Abstract: A coil component includes a body having a first surface and a second surface opposing each other in a thickness direction of the body and including a core formed in the thickness direction; a coil part embedded in the body and including at least one turn around the core; an insulating layer disposed on the first surface of the body; a bonded conductive layer disposed on the insulating layer and having a surface roughness of the first surface which is in contact with the insulating layer greater than a surface roughness of the second surface opposing the first surface of the bonded conductive layer; and external electrodes connected to the coil part and covering the bonded conductive layer.

Abstract: A coil component may include a body having a support member including a through hole, a coil disposed on at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the support member, and a magnetic material encapsulating the coil and the support member, and filling the through hole. The coil includes a coil pattern. The coil component further includes an external electrode connected to the coil. At least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the support member includes a groove, having a shape corresponding to a shape of the coil pattern, and at least a portion of the coil pattern is embedded in the groove.

Abstract: A multilayer capacitor includes an element assembly, a first external electrode, a second external electrode, and a plurality of internal electrodes which are disposed at the inside of the element assembly. The plurality of internal electrodes include a first internal electrode that is electrically connected to the first external electrode, a second internal electrode that is electrically connected to the second external electrode, and a plurality of third internal electrodes. The plurality of third internal electrodes are electrically connected to each other by a first connection conductor and a second connection conductor, a first capacitance portion is constituted by the first internal electrode and the third internal electrodes, a second capacitance portion is constituted by the second internal electrode and the third internal electrodes, and the first capacitance portion and the second capacitance portion are electrically connected in series.

Abstract: A multilayer capacitor includes an element assembly, a first external electrode, a second external electrode, and a plurality of internal electrodes which are disposed at the inside of the element assembly. The plurality of internal electrodes include a first internal electrode that is electrically connected to the first external electrode, a second internal electrode that is electrically connected to the second external electrode, and a plurality of third internal electrodes. The plurality of third internal electrodes are electrically connected to each other by a first connection conductor and a second connection conductor, a first capacitance portion is constituted by the first internal electrode and the third internal electrodes, a second capacitance portion is constituted by the second internal electrode and the third internal electrodes, and the first capacitance portion and the second capacitance portion are electrically connected in series.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a circuit board structure includes the following steps: providing an inner circuit structure which includes a core layer; performing a build-up process to laminate a first build-up circuit structure on a first patterned circuit layer of the inner circuit structure, wherein the first build-up circuit structure includes an inner dielectric layer, and the inner dielectric layer directly covers an upper surface of the core layer and the first patterned circuit layer; removing a portion of the first build-up circuit structure to form an opening extending from a first surface of the first build-up circuit structure relatively far away from the inner circuit structure to a portion of the inner dielectric layer; performing a sandblasting process on a first inner surface of the inner dielectric layer exposed by the opening to at least remove the portion of the inner dielectric layer exposed by the opening.

Abstract: A coupled inductor comprises an annular core 1 and coils 2a, 2b wound around the core. The annular core 1 includes a sendust core having a maximum differential permeability that is equal to or greater than 30.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transformer construction comprising a plurality of transformer cores configured to share magnetic flux paths and, as a result, at least one of the cores comprises a post and an associated sidewall having an effective cross-sectional area which is less than that of the post. Such a construction may be employed in a power conditioning unit, for example, for a photovoltaic module, which is configured to operate the cores out of phase from each other. Also described is a transformer winding comprising a longitudinal spine having a first turn emanating from a first portion of the spine in a first transverse direction and a second turn emanating from a second portion of the spine in a second transverse direction, wherein the second transverse direction is opposite to the first transverse direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for hands free inductive charging of batteries for an electric vehicle is characterized by the use of a transformer having a primary coil connected with a charging station and a secondary coil connected with a vehicle. More particularly, the when the vehicle is parked adjacent to the charging station, the primary coil is displaced via a self alignment mechanism to position the primary coil adjacent to the secondary coil to maximize the inductive transfer of charging current to the secondary coil. The self alignment mechanism preferably utilizes feedback signals from the secondary coil to automatically displace the primary coil in three directions to position the primary coil for maximum efficiency of the transformer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transformer construction comprising a plurality of transformer cores configured to share magnetic flux paths and, as a result, at least one of the cores comprises a post and an associated sidewall having an effective cross-sectional area which is less than that of the post. Such a construction may be employed in a power conditioning unit, for example, for a photovoltaic module, which is configured to operate the cores out of phase from each other. Also described is a transformer winding comprising a longitudinal spine having a first turn emanating from a first portion of the spine in a first transverse direction and a second turn emanating from a second portion of the spine in a second transverse direction, wherein the second transverse direction is opposite to the first transverse direction.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic device is provided, in which magnetic permeability in a high frequency range can be easily improved. Scratch-like grooves extending along an extending direction of a coil (for example, a Y-axis direction being an extending direction of a second coil part) are formed at least one side of a surface and a back of each of a lower magnetic film and an upper magnetic film. A magnetization direction of anisotropic magnetization is controlled in each of formation areas of the scratch-like grooves (formation areas of lower magnetic films and upper magnetic films), and therefore displacement (rotation) of the magnetization direction of the anisotropic magnetization is pinned by the scratch-like grooves. Consequently, certain magnetic permeability is kept even in a high frequency range. Moreover, such formation of the scratch-like grooves may not cause complexity in manufacturing process.

