Abstract: A positioning system is provided in which a client device samples a transmission from any suitable terrestrial wireless source. The resulting samples are correlated with replica samples to determine a position of the client device using time-difference-of-arrival-based calculations.

Abstract: The present application: receives positioning data from each of a plurality of positioning terminals that have received positioning signals transmitted from a plurality of satellites; uses the received positioning data to detect, for each satellite, the difference between the positioning signal reception quality at a first positioning terminal and the positioning signal reception quality at at least one second positioning terminal; and uses the difference for each satellite to determine a satellite to be used for positioning computation for the first positioning terminal.

Abstract: A signal acquiring unit (3) performs signal detection and initial synchronization on an output from a RF frontend (2) by performing circular convolution operation using a first code replica corresponding to a case where a ranging code does not change in polarity and a second code replica corresponding to a case where a ranging code changes in polarity. A signal tracking unit (4) performs synchronization tracking using a result of signal acquisition output from the signal acquiring unit (3) as an initial value.

Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver demodulates code shift keying (CSK) data utilizing a binary search. The GNSS receiver receives a signal including a pseudorandom noise (PRN) code modulated by code shift keying (CSK) to represent a symbol (i.e., CSK modulated symbol). The GNSS receiver maintains a plurality of receiver codes each representing a different shift in chips to the PRN code. The GNSS receiver performs a linear combination of portions of the receiver codes. In an embodiment, the GNSS receiver compares correlation power level value for respective portions of the receiver codes to demodulate the CSK data. In a further embodiment, the GNSS receiver compares the correlation power level values for portions of receiver codes with power detection threshold values to demodulate the CSK data. In a further embodiment, the GNSS receiver utilizes signs of the correlation power level values to demodulate the CSK data.

Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver demodulates code shift keying (CSK) data utilizing a binary search. The GNSS receiver receives a signal including a pseudorandom noise (PRN) code modulated by code shift keying (CSK) to represent a symbol (i.e., CSK modulated symbol). The GNSS receiver maintains a plurality of receiver codes each representing a different shift in chips to the PRN code. The GNSS receiver performs a linear combination of portions of the receiver codes. In an embodiment, the GNSS receiver compares correlation power level value for respective portions of the receiver codes to demodulate the CSK data. In a further embodiment, the GNSS receiver compares the correlation power level values for portions of receiver codes with power detection threshold values to demodulate the CSK data. In a further embodiment, the GNSS receiver utilizes signs of the correlation power level values to demodulate the CSK data.

Abstract: A method of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) acquisition comprises: computing a line of sight (LOS) angle between a LOS vector of a first satellite and a LOS vector of a second satellite, wherein each LOS vector is the LOS vector between a receiver and the respective satellite; computing a maximum Doppler difference, wherein the maximum Doppler difference is computed between the first satellite and the second satellite based on the LOS angle and a maximum velocity vector attainable by the receiver, wherein Doppler is induced at least by movement of the receiver; determining a final frequency search range based on the maximum Doppler difference computed between the first satellite and the second satellite, wherein the frequency search range includes a center frequency equal to the first frequency at which the first satellite is found; acquiring a GNSS signal from the second satellite at a second frequency.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a multichannel GNSS receiver which does not require the use of a specific signal generator and which may be implemented directly on the basis of simple measurements taken from a receiver in operation comprises determining a first, broadband equalization filter which may be positioned at the output of the RF reception channels and at the input of the correlators in order to correct the mismatch between the various RF reception channels. The invention also consists of determining a second, narrowband equalization filter in order to correct residual phase and gain errors.

Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver demodulates code shift keying (CSK) data utilizing a binary search. The GNSS receiver receives a signal including a pseudorandom noise (PRN) code modulated by code shift keying (CSK) to represent a symbol (i.e., CSK modulated symbol). The GNSS receiver maintains a plurality of receiver codes each representing a different shift in chips to the PRN code. The GNSS receiver performs a linear combination of portions of the receiver codes. In an embodiment, the GNSS receiver compares correlation power level value for respective portions of the receiver codes to demodulate the CSK data. In a further embodiment, the GNSS receiver compares the correlation power level values for portions of receiver codes with power detection threshold values to demodulate the CSK data. In a further embodiment, the GNSS receiver utilizes signs of the correlation power level values to demodulate the CSK data.

