Abstract: A flexible resistor including a support made of electrically insulating material; at least one track made of an electrically conductive material incorporated in the support, and configured to be connected to an electric energy source; a foil made of electrically conductive material, having a surface fixed to a first face of the support, and a plurality of wings defined by foil portions cut and folded transversally to the surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for cooling an electrical device, and more specifically, to a heat exchanger for cooling an electrical device, in which the tube-type cooling path parts may be coupled in multi-stages, the assembling of the electrical device and the cooling path part during the multi-stage coupling is easy, and cooling of both surfaces of the electrical device is possible through tight coupling between the electrical device and the cooling path part.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid-cooling device, including a shell, wherein the shell includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a front plate, a rear plate and two opposite side plates, and form an accommodating space. At least one water inlet pipe is disposed on the top plate of the shell and communicates with the accommodating space. At least one water outlet pipe is disposed on the front plate of the shell and communicates with the accommodating space. A plurality of heat-dissipating fins is disposed in the accommodating space. A partition plate is disposed in the accommodating space. The partition plate forms at least two flow passages in the accommodating space.

Abstract: A sensor device has a ceramic carrier substrate. At least two conductor tracks are arranged on the carrier substrate. The sensor device has at least one ceramic component that is in the form of a chip and is connected to the conductor tracks in an electrically conductive manner. The at least one ceramic component is mechanically connected to the conductor tracks by means of a screen printing paste which has been burnt in.

Abstract: A load resistor device for a generator driven by a turbine in a fluid string wherein the load resistor is provided with at least one electrical element in heat conducting connection with the turbine driving fluid. Also described is a method for use of such a device.

Abstract: A smart link in a power delivery system includes an insulator, which electrically isolates a power line, and a switchable conductance placed in parallel with the insulator. The switchable conductance includes switchgear for sourcing, sinking, and/or dispatching real and/or reactive power on the power line to dynamically in response to dynamic loading, transient voltages and/or currents, and phase conditions or other conditions on the power line.

Abstract: This present invention provides a high power water-cooling resistor used for high voltage direct current converter valve, which adopts water-cooling directly. It is characterized by that there are four resistance films, the resistance layer with required resistance, wherein the power of each resistance film can be up to 1500 w at least to form high power resistor. The water flows through one side of resistance film-substrate to take away the heat produced by resistor. The resistor adopts insulated cooling. The thermal resistance between resistor and water is extremely low, and the heat transfer area is also large, the temperature of the resistor declines greatly at the same power. It makes the high power water-cooling resistor have high power to volume ratio; its power can be up to 6 kW under adequate water flow condition. It is suitable for high power condition. The inside space of resistor body is large, so there are some advantages when water cut off is test.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for discharging an energy storage system for electrical energy, particularly in a vehicle having a hybrid drive line, by means of a first discharge resistor, wherein a coolant such as carbon dioxide gas is provided to the first discharge resistor during discharge of the energy storage system for leading off heat as well as a hybrid vehicle comprising such an arrangement.

Abstract: The metal foil resistor having a metal foil resistive element 20 composed of a metal foil whereupon a resistance circuit pattern is formed. The metal foil resistor comprises: a package 10 which contains the metal foil resistive element 20 in an electrically insulated state so that the resistive element can be expandable and contractible in a spreading direction of the metal foil; and a relay terminal 26 which is held in the package 10 in the electrically insulated state and is connected to an electrode 20a of the metal foil resistive element 20. A temperature coefficient of resistance can be reduced and stabilized. Control factors can be reduced to increase degrees in freedom in designing. Further, an external stress applied to a package is prevented from transmitting to the metal foil resistive element, and therefore the package can be easily attached to a discretionary heat sink.

Abstract: A resistor arrangement with resistor elements is specified that are arranged essentially regularly and that are spaced apart from each other and that are interconnected by a flexible substrate. According to a first preferred embodiment, intermediate spaces that are provided to carry a flow of flowing medium are arranged between the resistor elements. According to a second preferred embodiment, the resistor elements are arranged between two flexible substrates and are rigidly connected to these substrates. According to a third preferred embodiment, an electrically insulating adhesive layer that has openings through which the resistor elements are conductively connected to the substrate is arranged between the resistor elements and the substrate. According to a fourth preferred embodiment, the substrate is composed of, as a ground material, an elastic plastic that is filled with electrically conductive particles. In addition, a method for producing the resistor arrangement is specified.

Abstract: A technique is disclosed for cooling resistive elements, such as brake resistors used in motor drives, as well as other resistors. A phase change heat spreader is thermally coupled to the resistive element and a continuous phase change cycle takes place in the heat spreader to extract heat from the resistive element. The element and heat spreader may be packaged as a modular unit or may be integrated into a system.