Abstract: A load measuring circuit including a cable including first and second conductors and a shielding. The conductors are connected by a first end thereof to a load, the shielding is not connected to a ground at the end, and the conductors are connected to a generator by the second end thereof. A transformer includes a first winding connected to a conductor on the second end of the cable, a second winding is connected between a ground and the shielding on the second end of the cable, and a third winding is connected to a current measuring member.

Abstract: A noise filter available for various cable widths and capable of being easily attached to a cable. The noise filter has a first core having both ends to which first and second holding members and are attached, and a second core having both ends to which third and fourth holding members and are attached. First and second contacting portions and are formed on a first facing surface at the first core. Third and fourth contacting portions are formed on a second facing surface at the second core. When the first and second contacting portions are brought into contact with the third and fourth contacting portions an insertion hole is provided between the first and second contacting portions and between the first and second facing surfaces. The first and third holding members are coupled to each other by a retaining portion and retaining projection. The second and fourth holding members and are coupled to each other by a hinge portion.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic device is provided, in which magnetic permeability in a high frequency range can be easily improved. Scratch-like grooves extending along an extending direction of a coil (for example, a Y-axis direction being an extending direction of a second coil part) are formed at least one side of a surface and a back of each of a lower magnetic film and an upper magnetic film. A magnetization direction of anisotropic magnetization is controlled in each of formation areas of the scratch-like grooves (formation areas of lower magnetic films and upper magnetic films), and therefore displacement (rotation) of the magnetization direction of the anisotropic magnetization is pinned by the scratch-like grooves. Consequently, certain magnetic permeability is kept even in a high frequency range. Moreover, such formation of the scratch-like grooves may not cause complexity in manufacturing process.

Abstract: A magnetic assembly including a printed circuit board and a core made from magnetically permeable material positioned on the printed circuit board. Plated through holes are formed in the printed circuit board, a first plated through hole on a first side of the core, a second plated through on a second side of the core and third plated though hole on the first side of the core. A winding lead has a first leg soldered in the first plated through hole and a second leg soldered in the second plated through hole, the winding lead being a discrete electrical conductor separate from the printed circuit board. A conductive trace is formed in the printed circuit board, the conductive trace electrically connected the second plated through hole and the third plated through hole.

Abstract: A transformer is constituted of an inner core, a plurality of outer cores connected in a ring to the inner core, a primary winding which is fed with a high frequency wave and wound around the inner core, and a secondary winding wound outside the primary winding. The secondary winding has, for the two outer cores, windings which are caused to pass at least once between the inner core and each of the respective outer cores, and the windings passed in the same direction are connected in parallel. With this configuration, it is possible to achieve a transformer for a switching power supply with a low voltage regulation.

Abstract: A circuit breaker includes a handle having OFF, ON and intermediate positions, and an extension. A blocking disk has a spring, and first, second and third surfaces. The handle and disk are co-pivotally mounted. The extension engages the third surface for rotation therewith. A pivot lever includes a first end adapted for engagement with a movable contact arm, and a second end adapted for engagement with the first and second surfaces. The first surface blocks the second end as the handle moves from OFF toward the intermediate position, and releases the second end to the second surface at the intermediate position. The first end blocks movement of the movable contact arm when the first surface blocks the second end, and releases the movable contact arm when the first surface releases the second end, thereby moving a movable contact toward a fixed contact in response to the bias of a spring.