Abstract: A comparator includes a resolver controlled by a resolver clock signal and a differential amplifier controlled by a sampling clock signal. The resolver clock signal and the sampling clock signal are such that amplification at the differential amplifier during the reset phase of the resolver clock signal and the reset phase of the sampling clock signal begins during the resolving phase of the resolver.

Abstract: A radio wave receiver includes a radio wave reception processor which receives radio waves and obtains signals transmitted from positioning satellites from the received radio waves; and a processor which sets reception start timing of the radio waves by the radio wave reception processor and controls the radio wave reception processor to start reception. The processor sets the reception start timing so that following reception conditions are satisfied: (i) a total power consumption amount of a power amount necessary for positioning and a power amount according to an obtaining upper limit time from start timing of a positioning operation by the radio wave reception processor to when the radio wave reception processor obtains signals necessary for computing a present position and the positioning operation is equal to or less than a predetermined upper limit power consumption amount, and (ii) the obtaining upper limit time is equal to or more than a predetermined reference time.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses and/or articles of manufacture, which may be employed in a mobile device and/or in a location server, enable acquisition assistance at the mobile device. In at least one implementation, which is not intended to limit claimed subject matter, acquisition assistance may include expected Doppler frequency shift and expected code phase in the case of a particular Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellite vehicle, as well as a search window for each of these, and a confidence value. The confidence value may indicate the likelihood of detecting signals from the satellite vehicle at the current expected location of the mobile device and within the given search windows and may enable one or more of faster location estimation, reduced battery consumption, and detection of weaker satellite signals.

Abstract: A system and methods for location authentication are presented. An estimated server signal is estimated based on a generated known code signal, and a client received satellite signal is received from a client device. The client received satellite signal is compared to the estimated server signal to provide a comparison result.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and other embodiments associated with low power GNSS receiver operation are described. According to one embodiment, an apparatus includes a pre-processor configured to generate digitized signals from satellite signals according to a set of pre-processing functions. The satellite signals are navigation satellite signals. The pre-processor is configured to store the digitized signals in a memory. The apparatus includes a processor configured to produce a navigation result from the digitized signals stored in the memory. The apparatus includes a control logic configured to independently power the digital pre-processor and the processing logic by powering either the digital or the processor at a time.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a clocking unit; a receiving unit; a reception control unit; and a date and time obtaining unit. The reception control unit makes the receiving unit receive first date and time information which is transmitted from a positioning satellite, the first date and time information indicating an elapsed time from a start of a week to an end of the week, and the reception control unit does not make the receiving unit receive second date and time information which is transmitted from the positioning satellite, the second date and time information indicating a week number. The date and time obtaining unit calculates an uncorrected date and time based on the first date and time information and a clocking unit week number which is a week number calculated from date and time counted by the clocking unit.

Abstract: A system mounted to an object for detecting repetitive motion of the object. The system includes a GPS receiver for receiving GPS signals while being maneuvered in a repetitive motion by the object, and a processor for detecting repetitive phase shifts in the received GPS signals. In general, the system computes the repetitive motion of the GPS receiver based on the repetitive phase shifts.

Abstract: The effective use of weak GPS signals that are present in various environments enables an electronic device to pinpoint its location in such environments. The electronic device uses an antenna to perform sequential scanning in multiple directions for global positioning system (GPS) signals. The electronic device further analyzes GPS signals obtained from scanning the multiple directions to determine a number of acquired GPS satellites that provided the GPS signals. The GPS signals include code phases of the acquired GPS satellites. The electronic device then computes a location of the electronic device based on the code phases of the acquired GPS satellites when the number of acquired GPS satellites meets a threshold.

Abstract: An approach is provided for correcting a reference clock of a GPS receiver. The approach involves determining one or more frequency offset values. The approach also involves determining one or more codes associated with one or more satellites. The approach further involves determining a second code associated with the one or more satellites. The approach additionally involves determining one or more delay values between the second code and the one or more first codes. The approach also involves determining one or more proportional values based on the one or more delay values and a determined correlation. The approach further involves determining one or more correlation peak values and determining one or more estimated frequency offset error values based on the one or more correlation peak values. The approach additionally involves causing a calibrated reference clock frequency value to change to a recalibrated reference clock frequency value based on the estimated frequency offset error values.

