Abstract: Antenna characterization systems and methods are described for hardware-timed testing of integrated circuits (IC) with integrated antennas configured for over-the-air transmission and/or reception. An IC to be tested (e.g., the device under test (DUT)) may be mounted to an adjustable positioner in an anechoic chamber. Radio frequency (RF) characteristics (e.g., including transmission characteristics, reception characteristics, and/or beamforming characteristics) of the IC may be tested over-the-air using an array of antennas or probes within the anechoic chamber while continually transitioning the adjustable positioner through a plurality of orientations. Counters and reference trigger intelligence may be employed to correlate measurement results with orientations of the DUT.

Abstract: A measurement system for testing a device under test is described that comprises at least one signal unit for processing a signal, at least two measurement antennas, at least two reflectors, a shielded space, and a testing position for the device under test. Each measurement antenna is orientated with respect to the testing position such that the testing position is located in at least one of a side lobe area and a back lobe area of the measurement antennas. The reflectors are located such that each reflector generates and/or collimates a planar wave at different angles with respect to the testing position. Further, a method for performing test measurements is described.

Abstract: Provided a reverberation chamber including a pair of a transmitting and receiving antenna and a reflection plate configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave output from the transmitting and receiving antenna to a working volume in a beam direction to improve a field uniformity of the working volume in the reverberation chamber and increase an applicability of the reverberation chamber.

Abstract: A method of real-time transmission and demodulation of BeiDou satellite navigation signals, the method including: constructing a large-scale parallel signal transmission branch, grouping a satellite navigation message in a large scale and sequentially sending the grouped messages into the parallel signal transmission branch, obtaining a navigation satellite parallel transmission branch-dedicated sub-ranging code by using a non-linear function driven complex shift pseudo-random code generator and perform spectrum-spreading for the navigation message of each branch, performing modulation by same carrier with different frequency offsets, then forming a composite satellite navigation signal by superimposing carrier-modulated navigation signals of all branches and adding a noise, and sending the composite satellite navigation signal by a single antenna.

Abstract: A telecommunications network comprises multiple nodes linked by line-of-sight (LOS) signals. Directional antennas are located outside concealment screens to avoid attenuation through multiple screening layers. Directional LOS aiming between nodes is accomplished by fully rotable radomes within which multiple antennas are contained or by rotation of gimbaled antennas within the radomes. Network architecture is configured for both azimuthal and elevational LOS antenna aiming, with redundancy to re-route around disabled nodes.

Abstract: A measurement system for investigating the receive behavior of a device under test is provided. The measurement system comprises a test antenna, a test equipment connected to the test antenna, and a test position with respect to the device under test. In this context, the test equipment is configured to derive from geometrical information and radiation pattern data of the test antenna position based signal properties for transmitting via the test antenna.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described that relate to patch antenna elements and parasitic feed pads. A patch antenna element can have a resistance and reactance. The resistance can be desirable while the reactance can be undesirable. To counteract the reactance, a parasitic feed pad can be placed near the patch antenna element and the parasitic feed pad produces a capacitance. The capacitance balances out the reactance to cancel out one another. When two patch antenna elements and two parasitic feed elements are employed in one antenna stack, the stack antenna can function as a dual band antenna.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dipole fixation in an antenna system for fixing dipoles (1) on a reflector (2), the dipole fixation comprising fixing members (3) passing through apertures on the reflector (2) to fix the dipoles (1) on the reflector (2); a first non-conductive member (4) arranged between the dipoles (1) and the reflector (2); and a second non-conductive member (5) arranged between the fixing members (3) and the reflector (2). The dipole fixation of this invention avoids any metal contact between the dipoles and the reflector, guaranteeing the PIM reliability for a long time and obtaining a stable connection.

Abstract: An antenna system includes: a radiating element; a feed coupled to the radiating element at a first point on the radiating element and configured to convey energy to the radiating element; and a radiation-adjustment device coupled to the radiating element at a second point, configured to alter a radiation characteristic of the radiating element, and including: coarse-adjustment elements; an integrated-circuit chip including: switches, each coupled to a respective one of the coarse-adjustment elements where the coarse-adjustment elements are disposed external to the integrated-circuit chip; and a fine-adjustment circuit; the antenna system further including a controller communicatively coupled to the switches and to the fine-adjustment circuit, the controller configured to alter the radiation characteristic of the radiating element by selectively causing one or more of the switches to couple one or more of the coarse-adjustment elements to the radiating element, and by adjusting a value of the fine-adjustment

Abstract: A method for near-field reconstruction in indirect far-field systems is provided. The method comprises the steps of measuring a reference antenna for orthogonal field components in a direct spherical near-field system at a well geometrically defined distance (R0), measuring the reference antenna for orthogonal field components in an indirect far-field system and optimizing the orthogonal field components in the indirect far-field system with respect to the orthogonal field components in the direct spherical near-field system.