Abstract: An inductive sensor for measuring a current in a conductor includes a generally annular winding (10) delimiting a passage for the conductor. The winding extends homogeneously over most of the circumference of a ring except for a section (20) where the winding has a structural discontinuity. The sensor includes at least one identical complementary winding (12). The windings (10, 12) are disposed coaxially and oriented so that the structural discontinuities of the windings are regularly distributed in the angular direction about the common axis of the windings. The windings are connected in series.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a bead inductor includes the steps of forming a molded body of a resin material or a rubber material including a powdery magnetic substance with a conductor coil defined by a wound, coated metallic wire; cutting both ends of the molded body so as to expose the ends of the conductor coil; and attaching external terminals to the exposed ends of the conductor coil so that the external terminals are electrically connected to the conductor coil. The connection reliability between the conductor coil and the external terminals is greatly increased in the bead inductor manufactured by the method because convex portions protruding from the end surfaces of the molded body are provided on both ends of the conductor coil, which are exposed by cutting the molded body, so that the external terminals are attached and electrically connected to the convex portions.

Abstract: A transform-rectifier module has a one-half turn secondary winding installed with very short, direct connections to four rectifiers. The core of the transformer has two parallel through holes. The secondary winding comprises two "Y" shaped windings. The "Y" legs of each winding are installed through the through holes from opposite sides of the core, and the ends of the "Y" windings connect to the four rectifiers. The common connections of the "Y" windings terminate on a ground plane. The rectifiers may be mounted on a common power plane which may also be a heat sink for the rectifiers and a mounting plate for the module as a whole. There is room through the through holes for a primary winding, which may be installed during manufacture or later. The modules may be used singly or in a matrix transformer-like arrangement. They are characterized by very low leakage inductance, high current capacity, good thermal properties and a low profile.

Abstract: An inductive device is comprised of a plurality of dielectric wafers having conductive patterns disposed thereon and being formed into a laminate structure. The laminate structure includes a ferromagnetic core encased within the dielectric material. The conductive patterns are interconnected using vias to create a conductive structure, such as windings, about the core. During fabrication of the device, the core is pressurized to maintain high-permeability characteristics. As a result, inductive devices such as transformers and inductors can be made having small dimensions and high inductive values.

Abstract: Common mode ferrite bead is provided for suppressing EMI/RFI. The bead includes a ferrite body of substantially rectangular configuration with top and bottom surfaces, first and second end surfaces and first and second side surfaces. Six apertures pass entirely through the body from the first end surface to the second end surface. Grooves may be provided in bottom surface. Two conductors are provided through the body such that each of the conductors passes through each of three of the apertures through the body. The opposed ends of the conductors are bent to fit in the grooves in the bottom surface of the body. These ends of the respective conductors define contact which can be soldered to conductive pads on a circuit board.

Abstract: In the magnetic core including a first leg portion around which a wire is wound, a second leg portion for circulating a magnetic flux generated in the first leg portion, and a web portion connecting the first leg portion and the second leg portion, a magnetic gap is provided in a rear area extending from the root of the first leg portion. With the magnetic gap, a magnetic flux leaking outwardly from a rear area extending from the root of the first leg portion is drastically reduced.

Abstract: An induction device for high radio frequency signal distributor which is able to act as a right signal distributing induction device on the right side of the high radio frequency signal distributor and act as a left signal distributing induction device on the left side of the high radio frequency signal distributor. Accordingly, the induction device comprises a pair of conductive cores and a plurality of enamel copper wires or insulated copper wires intertwined around the two cores in predetermined manner for accommodating high radio frequency signal distributor so as to enable the transmission frequency range of radio frequency signal distributing circuit to extend to 1000 MHz. Thus the number of channels of cable TV can be increased.

Abstract: A radio frequency choke for a cable or CATV system is designed for blocking signals from 5 to 1000 MHz and passing 60 Hz AC power. The RF choke has a wire coil that is wound upon a coil form of a predetermined cross section, the coil being formed of a number of successive spaced windings on the form, with each winding being joined to the next by an air coil of at least one turn, formed off the loop. The various successive windings should have different numbers of turns. Forming the air coils tends to tighten the windings onto the form, so that a fixative coating or adhesive can be eliminated or omitted.

Abstract: A lamination type inductor has a plurality of ferrite sheets assembled one above the other and laminated together, the uppermost and lowermost sheets being end sheets having lead-out conductor patterns thereon and conductor patterns on the surfaces of the end sheets which face each other which are connected to the lead-out conductor patterns and which are for connection to conductor patterns on intermediate sheets, and a plurality of intermediate ferrite sheets, each having a conductor pattern on one surface thereof which corresponds to a 0.25 turn of an inductor coil and a conductor pattern on the other surface which corresponds to a 0.5 turn of an inductor coil, each ferrite sheet having an opening therethrough through which the conductor patterns of the 0.25 and 0.5 turn are electrically connected to form a 0.75 turn of an inductor coil on each ferrite sheet.

