Abstract: An aerial vehicle includes a body and an antenna assembly mounted to the body. The antenna assembly includes a fairing component comprising a hollow body, a conductive coating formed on at least an inner surface of the fairing component, a plurality of antenna elements formed in the conductive coating, each antenna element including a first slot line defining a first transmission line and a second slot line defining a second transmission line, an insulator sleeve disposed within the fairing component, wherein an outer surface of the insulator sleeve at least substantially matches an inner surface of the fairing component, and a plurality of cable assemblies operably coupled to the plurality of antenna elements, wherein each cable assembly is coupled to a respective antenna element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resonator for expanding a transfer distance. A conical resonator includes a metal layer configured to operate according to a resonant frequency, and a dielectric layer coupled to the top or bottom of the metal layer to space the metal layer apart from another metal layer without overlap, wherein the metal layer and the dielectric layer have a Swiss-roll structure, and include an input face to which power is supplied on the bottom and an open face on the top.

Abstract: A temperature-dependent attenuator including one or more temperature-dependent resistors disposed in series with a transmission line and an inductive element shunting at least one of the temperature-dependent resistors.

Abstract: A power amplifier (power amplifier) having multiple solid state sub-amplifiers connected in parallel between the power amplifier input and the power amplifier output are described. The signal input to the power amplifier is provided to an RF splitter connected between the power amplifier input connector and the input of each of the sub-amplifiers. The RF splitter splits the input power from the signal input and provides the power to the sub-amplifier inputs through input electrical paths. The input electrical paths from the power amplifier input to the sub-amplifiers are substantially physically identical. Each of the sub-amplifiers drive an input of an RF combiner connected between the outputs of the sub-amplifiers and the output of the power amplifier. The RF combiner combines the output power from each of the sub-amplifiers through output electrical paths, and provides the combined power to the power amplifier output.

Abstract: A temperature compensation attenuator comprising: a base; a first film thermistor having two edges, a second film thermistor having a first edge, a second edge; and a third edge; an input terminal; an output terminal and a ground terminal; wherein the first film thermistor and the second film thermistor are disposed on the base; one edge of the first film thermistor is contacted to the input terminal; the other edge of the first film thermistor is contacted to the output terminal; the first edge of the second film thermistor is contacted to the input terminal; the second edge of the second film thermistor is contacted to the output terminal, the third edge of the second film thermistor is contacted to the ground terminal; and the first film thermistor has a temperature characteristic opposite to that of the second film thermistor.

Abstract: A PCB comprising two or more components, such as ICs, comprises drivers and receivers that facilitate communication of signals between the components. Signal terminations, such as series and AC terminations, are used to increase the integrity of signals transmitted between components. Advantageously, values of the terminations are determined using a computerized method comprising sequential adjustment of on-chip programmable resistors and/or capacitors on chips coupled to the PCB. Thus, the effect of various values of on-chip termination resistors and/or capacitors on signal integrity is actually tested on the PCB, rather than simulating using software, for example, in order to determine optimal termination values. Characteristics of on-chip programmable resistors and/or capacitors may be adjusted by writing values into registers of the corresponding chips.

Abstract: The present invention is a wideband temperature-dependent attenuator. In a preferred embodiment the attenuator is a modified Tee attenuator having first and second resistors connected in series at a first node and third and fourth resistors connected in shunt between the first node and ground. In a physical implementation of the attenuator, the third and fourth resistors are on opposite sides of the first and second resistors. Preferably, each of the four resistors is formed as a thick film resistor.

Abstract: A temperature and frequency variable gain attenuator comprises a temperature variable attenuator and a temperature variable filter network whose resistances changed to c generate different responses that vary over temperature and frequency. At least three different thick film thermistors are used, with two of these used on the attenuator and a third one used on the filter network. The temperature coefficients of the thermistors are different and are selected so that the attenuator and filter network attenuation change at a controlled rate with changes in temperature while the impedance of the gain equalizer remains within acceptable levels. Substantially any temperature coefficient of resistance can be created for each resistor by properly selecting and mixing different inks when forming the thick film thermistors. Furthermore, the attenuator can have either a negative temperature coefficient of attenuation or a positive temperature coefficient of attenuation.

