Abstract: The substrate treating apparatus includes a drying chamber in which an organic solvent remaining on a substrate is dissolved by using a fluid, and a recycling unit including a separator for separating the organic solvent from the fluid discharged from the drying chamber to recycle the fluid. The separator includes a distiller in which a fluid containing an organic solvent having a first concentration is introduced, a heating unit heating a fluid containing an organic solvent having a second concentration discharged from the distiller, and supplying an evaporated fluid containing an organic solvent having a third concentration into the distiller, and a condensation unit liquefying a fluid containing an organic solvent having a fourth concentration discharged from the distiller. The organic solvent has the second concentration, the first concentration, the third concentration, and the fourth concentration which are successively lowered in concentration.

Abstract: An incinerator (20) for disposing of boil-off gas on an LNG carrier comprises a combustion section (40) wherein the boil-off gas admitted at (42) is burned in the presence of combustion air admitted at (44), producing a flame (46) and combustion products (C). Dilution air (A) is delivered into the combustion section (40) and mixed with the combustion products (C) to produce a diluted mixture (M). The combustion section (40) has an inner wall (48) and an outer wall (50) together defining a first passage (52) through which the dilution air (A) is passed before being mixed with the combustion products (C), whereby the dilution air A cools the combustion section (40). The dilution air A in the first passage (52) also provides a thermally insulting layer limiting radial heat transmission from the combustion section (40). A proportion (AP) of the dilution air is mixed directly with the combustion products (C).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rationalizing the allocation of the heat energy generated from catalytic combustion process for enameling machines wherein a circulating fan is installed above the oven body in a position close to its middle portion; above the front area of the oven body is an organic waste-gas inlet and above which is a primary catalytic chamber. A hot-air allocation chamber is located on the side of the said primary catalytic chamber. The said circulating fan connects the said primary catalytic chamber and the hot-air allocation chamber, delivering the circulating hot air resulting from catalytic combustion into the hot-air allocation chamber which is further connected to the front area, middle area and back area of the oven body via the front air flue, middle air flue and back air flue. With rationalized distribution of heat energy, this invention accelerates the baking speed, thereby improving productivity by 20%.

Abstract: Coffee beans are roasted with heated air in a roasting chamber, and contaminant-laden exhaust air including caffeine entrained therein is discharged from the chamber. While roasting is in progress, the exhaust air from the chamber is heated, directed through a catalytic converter and cooled to a temperature between about 250° F. to 325° F. Thereafter the cooled exhaust air flows through a cooler or condenser where the temperature of the cooled exhaust air is further lowered to between about 100° F. and 155° F., and it is then directed through a HEPA filter to remove caffeine particles that are present in the cooled air. Substantially caffeine-free clean exhaust air can then be discharged from the HEPA filter directly to the surroundings of the roasting machine such as a closed room, e.g. a retail establishment, frequented by persons.

Abstract: An dual path kiln is provided that includes a kiln having one or more chambers and at least two lumber charge paths adapted to convey lumber through the kiln in opposite directions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for the uniform drying of boards, such as gypsum wallboards. The apparatus includes a dryer through which a series of boards are conveyed in a side-by-side relationship. While in the dryer, heated air is delivered over the boards via a series of separate air channels. A bypass duct delivers a portion of or a totality of unreheated air to the outermost channels where the cooler air displaces a volume of the warmer air. As a result, the air in the outermost channels is cooler than the air in the interior channels. Air from the outermost channels is then directed over the exposed longitudinal edges of the boards.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus and a method for heat treatment of lignocellulosic material. The apparatus comprises a treatment chamber and devices for circulating and recovering gases from the treatment chamber such as to provide a uniform temperature within the chamber and allow efficient drying of the material. This is achieved by injecting and recovering the gases from at least two sides of the treatment chamber.

Abstract: Method for drying wood in a short period of time by maintaining the concentration of a combustion gas contained in a drying room atmosphere for use in drying the wood to a high value and by maintaining the pressure of the drying room atmosphere to a high value. Wood fuels such as waste wood are put into a combustion chamber ins lower area of a combustion gas generating furnace and then the wood fuels are burned, followed by introducing the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the burning of the wood fuels into an upper area of a drying room housing the green wood to thereby dry the wood. Thermal drying of the wood is carried out by maintaining the concentration of the combustion gas present in the drying room atmosphere at a the high value and by maintaining the pressure of the drying room atmosphere at a high value.

