Abstract: The reed relay comprises a pair of fixed contact supports arranged at a regular spacing therebetween. A reed strip has a movable contact at a free end thereof and arranged so that the movable contact is positioned between the two fixed contact supports. A coil is wound around the reed strip, and a permanent magnet is disposed on one side of the movable contact. Since the permanent magnet is not positioned on the extension line of the reed strip, it is possible to readily inspect the contact conditions and the contact pressure without interruption due to the presence of the permanent magnet.

Abstract: A reed switch includes a housing in which extends a stepped bore for slidably receiving a magnet carrying sleeve. The sleeve includes a longitudinal bore which receives a glass tube. The sleeve is slidable with respect to the glass tube. The glass tube encloses a switch element. The longitudinal bore is connected to the environment via pressure-equalizing bores in order to avoid the build-up of a high pressure or a vacuum inside the read switch. Collecting pockets for dirt particles are provided between the sleeve and the housing. The stepped bore opens at one end of the housing. The open end of the housing has an inner chamfer which forms an edge from which fluid easily falls away.

Abstract: Dual focus ultrasonic transducers are provided for a diagnostic imaging effective aspheric radiating surface. The transducers are formed of disc-shaped piezoelectric material. An annular groove separates the piezoelectric material into an inner disc region and an outer annular region for simultaneous activation or activation of the inner disc alone. The focus is changed by a reed switch connection to the two transducer regions, which permits proximity switch control of the transducer operation in a shielded environment for good noise performance.

Abstract: A relay with a contact making independent from environmental conditions with two hermetically sealed contact pills is described. Each contact pill comprises a switching-over contact and a diaphragm made of electrically and magnetically conducting material which diaphragm is the movable member adhering on corresponding contact poles due to the magnetic flux caused by a permanent magnet and flowing through the core of a drive coil. To change the contact condition of the relay it is sufficient to produce a current pulse through the drive coil causing a control flux of a magnitude which exceeds that of the permanent magnet flux by a small amount only because the two fluxes add their strength when the change-over operation is initiated. Due to this adding the needed drive power is so small that a direct driving by TTL-circuits is possible. By other arrangements of the permanent magnet within the magnetic circuit monostable relays can also be realized.

Abstract: A prover detector comprising a barrel having a longitudinal bore formed therethrough to receive a proximity switch mounted in one end thereof and a piston mounted in the other end thereof to extend from the barrel bore into the prover. The proximity switch is of the type that is responsive to the proximity of an unmagnetized, ferromagnetic mass near the end thereof disposed within the barrel bore for closing a set of contacts in the proximity switch and the piston has a cylindrically symmetric portion at the end thereof nearest the proximity switch, such portion centered on an axis of movement of the piston relative to the proximity switch defined by the barrel bore, so that the position of the piston for which the contacts in the proximity switch close depends only upon the distance between the proximity switch and the piston.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with devices for controlling movement of small animals, of the kind commonly known as "Cat Ports". The device is activated by an operating magnet worn by the small animal, which when the animal moves to pass through the device, closes a reed switch. The reed switch is adjustably pre-biased by a positionally adjustable permanent magnet, to afford the reed switch with a desired sensitivity, and a control circuit includes a re-setting coil to return the reed switch to its open position after a predetermined time interval. The device may readily be modified to control movement of animals in either, or both directions, to and from a designated area.

Abstract: A valve adjustment unit for an electronically controlled hydraulic proportional-response valve comprising a proportional-response magnet unit, a coaxially connected electronic control unit, and an intermediate insulating spacer body surrounding the inductive coil of a displacement transducer. The magnet core of the transducer is carried by the push rod of the armature of the proportional-response magnet and arranged to move in the bore of an axial cover extension of the magnet unit housing which is open to the oil-filled armature displacement space. The transducer coil core is part of the electronic control unit, serving as a support for two circuit boards and as a cover for the control unit housing.