Abstract: According to a first preferred embodiment, a resistor arrangement with resistor elements is specified whose first electrodes are conductively connected to each other by means of a flexible, conductive connection element that is curved. The connection element has changes in curvature in the regions arranged between two adjacent resistor elements. According to a second preferred embodiment, a resistor arrangement with resistor elements is specified that are connected to each other by a flexible connection element. The resistor elements each have an arrangement of slot-like recesses.

Abstract: A smart link in a power delivery system includes an insulator, which electrically isolates a power line, and a switchable conductance placed in parallel with the insulator. The switchable conductance includes switchgear for sourcing, sinking, and/or dispatching real and/or reactive power on the power line to dynamically in response to dynamic loading, transient voltages and/or currents, and phase conditions or other conditions on the power line.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for discharging an energy storage system for electrical energy, particularly in a vehicle having a hybrid drive line, by means of a first discharge resistor, wherein a coolant such as carbon dioxide gas is provided to the first discharge resistor during discharge of the energy storage system for leading off heat as well as a hybrid vehicle comprising such an arrangement.

Abstract: An automotive heat, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system including an electrical control module for controlling the motor of the system. The module includes a connector base supporting a circuit board having spaced side edges extending into the housing. The circuit board having a first leg extending from the base and through a curved section and into a second leg to a distal end spaced from the base with an electrical circuit extending over the exterior of the first leg and over the curved section and over the second leg. The circuit board includes an offset section between the base and the first leg for centralizing the legs on the base.

Abstract: An improved high-power resistor comprising a housing which can be or is traversed by a cooling medium and in which one or more resistance elements are provided.

Abstract: A technique is disclosed for cooling resistive elements, such as brake resistors used in motor drives, as well as other resistors. A phase change heat spreader is thermally coupled to the resistive element and a continuous phase change cycle takes place in the heat spreader to extract heat from the resistive element. The element and heat spreader may be packaged as a modular unit or may be integrated into a system.

Abstract: A power stack includes cooling pipes and semiconductor modules which are alternately laminated. Each cooling pipe includes an inside space dissected into cooling passages in which coolant flows. Both surfaces of the semiconductor module in a laminating direction are brought into contact with surfaces of neighboring cooling pipes. The semiconductor modules are classified into a plurality of groups mutually differentiated in their heat generation rates. And, any two semiconductor modules belonging to the same group having the highest heat generation rate are spaced from each other so that a cooling pipe is not sandwiched between these semiconductor modules in the laminating direction.

Abstract: A high power resistor includes a resistance element with first and second leads extending out from the opposite ends thereof. A heat sink of dielectric material is in heat conducting relation to the resistance element. The heat conducting relationship of the resistance element and the heat sink render the resistance element capable of operating as a resistor between the temperatures of ?65° C. to +275° C. The heat sink is adhered to the resistance element and a molding compound is molded around the resistance element.

Abstract: The invention relates to a resistor arrangement (1), especially for current measurement in a vehicle electrical system, with two plate-shaped connection elements (6, 9) separated from each other and a plate-shaped first resistive element (2), which is arranged between the two connection elements (6, 9) and is electrically and mechanically connected to these elements. According to the invention, at least one of the other plate-shaped resistive elements (3), which are separated from the first resistive element (2) and which are arranged between one of the two connection elements (6, 9) of the first resistive element (2) and another connection element (10) is connected electrically and mechanically to these connection elements (6, 10).

Abstract: A resistor for driving a motor for an air conditioner blower is provided, in which internal resistance bodies are stacked over one after another between insulation plates in the resistor, to accordingly reduce the volume of the entire of the resistor is reduced, and the resistance bodies are separated into a plurality of metal thin plates not a single plate and stacked over one after another, to thereby increase a line width. Also, a temperature fuse is disposed externally. The air conditioner fan blower motor driving resistor is obtained by stacking resistance bodies made of at least two metal thin plates over one after another. The resistance bodies are formed of an independent resistance body forming a second resistance body and a third resistance body on two separate thin plates, and another independent resistance body forming a first resistance body on another thin plate.

Abstract: An inductor obtained by laminating a plurality of ceramic layers having an internal coil conductor, and a thermistor obtained by laminating a plurality of ceramic layers having internal electrodes and having a predetermined resistance-temperature characteristic are laminated via an intermediate insulating layer. Both ends of the internal coil conductor of the inductor and the internal electrodes of the thermistor are connected to a pair of external electrodes. Thus, the inductor and the thermistor are connected in parallel.

Abstract: Resistor bank cooling apparatus 1 has an enclosure 2 surrounding a resistor bank 4. At least one first vane 6 directs into the enclosure 2 air flowing past an open side 12 thereof, which open side 12 is not a side facing the direction from which the air flowing past the enclosure 2 flows. The resistor bank 4 has a resistor element 22 which functions as at least one airflow directing baffle. The or each first vane 6 and the or each baffle are each disposed thereby to create an air flow through the enclosure 2 which achieves a sufficiently even cooling of the resistor bank 4. At least one second vane 60 to the side of the or each first vane 6 remote from the open side 12 captures and deflects into the enclosure 2 air which ‘bounces off’ the closed facing sides.