Abstract: The present invention is an absorptive-type cable temperature and frequency equalizer that offsets changes in the gain of the other circuit components cables with increases in temperature and/or frequency. The equalizer comprises a temperature variable filter network having component values and a temperature coefficient of resistance that vary over temperature and frequency to produce a desired response. The temperature and frequency equalizer has at least one thick film thermistor connected in series with a quarter wavelength transmission line. The thermistor absorbs forward and reflected signals at lower frequencies.

Abstract: An absorptive temperature-variable microwave attenuator is produced using a first plurality of shunt resistors separated by quarter-wave transmission lines connected by a series resistor with a second plurality of shunt resistors separated by quarter-wave transmission lines. At least one or more of the resistors are temperature-variable resistors. The temperature coefficients of the temperature-variable resistors are selected so that the attenuator changes at a controlled rate with changes in temperature while attenuator remains relatively matched to the transmission line. In one embodiment, the resistors are thick-film resistors and a variety of temperature coefficients can be created for each resistor by properly selecting and mixing different inks when forming the thick film resistors. Furthermore, attenuators can be created having either a negative temperature coefficient of attenuation or a positive temperature coefficient of attenuation.

Abstract: An absorptive temperature-variable microwave attenuator is produced using at least two temperature-variable (or fixed) resistors in series with a transmission line. The temperature coefficients of the temperature-variable resistors are selected so that the attenuator changes at a controlled rate with changes in temperature while attenuator remains relatively matched to the transmission line. In one embodiment, the resistors are thick-film resistors and a variety of temperature coefficients can be created for each resistor by properly selecting and mixing different inks when forming the resistors. Furthermore, attenuators can be created having either a negative temperature coefficient of attenuation or a positive temperature coefficient of attenuation.

Abstract: A resistive pin for use in a voltage probe includes a pin-head that is configured to contact a test point in a device under test, and a resistor that is attached to the pin-head. Other systems are also provided for establishing electrical connections between testing instruments and devices under test.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multifunction resistor having an improved voltage variable material (“VVM”). More specifically, the present invention provides a polymer VVM that has been formulated with a high percentage loading of conductive and/or semiconductive particles. A known length of the relatively conductive VVM is placed between adjacent electrodes to produce a desired Ohmic normal state resistance. When an electrostatic discharge event occurs, the VVM of the multifunctional resistor becomes highly conductive and dissipates the ESD threat. One application for this “resistor” is the termination of a transmission line, which prevents unwanted reflections and distortion of high frequency signals.

Abstract: The termination device to connect with the other piece of a coaxial connector in the coaxial connector, which comprises a first component comprised of a terminal to electrically connect with the center conductor of the other piece of the coaxial connector and an outer conductive piece to electrically connect with the outer conductor of the other piece of the coaxial connector, and a second component comprised of a ground conductive piece to electrically connect with the outer conductor of the first component, a relay section to elastically connect with the terminal of the first component at least in the axial direction, and a resistive element that is electrically connected with the ground conductive piece and the relay section and electrically connects between the ground connector and the center conductor of the other piece of the coaxial connector.

Abstract: A device to protect electronic circuitry from high voltage transients is constructed from a relatively thin piece of conductive composite sandwiched between two conductors so that conduction is through the thickness of the composite piece. The device is based on the discovery that conduction through conductive composite materials in this configuration switches to a high resistance mode when exposed to voltages above a threshold voltage.

Abstract: An auto resistance device for distribution boxes, which can automatically provide grounding for a cable connector of a distribution box before a cable is connected or remove the grounding after the cable is connected is disclosed.

Abstract: An RF termination load includes a base of an electrically and thermally conductive material having opposed surfaces. A recess is in one of the surfaces of the base and a groove in the one surface extends from the recess to an edge of the base. A resistor is seated in the recess in the base. The resistor includes a substrate of an electrically insulating material having opposed surfaces and a resistance film on one of the surface of the substrate. A first contact of a resistance film is on the one surface of the substrate at one end of the resistor and a second contact of an electrically conductive material is on the one surface of the substrate at the other end of the resistor. The second contact extends over an edge of the substrate and over the other surface of the substrate. The resistor is mounted in the recess with the second contact being seated on and contacting the base. An RF cable has an end in the groove in the base.