Abstract: Magnetically actuated devices such as, e.g., switches and synchronizers typically comprise a magnetically semihard component having a square B-H hysteresis loop and high remanent induction. Among alloys having such properties are Co-Fe-V, Co-Fe-Nb, and Co-Fe-Ni-Al-Ti alloys which, however, contain undesirably large amounts of cobalt.According to the invention, devices are equipped with a magnetically semihard, high-remanence Fe-Mo-Ni alloy which comprises Mo in a preferred amount in the range of 2-26 weight percent and Ni in a preferred amount in the range of 0.5-15 weight percent.Magnets made from alloys of the invention may be shaped, e.g., by cold drawing, rolling, bending, or flattening and may be used in devices such as, e.g., electrical contact switches, hysteresis motors, and other magnetically actuated devices.Preparation of alloys of the invention may be by a treatment of annealing and aging or deformation and aging.

Abstract: A two position rotary type magnetically actuated reed switch (10) having magnetic detents is disclosed. The preferred switch includes a housing (12) having confronting magnetizable side walls (13, 14), a shaft (22) secured to the housing (12) for rotation relative thereto and means (30) at one end of the shaft (22) for effecting manual rotation thereof, a magnetic member (36) secured to the shaft (22) for rotation therewith between the confronting walls (13, 14) whereby the member (36) is in magnetic detented contact with one wall (14) when the shaft (22) is rotated to a first position and in magnetic detented contact with the other wall (13) when the shaft (22) is rotated to a second position, and a magnetic reed switch (60) supported in the housing (12) in the vicinity of the wall (14) such that the switch (60) is activated when the shaft (22) is in its first position and deactivated when the shaft (22) is in its second position.

Abstract: A magnetic relay having an electromagnetic coil with an open center extending lengthwise therethrough and an outer tube of magnetic material enclosing it lengthwise. A pair of radially expandable disks of magnetic material are positioned in the outer tube across the ends of the coil and a pair of inner tubes of magnetic material are positioned axially aligned with each other through the central openings in the disks and in the open center of the coil about a switch contact, e.g. a reed switch capsule. The adjacent ends of the inner tubes are spaced apart to form a gap adjacent the coacting ends of the switch contact. These inner tubes are of a size in the open center of the coil to pass freely through the central openings in the disks and of a larger size at the location of the disks such that these inner tubes urge the disks to expand radially into tight contact with the inside of the outer tube.

Abstract: A magnetic field is applied to a recording element by energization of an electromagnet or by a permanent magnet to a saturation point of the element material to cause the recording element to move in relation to the electromagnet or to the permanent magnet when the magnetic field is reversed. The polarity opposes or reverses the field to enable a controlled repulsion force and causes the recording element to move in an opposite direction. Magnetic hysteresis is thus utilized in the repulsion and attraction of such an element in both directions of movement.

Abstract: A magnetic latching reed relay including a single continuous control winding disposed about an encapsulated reed switch having a pair of reeds constructed of a remanent magnetic material. The reeds are normally biased in an open position. When a first pulse of current, of a certain amplitude, is applied to the control winding a magnetic flux field is generated which magnetically saturates the reed blades, producing magnetic poles of opposite polarity at the contacting ends of the reeds which overcomes the normal mechanical bias of the blades, closing the contacts. A second pulse of current of an opposite direction and of approximately half the amplitude of the first pulse is then applied to the control winding and a reverse magnetic flux field is generated which is insufficient to magnetically saturate the reed blades and the magnetic polarity established thereby being also insufficient to overcome the normal spring bias of the blades, thus allowing the blades to return to the normal or open position.

Abstract: A normally closed reed relay switch is provided having an enhanced ratio of reclosure to open current. A permanent magnet is used to bias closed a normally open reed relay switch. An electrical coil is placed around one end of the reed relay switch so as to offset the flux distribution of the permanent magnet thereby allowing the switch to assume an open position. The position of the magnet and the coil with respect to the reed relay switch results in an enhanced ratio of reclosure to open current on the order of 10 to 1.

Abstract: A magnetically operated reed switch device for use in physical security monitoring systems, machinery control systems, and the like, having a biasing permanent magnet associated therewith for providing adjustable sensitivity to the proximity of an actuating permanent magnet. The reed switch is enclosed in a cylindrical glass capsule and the biasing magnet is mounted near the capsule, with its axis of magnetic polarity parallel to an elongate reed of the reed switch, in a position adjustable along the longitudinal axis of the reed by an adjustment screw for controlling the sensitivity of the reed switch. The biasing magnet may be mounted on a screw-driven carriage or on the end of a screw moving within a tube parallel to the reed. The device is actuated by increased magnetic flux density provided by the actuating magnet, which is attached to the movable object whose position is being monitored. The switch device and its actuating magnet are fixed in protective housings having mounting means.

