Abstract: A generalized low-density parity-check (G-LDPC) encoder, including a plurality of generalized constraint (GC) encoders configured to perform a plurality of GC encoding operations in parallel based on a GC code having a quasi-cyclic (QC) structure including information variable nodes, inner parity variable nodes, and super check nodes configured to perform multiple condition checks, wherein each GC encoder of the plurality of GC encoders includes a plurality of first logic circuits configured to perform a GC encoding operation of the plurality of GC encoding operations; and an LDPC encoder configured to perform an LDPC encoding operation based on an LDPC code having the QC structure, wherein the LDPC encoder includes a plurality of single check nodes configured to perform a single parity check, wherein the each GC encoder is configured to receive information bits, and to determine parity bits of a portion of inner parity bits corresponding to the information bits by enabling only a portion of the plurality of

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory system includes a nonvolatile memory including physical blocks, and a controller. The controller manages namespaces. The namespaces include at least a first namespace for storing a first type of data, and a second namespace for storing a second type of data having a lower update frequency than the first type of data. The controller allocates a first number of physical blocks as a physical resource for the first namespace, and allocates a second number of physical blocks as a physical resource for the second namespace, based on a request from a host device specifying an amount of physical resources to be secured for each of the namespaces.

Abstract: The present application is directed to an electronic device that includes a receiver configured to receive data from a second electronic device. The data includes a plurality of blocks, and each block of the plurality of blocks comprises a sync header. The receiver is also configured to align the data by performing 2 to 1 multiplexing and output the aligned data.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for drift compensation for codewords in memory. A memory device comprises memory cells and circuitry configured to sense a codeword stored in the array of memory cells using a reference voltage and determine an amount by which to adjust the reference voltage used to sense the codeword based on an estimated weight of the original codeword, a mean of threshold voltage values of each memory cell of the sensed codeword, and a total quantity of memory cells of the sensed codeword. The circuitry can further be configured to adjust the reference voltage used to sense the codeword by the determined amount.

Abstract: A binary data compression/decompression method is disclosed, where any input binary data string (IFDS) is uniquely and reversibly compressed/decompressed without any data loss by first uniquely formatting and fully describing the IFDS using a set of well defined binary constructs, followed by creating complex structures from custom combinations of said binary constructs that occur within the arbitrary IFDS content, wherein the choice of the said custom combinations depend on the said IFDS content in term of binary constructs therefore creating IFDS content variations and distributions from an expected nominal base wherein said variations and distributions reflect the actual content of the arbitrary IFDS, followed by uniquely processing these variations and distributions in content using several schemes where each scheme brings a unique compression feature, and wherein once this processing completes (i.e.

Abstract: A processor comprising: a register file comprising a group of operand registers for holding data values, each operand register being a fixed number of bits in length for holding a respective data value of that length; and processing logic comprising floating point logic for performing floating point operations on data values in the register file, the floating point logic is configured to process the fixed number of bits in the respective data value according to a floating point format comprising a set of mantissa bits and a set of exponent bits. The processing logic is operable to select between a plurality of different variants of the floating point format, at least some of the variants having a different size sets of mantissa bits and exponent bits relative to one another.

Abstract: An information processing device selects, in a case where a plurality of pieces of data are collected and transmitted to a tape drive to be recorded on a magnetic tape, one mode of a first mode of transmitting a data group obtained by collecting the plurality of pieces of data without compression, to the tape drive, a second mode of transmitting a compressed data group in which the data group obtained by collecting the plurality of pieces of data is compressed, to the tape drive, or a third mode of transmitting a data group obtained by collecting a part of the plurality of pieces of data and remaining data, in which the part of the plurality of pieces of data is compressed and the remaining data is not compressed, to the tape drive, and transmits a data group generated in accordance with the selected mode, to the tape drive.

Abstract: A semiconductor device capable of communicating with a host apparatus includes a symbol generation unit, a coding unit, and a transmission unit. The symbol generation unit includes a random number generation circuit and generates a symbol according to a random number generated by the random number generation circuit. The coding unit performs 8b/10b coding for the symbol. The transmission unit transmits the symbol coded by the 8b/10b coding unit to the host apparatus.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a write state application generates a snapshot that includes one or more data values associated with a source dataset. In operation, the write state application performs one or more compression operations on the source dataset to generate a first compressed record. The write state application then serializes the first compressed record and a second compressed record to generate a first compressed record list. Finally, the write state application generates the snapshot based on the first compressed record list. When the data values are accessed from the first snapshot, the size of the snapshot is maintained. Advantageously, because the size of the snapshot is smaller than the size of the source dataset, some consumers that are unable to store the entire source dataset in random access memory (RAM) are able to store the entire snapshot in RAM.