Abstract: A miniature, light weight, high voltage, high frequency, high power output unique ballast and a unique sealable neon lamp in a light weight, light reflective box containing the ballast for use as one of a plurality of ceiling lamps. The ballast includes a transformer with a tuned secondary due to distributed capacitance, as a result of spaced apart first and second halves of the secondary winding, particularly wound in three separate sections of a bobbin fitted on the center leg of the transformer E--E core and tightly coupled to a center tapped primary winding on the center leg of the other section of the E-core. The section of the core are separated by a high dielectric spacer which also gaps the core when the sections are placed together. An asymetrical starting circuit prevents burnout of the alternate conducting FET switching device by insuring that only a selected one FET always starts first, and the unique bobbin and secondary winding prevents breakdown in the secondary high voltage winding.

Abstract: Electric pulse generator having at least one capacitor in the form of a coaxial line section and a saturatable inductance coil serving as a switch. According to the invention, the saturatable inductance coil is located within the internal conductor of the coaxial line.

Abstract: A bifluxer type transformer for use in a static inverter utilizes an E-E or shell-type core. Such configuration is particularly suitable for ballasting hid lamps because it minimizes stray flux which causes eddy current losses in the luminaire metal enclosure. A pair of apertures are provided in the yoke area, one above and the other below the central leg, around which the main winding is wound. Control windings are looped through the apertures and provide feedback from the output to the input of a power transistor as a result of linkage by transverse flux.

Abstract: A laminated magnetic core characterized by an electromagnetic core having core legs which comprise elongated apertures and edge notches disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the legs, such as high reluctance cores with linear magnetization characteristics for high voltage shunt reactors. In one embodiment the apertures include compact bodies of microlaminations for more flexibility and control in adjusting permeability and/or core reluctance.

Abstract: A switching system for delivering pulses of power from a source (10) to a load (20) using a storage capacitor (C3) charged through a rectifier (D1, D2), and maintained charged to a reference voltage level by a transistor switch (Q1) and voltage comparator (12). A thyristor (22) is triggered to discharge the storage capacitor through a saturable reactor (18) and fractional turn saturable transformer (16) having a secondary to primary turn ratio N of n:l/n=n.sup.2. The saturable reactor (18) functions as a "soaker" while the thyristor reaches saturation, and then switches to a low impedance state. The saturable transformer functions as a switching transformer with high impedance while a load coupling capacitor (C4) charges, and then switches to a low impedance state to dump the charge of the storage capacitor (C3) into the load through the coupling capacitor (C4).

Abstract: A transformer having a main winding and a control winding has a pair of E-shaped cores (10, 11), and an I-shaped third core (13) positioned on one E-shaped core (10). A small groove (14) is provided on the base plate (10c) of the first E-shaped core (10). A control winding (12) is wound on the I-shaped core (13) so that the winding (2) rests in the groove 14. Those cores (10, 11, 13) are made of ferrite material. Thus, both the main winding and the control winding can be produced using a winding machine.

Abstract: A novel and economical transformer is described for use in a static inverter in association with one or two switching devices, typically transistors. The transformer produces an output for control of the associated switching device(s) which changes in sense as a function of the flux level in the transformer core. The arrangement is applicable to a figure "8" flux configuration such as is achieved from two "E" cores, and requires only a single aperture located at the base of the common branch. Control is effected by a single primary and single secondary winding wound through the aperture. With two switching devices, two apertures are normally provided. The core which supports a figure "8" flux configuration may take other more economical alternatives such as "I" core, "T" core or a single "E" core.

Abstract: A novel transformer is described for use in a static inverter in association with one or two switching semiconductor devices. The transformer produces an output for control of the associated switching device(s) which changes in sense from conduction aiding to conduction inhibiting as a function of the flux level in the transformer core. The invention is applicable to single loop cores, such as are assembled from two "U" cores. Control is effected by a primary and secondary control winding wound through an aperture pair, the aperture pair being oriented for "neutrality" of the second control winding to the main flux. The aperture pair creates a five branch magnetic path which permits optimizing the control voltage applied to the associated semiconductor devices both to enhance the switching efficiency when the switching device is initially turned on and to reduce stresses on the switching device by precluding transformer saturation when the switching device is turned off.

Abstract: Electrical apparatus includes electrical coil means formed of multiple turns of enamel-covered electrical wire axially mounted on a core of magnetic material in electromagnetic energy coupling relationship therewith, and a relatively flat flexible electrical cable containing a plurality of spaced parallel conductors extending between the cable ends contains a loop shaped portion extending about an axis of said core over an arcuate distance greater than 180 degrees.