Abstract: A GNSS receiver to track low power GNSS satellite signals. The GNSS receiver includes a frequency locked loop (FLL) that measures a current doppler frequency of the satellite signal. A delay locked loop (DLL) measures a current code phase delay of the satellite signal. A current operating point corresponds to the current doppler frequency and the current code phase delay of the satellite signal. A grid monitor receives the satellite signal and the current operating point, and measures a satellite signal strength at a plurality of predefined offset points from the current operating point. The FLL and the DLL are centered at the current operating point. A peak detector is coupled to the grid monitor and processes the satellite signal strengths at the plurality of predefined offset points and re-centers the FLL and the DLL to a predefined offset point with the satellite signal strength above a predefined threshold.

Abstract: A method of tracking a code phase includes configuring local correlators with a first de-spreading local function; de-spreading an incoming signal with the first de-spreading local function to generate a first correlation output; determining a range estimate based on the first de-spreading local function; reconfiguring the local correlators with a second de-spreading local function when a delay-locked loop has locked to a correct correlation peak of the first correlation output; de-spreading the incoming signal with the second de-spreading local function to generate a second correlation output; determining a range estimate based on the second de-spreading local function that has a higher resolution than the range estimate based on the first de-spreading local function; and determining if the delay-locked loop has lost a lock to the correct correlation peak of the second correlation output to determine that the local correlators need to be reconfigured with the first de-spreading local function.

Abstract: Some implementations provide low power reduced sampling of global positioning system (GPS) locations. A server may be configured to assist a mobile device in determining a location from a plurality of small GPS signal chunks and corresponding time stamps. For instance, the server may identify a set of satellites from each of the GPS signal chunks and by comparing the set of satellites for each of the GPS signal chunks to each other to determine a second set of satellites. The server may then estimate a location of the mobile based on the second set of satellites.

Abstract: Whether received positioning signals are target positioning signals is determined accurately. A first code phase difference of a first replica code signal of a positioning signal StA and a second code phase difference of a second replica code signal of a positioning signal StB are acquired. A first pseudorange ?1 is calculated based on the first code phase difference and a second pseudorange ?2 is calculated based on the second code phase difference. An absolute value of a pseudorange difference that is a differential value between the first pseudorange ?1 and the second pseudorange ?2 is calculated. If the absolute value of the pseudorange difference is lower than a threshold, the positioning signals of which codes are currently tracked are determined to be the positioning signals StA and StB from a target positioning satellite. If the absolute value of the pseudorange difference is higher than the threshold, cross-correlation is determined to have occurred.

Abstract: A global navigation satellite system configured to operate in a noisy environment receives the same satellite signals in two separate channels. Each channel processes the signals independently according to different filtering constraints; one channel applies narrow filtering constraints while the other channel applies broader filtering constraints. Narrow filtering constraints allow the receiver to acquire a usable signal under certain conditions but not while moving rapidly. Broader filtering constraints allow the receiver to acquire a usable signal during rapid movement, but cannot overcome intense interference. A device implementing both constraint options is usable under a wider range of situations.

Abstract: Dual-frequency receiver for satellite-based positioning, comprising a main measurement channel and a secondary channel for a calculation for correction of ionospheric propagation robust to differential errors linked to the local reception environment of the signals. Each channel comprises a code generator, a carrier phase generator, integrators, phase and code discriminators, a code phase numerically-controlled oscillator, a carrier phase numerically-controlled oscillator, carrier phase loop matched filtering means, and code phase loop matched filtering means. The receiver further including: means for determining the respective phase errors in the main and secondary channels comprising means of interspectral correlation of the signals of the main and secondary channels already correlated by the local code, after frequency compensation of the relative Doppler shifts of the signals; and respective feedback loops for the code and carrier phase errors in the main and secondary channels.

Abstract: A demodulation unit for a GNSS signal processing device includes an operator that selects an error detecting method based on signs of early and late differential values and calculates an error detection value. A code phase range where an error detection value is not 0 is wide with a first error detecting method, and is narrow with a second. Immediately after capturing a GNSS signal, a code phase difference between the GNSS signal and a prompt replica signal is large, and signs of the early differential value and the late differential value are different from each other. In this case, the first method is used. As the code phase is driven, the code phase difference between the GNSS signal and the prompt replica signal becomes smaller, and the signs of the early differential value and the late differential value become the same. In this case, the second method is used.