Abstract: Magnet-controlled switch comprising in a case at least one flexible-strip interruptor (FSI) placed between two magnetic plates, one being movable with respect to the other under the action of a manipulatable element, and at least one permanent magnet near each end of the FSI, in such a manner that the magnets exhibit poles of opposite polarities and produce a magnetic field perpendicular to the plates.

Abstract: A magnetically operated proximity switch for use in physical security monitoring systems, machinery control systems, and the like, comprising a magnetic reed switch having permanent magnet biasing means associated therewith for controlling the sensitivity of the switch to the proximity of an external magnetic field. The reed switch is enclosed in an elongate glass capsule and the magnet of the biasing means is attached to the capsule with its axis of polarity parallel to the reed of the reed switch by means of either a slidable carrier or heat shrinkable tubing. The means of attachment of the biasing magnet to the reed switch capsule allows adjustment of the position of the biasing magnet to control sensitivity of the reed switch. Protective mounting means is provided for attaching the switch and biasing magnet to an object.

Abstract: A temperature responsive apparatus includes a thermocouple producing a thermoelectric e.m.f. depending on the temperature difference between a temperature to be detected and a circumferential temperature and a first winding supplied with current from the thermocouple to generate a first magnetic field. A second winding is connected to a voltage source to generate a second magnetic field in the opposite direction to that generated by the first winding and a reed switch is positioned in the total magnetic field generated by the first and the second windings so as to respond to the intensity of the total magnetic field to make and break its contacts. A diode is also connected to the voltage source, and the second winding is always excited in accordance with the voltage drop across the diode to maintain said second magnetic field.

Abstract: A magnetically adjustable relay which may have an internally positioned sealed contact system is disclosed wherein the switching element of the contact system is elongated and has one end affixed to an elongated ferromagnetic adjusting plate. The adjusting plate is attached to the coil body by means of torsional cross pieces or bars. The position of the adjusting plate within the coil body can be adjusted by means of an exteriorly applied magnetic field which deforms the cross bars.

Abstract: A position sensing system having one or more magnetically operated switches at predetermined spaced locations and a magnet attached to a carrier moving along a path adjacent thereto and as the carrier passes each switch, magnetically latching it in one condition until the carrier returns in the opposite direction and unlatches it. The switches may be unlatched open or latched closed, or any combination, as the carrier travels past the switches in one direction and shifted to the opposite condition when the carrier moves in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A molded plastic retainer for securing a permanent biasing magnet in position inside the core of a multi-capsule reed relay assembly, wherein the retainer secures the magnet by an interference fit between the magnet and an inner core wall. The retainer includes fins which position the reed capsules against the magnet.

Abstract: A switch is disclosed comprising two sets of rod-shaped fixed electrodes formed of a magnetic material and one cylindrical moving electrode formed of a permanent magnet, each set of the fixed electrodes being fixed to the respective end of a cylindrical vessel so that the ends of each set of the fixed electrodes face the ends of the other set of the fixed electrodes with the moving electrode capable of reciprocating between the ends of the two sets of fixed electrodes inside the cylindrical vessel. The moving electrode is comprised of at least one adhesive layer of a metal selected from the group consisting of silver, nickel, copper and alloys thereof on the surface of the permanent magnet, and at least one contact layer of a metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, wolfram, rhenium, ruthenium and alloys thereof, silver-wolfram, gold-chromium on the adhesive layer of metal. At least the permanent magnet of the moving electrode and the adhesive layer of metal are thermally diffused with each other.

Abstract: An overload circuit for a loudspeaker system which indicates the overload and also automatically reduces the load on the speaker system to prevent damage in which a rectifier followed by a smoothing circuit is connected in parallel with the speaker and supplies an output to a magnetic coil for energizing a magnetic switch on overload so as to place a load dropping means in series with the speaker during overload. The load dropping means might be a lamp which visually indicates the overload condition.