Abstract: Certain aspects are directed to a configuration sub-system for telecommunication systems. The configuration sub-system can include a test signal generator, a power measurement device, at least one additional power measurement device, and a controller. The test signal generator can be integrated into components of a telecommunication system. The test signal generator can provide a test signal to a signal path of the telecommunication system. The power measurement device and the additional power measurement device can respectively be integrated into different components of the telecommunication system. The power measurement device and the additional power measurement device can respectively measure the power of the test signal at different measurement points in the signal path. The controller can normalize signals transmitted via the telecommunication system by adjusting a path gain for the signal path based on measurements from the power measurement device and the additional power measurement device.

Abstract: A testing fixture used in an antenna testing process is provided. A cover unit having a second antenna portion is arranged on a base unit configured for an electronic structure having a first antenna portion to be placed thereon. The cover unit includes a non-metal interposing portion configured for pressing the electronic structure to separate the second antenna portion from the first antenna portion. Therefore, when the antenna testing process is performed on the electronic structure, a metal shielding effect is avoided, and an over the air testing environment is provided.

Abstract: To realize a wireless communication device enabling efficient mounting of a proximity sensor, the present invention is provided with: a first antenna; a second antenna which serves also as an electrode for detecting approach of an object; a wireless communicator for performing wireless communication with a connection destination, which uses the second antenna as an auxiliary in the communication, while being capable of performing the communication using the first antenna only; a detector for detecting approach of an object to the second antenna; a switch which couples the second antenna with either of the wireless communicator and the detector; and a controller for setting maximum transmission output of the wireless communicator at a predetermined value, on the basis of approach information on the object which is obtained by coupling of the second antenna with the detector performed by the switch, at a predetermined time interval.

Abstract: The embodiments described herein provide for composite panels that include elements that form one or more Radio Frequency (RF) antennas. The composite panels may be integrated along with other composite panels to form a composite structure for a vehicle. In some cases, the composite panels function both as elements of an RF antenna and as structural elements of the vehicle. In some cases, the composite panels function both as elements of an RF antenna and as a means for static charge dissipation. When operating as an RF antenna, the composite panels are inherently conformal with an outside surface of a composite structure.

Abstract: Various embodiments are presented of a system and method for testing (e.g., rapidly and cheaply) devices with antennas configured for radio frequency (RF) and/or millimeter wave (mmW) transmission and/or reception. A device to be tested (e.g., the device under test (DUT)) may be mounted to an interface in a measurement fixture (e.g., a socket, anechoic chamber, etc.). Power and data connections of the DUT may be tested over the interface, which may also provide connections for input/output signals, power, and control and may also provide positioning. RF characteristics (e.g., including transmission, reception, and/or beamforming) of the DUT may be tested over-the-air using an array of antennas or probes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing TRP measurements of an antenna system uses a sampling grid that takes into account the spherical geometry and the directivity of the antenna under test, while considering test time. The optimization of the sampling grid balances the trade-off between reducing the number of samples to reduce test time, and ensuring accuracy of the TRP estimates.

Abstract: A local coil for a magnetic resonance tomography system is provided. The local coil has a coil winding and a preamplifier connected electrically thereto. The coil winding has a plurality of coil segments that are coupled capacitively to one another.

