Abstract: A resistor unit adapted to be used in a resistor grid assembly. The resistor unit includes a supporting element and a resistor element. The supporting element has an aperture formed therein. The resistor element has a body portion and a tip portion at an end, which is adapted to be received in the aperture to mount the resistor element to the supporting element. Further, a tab extends from the end of the resistor element forming a part of the resistor element. The tab is configured to provide a heat shield between the supporting element and the resistor element.

Abstract: An electric heating device based on a ribbon of crystalline metal foil with high specific resistance, which is additionally treated to increase its plasticity and/or additionally coated with a mold release agent to enhance compatibility of the ribbon and insulating envelope. The ribbon combines high electrical resistance, high stability, sufficient mechanical strength and relative cheapness with very important properties including significant plasticity and compatibility with insulating polymers, including rubber and silicone. The above compatibility provides high reliability and life span. Different structures for flexible and rigid heaters on the basis of this ribbon are described, as are different applications.

Abstract: An electric radiant hotplate includes a base of electrically insulating material and a peripheral crown extending along the outer rim of the base and projecting upwards. A strip of resistive material is inserted in the base and is formed by a sequence of planar lengths and curved lengths connected to respective planar appendices that are inserted in the insulating base. The appendices can be connected to the planar lengths by respective peduncles applied on to the same side edge of the flat strip of resistive material. The appendices can also be either coplanar or not coplanar to the planar lengths and include a first portion connected to the respective planar length of the strip, and at least a second planar portion that is not coplanar with the first portion and is joined to the first portion via a rectilinear border, the first portions being applied on a same side edge of the flat strip of resistive material.

Abstract: The resistor of the present invention comprises a substrate, a pair of electrodes, and a resistor element comprising rectangular sections connected to the pair of electrodes and a S-shaped section disposed between the rectangular sections and is free of trimming portion. At least one of the rectangular sections is trimmed to adjust the resistance. According to the construction of the present invention, a compact resistor of superior surge property can be obtained.

Abstract: The system for the attachment of a heating element in a electric cooking hob comprises a flat electrical element made of a thin resistance alloy strip, a horizontal porous insulating base (4) supporting the heating element (2) and a plurality of feet (3) for attachment to the base (4), which are inserted in said base (4) and hold vertical the element (2) in place. The heating element (2) is same width (w) throughout its length, and stands on the surface of the insulating base (4) without the need for a housing groove, and the fixing are flat feet (3) each one bent along their central vertical zone (3c) coinciding with the element (2) bending, to facilitate the secure attachment of the element (2).

Abstract: A high temperature platinum resistance thermometer and a method of producing such a thermometer. Both a sensor frame and a protective tube are made of mon-crystalline synthetic sapphire, which has a melting point of about 2050.degree. C. and effectively prevents vaporized metal from transmitting through it. The thermometer is thus effectively operated at a high temperature up to about 1500.degree. C. The thermometer is also provided with platinum wires capable of measuring insulating resistance, thus effectively compensating for measuring errors caused by such an insulating resistance.

Abstract: A heating device has a plurality of strip heating portions separated by a plurality of slits. The strip heating portions are connected to one another by connecting portions, thereby forming a heating surface in which a zigzag current path extends. The connecting portions in which uneven-temperature regions exist are bent so as not to be positioned in the same plane as the heating surface, thereby making the heating surface, to be opposed to an object to be heated, to have a uniform temperature.

Abstract: A dynamic braking grid arrangement for reducing EMI generated by dynamic or partial regenerative electrical braking of an electric traction motor powered vehicle coupled to a wayside power source by a third rail or catenary. The grid arrangement comprises a high-power dissipation resistance grid having a plurality of separately defined resistance elements, each having a generally elongate configuration. Mounting means support each of the grid elements adjacent to and parallel with each other of the elements. A plurality of electrical conduction devices connect the elements into an electrical circuit such that current passes through at least one element in a first direction and through at least one adjacent element in a second opposite direction such that EMI generated by any one element is substantially cancelled by EMI generated by an adjacent element.

Abstract: A high power resistor grid assembly formed of a plurality of stainless steel resistor U-shaped elements arranged in a substantially parallel relationship welded together in a continuous path. Each element comprising a slotted rectangular sheet in a U-shape having elongated curved embossments to prevent warpage of the element upon heating. Each U-shaped element has alternately a right and left leg offset to permit end to end attachments of elements while maintaining uniform spacing between the elements. The elements are supported by pairs of double insulated members which are affixed to the top and bottom of a frame with a floating end to permit expansion of the assembly upon heating and contraction upon cooling.