Abstract: A magnetic latching relay includes three control windings disposed about an encapsulated reed switch having a pair of reeds constructed of a remanent magnetic material. A first winding is disposed about one reed and second and third windings are disposed about the other reed. The windings are arranged so that a current pulse applied to the first and second winding generates magnetic flux fields in the same direction that produce magnetic poles of opposite polarity at the contacting ends of the reeds and causes the contacting ends to close while a current pulse applied to the first and third windings generates magnetic flux fields in the opposite direction that in turn produces magnetic poles of like polarity at the contacting ends and causes the contacting ends to open.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control system for maintaining the linear alignment of end-coupled, adjacent sections of self-propelled sprinkler irrigation apparatus, and for interrupting power to the drive means when any adjacent sections are in gross linear misalignment uncorrectable by the control system. A magnetic reed switch and permanent magnet combination, together with a metallic shield interposed between them, act as alignment sensors and overtravel sensors to open or close the reed switch in accordance with the alignment status of the irrigation system. A logic circuit utilizing an exclusive OR-gate is disclosed which causes the function of the alignment control sensors to reverse whenever the direction of the irrigation apparatus reverses, and, also, an electronic circuit utilizing a digital capacitance meter to indicate which tower is in gross linear misalignment, if any, should the apparatus automatically shut down.

Abstract: The position of a control rod located within a nuclear reactor is sensed by a position indicating system utilizing low hysteresis reed switch assemblies. Each reed switch assembly includes a reed switch having an alternating magnetic flux field applied thereto through a coil surrounding the reed switch and energized by an alternating current power source. The amplitude of the alternating magnetic flux field is adjusted to be between a first flux level required to close the reed switch and a second flux level required to open the reed switch. The level of the alternating magnetic flux field is preset to be below the second flux level to maintain the switch in the open position until an external flux field is introduced to raise the total flux level above the first flux level to actuate the reed switch to close. The interaction of the alternating and external flux fields negates the hysteresis band of ordinary reed switches and provides a more sensitive and accurate position indicating circuit.

Abstract: A reed switch comprising a first reed of conductive magnetic material and a second reed of conductive non-magnetic material mounted in cooperating spaced relation to said first reed and a cooperating pair of magnetic operators mounted in spaced relation to said first and second reeds and said reeds being positioned between said pair of operators, and including a third operator cooperating with the pair of operators to influence one or the other of said operators to shift said first reed into a first mode or a second mode and latch said first reed in said mode.

Abstract: A reed switch which comprises a first reed of conductive material and a second reed of conductive non-magnetic material mounted in cooperating spaced relation to said first reed. The first reed comprises a body of conductive material having a contact section, an intermediate spring section and a support section, with the intermediate section being foil thin and the contact section being substantially rigid and non-flexible and being substantially thicker than said intermediate section. The intermediate section comprises a leaf spring having a flexibility permitting one end of said leaf spring to flex a substantial distance through an arc with respect to the other end of said leaf spring without exceeding the elastic limits of said spring.

Abstract: A liquid level sensing system comprises a permanent magnet mounted in a cylindrical supporting case disposed in a housing and provided with a resistance plate at one end thereof, a reed switch arranged parallel to the permanent magnet and electromagnetic means including an iron core and a coil arranged above the supporting case and on the same axis as the permanent magnet. When the level of the engine oil goes down, the reed switch and the electromagnetic means cause the permanent magnet to vertically vibrate in the supporting case in the axial direction thereof thus causing for example a lamp to flash on and off and indicate the existence of an irregularity. With the construction described above, the system of this invention is capable of sensing an abnormal deterioration of the engine oil in addition to the sensing of the engine oil level.

Abstract: A pressure insensitive counter for a towed array deployed underwater provs accurate readings of the deployment of the array from a winch. Several magnets are carried on the side of a fairlead sheeve to actuate associated reed switches as the magnets pass by them. The reed switches are oriented with respect to one another to provide binary coded decimal (BCD) signals which are fed to an electronic counter circuit carried inside of a pressurized hull. Mounting the reed switches inside of fluid filled conduits assures that the BCD signals are generated reliably. The electronic counter circuit assures a positive indication of how much of the array has been deployed.