Abstract: A device (1) for measuring a wireless channel in any frequency band, with the device rotating and being autonomous. The device (1) comprises at least one antenna (2) that is connected to a processor (3) and powered by a battery, with all being mounted on a rotary platform (5), and with the processor (3) being complimented by at least one encoder (6) located in the stationary portion of the device (1) and an axle (7) of the rotary platform (5) that is connected to a motor (8) via the axle (7) in order to drive the rotary platform (5). The device (1) makes it possible to perform evaluations of the channel of the electromagnetic spectrum, not necessarily for 60 GHz. This autonomy makes it possible to perform measurements on the ground in a simple manner without the need to carry around complex equipment or additional power sources.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided, which includes a housing; a conductive member forming at least a part of the housing; first to third nonconductive members separating the conductive member, wherein the conductive member includes a first conductive pattern disposed between the first nonconductive member and the second nonconductive member, and a second conductive pattern disposed between the second nonconductive member and the third nonconductive member; a first feeding part connected to the first conductive pattern; a second feeding part connected to the second conductive pattern; a first ground part connected to the first conductive pattern at a point adjacent to the second nonconductive member; and a communication circuit electrically connected with the conductive member.

Abstract: This application relates to a test chamber for testing a device under test (DUT), the test chamber comprising: a plurality of chamber walls defining an interior of the test chamber which are configured to provide an anechoic and shielded test chamber, an antenna arrangement which is arranged in the form of a plane-wave synthesizing array and which is configured to emit plane-waves into the interior of the test chamber, a receiving area for receiving the DUT, wherein in a test mode the receiving area forms a region of measurement of the DUT, wherein the receiving area is formed by a portion of a first wall of the test chamber and wherein the receiving area is configured such that during test mode heat from the DUT is transferred to the outside of the test chamber. The application further relates to a test system comprising such a test chamber.

Abstract: Techniques for tuning a crossed-field antenna are provided. An example of an antenna system includes a D-plate with a D-plate feed conductor, such that the D-plate is a horizontal conductor raised above and insulated from a ground plane, an E-cylinder with an E-cylinder feed conductor, such that the E-cylinder is a vertical hollow conductive cylinder of smaller diameter than the D-plate, which is mounted concentrically above and insulated from the D-plate, a transmitter tuning circuit configured to receive a signal from a transmitter, an E-cylinder tuning circuit operably coupled to the transmitter tuning circuit and the E-cylinder feed conductor, and a D-plate tuning circuit operably coupled to the transmitter tuning circuit and the D-plate feed conductor.

Abstract: A method for execution by a RFID tag includes receiving, by an antenna of the RFID tag, an RF signal from an RFID reader, where the RF signal has a carrier frequency. The method further includes determining, by a tuning circuit of the RFID tag, a received power level of the RF signal at the carrier frequency and whether the received power level compares favorably to a power level threshold. When the received power level compares unfavorably to the power level threshold, the method further includes adjusting, by the tuning circuit, the input impedance of the RFID tag by adjusting a tank circuit of the RFID tag until the received power level compares favorably to the power level threshold, where the input impedance of the RFID tag is based on one or more of impedance of the antenna and impedance of the tank circuit.

Abstract: A system for testing a DUT having an AAS transceiver. The system includes a scanning array divided into first and partial scanning arrays including first and second probe antennas, respectively, the first partial scanning array determining a first portion and the second partial scanning array determining a second portion of a near field pattern of the DUT. A test transceiver receives an RF signal from the DUT via the scanning array while testing the DUT in a transmit mode. A processing unit selects a first reference probe antenna from the first probe antennas and a second reference probe antenna from the second probe antennas to provide reference signals, and to alternate between consecutively scanning first signals from the first probe antennas and comparing them to the second reference signal, and consecutively scanning second signals from the second probe antennas and comparing them to the first reference signal.

Abstract: An apparatus (100) and method (300) of detecting and determining a vector to a specified material using an H-field antenna (102A) and an E-field antenna (102B), each antenna having at least one coil portion (102A1, 102B1) wound around at least one corresponding rod portion (102B1, 102B2), the coil portions being electrically connected in parallel, and the rod portions being electrically connected in parallel. The specified material is deemed to be present in the field of view of the E-field antenna based upon a change in orientation of the H-field antenna when a first current is applied to the coil portions through a first resistor (606A). An orientation to, and a distance to, the specified material is determined based upon a new orientation of the H-field antenna and the resistivity of a second resistor (606B) when a second current is applied through the second resistor to the rod portions.

Abstract: A flexible planar antenna device and method for using the same is disclosed. In some embodiments, the flexible planar antenna device includes a planar body comprising a flexible dielectric material that enables the planar antenna device to be flexibly shapeable to a surface of a wireless device under test (DUT). The flexible planar antenna device further includes an antenna element contained within the planar body and for communicatively coupling with at least one antenna of the wireless DUT and at least one adhesive element that enables the planar body to attach to and conform to the surface of the DUT.