Abstract: A sheet switch comprises a pair of flexible insulative films, one of which is provided with a plurality of electrodes, resistances connected to the electrodes, respectively, and line patterns for externally connecting the electrodes via the resistances. The other insulative film is also provided with a plurality of second electrodes at positions corresponding to the first electrodes, respectively, and a space is defined between each of the facing electrodes. The line pattern is a laminated structure consisting of an underlayer formed of a low resistance paste and an upper layer formed of a high resistance paste coated over the underlayer. The underlayer formed of a low resistance paste is partially disconnected to define a gap, so that the resistance is formed integrally with the upper layer formed of a high resistance paste at a position corresponding to the gap.

Abstract: A resistor grid for diesel electric locomotives and the like has a rigid frame comprising outer metal side pieces and one or more pairs of inner metal side pieces spaced from each other, and columns of resistor ribbon fan-folded between each outer and outermost inner side piece, and between certain inner side pieces. Supporting means interengaging each fold of the ribbons are insulated from and carried on each side by a metal strip which rides on its adjoining side piece so as to accommodate expansion of the resistor ribbon. The ribbon is indented between folds to stiffen it and increase its span and may by provided with a support rod centered between its side pieces. The resistor grid is preferably positioned in forced air cooled resistor banks face-to-face with conventional narrow span grids, and improves the cooling of such conventional banks.

Abstract: An electrical heating element with a heat conductor in the form of meander-shaped windings, in which the individual windings are held in openings separated by solid parts in at least one insulating plate. For stabilization, especially with long, narrow designs of such a heating element, a retaining rail is provided, which extends over the entire width of insulaitng plates and essentially over their length and has tabs bent over along the side edges of insulating plates to grip the plates on both sides.

Abstract: In the assembly two or more strips of resistance material are positioned edge-to-edge and fan-folded between the side members of a frame. The strips are supported at their loops by insulated fixtures and each has a terminal at each end. The strips are embossed or indented between loops so as to form longitudinally extending offsets spaced from each other across the strip. The depth of those offsets is controlled so that the clear space between the adjoining flights is just sufficient to admit a flat metal strip inserted between them crosswise with a portion projecting to form a tap. That tap can be positioned anywhere between parallel flights of the resistor ribbon after the assembly of the unit. A channel-shaped clip fits over the projecting tap and the edges of the adjoining flights of resistor ribbon and is welded to the tap and the flights.

Abstract: A high temperature electrical resistance heater in which an electrically resistive strip is supported so that the strip may freely expand and contract and substantially all of the strip may directly radiate to provide maximum heat transport therefrom. The strip is carried in a serpentine configuration by support blocks which are arranged in abutting relation in spaced, parallel rows. Each block includes a lower portion embedded in a ceramic base and an upper portion extending above the base. The upper portion includes a structural portion which encircles minor portions of the strip to carry it spaced above the base to allow substantially unimpeded radiation from the strip and free strip expansion. Anchors securely hold the support blocks embedded within the base.

Abstract: An electric radiant heater (11) for heating a glass ceramic cooking surface (12) contains a dish-shaped insulator (14), to whose inner bottom surface (18) are fixed heater coils (20). The heater coils have an oval cross-section and are pressed by their narrow sides into surface (18) and fixed. The fixing pressing in takes place during the moulding of the moist insulator (14), made from fibrous material and by means of a male mould receiving the heater coils in slots.

Abstract: A resistance heating element of the ribbon type for use in a high temperature electric furnace. The element has the same curved cross-sectional configuration throughout its entire length to give it strength and stiffness and permits the element to be bent into various patterns without any overlapping portions at the bends. The curved cross-section permits the element to be supported at the bends without the element sagging reducing the amount of heat absorption by the supports and allowing greater exposure of the element.

Abstract: Current sensing resistance apparatus in the form of a single piece, unitary, U-shaped conductor fabricated from thin flat ribbon material to provide two parallel leg portions terminating in opposite bifurcated ends each pair of which are dissimilarly sized thereby forming electrical circuit connecting elements.

Abstract: A high temperature electric furnace has along its side walls vertical hollow electric resistance heating tubes (57) interconnected in serpentine fashion by conductive bridge plates (55). The tube ends and bridge plates are so contoured as to provide substantially uniform resistance along all possible current paths, thereby to avoid preferential current conduction with localized overheating. The bridge plates (55) and/or the tube ends are supported by air-cooled hollow hangers (28,45).

