Abstract: A multiple stage open coil electrical resistance heater uses a unique coil configuration on either side of a dividing support plate so that the air passing through the heater is heated uniformly when one or more stages of the heater are energized. The coil configuration also creates a termination zone on one side of the heater so that the terminations of the coils can be situated on the cool side of the heater. The heater coils also includes specially configured terminals to facilitate connection to power using an elongated member such as a stud or bolt.

Abstract: An open coil electrical resistance heater uses a number of offset insulators to support the coil of the heater. The offset insulators configure the run of coil in a sinusoidal shape to hold the insulators in a more secure manner and reduce vibration and noise generation during heat operation. The sinusoidal configuration of the coil also reduces the problem of shadowing of portions of the resistance wire coil.

Abstract: The invention refers to an electric heater for a clothes dryer, said heater comprising at least one heating wire, a ring shaped support structure carrying the at least one heating wire. The at least one heating wire is a flat wire bent into loops.

Abstract: Radiation module for thermal or UV irradiation processing procedures with a large number of radiation sources essentially adjacent and parallel to one another for electromagnetic radiation whose main effective range is in the UV spectrum, visible spectrum, and/or near infrared (NIR) part of the spectrum, particularly at wavelengths between 250 nm and 1.5 ?m, whereby each of the radiation sources possesses an elongated central section, two bent ends, and two bent sections connecting the ends with the central section, and a reflector and cooler body bearing the radiation sources, whereby the reflector and cooler body possesses two end reflector sections assigned to the bent sections of the radiation source from the straight elongated main section to the ends formed as one piece.

Abstract: A heater including a plate-shaped substrate having a heating surface for heating an object and a heater element provided in the substrate or on its surface. A central axis C2 of a circumscribed circle of the heater element and a central axis C1 of the substrate are not on the same axis and a gap exists between the axes. When manufacturing the heater, a central axis C1 of a resistant heater is specified, thermal uniformity of the heating surface of a preliminary substrate is evaluated, and a central axis C2 of the substrate is specified. The central axis C2 is specified at a position where the thermal uniformity of the heating surface is superior to a case where the central axis C2 of the substrate is located on the central axis C1. Then a substrate having the central axis C2 is formed by subjecting the preliminary substrate to grinding processing.

Abstract: The substrate (2) containing the via-hole (3) is inserted into an electrophoretic cell (1) and an electrode (6) (the “first electrode”) is placed on top of a first orifice of the via-hole(s) (3), to be implemented with electrical component(s), so that the electrode (6) totally covers the first orifice. Electrically charged either conductive and/or non-conductive particles are provided by immersing the volume of the via-hole(s) (3) in a conductive medium (17) consisting of the electrically charged particles. An electric field is created between the first electrode (6) and a second electrode (4) through the via-hole(s) (3) and the conductive medium (17) and the electrically charged particles are precipitated on the inner surface of the first electrode (6) that is directed to the second orifice of the via-hole(s) (3), until a desired portion of the volume of the via-hole(s) (3) is filled with a first layer of the charged particles having a desired thickness.

Abstract: An electric heater for gaseous media with at least one support plate and at least one helix of corrugated, electric resistance heating wire wound continuously around the support plate and whose turns are held by means of heating wire bend-offs on the longitudinal edges of the support plate is characterized in that the heating wire is positioned in such a way that it only contacts longitudinal narrow sides and/or edges of the longitudinal narrow sides of the support plate, the bending angle being much larger than 40°. This significantly reduces the risk of thermal damage to the heating wire, particularly in the vicinity of the plate edges. As a result of the largely naturally stable design of the heating wire, the heater according to the invention requires no spacers between the support plates and is therefore particularly simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

Abstract: An infrared radiation lamp that includes an electrically heated filament and a reflector. The filament is a high temperature element that is wound to a helical configuration. The helical filament is free-standing at operating temperatures, and it is positioned in an open reflector made from a ceramic material.

