Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate treating method for treating a substrate with a directed self-assembly material applied thereto. The substrate treating method includes a heating step and a cooling step. The heating step includes heating the substrate to perform phase separation of the directed self-assembly material by maintaining an interior of a treatment container in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere and placing the substrate at a heating position. The cooling step includes cooling the substrate by maintaining the interior of the treatment container in the non-oxidizing gas atmosphere, placing the substrate at a cooling position further away from the heating unit than the heating position, supplying non-oxidizing gas into the treatment container, and exhausting gas within the treatment container.

Abstract: In a substrate pre-baking device, a baking box housing includes a baking chamber in an interior space of the baking box housing, wherein an opening corresponding to a side door is arranged on a lateral side of the baking box housing. The side door is arranged at the opening of the baking box housing. A heating structure is arranged in the baking chamber. A hot air curtain device is arranged at the side door of the baking box housing. When the side door is opened, the hot air curtain device is configured to form a hot air curtain for isolating the baking chamber from outside environment at the opening of the side door.

Abstract: A substrate cooling apparatus is configured to include: a mounting table including a mounting surface for mounting a substrate thereon; a projection provided on the mounting surface for supporting a rear surface of the substrate; a coolant flow path through which a coolant flows, provided in the mounting table for cooling the mounting surface; a plurality of gas discharge ports provided in a circumferential direction at a peripheral edge portion of the mounting surface for discharging a cooling gas for cooling the substrate; a gas suction port provided at a center portion of the mounting surface for sucking the cooling gas; and a groove provided in the mounting surface for diffusing the cooling gas in a circumferential direction of the substrate. The substrate cooling apparatus configured as described above can cool the substrate mounted on the mounting surface with high uniformity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the vacuum drying of capillary porous bulk materials. The method involves preheating of the material, its loading into the vacuum drying chamber having heating elements followed by cycle-by-cycling heating of the material and vacuum creation in the rapid vacuum impulse action mode with stage-by-stage single or multiple reduction of pressure in the range from 0.1 MPa to 0.0001 MPa followed by the exposure to vacuum unless the material temperature is stabilized. Said cycles are repeated unless the required material moisture is achieved. Cooling of the material is performed in the same drying chamber by alternating cooling in spouted bed and vacuum impulse action. The device comprises two vacuum chambers cone-shaped at their bases with heaters mounted inside them, material loading/unloading system, one or several receivers with pumps connected in parallel to them and connected via vacuum pipeline system with quick-acting valves to the drying chamber inlet.

Abstract: A method for controlling the operation of a dryer comprising dispensing a treating chemistry from a dispensing system into a treating chamber of the dryer based on an output from the environmental drying sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a dryer and a method of controlling a cleaning operation thereof that are capable of supplying moisture into a drying chamber of the dryer to wet contaminants in the drying chamber and blowing air to the wetted contaminants to remove the contaminants. The method includes supplying moisture into a drying chamber to wet contaminants in the drying chamber and removing the contaminants wetted by the moisture.

Abstract: An improved method for the treatment of wood in preparation for manufacture of wooden items comprising the steps of first heat treating the wood and then fashioning the wood into a finished item, whereby the resulting wooden item is darker, harder, more weather and rot resistant, and more stable than items fashioned from untreated wood.

Abstract: The group of inventions relates to a method and a device for wood heat treatment and can be used for building and in the wood work and timber and furniture industries. The inventive method consists in controlling a heat-treatment process by forming control actions corresponding to parameters of current information inputted in the form of control signals into a computer system for determining the optimal values of the process parameters. The inventive device comprises a control cabinet which is provided with a computer system for controlling and programming a process and is connected to electrically driven shutters. Said invention makes it possible to improve the quality of treatable wood.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drying apparatus capable of satisfactorily drying a workpiece by using a dry vapor The drying apparatus has a control device for controlling a supply of a carrier gas and a supply of a dry vapor into a processing tank holding workpieces. A drying process carries out a carrier gas supply step of supplying the carrier gas and a mixed fluid supply step of supplying a mixed fluid prepared by mixing the carrier gas and the dry vapor alternately. A total mixed fluid supply time for which the mixed fluid supply step is executed is not shorter than 57% of a total processing time for which the carrier gas supply step and the mixed fluid supply step are executed.

Abstract: In a body of a film-thickness measuring apparatus (1), an organic contamination remover (3) for removing organic contamination adsorbed onto a substrate (9) is provided. The organic contamination remover (3) includes a chamber body (31), an interior of which is kept clean. In the chamber body (31), a hot plate (32) for heating the substrate, a cooling plate (33) for cooling the substrate, and a transfer arm (34) for moving the substrate (9) from the hot plate (32) to the cooling plate (33) in the chamber body 31, are provided. With this structure, it is possible to keep the substrate (9) in a clean atmosphere within the chamber body (31), to thereby suppress re-adsorption of organic contamination onto the substrate during a time period from a time when organic contamination adsorbed onto the substrate (9) is removed to a time when cooling is completed.