Abstract: An electrical radiation heater for a glass ceramic plate, which serves as a cooking plate, comprises an electrical heating strip mounted on an insulating sheet. The heating strip is slit alternately from opposite edges to give it a zig-zag shape and is bent or curved so that it undulates in serpentine fashion. The strip is laid edge-on onto the insulating sheet and anchoring tabs integral with the strip penetrate the insulating sheet. The insulating sheet is laid on an insulating layer which is received in a flat bottomed supporting dish or tray and which is made from a good thermally insulating as well as electrically insulating material.

Abstract: A material heating furnace with a heating element formed of corrugated metal strips which are spaced at one of the ends thereof by a jumper strip which is welded or otherwise fastened to the metal strips. Also, terminals are provided which are slotted so as to alleviate stresses due to bending.

Abstract: An electric igniting element as used in automobile cigar lighters, jet engine igniters and like devices, comprising a spirally wound tight coil made of metal heater ribbon which is transversely formed to have a cross-sectional configuration roughly similar to a wide-spread letter "V" but with a flattened bottom portion and two beaded edge surfaces along one side, which greatly facilitate the coil winding process, effect a greater uniformity, extend the range of coil stock that can be handled while at the same time resulting in a nesting and interlocking of the convolutions that not only provide a mutual support of the same but also produce a small coil having a high metal density.

Abstract: A heater comprising a metallic tubular sheath in which an elongate electrical center conductor is coaxially disposed therewithin. A fibrous, inorganic electrical insulation material is wrapped around the center conductor and an electrical resistance heating element surrounds the enwrapped center conductor, the heating element being coaxial with the center conductor and electrically connected thereto with the heating element and the conductor being adapted to be connected to a source of electrical power to energize the heating element. Other electrical insulation material is disposed between the heating element and the sheath to electrically insulate the heating element from the sheath and to provide a conductive heat transfer path between the heating element and the sheath. A method of manufacturing a heater is also disclosed.

Abstract: A frame supported grid resistor having a plurality of resistors of the ribbon type has located between adjacent ribbon resistors, strips of conductive material containing nonconductive bushings which engage and separate the adjacent ribbon resistors.

Abstract: A precision resistor wherein the resistor wire is deposited in a sinuous pattern on the adhesive surface of a thin, flexible tape of electrical insulating material. In winding the tape onto a multibobbin coil form the intermediate flanges of the coil form have a flat portion of reduced radius. A coil of tape is wound on one bobbin with the adhesive side against the bobbin and is passed over the flat portion of an intermediate flange. At the crossover the tape is pressed to conform to the shape of the flange and then passed around the axial body of the adjacent bobbin to commence the winding of the next coil of tape on the adjacent bobbin.

Abstract: A generally rectangular, self-supporting, unitary high temperature electrical resistance heater adapted for generally horizontal suspension within a high temperature furnace in which the heating element is composed of a flat resistor ribbon folded to form a series of continuous and substantially parallel beam-like heater segments disposed in grate-like fashion. The ribbon heater segments are retained in their parallel configuration by a plurality of refractory insulators disposed between and supported solely by the beam-like segments. The resulting furnace heater offers advantages of light weight, high radiation efficiency and minimum thermal inertia.

Abstract: In a copying machine a toner-image-bearing copy carrier moves in a predetermined direction along a predetermined path. A fixing arrangement fixes toner images by fusing the toner thereof. The fixing arrangement includes a heating winding having a plurality of turns and a holding arrangement for holding the heating winding. The holding arrangement comprises a plurality of discrete holding units each engaging and holding at least one respective one of the turns of the winding. The discrete holding units are arranged in two spaced groups. The turns of the heating winding extend in a plurality of stretches from one group of holding units to the other in the direction of the transport path and serve to heat the toner on copy carriers passing therealong.

Abstract: A ceramic insulator having sidewalls, a front wall and a back wall with an outwardly extending mounting shoulder at the upper end of the front and back walls; a passageway extending between the sidewalls of the insulator to form an open interior portion within the insulator which receives a ribbon heating element and a slot in the front wall connecting with the open interior portion of the insulator for insertion of a ribbon heating element into the open interior portion; a bearing surface within the open interior portion to support a ribbon heating element; and an elongated radiused rib extending outwardly from each sidewall below the bearing surface to provide curved contact surfaces for a ribbon heating element.