Abstract: An insulating support structure for a helical wire heating coil for an electric resistance heating element includes a plurality of insulating standoff members supported by a metallic support frame. The insulating standoffs each include a pair of wedge portions that are used to separate the individual convolutions of the helical wire heating coil. Located inwardly from each of the wedge portions are a pair of V-shaped coil grooves sized to receive a portion of an individual convolution of the helical wire heating coil. A retainer tab extends into and forms one surface of the coil groove such that the wire heating coil contacts the retainer tab and a pair of contact surfaces that define the coil groove. The insulating standoffs are each supported by an arm contained on the support frame. Each of the arms includes a pair of tines which combine to form an open slot within the arm. The insulating standoff is captured between the tines by a pair of locking projections on the outer end of the tines.

Abstract: An insulating support structure for a helical wire heating coil for an electric resistance heating element includes a plurality of insulating standoff members supported by a metallic support frame. The insulating standoffs each include a pair of wedge portions that are used to separate the individual convolutions of the helical wire heating coil. Located inwardly from each of the wedge portions are a pair of V-shaped coil grooves sized to receive a portion of an individual convolution of the helical wire heating coil. A retainer tab extends into and forms one surface of the coil groove such that the wire heating coil contacts the retainer tab and a pair of contact surfaces that define the coil groove. The insulating standoffs are each supported by an arm contained on the support frame. Each of the arms includes a pair of tines which combine to form an open slot within the arm. The insulating standoff is captured between the tines by a pair of locking projections on the outer end of the tines.

Abstract: An electric element mounting system including a housing and at least one heating element. Each element includes a frame having a longitudinal axis and a distal end, a heating coil and a wire terminal for electrically and mechanically coupling the element to the front panel. A substantially planar mounting bracket is located within the housing; the bracket including at least one aperture. The bracket is located within the housing and placed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame so that the distal end is placed through the aperture to mount the element upon the bracket.

Abstract: An insulating support structure for a helical wire heating coil for an electric resistance heating element includes a plurality of insulating standoff members supported by a metallic support frame. The insulating standoffs each include a pair of wedge portions that are used to separate the individual convolutions of the helical wire heating coil. Located inwardly from each of the wedge portions are a pair of V-shaped coil grooves sized to receive a portion of an individual convolution of the helical wire heating coil. A retainer tab extends into the coil groove such that the wire heating coil contacts the retainer tab and a pair of contact surfaces that define the coil groove. The insulating standoffs are each supported by an arm contained on the support frame. Each of the arms includes a pair of tines which combine to form an open slot within the arm. The insulating standoff is captured between the tines by a pair of locking projections on the outer end of the tines.

Abstract: A modular type heating unit or assembly having particular utility for use in a high temperature electric furnace, preferably in a group arrangement, comprises an insulating fibrous refractory block, a pair of spaced apart support rods, inner and outer support tubes and a heating element. Both the heating element and the support rods are formed of alloys to enable operation at relatively high temperatures. By utilizing this concept of modular element/insulation units, furnaces can be operated at relatively higher temperatures than is currently possible for exposed electrical element type furnaces.

Abstract: An heater includes an electric heating coil that extends above the sidewalls of an air flow channel. The coil is formed in sections that extend transversely to the channel and are spaced by the width of a coil section to allow two heaters to be arranged face to face for shipping. This arrangement is very efficient because one of the heaters provides protection to the coil of the other of the heaters to reduce packaging costs.

Abstract: A support assembly for an open coil heating element including a planar mounting plate having longitudinally spaced and offset cutouts therethrough with a separate insulator positioned within each cutout by sequentially introducing the insulator through the cutout and longitudinally shifting the insulator within the cutout to overlie the upper and lower surfaces of the mounting plate. The two insulators are locked within their mounted positions within the cutouts by a locking frame affixed to the mounting plate and abutting against the insulators to preclude movement of the insulators from their mounted positions.

Abstract: The improved heating coil support and insulation mechanism of the present invention is intended for use in regard to electrical heating assemblies which include heating coils supported and electrically insulated by means of coil support insulators, and each of which includes an insulator body and coil engagement means attached to the insulator body for engaging the convolutions of the heating coil. In the improvement of the present invention support rods have a locking projection disposed from a longitudinal surface thereof. The insulator body has a pair of support rod apertures extending therethrough, which have a rod support locking projection accommodation slots therein for initially receiving passage therethrough of the locking projection of the support rod.