Abstract: A reactor defines a reaction chamber for processing a substrate. The reactor comprises a first inlet for providing a first reactant and to the reaction chamber and a second inlet for a second reactant to the reaction chamber. A first exhaust outlet removes gases from the reaction chamber. A second exhaust outlet removes gases from the reaction chamber. A flow control system is configured to alternately constrict flow through the first and second exhaust outlets. The reactor chamber is configured to for a diffusion barrier within the reaction chamber.

Abstract: This invention is a method for producing a cerium-based abrasive which includes: a step of grinding raw material for the cerium-based abrasive; a step of roasting the ground raw material; and a step of subjecting the roasted raw material to wet processing, the method being characterized in that it further includes a lower-temperature re-roasting step of heating the wet-processed raw material at 200 to 700° C. In the invention disclosed in this application, an abrasive with particularly preferable properties can be produced by fully drying the wet-processed raw material in a drying step, and subsequently subjecting the dried raw material to the lower-temperature re-roasting step.

Abstract: In an apparatus for a treatment of a wafer at elevated temperatures, the wafer is taken out of the reactor after heat treatment with the help of a mechanical transport apparatus which preferably grips the wafer around the circumference and on the under side. The transport apparatus includes a wafer surrounding ring. The wafer is placed in a floating wafer reactor where it is cooled in a controlled manner. Transport for further action or treatment then takes place.

Abstract: A method for comletely drying polished nails without any smudging or nicking. The method utilizes first warm air and then very cold air followed by a brief return to warm air. The warm air of the initial step uses air at a temperature of approximately eighty-five degrees Fahrenheit for approximately four minutes. The very cold air has a temperature of approximately thirty-five degrees and is blown for approximately two minutes. The last step utilizes the initial heating temperature of eighty-five degrees Farenheit but for only fifteen seconds.

Abstract: A grain dryer control system uses the grain dryer discharge temperature to account for moisture reduction in the grain as it cools after discharge from the dryer. The control system includes moisture and temperature sensors and a means to control the discharge of grain from the grain dryer. Given a grain discharge temperature, a control temperature and a moisture reduction factor as a function of temperature, the control system calculates an expected moisture reduction in the grain as the grain cools. Grain is discharged from the dryer when the target moisture content after cooling added to the expected moisture reduction in the grain as the grain cools meets the measured grain moisture content in the dryer.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method for treating wood in order to prevent or control the occurrence of stains such as sapwood stains, the method comprising a step of heating green wood in a moisture-saturated environment until the wood core temperature is in a range of about 60 degrees C. to 95 degrees C., followed by a step of gradually cooling the wood, wherein the wood is maintained in an environment with moisture contents ranging from 95% to 100% during said cooling step.

Abstract: A process for drying/heat-treating nonwoven webs in which the web is partially dried under tension in a first drying zone and further heat treated under low tension or in a substantially tensionless state a second drying zone. The process significantly reduces the occurrence of stretch-type defects in the nonwoven webs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for subjecting a substrate on which a coating film is formed to heat processing, and the method comprises the steps of heating the substrate to a predetermined high temperature and decreasing the temperature of the substrate to a predetermined low temperature, wherein in the step of decreasing the temperature of the substrate to the low temperature, a first step of decreasing the temperature of the substrate from the predetermined high temperature to a predetermined intermediate temperature and a second step of decreasing the temperature of the substrate from the intermediate temperature to the predetermined low temperature are performed separately.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heating and cooling a substrate are provided. A chamber is provided that comprises a heating mechanism adapted to heat a substrate positioned proximate the heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism spaced from the heating mechanism and adapted to cool a substrate positioned proximate the cooling mechanism, and a transfer mechanism adapted to transfer a substrate between the position proximate the heating mechanism and the position proximate the cooling mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preserving wood, said process comprising the following steps: (1) a modification step in which wood is heated to the modification temperature and is maintained at that temperature for a specific time; (2) a cooling step in which the wood is cooled; characterized in that the wood is heated and cooled by means of heating elements which are positioned in-between the wood. Prior to the modification step, a drying step can be carried out. According to further embodiments, the process is characterized in that one or more of the steps takes place under vacuum in a sealed chamber. Preferably, a pressure is applied to the wood during the steps, with the option of varying said pressure during the process. The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the process.