Abstract: A frequency dependent resistor in which the length of the current path across the resistor varies as a function of the frequency of the electrical signals being passed therethrough. The resistor uses the principal known as skin effect to direct relatively higher frequency signals through a longer path through the resistor than is experienced by signals having a relatively low frequency.

Abstract: A frequency dependent resistor in which the length of the current path across the resistor varies as a function of the frequency of the electrical signals being passed therethrough. The resistor uses the principal known as skin effect to direct relatively higher frequency signals through a longer path through the resistor than is experienced by signals having a relatively low frequency.

Abstract: The microwave frequency chip resistor assembly is used as a terminating device for a video jack. Such an assembly minimizes inductance variation and eliminate soldering associated with conventional metal film resistors.

Abstract: A low insertion loss, wide bandwidth, microwave switch has a superconducting transmission line that can reversibly go from a superconducting state to a normal state by the application of a DC voltage. When in the normal state, the switch is "off" and microwave signals are attenuated. To reduce the voltage necessary to cause switching, the width of the transmission line is decreased. This decrease in voltage is accomplished in a controlled manner so that there are no spurious reflections produced on the line, resulting in a wide operating bandwidth. Previous microwave switches use other means to switch between superconducting and normal and suffer from disadvantages such as relatively slow switching time, complexity or narrow bandwidths as a result.

Abstract: An electronic component with a substrate (1, 31) of which a surface (4, 34) is provided with a thin-film structure with passive elements (5, 35), with a resistor (6, 36) formed in a layer of resistor material (7, 37), and with a capacitor having a lower electrode (9, 39) formed in an electrode layer (10, 40) provided on the surface, a dielectric (11, 41) formed by a layer of insulating material (12, 41) provided on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode (13, 43) formed in an electrode layer (14, 44) provided on the dielectric. One of the electrodes (9, 43) of the capacitor (8, 38) is formed in an electrode layer (10, 44) which is constructed as a dual layer (19-21, 49-51), of which the layer of resistor material (7, 37) in which also the resistor (6, 36) is formed constitutes a first partial layer (19, 49), on which a layer of conductive material (20, 55) is provided which constitutes the other, second partial layer (21, 51).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an AC termination which includes a substrate having first and second surfaces. A resistor is mounted on the first surface of the substrate. An input termination is at one end of the resistor. At least one plate of a capacitor is on the substrate and is electrically connected in series with the other end of the resistor. In one form of the termination, the capacitor is a metal film on the substrate extending from the other end of the resistor to and across the second surface of the substrate to form one electrode of the capacitor. A dielectric layer is over the metal film and another metal film extends over the dielectric layer to form the other electrode of the capacitor and the output termination of the termination. In another form of the termination, the capacitor is formed on a cover plate which extends over the first surface of the substrate and is electrically connected between the resistor and an output termination.

Abstract: A coaxial type electrical resistor has a cylindrical conductor, a cylindrical insulator inserted into the opening of the conductor and a cylindrical resistor inserted into the opening of the insulator. Since the insulator is between the conductor and the resistor, a distance between the conductor and resistor may be small and magnetic flux leakage reduced. Thus the resistor has a small inductance and is appropriate as a high frequency large current resistor.

Abstract: A directional coupler having coupled striplines provided between ground planes includes dielectric layers having a dielectric constant greater than the dielectric constant of air interposed between the stripline conductors and each of the ground planes, thereby equalizing the propagation velocity of the odd and even modes to improve the directivity of the coupler. A planar termination for a coaxial conductor provides a soft mode change from the coaxial transmission mode to the TEM suspended substrate planar mode of the resistive element in the termination by inserting a planar resistive element into a slot in the coaxial conductor. The soft mode change reduces the reflections associated with a mode change, providing a planar termination which is easier to design and fabricate than a coaxial termination to be utilized.

