Abstract: Disclosed is a sludge processing system having a centrifugal separator which concentrates the sludge and a furnace which heat-treats the concentrated sludge, and allows the automatic control in which the operational condition of the centrifugal separator is set to the optimal condition in accordance with the operational state of the furnace. The control device sets a variable range of a differential speed between the bowl and the screw conveyor of the centrifugal separator, and performs a variable control of the differential speed so that the measurements concentration moisture of the concentration sludge achieves a moisture content requested by the furnace within the variable range, when the measurements concentration moisture of the concentration sludge maintains the moisture content requested by the furnace for a certain period of time being previously set, changes a control value of the centrifugal force.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sludge processing system having a centrifugal separator concentrating the sludge and a furnace heat-treating the concentrated sludge. It allows automatic control in which the operational condition of the centrifugal separator operates under optimal conditions according to the operational state of the furnace. The control device sets a variable range of a differential speed between the bowl and screw conveyor of the centrifugal separator, and variably controls the differential speed so concentrated sludge convey torque of the screw conveyor achieves a torque corresponding to a moisture content requested by the furnace within the variable range, when the differential speed varies within a certain previously set range and the concentrated sludge convey torque of the screw conveyor maintains the torque corresponding to the moisture content requested by the furnace for a certain period of time being previously set, changes a control value of the centrifugal force and the torque.

Abstract: A method of controlling a spray dryer apparatus having a spray dryer chamber (1), an air inlet (2), an inlet air control system (11) including a fan (13) and an air heater (14), a feed inlet (3), and an exhaust air outlet (4), comprising determining a content (Y) of moisture of inlet air, determining an inlet air temperature set value (Tinlet) in dependence of the inlet air moisture content (Y), determining an inlet air temperature measured value of inlet air between the air heater (14) and the spray dryer chamber (1), and regulating the inlet air temperature in dependence of the inlet air temperature set value and the inlet air temperature measured value, and determining an outlet air temperature of the exhaust air and regulating an inlet air flow rate in dependence of the outlet air temperature.

Abstract: Raw meal sludge is dried in a vapor flow dryer by circulating exhaust vapor through a steam circuit which, prior to introduction thereof into the lower part of the dryer, is heated by indirect heat transmission from gaseous flows from a pre-heating system from a gas cyclone of a clinker production line. A partial vapor flow corresponding to water evaporated during raw meal sludge drying is removed from the steam circuit and extracted in the form of a condensate after increasing the vapor temperature by a vapor compressor and the passage of vapor arranged in the dryer over a heating surface of a vapor condenser. The sludge is sprayed into the lower part of the dryer where water is evaporated by the heat of the circulating exhaust vapor and heat from the condenser heating surface. Dried raw meal is separated from the exhaust vapor in a cyclone separator.

Abstract: A method for drying sludge comprising the following steps: (a) Dry dehydrated sludge to obtain a carrier for drying sludge (6); (b) Transport the carrier for drying sludge (6) and dehydrated sludge to be dried (1) to a stirring and mixing apparatus (2) for stirring and mixing and thereby obtain mixed sludge; (c) Transport the mixed sludge (3) to a drying apparatus (4) for drying; (d) Repeat steps (b) and (c); characterized in that in said step (d) a portion of the mixed sludge (3) obtained from the stirring and mixing apparatus (2) which is in an amount determined by amount of sludge carrier (6) required for drying is extracted and transported to the drying apparatus (4) for drying and the rest of the mixed sludge is discharged as final product (7).

Abstract: A drier apparatus for removing water or other liquids from various materials includes a mixer, drying chamber, separator and regenerator and a method for use of the apparatus. The material to be dried is mixed with a heated media to form a mixture which then passes through the chamber. While passing through the chamber, a comparatively cool fluid is passed counter current through the mixture so that the mixture becomes cooler and drier and the fluid becomes hotter and more saturated with moisture. The mixture is then separated into drier material and media. The media is transferred to the regenerator and heated therein by the hot fluid from the chamber and supplemental heat is supplied to bring the media to a preselected temperature for mixing with the incoming material to be dried. In a closed loop embodiment of the apparatus, the fluid is also recycled from the regenerator to the chamber and a chiller is utilized to reduce the temperature of the fluid to a preselected temperature and dew point temperature.

Abstract: A biosolids treatment system comprising a storage tank for containing a quantity of biosolids sludge, a system of disinfection piping within the storage tank comprised of a segment of inner biosolids piping having a plurality of holes spirally arranged at a desired spacing around its perimeter concentrically arranged with a segment of outer steam piping, delivery pumps for delivering a quantity of biosolids to the storage tank, biosolids pumps for delivering a flow of biosolids from the storage tank to the inner biosolids piping; and steam pumps for delivering a flow of steam to the outer steam piping and thereby injecting a flow of steam from the outer steam piping into the inner biosolids piping for thermally disinfecting the flow of biosolids in the inner biosolids piping. The system includes computerized controls for continuously and simultaneously monitoring and operating the biosolids and steam pump means.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for drying and deagglomerating substances of finely-divided solids suspended in a fluid medium. The apparatus includes the basic components of a phenumatic friction dryer, a flash dryer and a ring dryer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for treating sewage sludge or similar organic sludge in which dewatered sludge cake and an alkaline admixture are mixed and then dried under pasteurization conditions utilizing heat from the exothermic reaction with the alkali, in which drying is effected by extraction of moisture evaporated from the mixture by the exothermic heat.