Abstract: Techniques for tuning a crossed-field antenna are provided. An example of an antenna system includes a D-plate with a D-plate feed conductor, such that the D-plate is a horizontal conductor raised above and insulated from a ground plane, an E-cylinder with an E-cylinder feed conductor, such that the E-cylinder is a vertical hollow conductive cylinder of smaller diameter than the D-plate, which is mounted concentrically above and insulated from the D-plate, a transmitter tuning circuit configured to receive a signal from a transmitter, an E-cylinder tuning circuit operably coupled to the transmitter tuning circuit and the E-cylinder feed conductor, and a D-plate tuning circuit operably coupled to the transmitter tuning circuit and the D-plate feed conductor.

Abstract: This invention presents a RF channel emulator for testing a large-scale Multiple-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) wireless communication system, including embodiments of using over-the-air channels for connecting a RF channel emulator and a large-scale MU-MIMO wireless communication system, calibration processes that maintain the over-the-air channel reciprocity, and emulation of carrier aggregation.

Abstract: Altitude based device management is provided herein. A method can comprise transmitting, by a mobile device comprising a processor, a signaling message to a network device of a wireless network. The signaling message can comprise first data indicating a device type of the mobile device and second data indicating a distance measurement of the mobile device with respect to a reference point. The method can also comprise implementing, by the mobile device, a first instruction related to a power setting and a second instruction related to an operating parameter. The first instruction and the second instruction can be received from the network device and can be based on the device type of the mobile device and the distance measurement of the mobile device.

Abstract: A system and method for providing communications with a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellation using a non-omnidirectional antenna is disclosed. A system and method for determining blockages around a non-omnidirectional antenna for use with a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellation is disclosed. The method including: receiving System Information (SI) including ephemeris data for satellites in the LEO constellation; receiving a segment division that divides a ground about the antenna into segments; and determining a segment blocking information for the antenna.

Abstract: A distance between a center of a first probe antenna and a center of a second probe antenna in a measurement plane is longer than a distance between the center of the first probe antenna and a center of a third probe antenna in the measurement plane by a distance between two measurement positions adjacent to each other in a horizontal direction. A distance between a center of a fourth probe antenna and a center of a fifth probe antenna in the measurement plane is longer than a distance between the center of the fourth probe antenna and a center of a sixth probe antenna in the measurement plane by a distance between two measurement positions adjacent to each other in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A system for determining the radiation pattern of an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements comprises a signal generator for generating a test signal, a number of probes for measuring a magnitude of the signals emitted by the antenna elements when driven with the test signal in a first surface and in a second surface, wherein the distance of the first surface to the antenna elements is smaller than the distance of the second surface to the antenna elements, and a pattern calculation unit for calculating the radiation pattern of the antenna array based on the magnitudes measured in the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A testing system is described, wherein said testing system is configured to perform a multipaction test on a device under test. Said testing system comprises a signal generation unit being configured to stimulate an input of said device under test, a receiving unit being configured to receive and measure at least one output signal of said device under test in order to obtain data related to a multipaction occurrence. Said signal generation unit and said receiving unit are controlled such that both units are operated simultaneously. Said signal generation unit is configured to generate a testing signal for stimulating said input, said testing signal comprising at least two carriers simultaneously. Further, a method for testing a device under test is described.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing the beamforming behavior of a device under test comprises: at least two over-the-air power sensors. Each over-the-air sensor is adapted to measure the power received from the device under test over the air, which leads to at least two respective measurement results. The apparatus also comprises an evaluation unit, which is connected to each of the at least two over-the-air power sensors, and is adapted to receive and to evaluate the at least two respective measurement results.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing, inspecting or screening an electrically powered device for modified or unmodified hardware, firmware or software modifications including Malware, Trojans, adware, improper versioning, worms, or virus and the like, includes an antenna positioned at a distance from the electrically powered device and a signal receiver or sensor for examining a signal from the electrically powered device. The receiver or sensor collects unintended RF energy components emitted by the electrically powered device and includes one or more processors and executable instructions that perform analysis in a response to the acquired signal input while the electrically powered device is active or powered. The characteristics of the collected RF energy may be compared with RF energy characteristics of an unmodified device. The comparison determines one of a modified, unmodified or score of certainty of modified condition of the electrically powered device.