Abstract: Apparatus, method and system for the treatment of a wafer. After a treatment at elevated temperature, a wafer is taken out of the reactor in question with the help of a mechanical transport apparatus which preferably grips the wafer around the circumference and on the under side and consists of a wafer surrounding ring. The wafer is then placed in a floating wafer reactor where it is cooled in a controlled manner. Transport for further action or treatment then takes place.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum valve including a lid, a depression defined on the lid, a boss formed on the lid at a bottom of the depression, a rotary cover rotatably arranged in the depression, and a closure member detachably coupled to the rotary cover.

Abstract: A process for the heat treatment of lignocellulosic material where the material is perheated and dried at a temperature close to the vaporization temperature of water, heated in a reducing atmosphere and cooled by the injection of water vapor.

Abstract: A cooling system and method are provided for cooling a heater block located in a cylindrical processing chamber of a wafer processing apparatus. The cooling system includes first and second frame assemblies having respective ends adapted to rest on an upper peripheral surface of the processing chamber, and fan assemblies mounted to the frame assemblies at spaced locations therealong. A first pair of fan assemblies are directed to push air into the processing chamber, and a second pair of fan assemblies are directed to pull air out of the processing chamber. The fan assemblies are arranged such that they circulate ambient air through the processing chamber to provide a rapid cooling of the heater block to a safe working temperature. The frame assemblies have an adjustable length that can be adjusted to fit processing chambers having different sizes and configurations.

Abstract: A method for cooling metal components highly heated in a chamber includes effecting a uniform cooling of an entire metal component. The metal component has regions each with a given mass, some of the regions having a larger mass than others of the regions. Housings are provided around regions with the relatively larger masses. The regions are subjected to the inert cooling gas in a controlled manner to a differing extent based upon the mass size. The housings are individually subjected separately with the inert cooling gas. A treatment device for cooling metal components includes a reservoir for holding inert cooling gas and a chamber for receiving a metal component to be cooled. The chamber is connected to the reservoir and has a housing for each of the regions with the larger mass. Each of the housing has an inlet orifice separately connected to the reservoir.

Abstract: A method for dehydrating wooden material includes step 1 to cut wooden material into sections; step 2 to soak the wooden material in oil and to heat the oil; step 3 to soak the wooden material in step 2 in boiling water to resolve the gluey material in the wooden material; step 4 to cool the wooden material in step 3; step 5 to remove gluey particles on surface of the wooden material, and step 6 to dry the wooden material in step 5.

Abstract: Apparatus, method and system for the treatment of a wafer. After a treatment at elevated temperature, a wafer is taken out of the reactor in question with the help of a mechanical transport apparatus which preferably grips the wafer around the circumference and on the under side and consists of a wafer surrounding ring. The wafer is then placed in a floating wafer reactor where it is cooled in a controlled manner. Transport for further action or treatment then takes place.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for cooling semiconductor substrates prior to handling. In one embodiment, a substrate and support structure combination is lifted after high temperature processing to a cold wall of a thermal processing chamber, which acts as a heat sink. Conductive heat transfer across a small gap from the substrate to the heat sink speeds wafer cooling prior to handling the wafer (e.g., with a robot). In another embodiment, a separate plate is kept cool within a pocket during processing, and is moved close to the substrate and support after processing. In yet another embodiment, a cooling station between a processing chamber and a storage cassette includes two movable cold plates, which are movable to positions closely spaced on either side of the wafer.

Abstract: A cooling unit reduces the temperature of heat shrink tool holders and extensions to ambient temperature. The cooling unit includes a housing with a removable cooling tray. The cooling tray is formed with a plurality of receptacles configured to accommodate a heat shrink tool holder or extension. Additionally, a blower is disposed within the housing for propelling a flow of ambient temperature air over the cooling tray to cool the heat shrink tool holders or extensions to ambient temperature. The blower in the cooling unit may be an axial fan with an axial inlet in fluid communication with the ambient temperature air and a radial outlet to direct the flow of air over the cooling tray. Additionally, the housing may further includes a damper disposed between the radial outlet of the fan and the cooling tray for selectively regulating the flow of air over the cooling tray.

Abstract: A method for drying and/or curing a traveling web including a RF generating means for delivering RF through field and RF stray field to the web to heat the web, air bars to direct air flow to the web for cooling to facilitate emission of moisture therefrom and to avoid blistering due to overheating, an RF field generator to reflect RF energy to the web, and a control system to monitor and to control air temperature and/or flow, RF field strength, and/or web temperature to maintain a balance between heating and cooling to obtain efficient high speed drying while avoiding damage to the web.

Abstract: A vacuum sealed preservation container comprises a container main body and a lid made of a synthetic resin which is heat resistant and cold resistant and has microwave permeability, in which the lid has on the upper surface thereof a check valve constituted such that gases in the container flow out only in one direction to the outside of the container through a vent hole and a packing mounted in a packing case disposed in contiguous with the circumferential edge thereof, and the container is constituted such that the lid and the container main body are in airtight contact with each other by way of the packing.