Abstract: The invention encompasses methods of processing internal surfaces of a chemical vapor deposition reactor. In one implementation, material is deposited over internal surfaces of a chemical vapor deposition reactor while processing semiconductor substrates therein. The deposited material is treated with atomic oxygen. After the treating, at least some of the deposited material is etched from the reactor internal surfaces. In one embodiment, first etching is conducted of some of the deposited material from the reactor internal surfaces. After the first etching, remaining deposited material is treated with atomic oxygen. After the treating, second etching is conducted of at least some of the remaining deposited material from the reactor internal surfaces. In one embodiment, the deposited material is first treated with atomic oxygen. After the first treating, first etching is conducted of some of the deposited material from the reactor internal surfaces.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for drying material, particularly sludges, with indirectly heated driers includes a system for the thermal decontamination of exhaust air from the drier. Excess exhaust air from the drier loop is fed as secondary air to the heating boiler or furnace separately from the primary air for combustion of the fuel and to thermally clean the exhaust air from the drier. The exhaust drier gas from the drier remains in the furnace for a period to decontaminate the drier gas, after which it is mixed with the flue gases. The mixture is then removed from the furnace. The system is suitable for operation under normal operating temperatures and at low, below normal operating temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to artificially break pit membranes in cell membranes of cells constituting wood and then to readily attain dryness of the wood. In view of the fact that one pit or the other pit of pits in the form of a pair is blocked with the torus 1 in felled wood to cause poor removal of water in cells, it is intended to prevent the blockage of the pit membrane, i.e., to break the pit membrane per se, thereby facilitating easy escapement of water in cells after the breaking. In the present invention, wood fuel is burned, and subject wood is allowed to stand in a treatment chamber filled with smoky wood gas generated by the combustion for a predetermined period of time, to expose the subject wood to far-infrared radiation and components contained in the wood gas.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to drying and heating processes and to an apparatus incorporating a pulse combustion device that can be used in a drying system or in a heating system. In general, the apparatus includes a pulse combustion device for the combustion of a fuel to produce a pulsating flow of combustion products and an acoustic pressure wave. The pulse combustion device has a combustion chamber connected to at least one resonance tube. A resonance chamber surrounds at least a portion of the pulse combustion device and includes a nozzle downstream from the resonance tube. The nozzle accelerates the combustion products flowing therethrough and creates a pulsating velocity head. In a drying system, the nozzle exits into a drying chamber where the combustion products contact a feed stream.

Abstract: A dryer drum coater reduces blue smoke emissions by evacuating the blue smoke from the dryer drum coater independently of the exhaust of combustion products. The blue smoke, produced when heated and dried aggregate is mixed with other asphaltic products such as RAP or liquid asphalt, is preferably evacuated from a vapor outlet formed remote from the exhaust products outlet of the coater and adjacent the heated and dried aggregate inlet of the mixing chamber. Evacuating the blue smoke at this location obviates the need to separate the blue smoke from the combustion products and also prevents the introduction of excess oxygen into the combustion zone of the dryer drum coater. In a particularly preferred arrangement, the evacuated blue smoke is fed directly to the combustion air inlet of the coater's burner blower and is thereby incinerated.

Abstract: A dryer drum coater has an internal recirculation cylinder for promoting the recirculation of combustion products so as to entrain and incinerate blue smoke formed when heated and dried virgin aggregate is mixed with other asphaltic products such as RAP and/or liquid asphalt in the dryer drum coater. The recirculation cylinder acts to extend and strengthen natural eddy currents formed during operation of the coater such that combustion product recirculation which would normally extend only in the end area of the flame extends far enough toward the base of the flame to entrain the blue smoke and to draw the blue smoke into the base area of the flame. The cylinder may comprise a refractory lined stainless steel shell or may be formed from tee flights of the type used in the combustion zones of dryer drum coaters.

Abstract: A system for drying a large quantity of wood efficiently, which includes: a wood drying room capable of being sealed; a combustion-gas generator provided with an air-inlet conduit for introducing fresh air for combustion use into a combustion chamber provided in a lower area of the combustion-gas generator; a combustion-gas supplying passage extending from an upper area of the combustion-gas generator to an upper area of the wood drying room; an exhaust-gas discharging conduit extending from a bottom area of the wood drying room to a chimney; a combustion-gas recovery conduit extending from the bottom area of the wood drying room to the combustion-gas generator, and a gas flow-rate control unit provided in at least one of the exhaust-gas discharging conduit and the combustion-gas recovery conduit.