Abstract: One or a plurality of physical storage devices that provide a physical storage area are connected to first and second computers. The computer updates metadata indicating the address correspondence relationship between the logical address of the volume and the physical address of the physical storage area in the write processing performed based on a write request designating the volume. The first computer copies the metadata to the second computer while receiving the write request. When the address correspondence relationship indicated by the copied metadata portion is changed during copying of the metadata, the first computer updates the metadata portion and copies the metadata portion to the second computer.

Abstract: According to a first aspect, a pulsed radar comprises a transmitter; wherein the pulsed radar is arranged to generate a string of binary values; wherein the transmitter comprises a pulse generator arranged to generate a pulse signal comprising a series of transmit pulses with polarities determined in accordance with the string of binary values; wherein a first substring comprises a first series of values; wherein a second substring comprises a second series of values; wherein the second substring is different from the first substring; and wherein each value in the second series of values is either the same as or different from the corresponding value in the first series of values according to a repeating pattern; and wherein the string of binary values comprises at least the first substring and the second substring concatenated together and each optionally being reversed before concatenation.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, described herein is a system and method for use with a multidimensional database computing environment. Particularly, a system and method are described for performing in-place data writes to a data storage medium associated with the multidimensional database computing environment. For example, when multiple data updates from calculation scripts are associated with a same set of blocks, the in-place data enable the system to reduce fragmentation of the data storage medium, and also to reduce contention due to index updates.

Abstract: A method and associated apparatus provide for accessing contents of a worksheet file comprising a worksheet structure file and a shared strings table file. The method comprises processing the shared strings table file by opening the shared strings table file, and identifying a plurality of shared strings within the opened shared strings table file, and, for each shared string, creating an access record in an access table comprising a shared string identifier, a starting offset into a shared string text file, and a length, and retrieving data for a requested cell by obtaining a requested cell shared string identifier from the worksheet structure file, locating a requested cell access record in the access table, retrieving a requested cell string from the shared string text file at a position indicated by the starting offset and for a length indicated by the record length, and outputting the retrieved string.

Abstract: A length of a longest element can be determined in a memory device. An example method includes determining, using a controller to control sensing circuitry, a length of a longest element of a plurality of variable length elements of a vector stored in a memory array. The determination of the length of the longest element can include performing a number of AND operations, shift operations, and invert operations.

Abstract: Aspects for converting floating-point numbers in a processor are described herein. As an example, the aspects may include receiving, by a floating-point number converter, an exponent bit length, a base value, and one or more first floating-point numbers of a first bit length. Further, the aspects may include calculating, by the floating-point number converter, one or more second floating-point numbers of a second bit length based on the exponent bit length and the base value, the one or more second floating-point numbers respectively corresponding to the one or more first floating-point numbers.

Abstract: The Prefix Burrows-Wheeler Transform (“PWBT”) is described to provide data operations on data sets even if the data set has been compressed. Techniques to set up a PWBT, including an offset table and a prefix table, and techniques to apply data operations on data sets transformed by PWBT are also described. Data operations include k-Mer substring search. General applications of techniques using PWBT, such as plagiarism searches and open source clearance, are described. Bioinformatics applications of the PWBT, such as genomic analysis and genomic tagging, are also described.

Abstract: Embodiments of a processor are disclosed for performing arithmetic operations on variable-length and fixed-length machine independent numbers. The processor may include a floating point unit, and a logic circuit. The number unit may be configured to receive an operation, and first and second operands. Each of the first and second operands may include a sign byte, and multiple mantissa bytes, and may be processed in response to a determination that the operands are fixed-length numbers. The logic circuit may be further configured to perform the received operation on the processed first and second operands.