Abstract: A resistive film attenuator element comprised of a dielectric-mounted resistive film distributed ladder network having tuning stubs, combined in a coplanar structure, to provide a wide band attenuator having a substantially flat frequency response over a wide range of frequencies, for example, from D.C. to 40 GHz.

Abstract: A coaxial cable for coupling radio frequency (RF) signals therethrough with a predetermined, nominal attenuation comprising a center conductor selected to maintain the attenuation of the coaxial cable at substantially the nominal attenuation substantially independently of the frequency of the RF signals over a predetermined frequency range, such as from 2 to 18 GHz. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the center conductor is selected having a nominal volume resisitivity (.rho.) and a nominal permeability (.mu.), with the volume resistivity-permeability product thereof substantially varying inversely with changes in frequency of RF signals coupled through the cable. With such arrangement, a lossy coaxial cable providing substantially constant attenuation over a broad range of frequencies, such as greater than three octaves, is provided having reduced size, complexity and VSWR from conventional lossy cable assemblies comprising a conventional coaxial cable coupled in series with an attenuator.

Abstract: A matched load for an unloaded terminating end of a signal transmission line on a printed circuit wiring board avoids reflecting pulses back down the line. A non-reflective attenuation region is provided under the unloaded terminating end, such region being wedge-shaped and doped to a reduced resistivity, and situated in the silicon substrate of the board. Data pulses at the unloaded terminating end of the transmission line, modulated at the selected operating frequency of the board, are substantially attenuated by the doped region.

Abstract: A signal termination device is illustrated using planar circuit technology for providing both broadband capabilities from DC to over ten gigahertz while maintaining small size and high power dissipation capabilities. This is accomplished by plating a series cascade of resistors and transmission lines such that the sum of the resistors is equal to the desired termination impedance and the impedance of the interconnecting transmission lines is equal to the sum of the remaining resistors between that point and ground. The use of the intervening transmission lines enhances the power handling capability of the resistor elements and enhances uniform power densities in the resistor elements.

Abstract: A microwave absorber, particularly, a microwave absorber intended for use in an electron beam accelerator, having an increased maximum power characteristic. The microwave absorber is formed of a body of dense silicon carbide having a hollow portion and a closed tip end portion. A pipe of high melting point glass or alumina is inserted into the hollow portion. Cooling water is guided through the pipe and circulated through the hollow portion of the body of the absorber.

Abstract: The power handling capacity of a matched coaxial transmission line power divider is increased with a minimum increase in losses by mounting the isolation resistor(s) within the dielectric volume of the coaxial transmission line and on an electrically-insulating resistor contact portion of a thermally-conducting heat sink. A low dielectric constant region is located between the resistor contact portion of the heat sink and the directly adjacent portion of the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission line.

Abstract: A step change in the diameter of the inner conductor or the outer conductor of the transmission line with absorptive material having a shoulder abutting against the step change and tapering toward the opposite conductor with the radius of the absorptive material at the step change being sufficient to provide a characteristic impedance substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of the coaxial transmission line prior to the step change.

Abstract: A rotary step attenuator having a housing and a rotor rotatably mounted in the housing. An array of attenuator elements is mounted on the rotor, appearing in an end view as chords of a circle whose center is at the axis of rotation of the rotor. Each attenuator element has a first surface bearing an electrically conductive pad facing the axis of rotation of the rotor, and additionally there is a blade contact member having a first surface facing away from the axis of rotation mounted in a fixed position relative to the housing and operable to touch a selected one of the conductive pads as the rotor is rotated within the housing. There are no spring biased signal contacts other than the blade contact member itself for effecting electrical coupling between the attenuator elements and the electrical connections to the rotary step attenuator.

Abstract: A continuously variable resistance attenuator is described in which the signal conductor of a distortionless lossy transmission line is employed as an attenuation resistance uniformly distributed along such line, and the connection of an output contact is moved along such signal conductor to change the attenuator setting. The transmission line has a plurality of separate shunt resistors of equal value extending between the signal conductor and the ground conductor of the line and uniformly distributed along the line to provide a lossy line of uniform characteristic impedance. The input end of such lossy line is connected to a non-lossy line of the same characteristic impedance, and its other end is terminated in a termination resistor equal to such characteristic impedance.