Abstract: Described techniques and apparatuses relate to determining an attenuation environment surrounding a satellite terminal in a satellite communication system. The satellite terminal may receive signals from an auxiliary satellite system, and determine aspects of an attenuation environment that may affect communications with a communications satellite system. For example, transmissions from an auxiliary satellite system may be associated with a respective location of the transmitting satellite in order to define an attenuation profile for the satellite terminal antenna assembly. Subsequent signals from the auxiliary satellite system may be compared with the attenuation map, and the comparison may be used to identify a diagnostic condition for communications with a communications satellite system.

Abstract: Generally, in accordance with the various illustrative embodiments of the invention, a signal analyzer can incorporate a quasi-peak detection circuit that includes a detector diode. The detector diode is reverse-biased by using a direct-current (DC) voltage source. In some exemplary implementations, the DC bias voltage is defined on the basis of a predicted DC voltage at an output node of the quasi-peak detection circuit in response to a noise level contribution of the signal analyzer when the detector diode is unbiased. A signal is propagated through the quasi-peak detection circuit after the detector diode is reverse-biased, followed by a noise floor adjustment procedure. The noise floor adjustment procedure includes an adjustment directed at least in part, at compensating for the DC bias voltage that is used to reverse-bias the detector diode.

Abstract: Adaptive self-tunable antenna systems and methods are provided including a closed-loop system for sensing near-field RF signals of transmitted RF signals and tuning an antenna or switching between multiple antennas, so that the strength of the transmitted RF signals is maximized. A sensing antenna detects the near-field RF signal, which is filtered and converted to an RF strength control signal that can be used to generate an antenna tuning control signal. An antenna tuner uses the antenna tuning control signal to keep the antenna in resonance by dynamically changing the electrical length of the antenna or switching between multiple antennas to maximize the strength of the radiated RF signal. Such antennas may be less prone to detuning due to interaction with human bodies or other objects. Dynamically matching the antennas to an RF power amplifier and low noise amplifier can improve stability, power efficiency, gain, noise figure, and receiver sensitivity.

Abstract: Methods and systems for automated diagnostics include registering an image of a device under test (DUT) to a corresponding design layout. The image is segmented based on the registration to allocate pixels to individual design elements. Emission signatures for the individual design elements are compared to expected signatures. If the emissions differ from the expected signatures more than a threshold amount to determine if a defect is present.

Abstract: To quickly recover from a status in which a local device position estimation is unavailable. A movement processor of an autonomous movement device executes a drive process for a driver so as to move autonomously. A position estimator estimates the local device position. An estimation determiner determines whether or not the estimation result of the local device position by the position estimator is uniquely defined. A movement process controller controls the movement processor so as to move to a position where the estimation result of the local device position by the position estimator is uniquely defined when the estimation determiner determines that the estimation result is not defined uniquely.

Abstract: A calibration system for calibrating an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements comprises a signal generator for generating a predetermined test signal and, the signal generator being couplable to the antenna elements for providing the test signal to the antenna elements, a number of probes for measuring at least one physical parameter, which is influenced by emissions of the antenna elements, and providing respective measurement signals, and a position determination unit for determining based on the measurement signals the positions of the antenna elements as calibrated positions.

Abstract: A method for measuring intermodulation produced in a measurement segment of a signal transmission path, by: producing a first HF signal (u1(t)) and a second HF signal (u2(t)), both having a predetermined frequency progression; feeding the first HF signal (u1(t)) and the second HF signal (u2(t)) to the signal transmission path, wherein an intermodulation signal is produced, which intermodulation signal has a first intermodulation signal component (urPIM(t)) produced in an input segment of the signal transmission path and a second intermodulation signal component (uPIM(t)) produced in the measurement segment of the signal transmission path; producing a compensation signal (uc(t)) in accordance with the first intermodulation signal component (urPIM(t)) produced in the input segment; introducing the compensation signal (uc(t)) into the signal transmission path in order to reduce or cancel out the first intermodulation signal component (urPIM(t)).