Abstract: In a single wire communications interface embodiment, a single wire is coupled between a master device and at least one slave device, the master device configured for transmitting data words as serial data to and for receiving data words as serial data from the at least one slave device, and the at least one slave device configured for transmitting data words as serial data to and receiving data words as serial data from the master device; wherein prior to transmission of any data word on the single wire by one of the master device and the slave device, a sync pulse is first transmitted on the single wire. Integrated circuit embodiments for implementing the single wire communications interface, and method embodiments incorporating the single wire communications interface are disclosed. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A storage system according to the present invention comprises a controller and multiple storage devices, constitutes a RAID group from (n+m) number of storage devices, wherein the storage system stores write data from a host computer to n number of storage devices, and stores redundant data generated from the n number of data to m number of storage devices. When failure occurs to at least one storage device, the controller reads data in a compressed state and redundant data from each of the storage devices where failure has not occurred in the storage devices constituting the RAID group, and transmits the read data in the compressed state to the storage device which is a data recovery destination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting data includes determining whether to apply a mask to a cache line that includes a first type of data and a second type of data for transmission based upon a first criteria. The second type of data is filtered from the cache line, and the first type of data along with an identifier of the applied mask is transmitted. The first type of data and the identifier is received, and the second type of data is combined with the first type of data to recreate the cache line based upon the received identifier.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure provide apparatuses and methods for determining a length of a longest element in a memory. An example method comprises determining, using a controller to control sensing circuitry, a length of a longest element of a plurality of variable length elements of a vector stored in a memory array.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and design structures are provided for improving resource utilization by data compression accelerators. An exemplary apparatus for compressing data comprises a plurality of hardware data compression accelerators and a hash table shared by the plurality of hardware data compression accelerators. Each of the plurality of hardware data compression accelerators optionally comprises a first-in-first-out buffer that stores one or more input phrases. The hash table optionally records a location in the first-in-first-out buffers where a previous instance of an input phrase is stored. The plurality of hardware data compression accelerators can simultaneously access the hash table. For example, the hash table optionally comprises a plurality of input ports for simultaneous access of the hash table by the plurality of hardware data compression accelerators. A design structure for a data compression accelerator system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores an encoding program that causes a computer to execute a process. The process includes first encoding a first character string in input data to a first code, when the first character string being registered in a first dictionary, the first code being associated with the first character string in the first dictionary; second encoding a second character string in input data to a second code and registering the second character string to a dynamic dictionary, when the second character string being not registered in the first dictionary, the second code being associated with the second character string and preliminary information in the dynamic dictionary; and generating encoded data including the encoded input data and the dynamic dictionary.

Abstract: The Prefix Burrows-Wheeler Transform (“PWBT”) is described to provide data operations on data sets even if the data set has been compressed. Techniques to set up a PWBT, including an offset table and a prefix table, and techniques to apply data operations on data sets transformed by PWBT are also described. Data operations include k-Mer substring search. General applications of techniques using PWBT, such as plagiarism searches and open source clearance, are described. Bioinformatics applications of the PWBT, such as genomic analysis and genomic tagging, are also described.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing device including an acquirer that acquires second data obtained by converting first data constituted by bit data having a first number of bits into symbols having a second number of bits greater than the first number of bits, with respect to each of the bit data, a comparator that compares a first symbol string constituted by a plurality of symbols contained in the second data prior to reverse conversion of the acquired second data into the first data, to a second symbol string representing a code targeted for detection, and a detector that detects the first symbol string as the code targeted for detection from the second data, on the basis of the result of the comparison by the comparator.

Abstract: In a high-impedance communications interface, driver energy consumption is proportional to the number of signal transitions. For signals having three or more distinct levels, it is possible for a signal driver to salvage energy from some downward signal transitions and reuse it on some subsequent upward signal transitions. To facilitate this energy-conserving behavior, communication is performed using group signaling over sets of wires using a vector signaling code, with the design and use of the vector signaling code insuring that energy availability is balanced with energy demand.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for processing data. The method includes: performing code block segmentation on a data block to obtain multiple first blocks, wherein a difference between numbers of bits of any two first blocks in the multiple first blocks is not more than 1 bit; determining multiple second blocks according to a padding bit and the multiple first blocks, wherein a value of the padding bit is a preset value; adding consecutive N?K fixed bits to each of the multiple second blocks to obtain multiple third blocks, wherein a value of the fixed bit is a preset value, and N?K?0; and performing polar encoding according to the multiple third blocks.

Abstract: A method includes, in a data storage device, determining an estimated compression ratio. The estimated compression ratio is based on hash values of a subset of a data set. The method includes selectively processing the data set based on the estimated compression ratio prior to storage of data associated with the data set in a memory of the data storage device.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data between two devices, in which data frames of the data are temporally adjusted in such a way that a constant number of flanks is used for the data frames. In addition, a related system, computer program, and computer program product are also described.

Abstract: Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of communicating data over wireless communication symbols with check-code. For example, a wireless communication unit may communicate a sequence of wireless communication symbols representing transmitted data bits, wherein a symbol of the symbols includes at least one data block, which includes a set of data bits and a set of repetition bits, the set of data bits including a first number of the transmitted data bits, and the set of repetition bits including a second number of bits, which are identical to at least a subset of the set of data bits, and wherein the symbol includes at least one plurality of check-code bits corresponding to the at least one data block.