Abstract: Techniques for transmitting location information as an aid to location services are described. In one design, a transmitter may generate a message including coordinate information and uncertainty information for the location of the transmitter. The coordinate information may include latitude and longitude for horizontal location and possibly the height of the transmitter. The uncertainty information may include uncertainty of the horizontal location and possibly uncertainty of the height of the transmitter. The horizontal location uncertainty may be given by a radius of a circle centered at the latitude and longitude of the transmitter. The height uncertainty may be given by a deviation from the height of the transmitter. The transmitter may send the message to at least one receiver in a wireless network. The transmitter may be a base station that may broadcast the message to terminals within its coverage.

Abstract: A demodulation unit for a GNSS signal processing device includes an operator that uses a first error detecting method when one of a first selection criterion in which an early late differential value is higher than a first threshold (positive value) and an early differential value is lower than a third threshold (negative value), and a second selection criterion in which the early late differential value is lower than a second threshold (negative value) and a late differential value is lower than a fourth threshold (negative value) is satisfied, and the operator uses a second error detecting method when neither criterion is satisfied. A code phase range where an error detection value is not 0 is wide with the first error detecting method, and the code phase range where the error detection value is not 0 is narrow with the second error detecting method.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for acquiring a signal of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are provided. The method includes: performing a first satellite signal acquiring operation based on an initially set Doppler frequency search start value and an initially set Doppler frequency search interval value; and changing the initially set Doppler frequency search start value and performing a second satellite signal acquiring operation when a satellite signal is not found through the first satellite signal acquiring operation.

Abstract: A technique for reducing the dwell time in acquiring a satellite signal is provided. The technique minimizes the dwell time in searching for a satellite signal in cells of a search space by comparing the peak-power-to-average ratio (PAPR) to one or more thresholds at one or more intermediate points during the search in a code phase/Doppler frequency bin. The comparison is then used to determine whether to continue the search in a current code phase/Doppler frequency bin or to continue to the next code phase/Doppler frequency bin.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus tracking a global navigation satellite system signal. The method includes generating respective replica codes including an E code, P code, L code, first code and second code, calculating correlation values for a received satellite signal and the replica codes, discriminating between gradients of a plurality of slopes derived from correlation points respectively corresponding to the replica codes, and detecting a time delay due to multipath signal components according to a discrimination result.

Abstract: A satellite radio receiver includes: an acquisition unit for setting one reception frequency in turn at a first frequency interval over a first frequency range, allowing a processor to acquire a signal having the reception frequency as digital data having a first bit number, and detecting the satellite signals based on a result of predetermined processes with the digital data; and a specifying unit for, in response to detection of satellite signals by the acquisition unit, concurrently setting predetermined number of reception frequencies in turn at a second frequency interval narrower than the first frequency interval, allowing the processor to acquire the respective signals having the reception frequencies as digital data having a second bit number smaller than the first bit number, and specifying reception frequencies of the satellite signals based on the result of the predetermined processes concurrently executed with the predetermined number of digital data.

Abstract: A satellite positioning method, a satellite pesudorange calculation apparatus and a satellite pesudorange calculation method thereof are provided. The satellite pesudorange calculation apparatus is used for calculating a pesudorange between a satellite and a satellite positioning receiving device, wherein the pesudorange includes an integer code value and a decimal code value. The satellite pesudorange calculation apparatus comprises a receiver and a processor electrically connected with the receiver. The receiver is configured to receive a code phase from a satellite signal acquisition unit, and the processor is configured to calculate the decimal code value according to the code phase. The receiver is further configured to define an approximation position and calculate the integer code value according to the approximate position and the decimal code value. The satellite positioning method is used for positioning the satellite positioning receiving device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing a navigation signal are provided. When a navigation signal is received and processed, a search range associated with signal processing may be reduced by directly computing a clock offset of a receiving terminal, and accordingly it is possible to reduce an operation amount associated with the signal processing, and an amount of a power consumed by the receiving terminal. Additionally, due to a reduction in the search range, it is also possible to reduce a time required to acquire a signal.

Abstract: Some implementations provide low power reduced sampling of global positioning system (GPS) locations. A server may be configured to assist a mobile device in determining a location from a plurality of GPS signal samples and corresponding time stamps provided by the mobile device, such as by identifying a set of possible reference locations, which may be used to calculate a location of the mobile device. In another example, the mobile device may sample GPS signals using a GPS receiver, compress the samples, and provide the compressed samples to the server for processing.