Abstract: An antenna arrangement includes an antenna element and a corresponding feeder line configured to feed a signal to and from the antenna element, and includes a portion of a couplerline spaced apart from but proximate to the antenna element, the feeder line, and a selectivity element. The portion of the couplerline is configured to receive via inductive coupling the signal from one or both of the feeder line and the antenna element, and to transmit a signal via inductive coupling to the feeder line and/or the antenna element. The antenna arrangement includes the selectivity element, which is spaced apart from but proximate to the antenna element, the feeder line, and the portion of the couplerline, and which is configured to select or not select the antenna element for coupling to the portion of the couplerline. An apparatus may include multiple antenna arrangements (with subgroups) and be configured for AAS calibration.

Abstract: A wireless relay performs Radio Frequency (RF) testing at geographic azimuths. In the wireless relay, a wireless access point wirelessly exchanges user data with wireless user devices and exchanges the user data with Relay Equipment (RE). In the wireless relay, the RE exchanges the user data with the wireless access point and wirelessly exchanges the user data with a wireless communication network. The RE wirelessly receives a directional RF test instruction indicating geographic azimuths. The RE performs a directional RF test at the geographic azimuths based on the directional RF test instruction. The RE transfers RF test results for the geographic azimuths to the wireless communication network.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to systems and methods for emulating a massive MIMO beamforming antenna array of arbitrary size—a channel model between a transmitter and a receiver, with one or more signal paths having respective amplitudes, angles of arrival, angle spreads, and delays. The disclosed technology includes defining a complete channel model H, calculating the correlation matrix for the channel, grouping the base antenna elements of the antenna array by combinations of signal and polarization, and calculating observed beamforming power of each group of the base elements, by applying a cross-correlation matrix to determine observed power signals and delay of each signal at each remote antenna element of the user equipment. Emulation includes supplying cross-correlated signals to remote antenna elements of user equipment during a RF test of the user equipment. Disclosed technology includes a channel emulator that generates output streams for testing user equipment for multiple users.

Abstract: In a method for determining the performance of at least one antenna in a system including a plurality of antennas, the method subdivides a reception area and/or a transmission area of at least one antenna into a plurality of sectors, determines at least one value of a performance parameter for at least one of the plurality of sectors indicating an antenna performance, and determines at least one statistical value from the values of the performance parameter.

Abstract: Some aspects of the present disclosure feature a system for sensing a change in environment comprising a MMR sensor and a reader. The MMR sensor is configured to be disposed in the environment. The MMR sensor comprises a magnetic bias layer, a resonator, a spacer, and an environmental change receptor. The reader is configured to measure a frequency characteristic of the MMR sensor after the environmental variable changes and the change to the environmental variable is evaluated based on the frequency characteristic.

Abstract: An antenna unit for monitoring the RF transmission line and RF signal path to an antenna unit used in a distributed antenna system. The antenna has a resistor connected to ground, and a DC injector including a capacitor having a first side connected to an RF transmission line and a second side connected to the antenna, with a first inductor coupled between the resistor and the monitoring module.

Abstract: A method for execution by a RFID tag includes receiving, from an RFID reader, an RF signal, where the RF signal has a carrier frequency of a plurality of carrier frequencies that span a broad frequency band. The method further includes adjusting input impedance of the RFID tag over a range of input impedances, where the input impedance of the RFID tag is based on one or more of impedance of the RFID tag's antenna and tank circuit. The method further includes monitoring power level of the received RF signal over the range of input impedances. The method further includes selecting the input impedance of the range of input impedances providing a substantially maximum power level of the received RF signal, where the substantially maximum power level corresponds to the carrier frequency being substantially equal to a resonant frequency of at least one of the antenna and the tank circuit.

Abstract: A near field communication (NFC) device is described. The NFC device includes an NFC back end. The NFC back end includes an application processor and a first transceiver. The NFC device also includes an NFC head end that is physically separated from the NFC back end. The NFC head end includes an antenna, a contactless front end, and a second transceiver.

Abstract: A test system for testing a device under test includes: a signal processor configured to generate a plurality of independent signals and to apply first fading channel characteristics to each of the independent signals to generate a plurality of first faded test signals; a test system interface configured to provide the plurality of first faded test signals to one or more signal input interfaces of the device under test (DUT); a second signal processor configured to apply second fading channel characteristics to a plurality of output signals of the DUT to generate a plurality of second faded test signals, wherein the second fading channel characteristics are derived from the first fading channel characteristics; and one or more test instruments configured to measure at least one performance characteristic of the DUT from the plurality of second faded test signals.