Abstract: Broadcast server and method for transmitting electronic program guide data to set top boxes via a broadcast network. The broadcast server is arranged to prepare a list of unique entries and associated identifications of the text items received, and to provide a compressed list to the plurality of set top boxes. The broadcast server repeats the following steps for each text item in the list: determining whether a next text item has a number of shared consecutive characters at the start in common with a compressed text item from the compressed list, identifying said compressed text item as a source of shared consecutive characters and determining the number of shared consecutive characters; storing for the next text item an identification, a reference to the source of shared consecutive characters, the number of shared consecutive characters, and the remaining non-shared text in the compressed list.

Abstract: A method for efficiently computing a hash value for a string is disclosed. In one embodiment, such a method includes receiving an original string comprising multiple characters. The method computes an original hash value for the original string. The method produces an updated string by performing at least one of the following updates on the original string: adding leading/trailing characters to the original string; removing leading/trailing characters from the original string, and modifying characters of the original string while preserving the length of the original string. The method then computes an updated hash value for the updated string by performing at least one operation on the original hash value, wherein the at least one operation takes into account the updates that were made to the original string. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also disclosed.

Abstract: A finite sequence of code values is formed, and can be used for example in communications or remote sensing. A code value in said finite sequence of code values has a validity period specific to that code value. There are code values of different validity periods in said finite sequence of code values. Each of said validity periods is longer than or equal to a predetermined minimum baud length.

Abstract: A parallel test payload includes a bit sequence configured to be segmented into a plurality of sub-sequences having variable bit length carriers. Respective carriers are represented uniformly in each one of the plurality of sub-sequences.

Abstract: Systems and methods relating generally to processing information, and more particularly without limitation to systems and methods for encoding data sets.

Abstract: A system and method for sending binary data via a short message service (SMS) over a wireless communication system. The method provides the capability to send and receive binary data to a vehicle telematics unit using a text SMS message. The binary data is converted to encoded text according to an encoding scheme supported by a wireless communication system. Then, the encoded text is sent as an SMS message over the wireless communication system. Once, the SMS message containing the encoded text is received at its destination, it is converted back to binary data.

Abstract: A data processing circuit is disclosed in the present invention. The data processing circuit includes a decoder and a number of N-stage circuits. The circuits receive input data from at least a memory and separate the input data into N stages. The circuit process and store the N input data simultaneously to decrease the time of data processing in the data processing circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding structured data. A method of encoding structured data according to the present invention includes fragmenting the structured data into fragments according to a configuration of the structured data; and encoding the fragments to generate encoded fragments using a string table including strings contained in the structured data.

Abstract: An apparatus for expanding an immediate vector of restricted data structures may include logic connected to a first memory and a second memory connected to the logic. The first memory may store the immediate vector of restricted data structures that specify distinct floating point numbers. The immediate vector may have a fixed number of bits. The logic may expand the vector of restricted data structures into a number of corresponding expanded data structures that also specify the distinct floating point numbers. Each of the expanded data structures may also have the fixed number of bits. The second memory may store the number of corresponding expanded data structures.

Abstract: A controller for interfacing a host and storage device is provided. The controller includes a channel that can receive data from the storage device in a first format and store the data in an intermediate buffer memory in a second format. The channel includes conversion logic that converts data from the first format to the second format and from the second format to the first format depending upon whether data is being read or written from the buffer memory. The conversion logic uses a shuttle register and shuttle counter for aligning data that is being transferred between the storage device and the buffer memory by appropriately concatenating data to meet the first and second format requirements. The first format is based on 10-bit symbols and the second format is based on 8-bits.