Abstract: A GPS receiver for tracking a GPS signal. The receiver generates a mixed GPS signal by mixing the GPS signal with an oscillator signal, generates a first correlation signal by correlating the mixed GPS signal with a reference signal, and generates a filtered GPS signal from the GPS signal. The receiver also generates a filtered reference signal from the reference signal, generates a second correlation signal by correlating the filtered GPS signal with the filtered reference signal, and a generates a combined correlation signal by combining the first correlation signal with the second correlation signal. The receiver tracks the GPS signal by adjusting the phase of the oscillator signal based on the combined correlation signal.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided that may be used by one or more devices within in wireless communication network to request and/or provide code phase related information signals associated with various Satellite Positioning Systems (SPSs).

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided that may be used by one or more devices within in wireless communication network to request and/or provide code phase related information signals associated with various Satellite Positioning Systems (SPSs).

Abstract: A navigation bit boundary determination apparatus and a method therefor. The navigation bit boundary determination apparatus includes a Beidou satellite signal receiving module, a position receiving and clock calibration module, a calculation module, and a determination module. The Beidou satellite signal receiving module receives a Beidou Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite signal, determines and records a local receiving time of the Beidou GEO satellite signal. The position receiving and clock calibration module receives a GPS time signal and a position of the navigation bit boundary determination apparatus. The calculation module calculates a transmitting time for the Beidou GEO satellite signal. The determination module determines a navigation bit boundary of the Beidou GEO satellite signal.

Abstract: A GPS receiver acquires carrier frequency and Gold code phase using short segments of a received GPS signal. In one embodiment, a 1-ms segment of the GPS signal is transformed to the frequency domain. This is multiplied by a frequency representation of the Gold code. The resulting product is converted to the time domain, and a peak is detected. The location of the peak corresponds to the code phase. If no peak is located, the carrier frequency is changed. Full- and half-bin steps in carrier frequency are considered. Processing gain is achieved by using longer segments of the input signal, for example 4 or 16 ms and integrating 1-ms segments. Considerations are provided for compensating for the effects of a transition, should it occur in the short segment of the GPS signal being processed. Integrations can be performed using non-coherent and coherent techniques. Adjustments are made for non-integral millisecond segment lengths.

Abstract: The present invention is related to location positioning systems, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for making accuracy improvements to a GPS receiver's navigation calculations. According to a first aspect, the invention includes extreme sensitivity GNSS tracking loops. In embodiments, the tracking loops are self-bandwidth normalizing and the loop bandwidths automatically narrow with reduced CNO.

Abstract: A method of acquiring a satellite signal includes providing a CDMA-modulated signal, defining a first search frequency interval and a first reception sensitivity, and performing a first acquisition of the modulated signal according to the first sensitivity and the first frequency interval in order to provide an acquisition or failed acquisition result. In case of a failed acquisition, performing a second acquisition of the modulated signal as a function of a second search frequency interval, narrower than the first frequency interval, and a second reception sensitivity, greater than the first sensitivity and depending on a power of a side lobe of the modulated signal.

Abstract: A method for determining a position using a GNSS system having a plurality of GNSS satellites and one or more augmentation systems, which method includes the steps of obtaining a code or phase measurement from the GNSS satellite signals, generating measurement groups, and generating corrected measurement groups by applying code or phase corrections from the augmentation systems, and applying combinations of the corrected measurements in a filter which outputs a position and ambiguity estimate.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of global navigation system tracking and decoding. In one embodiment a method includes obtaining a navigation signal including a sequence of navigation strings. Each navigation string includes symbol encoded navigation data symbols and a time mark sequence (TMS). A location of a TMS within the navigation signal is determined and the TMS and the symbol encoding is removed from a subsequent navigation string based upon the determined location of the TMS to provide a stripped navigation signal. In another embodiment, a global navigation receiver includes a RF front end that obtains a navigation signal including a sequence of navigation strings. The global navigation receiver determines a location of a TMS within the navigation signal and removes the TMS and symbol encoding from a subsequent navigation string based upon the determined location of the TMS to provide a stripped navigation signal.