Abstract: An insulating support for a helical wire heating coil for an electric resistance heating element includes a coil supporting notch into which a single helical coil turn is inserted and locked into position without twisting the coil and without unduly stretching the coil in an axial direction. The supporting notch includes lead-in ramp surfaces to spread the two halves of the coil turn until the coil is centrally positioned in the notch, whereupon the coil turn snaps into locking engagement with four separate abutments to prevent dislodgement. A central portion in the notch includes a separate coil supporting surface that limits further movement of the coil into the notch and the notch also includes interior lateral abutment surfaces to engage the outside of the coil turn and prevent lateral movement in the notch. The faces of the support body adjacent the notch are engaged by opposite half portions of the coil turn to preclude axial movement of the coil once it is locked in position.

Abstract: A longitudinally flexible electrical heating element for a dryer is provided which permits the heating element to be inserted into and removed from a vertical air inlet conduit located behind the dryer drum from the front of the dryer. A front panel of the dryer is removed and the heating element is inserted or removed through an inlet aperture in the air inlet conduit which opens into the interior of the cabinet.

Abstract: An insulator for a coil-type electric resistance heater is disclosed in which the insulator has inclined side faces forming the outer end of the insulator angling inwardly toward one another with side notches in the insulator at the base of the inclined side faces and a central notch in the outer end of the insulator between the two inclined side faces. The distance between the center notch and the outer ends of the inclined side faces is less than the spacing of the adjacent convolutions of the heater element coils so that upon aligning one convolution with the central notch and upon moving the insulator inwardly toward the axis of the coil, the one convolution will be received in the center notch and the adjacent convolutions will be wedgingly engaged by the side faces of the insulator so as to resiliently spread the convolutions such that the adjacent convolutions will snap into the side notches.A method of installing an electrical resistance heater on a plurality of insulators is disclosed.

Abstract: An electrical resistance heating assembly having specially designed electrical insulators is disclosed. The electrical insulators have arms shaped to retain an electrical resistance heating coil which can be quickly, easily, and reliably mounted on the arms of the insulator. Top parts of the arms are generally rectangular or triangular in cross section and the arms are spaced and configured relative to each other to form a generally T-shaped opening between the arms, with the ends of the cross bar of the T-shaped opening forming electrically resistance heating coil retention surfaces. Also, cuts in side surfaces of the insulators may provide additional coil retention surfaces.

Abstract: A heater is disclosed having an elongate wire heating element with the heating element including at least two generally parallel runs supported on a frame by insulators with the portion of the heating element consituting the runs being formed generally in a helical coil and with the portion of the heating element between the runs being referred to as a turnaround. Specifically, the turnarounds are of non-helical coil construction and have at least one loop therein between the insulators supporting adjacent runs of the heating element thereby to permit limited movement between the adjacent runs and to permit thermal expansion and contraction of the turnarounds without applying a substantial force to the insulators.

Abstract: An electric heater incorporating simple support structure therefor. A frame is insulated from an electric resistance heater coil by insulated supports mounted within beam members of the frame. The supports incorporate structural features enabling the use of simplified supporting beams. The support insulators include additional structural features for retaining the resistance wire in place and for simplified engagement therewith. The insulators may project on both sides of the support beams and retain heater wires in two planes. The support insulators further provide an integrated structure easily fabricated and simply assembled to the frame.

Abstract: An electrode for a liquid rheostat comprises a plurality of globally annular elements arranged successively and electrically connected together two at a time. The annular elements progressively decrease in size. The electrode can be formed from a continuous metal strand wound in a spiral, the turns of the strand forming the annular elements. A liquid rheostat including such electrodes is particularly suitable for starting an electric motor as it produces a gradual start up characteristic.

Abstract: A discharge resistor adapted to be mounted on a rotatable shaft of a dynamo-electric device comprises a pair of spirally wound, insulated resistor elements and means for supporting these elements approximately coaxially with the shaft. Each of the resistor elements is spirally wound in a flatwise manner with a bore having an effective diameter greater than that of the shaft, and insulation layers are provided between adjacent turns thereof. The resistor elements are arranged and connected electrically in series such that the inductive impedance appearing across the respective resistor elements effectively cancel each other.

