and a pin screw immobilizing in rotation the diode holder and the mobile short-circuit.