Abstract: A regulating power transformer has a DC-shunt control arranged so that coupling between the primary and secondary windings of the transformer over substantially the entire range from 5% to 95% of rated line input may be achieved, with low harmonic component and low voltage distortion in the output. A DC-shunt, having a cross-section at least equal to any single path AC magnetic flux core leg is interposed between primary and secondary windings placed on the core legs, with an air gap between each end of the shunt member where it is contiguous to a core leg, and a DC control winding is arranged through at least one window formed in the shunt member.

Abstract: A static inverter employing an inductor and an electrical gain element for intermittent assymetric energization of the inductor from a dc source is described. Reliable intermittent operation of the gain element, typically a power transistor, is achieved by use of three feedback windings which in response to saturation of a branch of the core of the inductor but before full core saturation, discontinue regenerative feedback and then apply degenerative feedback. This turn off mechanism protects the transistor from high current stresses. Passive means are provided such as a capacitor for momentarily storing the energy or diode means for coupling the energy back to the source or to the load to protect the transistor from the high voltage surge and the energy release when current flow in the inductor is interrupted. Energy stored in the capacitor may be used for transistor commutation.

Abstract: Electronic ballast apparatus includes a transformer having an "E"-shaped core member with a primary winding wrapped on a center leg member and coupled to a potential source and first and second secondary windings each wrapped on a first and second outer leg member of the core member and coupled to gaseous discharge lamps such that flux developed in the primary winding is differentially divided between the first and second secondary windings in inverse relation to energization of the gaseous discharge lamps.

Abstract: A hoist brake unit having a shading coil mechanically locked into the core of the brake unit's electromagnet. The mechanical lock is achieved by passing the coil through a cavity in the core having intervening core material between the cavity and an external surface of the core.

Abstract: An induction heating coil and core structure which provides two distinct magnetic circuits, with the materials to be heated also forming a part of the circuits so that juxtaposed workpieces can be joined together with a layer of heat activatable adhesive by a unitary core structure. A pair of nested U-shaped cores have a differing number of exciter coil turns with at least one common turn wrapped about each of the members to produce a greater amount of flux density in one core than the other to effect a different heat rate between the workpieces which complete each magnetic circuit.

Abstract: In this pioneering invention, electrical energy in alternating or direct current form at any selected power, voltage, current, or frequency, within wide limits, is converted and controlled to other forms of electrical energy at uniformly and continuously controlled output waveform and voltage or current by means of progressive variation of magnetic flux in associated magnetic paths. For electrical energy regeneration, this invention relies on electromagnetic induction in windings surrounding variable permeance magnetic paths of ferrimagnetic or ferromagnetic materials. The controlling means rely upon progressive saturation and/or domain rotation for selected portions of the magnetic paths to yield a uniformly controllable permeance within the magnetic paths. Feedback techniques are used to stabilize the output and provide the means for external control of power output in combination with a reference source.

Abstract: A transformer designed to operate with a pair of power switching transistors in a d.c. to a.c. inverter is described. The transformer has an assembled core whose closed magnetic path is branched. A flux steering winding is used to ensure the prior saturation of a first branch associated with a regenerative feedback winding. Prior saturation of this branch reduces the forward drive on the switching transistors prior to full core saturation and avoids the consequent switching stresses on the transistors. The cores of the transformer are made from parts which abut at the branches so that both preformed power and preformed control windings may be used in assembling the transformer. The transformer may be assembled from conventional core configurations, and is thus of relatively low cost. A core arrangement is also disclosed in which the cross-section of the individual branches of the core may be adjusted.

Abstract: Electrical apparatus includes electrical coil means formed of multiple turns of enamel-covered electrical wire axially mounted on a core of magnetic material in electromagnetic energy coupling relationship therewith, and a relatively flat flexible electrical cable containing a plurality of spaced parallel conductors extending between the cable ends contains a loop shaped portion extending about an axis of said core over an arcuate distance greater than 180 degrees.

Abstract: A novel transformer is described for use in a static inverter in association with one or two switching semiconductor devices. The transformer produces an output for control of the associated switching device(s) which changes in sense from conduction aiding to conduction inhibiting as a function of the flux level in the transformer core. The invention is applicable to single loop cores, such as are assembled from two "U" cores. Control is effected by a primary and secondary control winding wound through an aperture pair, the aperture pair being oriented for "neutrality" of the second control winding to the main flux. The aperture pair creates a five branch magnetic path which permits optimizing the control voltage applied to the associated semiconductor devices both to enhance the switching efficiency when the switching device is initially turned on and to reduce stresses on the switching device by precluding transformer saturation when the switching device is turned off.