Abstract: A monolithic resistor is provided with a central resistive metallic foil strip positioned between and attached to a pair of wings formed from an electrically conductive metallic foil. The wings include large surface areas to dissipate heat. A plurality of terminal pins are formed in the conductive strips for connection to an integrated circuit board, as well as a current source.

Abstract: A fan speed controller of an automotive vehicle air conditioning device is usually placed in an air flow duct to be effectively cooled. Thus, compact construction of the speed controller is needed to obtain a larger air flow in the air flow duct. For this purpose, various compact resistor units for the speed controller have been proposed. However, some of them are poor in durability against shocks. In view of this, a compact resistor unit for a speed controller includes a resistor block that has a flat resistor, a flat insulating plate and a flat radiation plate which are respectively positioned against one another. The compact resistor unit further includes a holder block of molded plastic on which the resistor block is mounted. The compact resistor unit also includes a plurality of metal terminals partially embedded in the holder block, where the terminals are connected to particular portions of the flat resistor.

Abstract: PTC thermistors are used in reversible short circuit current limiters, in particular in series connection with electrical valves and/or capacitors. An electrically insulated, thermally conductive insulation or ceramic layer (20) is in contact electrically and with good thermal conduction via a first main surface with a metallic cooling element (25). A second main surface of the ceramic layer (20), opposite the first main surface, is covered with an electrically insulating thermal-conduction layer (21) having a thickness in the range from 10 .mu.m-100 .mu.m. Meandering tracks (16) of the resistive body of the PTC thermistor (5) are pressed between this thermal conduction layer (21) and an electrically insulating, preferably thermally conductive, flexible high-temperature stable polymer film (22). In order to provide pressure, a pressure compensation cushion (23) on which a force (F) orthogonal to the second main surface of the ceramic layer (20) acts, may be provided.

Abstract: A resistor comprising a substantially continuous resistor element being formed into a plurality of element panels with each panel having at least two holes provided therein. Adjacent element panels are connected in series by a bend in the resistor element. At least two support tubes comprising an insulating material are provided to support the resistor element. A plurality of conductive washers are provided adjacent each hole on both sides of each element panel to provide a conductive heat sink near each support tube hole in the element panels. Insulating washers are spaced between adjacent conductive washers. Two end walls are provided adjacent opposing sides of the resistor element to receive the support tubes.

Abstract: A fan speed controller of an automotive vehicle air conditioning device is usually placed in an air flow duct to be effectively cooled. Thus, compact construction of the speed controller is needed to obtain a larger air flow in the air flow duct. For this purpose, various compact resistor units for the speed controller have been proposed. However, some of them are poor in durability against shocks. In view of this, a compact resistor unit for a speed controller includes a resistor block that has a flat resistor, a flat insulating plate and a flat radiation plate which are respectively positioned against one another. The compact resistor unit further includes a holder block of molded plastic on which the resistor block is mounted. The compact resistor unit also includes a plurality of metal terminals partially embedded in the holder block, where the terminals are connected to particular portions of the flat resistor.

Abstract: Solderless RF power film resistor and termination assemblies which include a flat film resistor or termination pressed by a nonmetallic clamping plate into thermal contact with a base plate functioning as a heat sink. A substrate such as a BeO ceramic substrate provides an RF power film resistor or termination, and has a flat mounting surface positioned against a flat mounting surface of the base plate. A clamping plate clamps the ceramic substrate securely against the base plate, thereby eliminating a soldered interface connection between the flat mounting surfaces of the ceramic substrate and the base plate. The clamping plate includes at least one lug, and the base plate includes at least one lug hole. The lug is larger than, and is plastically deformed into and through the hole to clamp the flat surface of the ceramic substrate securely against the flat surface of the base plate. The hole in the base plate preferably includes an undercut shoulder through and around which the lug is plastically deformed.

Abstract: A package (10) has outermost surfaces (12, 13, 14, 16) that form a polygon shape. The body (11) of the package (10) has axial symmetry about an axis (21). A lead (22) exits the package along the axis (21).

Abstract: A resistor device can be cheaply produced without a troublesome processing and without a complicated manufacturing process, obtaining a construction which has a stable efficiency. The resistor body 24 which can change a resistance value by selecting a plurality of end portions is clamped between a pair of the insulation sheets 31a, 31b. Moreover, both of these insulation sheets 31a, 31b are clamped between a pair of cover plates 32a, 32b. The end portion of the resistor body 24 is connected to the electric conductor piece 26 fixed to the base 25 and the first, second, and fourth terminals 27, 28, 30. The fuse 43 is provided between the electric conductor piece 26 and the third terminal 29.