Abstract: Sub-microsecond time transfer in a GPS/GNSS receiver using a weak GPS/GNSS signal is provided. The digitized complex baseband signal and the generated PN code are cross-correlated for each code period so as to output a complex correlation value at each code epoch of the generated PN code, where a sequence of the output correlation values form a data stream representing the navigation message. Bit synchronization generates bit sync pulses at bit boundaries. The location of a target segment having a known sequence at a known bit location in the navigation message is detected by searching through a plurality of sub-frames and accumulating search results for the plurality of subframes. Transmission time of the target segment is determined from the detected location of the target segment, with a certain time ambiguity. Accurate local time is determined by solving the time ambiguity using approximate time obtained from an external source.

Abstract: A low-cost GPS/GNSS receiver receives a satellite signal at an RF frequency (fRF). The GPS/GNSS receiver includes a front end section for receiving the satellite signal and generating a digital complex signal having a first bandwidth, the received satellite signal being converted into a complex signal before digitizing, a signal capturing section for searching for and acquiring the satellite signal, the signal capturing section including a capture memory, a baseband processor for tracking the acquired satellite signal, and a signal splitter coupled to the front end section. The signal splitter splits the digital complex signal into two bandwidths, by generating a narrowband digital complex signal having a second bandwidth substantially smaller than the first bandwidth. The signal splitter provides the narrowband digital signal to the capture memory and the wider first bandwidth digital complex signal to the baseband processor.

Abstract: A satellite navigation receiver receives a combination of radio frequency signals from satellites in satellite navigation systems and process the radio frequency signals to calculate an approximate current location of the satellite navigation receiver. Satellite acquisition plays an important part in identifying the current location of the satellite navigation receiver. Acquisition involves identifying the satellites in the satellite navigation that can be used to provide navigation information. Fast Fourier transform based acquisition involves using FFT and subsequently inverse FFT (IFFT) to correlate a coarse acquisition (C/A) code transmitted by a satellite with a C/A code locally generated on the GPS receiver to identify and acquire a transmitting satellite.

Abstract: A satellite-based positioning receiver includes processing channels, each processing channel being associated with a respective satellite from among N satellites, and an extended Kalman filter for performing a vector tracking for the set of satellites using signals received from the satellites. The extended Kalman filter performs a resetting on the basis of the phase error and code error received directly from the phase and code discriminators, of each channel, and the receiver is configured for calculating the code-wise and carrier-wise control signals for the code phase and carrier phase numerically-controlled oscillators, on the basis of data provided by the extended Kalman filter, for each channel.

Abstract: The energy potential of a receiver receiving signals from a navigation satellite is calculated according to an algorithm which is a function of an estimate of the mean and an estimate of the variance of a correlation signal. Improving the accuracy of measuring the energy potential may be achieved by improving the variance estimate. The variance estimate may be determined from measurements of the correlation signal over long time intervals during operation of the receiver. The variance estimate may also be determined during a calibration procedure, or by mathematical modeling of the receiver.

Abstract: A GPS receiver for tracking a GPS signal. The receiver generates a mixed GPS signal by mixing the GPS signal with an oscillator signal, generates a first correlation signal by correlating the mixed GPS signal with a reference signal, and generates a filtered GPS signal from the GPS signal. The receiver also generates a filtered reference signal from the reference signal, generates a second correlation signal by correlating the filtered GPS signal with the filtered reference signal, and a generates a combined correlation signal by combining the first correlation signal with the second correlation signal. The receiver tracks the GPS signal by adjusting the phase of the oscillator signal based on the combined correlation signal.

Abstract: An arrangement of M signal generators in a global navigation satellite signal baseband chip for obtaining a sequential chip correlation array is provided. The sequential chip correlation array generates M×N code bit sequences, M in-phase and M quadrature-phase carrier mixed signals. The M signal generators are arranged consecutively. A programmable parameter is created for providing a spacing of TC between each N code bit sequences. A first carrier and code generator is provided within each signal generator for generating an in-phase and a quadrature-phase component of a first carrier signal, and N code bit sequences. The first carrier and code generators within adjacently arranged signal generators are programmed with same code chip offset, different carrier signal frequency, different code frequency, and different code phase offset. M in-phase and M quadrature-phase carrier mixed signals, and N code bit sequences are generated by the M signal generators based on the programmable parameter.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus, system and method for location determination following a search discontinuity utilizing early sampling of a satellite positioning system signal to determine a common code phase offset, pseudorange rate and mode of location calculation.