Abstract: This invention is related to a wet gas process which would not require a spray pump, and which would allow the absorption liquid to be recovered smoothly even if the flow velocity of the gases entrained to the liquid should decrease. A wet gas processing apparatus in which the absorption liquid collected in the first liquid storage tank is sprayed in a specified direction (which may be upward, horizontal or downward) by a discharge unit consisting of spray nozzles (14) or the like in the absorption tower. The sprayed liquid is brought into contact with the exhaust gases which are conducted into the tower, and the targeted components of the gases are absorbed and removed. This processing apparatus is distinguished by the following. The first liquid storage tank for the absorption liquid comprises a pressure tank (11) which generates a pressurized gas in the space above the surface of the collected liquid (11a).

Abstract: In a process for drying sewage sludge or sludges of similar consistency, use is made of a device (13) in which vapors arising during contact drying are introduced to at least one compression stage. This stage compresses the vapors to a higher pressure and impurities are separated therefrom. The cleaned and compressed vapors are introduced into the device (13) for contact drying as a heating medium. In this manner, the energy consumed inside the operated installation is used more efficiently to dry the sewage sludge and a considerably improved energy balance is thereby achieved.

Abstract: A process for drying a wet material in a drying system includes supplying a current of heated gas to a dryer from a combustion chamber. The material is exposed to the current in the dryer. The dried material is separated from the current of heated gas. The current of heated gas is split into a first stream of heated gas and a second stream of heated gas after the dried material has been separated. The first stream of heated gas is introduced into the combustion chamber so that the first stream is further oxidized therein. A third stream of heated gas is removed from the combustion chamber. The third stream includes at least a portion of the first stream. The second stream of heated gas is introduced into the combustion chamber so that it makes up a portion of the current conveyed to the dryer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for continuously drying, preferably with agglomeration and/or coating and sizing, and separating a solid product from a liquid feed material, especially bauxite slurry which passes through a very sticky phase during drying, without significant encrustation of the equipment used.

Abstract: A combination product cooling and flux management apparatus is mounted above a reflow soldering oven. The apparatus has a sealed housing with four openings: an ambient air inlet, an ambient air outlet, a recirculating gas inlet and a recirculating gas outlet. The recirculating gas blower is mounted in a first end of the housing and draws air into the recirculating gas inlet, through a recirculating gas side of a gas-to-gas heat exchanger and out the recirculating gas outlet, where it is recirculated through a product cooling chamber and back into the recirculating gas inlet. The ambient air blower is mounted in a second end of the housing and draws air into the ambient air inlet, through an ambient air side of the gas-to-gas heat exchanger and out the ambient air outlet to the surrounding atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for decontaminating both soil and mixed waste water polluted by hydrocarbons in a single integrated process is disclosed. Contaminated mixed waste fluid is separated into water and hydrocarbons which are then used in the thermal decontamination of polluted soil through the volatilization of hydrocarbon contaminants. Flue gases containing the volatilized hydrocarbons from the thermal soil decontamination undergo oxidation. Thermal energy from the soil decontamination process and the thermal oxidization of the flue gases can be recovered and used to facilitate the separation of hydrocarbons and water. In this integrated system, every by-product of each step is either decontaminated or consumed in another operation of the system. Energy conservation within this system is also realized by the use of heat exchangers to transfer energy from where it is created by the process to where it is used elsewhere to enhance efficiency within the process.

Abstract: An agglomerated powder is produced in an apparatus where the product is agglomerated in two stages. First, a liquid concentrated feed of the product is atomized by an atomizer in a drying chamber. The fine particles are transferred to a separating device to be split up in a first and second fraction. The first of these is led to the atomizer in the drying chamber to perform a first agglomeration and the resulting agglomerates are accommodated in an external fluid be in the drying chamber and from this transferred to an external fluid bed. Also the second fraction is transferred to the external fluid bed where water by a second atomizer is atomized over a fluidized layer of agglomerates to perform a second agglomeration of product.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to drying and heating processes and to an apparatus incorporating a pulse combustion device that can be used in a drying system or in a heating system. In general, the apparatus includes a pulse combustion device for the combustion of a fuel to produce a pulsating flow of combustion products and an acoustic pressure wave. The pulse combustion device has a combustion chamber connected to at least one resonance tube. A resonance chamber surrounds at least a portion of the pulse combustion device and includes a nozzle downstream from the resonance tube. The nozzle accelerates the combustion products flowing therethrough and creates a pulsating velocity head. In a drying system, the nozzle exits into a drying chamber where the combustion products contact a feed stream.