Abstract: A liquid cooled, heavy duty resistor including a housing and a resistor element. The resistor element is arranged inside a chamber defined by the housing. The resistor element and the housing form a rectangular duct through which a cooling liquid flows from an inlet to an outlet. The chamber is defined by two insulating plates and an insulating ring. The resistor element is a bifilar wound spiral strip conductor and is clamped between two insulating plates such that the cooling liquid flows through the rectangular duct. The liquid cooled, heavy duty resistor can remove a high dissipated power in a small space, has low inductance, and has a low resistance value.

Abstract: A thermal type flow rate sensor comprising a sensor chip having a rectangular shape. The sensor chip is supported between supporting pins through ribbon-like leads connected to opposite ends of the sensor chip. The ribbon-like leads serve to correctly locate the surface of the sensor chip with respect to flow of fluid. The surfaces of the sensor chip is formed with a thin film heater. A heater portion of the thin film heater comprises a plurality of straight portions and a plurality of turn portions connecting the straight portions to each other. Each turn portion is formed in a smoothly curved shape to avoid the concentration of electric currents and is disposed at an end portion of the sensor chip which has a comparatively low temperature. This structure is effective in preventing generation of cracks in the turn portions. In addition, the plurality of straight portions are alternatively inclined to effectively utilize the surface of the sensor chip to form a long heating portion.

Abstract: A chip resistor whose resistive element provides a power density of at least 20 watts per square inch is provided with an air gap between the resistance element and the electrical contact junctions of the conductive strips electrically connected to the resistance element and terminals attached to the chip resistor. The air gap has a length approximately 70% of the distance between opposing edges of the planar body forming the chip to so restrict heat flow as to prevent the electrical contact junctions from exceeding a temperature of about 175.degree. C. when the resistive element is at a temperature of 350.degree. C. or more.

Abstract: A resistor element for determining a parameter, including a ceramic support, an electrically resistive body formed on the ceramic support, at least one lead wire electrically connected to the electrically resistive body, and an adhesive containing platinum for securing the lead wire(s) to the ceramic support. Each lead wire includes a wire rod having a lower thermal conductivity than platinum, and a covering layer which covers the wire rod and is formed of an alloy including platinum as a major component.

Abstract: A pair of plates of good heat and electric conductivity have a plurality of openings and a plurality of foraminous areas. The plates are secured to one another with the openings and foraminous areas of the two plates aligned with one another. The plates are connected to terminals of opposite electrical polarity and are insulated from one another. A plurality of perforated PTC thermistor elements are clamped between the plates and in electrical contact therewith. Each element is aligned with openings in the plates. The openings and foraminous areas are so disposed that the openings associated with the elements are surrounded on at least two sides by foraminous areas.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled power resistor contains at least one resistive conductor which is arranged in a closed housing directly in de-ionized water employed as the cooling liquid or coolant. The resistive conductor is advantageously secured in diaphragms which not only serve as holding facilities for holding the resistive conductor, but also deflect or turn the cooling liquid. The resistive conductor is normally connected to two terminal pins. There also can be used a third terminal pin which taps the center or mid-point of the resistive conductor, so that there are available two ohmic values of the power resistor. The power resistor ensures for an effective and uniform removal of heat or thermal energy and possesses a high thermal capacity. The arrangement has a low inductance. The power resistor is particularly suitable for the wiring of thyristors in static converter installations.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled electrical assembly containing an arrangement for cooling at least one electrical component under current flow. In this assembly, liquid coolant flows into an inlet in the cooling arrangement and the heated-up coolant is removed through an outlet. In order to increase the power handling capacity of such an arrangement over that of known arrangements having similar dimensions, a cooler is constructed from sheet-like or layer-like cooling elements, each of which have an entrance or inlet opening and an exit or outlet opening for the liquid coolant. The cooling elements are stacked together in alternating fashion with the electrical components so that the entrance openings and exit openings of the cooling elements are in direct connection with the inlet and outlet of the whole cooler. This kind of assembly will find many preferred applications when they are constructed as resistors or power semiconductors.

Abstract: A low voltage, high continuous current DC switch assembly is provided having integral switch operating means with the switch and a resistance means which is fluid cooled. This switch assembly is particularly adapted to function as a shunt switch assembly connectable between generally parallel spaced apart electrical terminals which extend from or are connectable to an electrochemical cell. The switch assembly is modular in that a plurality can be assembled together as electrically parallel shunt paths.

Abstract: A circuit for protecting a pair of dynamic brake resistors when either of two motors driving fans for cooling the resistors fails. A sensing circuit couples the terminal of the two motors to a switch circuit. The sensing circuit reduces the energy to the switch circuit which removes power to the resistors when the sensing circuit senses a failure in one of the motors.