Abstract: A glass having a softening temperature (E.sub.W) between 596.degree. and 634.degree. C. and a working temperature (V.sub.A) between 792.degree. and 863.degree. C., said glass being produced from a melt having a composition expressed in percentages by weight as follows:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 50.9 to 60.4, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 1.5 to 11.5, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 2.5 to 5.3, Li.sub.2 O 0.75 to 3.0, Na.sub.2 O 6.0 to 15.0, K.sub.2 O 0 to 3.8, Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O 8.0 to 17.3, Li.sub.2 O + Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 11.0 to 19.7, CaO 0 to 1.5, BaO 0 to 12.9, ZnO 0 to 7.3, PbO 0 to 17.5, BaO + PbO 7.0 to 17.8, Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 3.3 to 5.0, F.sub.2 0 to 0.7, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.05 to 0.1, Sugar 0.05 to 0.1.

Abstract: An improved dual threshold switch is actuated by magnetic fields in the sch's proximity. An elongate glass envelope contains a pair of reed contacts. The contacts are biased by a piece of donut-shaped magnetic material circumscribing the envelope to be switched to a closed position at one magnetic threshold or an open position at another magnetic threshold. Both magnetic thresholds are induced in the contacts by external actuating magnets and the thresholds can be changed by physically moving the donut along the elongate glass envelope. A coil is provided and encompasses the envelope and magnetic donut to provide an electro-magnetic field which shifts the biasing field induced by the donut. When the electro-magnetic shifting field is turned on the thresholds established by the biasing field are shifted so that the contacts would be actuated from external actuation fields at different magnetic thresholds.

Abstract: A magnetic switch assembly including a reed switch is biased by moving the magnetic axis of a permanent magnet with respect to the axis of the reed switch. In one embodiment, the magnet is a disc magnet which is provided with diametrically opposite poles the magnetic axis of the magnet being rotated in a plane spaced from the reed switch. In a further embodiment the magnet is a bar magnet disposed with its magnetic axis parallel to and aligned with the axis of the reed switch. A screw-threaded member received in a bore in the magnet is rotated to move the magnet towards and away from the reed switch to vary the magnetic biasing conditions, guide means are disclosed abutting the magnet so as to maintain the disposition of the magnet with respect to the reed switch during movement of the magnet.

Abstract: A small reed switch having a glass tubularly shaped envelope containing a ir of reed contacts is modified to ensure its being biased to either an open or a closed position. A donut-shaped piece of a rubber-bonded, barium-ferrite, magnetic material is circumferentially mounted on the reed switch at a position where its magnetic field influences the contacts to an open position or a closed position. Thusly arranged, an actuating magnet, having a sufficient field at a single pre-established distance from the contacts, actuates the switch from all radial directions from the switch. Potting the modified switch in an epoxy resin further ensures a greater reliability and makes it ideal for implantations in laboratory animals.

Abstract: A magnetically actuated switching device using reversibly magnetizable armatures treated by a selective annealing process. The annealing process changes the homogeneous coercive magnetic properties of the armatures so that the highest coercive force is caused to occur in the region of the armature which is subjected to magnetizing forces from an energizing coil, and the region of the armature existing outside the magnetizing field is annealed in a manner to lower the coercive force of the armature. Selectively annealing the armature to provide high coercive force in the vicinity of the magnetizing coil reduces the amount of magnetizing force necessary to be supplied by the coil for switching the armature from a closed to an open contact position.

Abstract: An electrical circuit protective arrangement in which a reed spring relay has provided a back contact probe element associated with one of the springs and makes contact therewith when the normally closed springs are open and presents a gap with the associated spring when the springs are closed. The springs are serially connected in the electrical circuit and are of a magnetically responsive material so that the springs are forced open when an undesirably high current is present in the circuit which in turn completes a detection and alarm circuit when the probe element makes contact with the spring. The relay envelope contains a gas which ionizes in the gap to complete the same detection and alarm circuit when a dangerously high voltage appears across the gap although the springs remain closed.

Abstract: A remarkably compact reed-switch relay having a U-shaped core comprised of two separate areas of remanent magnetic material and controlled by a first coil encircling the bight of the core and by a second coil encircling both legs of the core. Reed switches are positioned within the second coil and in proximity to the legs of the core, the switches being disposed with their magnetic axes substantially parallel to the core legs so that energization of the first coil causes orientation of the remanent core flux in a manner opening the switches and latching them open, while energization of the second coil closes the switches and orients the remanent core flux to latch them closed.