Abstract: Provided are printers and other electronic devices, systems, methods, and computer program products that automatically detect and determine UTF-16 encoding schemes and endiannesss thereof in an incoming XML data steam for XML declarations without a UTF-16 byte-order mark (BOM) or encoding declaration. This allows for the automatic and unambiguous accurate detection of UTF-16 encoded XML data within a mixed encoding environment, such as from multiple sources using more than one encoding scheme, even when XML data does not start with a BOM or encoding declaration.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system employing a 17B/20B coder is disclosed. The 17B/20B coder to receive an incoming stream including a 17B block and a 20B block, and partition the 17B block into first blocks, and partitioning the 20B into second blocks. The coder is further to code 17B to 20B of memory using one or more serial lines for communication is performed, wherein coding includes coding the first blocks of the 17B block and the second blocks of the 20B block, wherein the coding of the first and second blocks is performed such that a maximum run length is maintained.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices, a system including said semiconductor devices and methods thereof are provided. An example semiconductor device may receive data scheduled for transmission, scramble an order of bits within the received data, the scrambled order arranged in accordance with a given pseudo-random sequence. The received data may be balanced such that a difference between a first number of the bits within the received data equal to a first logic level and a second number of bits within the received data equal to a second logic level is below a threshold. The balanced and scrambled received data may then be transmitted. The example semiconductor device may perform the scrambling and balancing operations in any order. Likewise, on a receiving end, another semiconductor device may decode the original data by unscrambling and unbalancing the transmitted data. The unscrambling and unbalancing operations may be performed in an order based upon the order in which the transmitted data is scrambled and balanced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to compress a DVB-ASI bit stream including accepting the stream containing packets of compressed media, sync words, and stuffing words, identifying starts of packets, identifying and discarding stuffing words; and adding information to form a compressed stream, added information sufficient to reconstruct a reconstructed stream from the compressed stream, with the relative locations of starts of packets in the reconstructed bit stream matching the relative locations of starts of corresponding packets in the accepted stream. Also a method recover the timing of MPEG packets including accepting a serial bit stream containing packets of compressed media streams, and ascertaining if the stream includes information indicating that the bit stream has a DVB-ASI form with stuffing words discarded and with indicating information added.

Abstract: An apparatus for enhancing packet communication is disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes an encoder configured to convert input data to a binary coded base system of an augmented code employing a base of an original code used for coding the input data, wherein the augmented code employs more symbols for coding than the original code, the encoder including: (1) an adder configured to add the input data to a multiplication product to generate a base sum that is binary-coded in the augmented code, (2) a multiplier configured to multiply an accumulated value by a base of the original code to provide the multiplication product that is binary-coded in the augmented code, and (3) an accumulator configured to employ the base sum to provide an accumulated value as an output for the encoder, wherein the accumulated value is binary-coded in the augmented code to represent the input data.

Abstract: A block encoder flexibly encodes K codes to produce an encoded data block. The block encoder receives an unformatted block of 10 Gigabit Media Independent Interface (XGMII) data. The unformatted block of data includes data and/or K characters, both of which can be located in any position of the unformatted block. The block encoder inserts data characters into a first set of slots of the encoded data block. The block encoder encodes K characters to produce corresponding encoded K characters. Each encoded K character includes a link field, a position field and a recoded value field. The encoded K characters are inserted into a second set of slots of the encoded data block. A synchronization header is attached to the encoded data block to distinguish control blocks from pure data blocks. The header and encoded data block are subsequently scrambled in preparation for transmission.

Abstract: A data encoding method is provided. The data has several bytes, and each byte has n bits. The data encoding method includes the following steps. First, a specific value is defined. Next, the data is divided into one or several data blocks each having m bytes, wherein m?2n?2. Following that, a replacing value, not appearing in the m bytes of the data block, is obtained from each data block respectively, wherein the replacing value is not equal to the specific value. Then, the values of the bytes being the specific value are replaced to the replacing value in the m bytes of each data bock respectively. Afterwards, a starting byte is allocated at the start of each data block, and the replacing value is stored to the starting byte so as to obtain the data block being encoded respectively. Each data block being encoded has m+1 bytes.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system employing a 17 B/20 B coder is disclosed. The 17 B/20 B coder to receive an incoming stream including a 17 B block and a 20 B block, and partition the 17 B block into first blocks, and partitioning the 20 B into second blocks. The coder is further to code 17 B to 20 B of memory using one or more serial lines for communication is performed, wherein coding includes coding the first blocks of the 17 B block and the second blocks of the 20 B block, wherein the coding of the first and second blocks is performed such that a maximum run length is maintained.

Abstract: A physical layer device includes a converter module to convert input data having a first predetermined number of bits into output data having a second predetermined number of bits. A scrambler module is operable to be activated and deactivated. The scrambler module receives the output data having the second predetermined number of bits. An encoding module modulates the output of the scrambler module in accordance with one of a plurality of modulation types and generates an encoded output signal having an output level. The encoding module is operable to vary the output levels of the encoded output signal.

Abstract: Provided is a distributed decoding device using a multi-core processor, including a multi-core processor that includes a plurality of cores which process data as threads; an MPEG division module that receives MPEG data, extracts decoding information from the MPEG data, divides the MPEG data into individual slices, and generates and provides a single-slice decoding function, which separately decodes one slice, such that threads which decode the divided slices allocated thereto are distributed to the cores within the multi-core processor; a memory that includes a plurality of buffers which receive the slices from the MPEG data division module to store therein and provide the stored slices to the cores of the multi-core processor; and a merging module that merges the data decoded through the cores of the multi-core processor.