Abstract: The coiled resistance heating wire is supported on electrical insulating stand-offs in a figure 8 pattern on each side of a metallic radiation panel. The radiation panel and the figure 8 arrangement of the coil each contribute to increased heat transfer to air flowing axially down the assembly in a duct and in combination result in even more efficient heat transfer.

Abstract: A resistor type arc welding machine comprises a housing capable of containing a cooling liquid; first and second main resistors serially connected to each other, the free end of the first resistor being connected to the current line of an alternating current source and the free end of the second resistor being connected to a holder for a welding electrode; one or more taps from intermediate points along said first and second main resistors, which taps may be connected, preferably through respective by-pass resistors, to the said holder instead of the free end of said second main resistor, to provide higher amperage outlets; and a direct line whose first end is connected to ground and whose second end is connected to the work piece to be welded, in order to complete the electrical circuit and to produce the welding arc; the above mentioned main resistors being arranged in an open and perforate support fixed in said housing such that the resistors will be continuously and completely submerged in the cooling liq

Abstract: An electric resistance unit characterized by a support rod with a plurality of insulating refractory bodies thereon, which bodies have grooves to fit the rod, a continuous resistance winding mounted around the bodies, and flexible metal mounting means in the groove and between the rod and the bodies for retaining the bodies on the rod.

Abstract: Electric toaster with a toasting chamber which has heaters on at least two broad sides and is terminated by crosswise walls on two narrow sides, wherein the heaters have insulating parts supporting heater conductors and are supported by the crosswise walls. The crosswise walls have vertical slots or slits and the heaters are placed by inserting the insulating parts of the heater into the slots.

Abstract: An electrical resistance heater comprises a unitary ceramic coil support and mounting member having a horizontally elongated coil support portion around which a helical coil of conductive wire is wound and a vertically downward extending leg portion at each end thereof extending through apertures in a mounting plate. The leg portions have vertical slots therein receiving terminal posts extending through the mounting plate and the leg portions being further provided with horizontal grooves therein receiving deformable portions of the mounting plate to rigidly connect the support member thereto.

Abstract: A probe-like temperature sensor assembly has a body carrying thereon a length of electrical resistance wire coiled thereabout and having ends of such coiled resistance wire electrically connected to respective terminal means; the resistance wire changes its electrical resistance in response to the temperature of such wire resulting primarily from the heat communicated thereto from the sensed environment; the portion of the body about which the resistance wire is coiled is provided with a slot-like or relieved portion as to accommodate for difference in the rates of thermal expansion in the materials forming the body and resistance wire as to thereby preclude the mechanical fracturing of the resistance wire by the body which would otherwise occur due to a comparatively excessive rate of thermal expansion in such body.

Abstract: A fault current limiting resistor for high energy dissipation includes a frustro-conical support structure where the resistor wire is wound on the support structure in the form of a three dimensional spiral. This provides optimum voltage clearances even when the wire may sag due to thermal expansion.

Abstract: An electric air heating appliance includes a housing defining an air flow path in which is positioned a resistance heater assembly which includes a plurality of air vanes for reducing air swirling. The heater assembly includes a semi-rigid assembly of mica plates in a cruciform arrangement and stiffened by use of a corrugated resistance heating element helically wound about the plates. An improved terminal means provides a tap intermediate the ends of the helical heating element. Additional terminals means are provided for connecting the ends of the heating element to a power source. The terminal means, which are in the form of metallic strips defining extending leg segments, cooperate with an impeller fan tube surrounding an air impeller in the housing to support and captivate the heater assembly in the housing.

Abstract: Heating for a vibratory spiral conveyor used to react powdery and gaseous substances is accomplished by an expanded metal resistance heater element positioned between adjacent turns of the conveyor.

Abstract: A power resistor including a resistance element of metal ribbon formed into an edgewound helix, and an internal three-point support structure axially disposed within the interior of the helix. The support structure includes three insulating assemblies each having a plurality of insulators secured by longitudinal compression springs to a support bar. The support structure also includes a pair of spreaders located at opposite ends of the helix, each having three radially extending arms. Assembly of the resistor includes the steps of inserting the insulating assemblies into the interior of the helix, radially spreading the insulating assemblies against the interior of the helix, and welding the ends of the support bars to the extending arms of the spreaders.