Abstract: A method of preparing an adsorbent which contains a medium, which medium may comprise water. The medium is removed from the adsorbent by a hot regeneration gas, and the adsorbent is then cooled, wherein heat recovered during said cooling is used to heat the regeneration gas in a heat accumulator/exchanger. In order to improve the dewpoint characteristics of the dried gas, the adsorbent is passed successively through the following zones:an adsorption zone in which the adsorbent adsorbs the given medium;a regeneration zone in which the regeneration gas is passed through the adsorbent; anda cooling zone in which heat is withdrawn from the adsorbent, to be transferred to the heat accumulator/exchanger. An apparatus suitable for carrying out the described method is also described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that prevents premature drying of a layer of a water-based coating composition on a substrate are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing and regenerating an adsorbent material which material contains a medium (particularly moisture). The medium is removed from the adsorbent material by a hot regeneration gas, following which the adsorbent material is cooled. In order to improve the energy efficiency ("energy balance") in a process for drying a humid gas, particularly humid air, it is proposed that regeneration offgas be passed through the adsorbent material immediately before the adsorbent material is subjected to (final) regeneration, the regeneration offgas having a lower temperature than the hot regeneration gas.

Abstract: A method of printing a material web includes the steps of applying ink to the material web, subsequently drying the material web with the use of heat and subsequently drying the material web, and, after cooling and prior to further processing, moistening the material web while simultaneously applying heat to the material web, and subsequently once again cooling the material web. An apparatus for carrying out the method includes, in a travel direction, a printing unit, a drying section following the printing unit, a cooling section following the drying section, a moistening section following the cooling section, and an after-cooling section following the moistening section.

Abstract: A method of printing a material web includes the steps of applying ink to the material web, subsequently drying the material web with the use of heat and subsequently drying the material web, and, after cooling and prior to further processing, moistening the material web while simultaneously applying heat to the material web, and subsequently once again cooling the material web. An apparatus for carrying out the method includes, in a travel direction, a printing unit, a drying section following the printing unit, a cooling section following the drying section, a moistening section following the cooling section, and an after-cooling section following the moistening section.

Abstract: A method of treating coal. The method comprises passing the coal through a retort having a shell temperature of about 500.degree.-1000.degree. F. and shock heating the coal to a maximum surface temperature of about 500.degree.-1000.degree. F. without allowing the coal to become exothermic. The coal is prevented from going exothermic by a combination of factors, including the evaporation of moisture from the shock heated coal, the tendency of coal to absorb heat and maintain a temperature of about 390.degree.-570.degree. F. until the coal undergoes molecular transformation of complex hydrocarbons contained in the coal to simpler forms, and the effects of a cooling blanket gas passed through the shock heated coal. The blanket gas preferably comprises an oxygen lean blanket gas stream containing about 2-8% oxygen by volume. The treated coal exhibits extremely low moisture content and increased BTU value and other improved combustion characteristics.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for cooling warm granular product. The apparatus includes a grate system having a first grate overlying and second grate. The first grate has a plurality of parallel generally spaced apart members, whereas the second grate has a plurality of parallel equally spaced apart beams. The first and second grate reciprocate relative to each other between a first position in which the product is retained on the grate system and a second position in which the product flows through the grate system. Each of the members in the first grate includes an air flow deflector defining a primary and secondary air outlets for dividing a flow of air into primary and secondary air streams. When the grates are in their relative second position, the secondary air stream is increased to minimize fluidization of the pellet product as it flows through the grate system.

Abstract: The removal of organics and volatile metals from soils using thermal desorption comprises moving contaminated materials, positioned on a belt conveyor, through a chamber (32) under oxygen conditions, temperature conditions, and residence time effective to substantially avoid incineration of the contaminants, while volatilizing the contaminants and producing a processed material that is substantially decontaminated, where the volatilized contaminants are carried from the chamber (32) by a transport gas which is passed through a packed tower (70) where quench/scrubbing liquid flows countercurrent to gas flow, for producing a substantially cleaned gas and a contaminated liquid concentrate. The gas may be passed through a further gas cleaning system (86) prior to discharge into the atmosphere, while the liquid concentrate is passed through a water treatment system (90) for producing substantially cleaned water which may be passed through an air cooler (92) and recycled back to cool the processed material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating (recycling) lacquer coagulum containing lacquer overspray and layered silicate containing coagulating agents, in which the layered silicate containing paint coagulum is vacuum dried, processed at low temperatures and then ground, and to the use of the processed paint coagulum as a basic component, additive, or filler in lacquers and paints, building materials, sealing materials, car underseal compositions or adhesives.