Abstract: A method for treating sludge by dewatering to form thick sludge and drying to form dry sludge includes the steps of mechanically predewatering thick sludge to produce predewatered thick sludge and mixing the predewatered thick sludge with non-cooled dry sludge to produce a sludge mixture. The temperature of the sludge mixture to be dried is measured and the dry substance contents of the dry sludge based on the measured temperature is determined. Fluctuations in the dry substance contents of the dry sludge are compensated by controlling the amount of recirculated dry sludge to be mixed with the predewatered thick sludge as a function of the temperature of the sludge mixture to be dried. The sludge mixture is dried to produce dry sludge and a portion of the dry sludge is recirculated to be mixed with the predewatered thick sludge.

Abstract: In a process for drying material in a drying system, a first current of heated gas is supplied to a first dryer from a corresponding first combustion chamber. Material to be dried is exposed to the first current in the first dryer. The dried material is separated from the first current of heated gas. The first current of heated gas is split into a first stream of heated gas and a second stream of heated gas after the dried material has been separated. The first stream is introduced into the first combustion chamber so that the gas generated in the first combustion chamber and the first stream are combined to constitute the first current of heated gas. At least a portion of the second stream is introduced into the second combustion chamber. A second current of heated gas is supplied to a second dryer from the second combustion chamber. The portion of the second stream introduced into the second combustion chamber constitutes a portion of the second current.

Abstract: A method of converting industrial, domestic or other sludge, into a pelletized or granular fertilizer, as well as a sludge converter for practicing the method. The sludge is dewatered to form sludge cake solids which are dried in a dryer, and then sorted with a sorter into a sorted product comprising oversized, undersized, and standard sized product. Oversized product containing fibrous material is reduced in size by grinding in a hammermill. A portion of the sorted product is recycled for mixing and sizing in a mixer with the dewatered sludge cake solids. To control dust and odors, cyclones and a condenser remove a substantial portion of the gaseous particulate matter and condensable gases from the converter, and any remaining noncondensates are burned in the heat source flame. A waste oil burning heat source supplies heat energy to the dryer.

Abstract: A process and apparatus which mixes yard waste and municipal waste sludge to form fuel, fertilizer, or animal feed supplement. The yard waste and sludge are thoroughly mixed in a mixer and fed into a thermal dryer. A portion of the dried material is then fed back to the mixer to raise the solids content of the mixture entering the dryer and control the solids content of the mixture exiting the dryer. It is preferable to reduce the particle size of the yard waste to shreds or to the consistency of a meal before mixing with the sludge. Yard waste considered usable in this invention is grass, leaves, wood from pallets, and waste grains.

Abstract: A method of converting industrial, domestic or other sludge, into a pelletized or granular fertilizer, as well as a sludge converter for practicing the method. The sludge is dewatered to form sludge cake solids which are dried in a dryer, and then sorted with a sorter into a sorted product comprising oversized, undersized, and standard sized product. A portion of the sorted product is recycled for mixing and sizing in a mixer with the dewatered sludge cake solids. To control dust and odors, cyclones and a condenser remove a substantial portion of the gaseous particulate matter and condensable gases from the converter, and any remaining noncondensates are burned in the heat source flame. A waste oil burning heat source supplies heat energy to the dryer.

Abstract: The present publication discloses a method and an apparatus for drying the fuel used for firing a fluidized-bed boiler (1). The hot, inert solids of the fluidized bed are circulated by a regulated rate from the furnace (2) to a simple dryer (11) incorporated into the fuel feed line (7) to the boiler (1), whereby the fuel is dried and steam is generated. By virtue of controlled bed solids recirculation, a constant temperature of the dryer (11) can be maintained, thus permitting the omission of all heat transfer surfaces from the dryer (11). The nearly clean steam released from the drying process is routed from the dryer (11) to useful applications. (FIG.

Abstract: A system used to recycle remnant fiberglass that has been removed from bobbins by water jets. The fiberglass recycling system includes a conveyor system for transporting the fiberglass to a centrifuge which dewaters wetted fiberglass. A detector having photoelectric devices is positioned at a discharge end of the conveyor system to detect dimensions of clusters of fiberglass conveyed past the discharge section of the conveyor. The detector is connected to a control unit which calculates the approximate amount of fiberglass conveyed past the detector and deposited into the centrifuge. In response to the amount of fiberglass detected, the control unit directs the operation and timing of the recycle system by selectively controlling the speed of the centrifuge and by placing the conveyor system between a discharge mode and an accumulation mode.

Abstract: A system is described for producing small uniform pellets of predetermined size which are substantially free of fines from mechanically dewatered sewage sludge. The system includes a process and apparatus for mixing the dewatered sludge with previously dried, recycled particles of said sludge, drying said mixture in a thermal drier, separating a substantial portion of the dried solids from the drier off gas, clarifying said separated solids to separate the pellets of predetermined size, oversize pellets, and undersize pellets and particles, mechanically crushing the oversize pellets and admixing the crushed oversize pellets with the undersize pellets and particles, and recycling said mixture by mixing said mixture with incoming dewatered sludge to the drier.