Abstract: A disclosed antenna device includes a ground plate, a feeding unit that extends from the ground plate at a predetermined angle for a predetermined length, the feeding unit being prepared perpendicular to the ground plate, and a non-conductive section formed in the ground plate. The shape of the non-conductive section is adjusted according to a desired frequency characteristic.

Abstract: A biconical antenna; an entry conic having an entry base opposite an entry vertex and a termination conic having a termination base opposite a termination vertex. The entry and termination conics share substantially the same axis and the entry vertex is adjacent the termination vertex. The transmission line is received by the entry conic and terminated in the termination conic. Together, the entry conic and the termination conic phase correct energy emanating from the transmission line. Another embodiment of the antenna comprises an entry conic having at least two sub-conics and a termination conic having at least two sub-conics. Each of the sub-conics having an integer multiple of a half-angle. The biconical antenna may also include a multi-conductor transmission line, wherein the biconical antennas are arranged in a co-linear relationship. Each of the multi-conductors is coupled to at least one of the plurality of biconical antennas.

Abstract: An antenna includes a dielectric substrate disposed on a ground conductor and first and second radiating conductors containing meandering lines that are symmetrically disposed on a surface of the dielectric substrate and whose lower ends are connected at a junction. A third radiating conductor is disposed between the first radiating conductor and the second radiating conductor and extends in a straight line along the symmetry axis of both the radiating conductors. A capacitive conductor is disposed on the dielectric substrate and is substantially parallel to the ground conductor. The upper ends of the first, second and third radiating conductors are connected to the capacitive conductor. Power of a frequency supplied to the junction causes the first and second radiating conductors to resonate while power of a higher frequency causes the third radiating conductor to resonate.

Abstract: A monolithic surface mountable monopole antenna. The antenna comprises a top plate having a plurality of conductive regions and a like plurality of legs extending away from a plane of the top plate in a direction of a ground plane. Each leg is disposed between two adjacent conductive regions. In an embodiment wherein the top plate comprises four conductive regions, two of the four legs are connected to an underlying ground plane and two of the legs are connected to a signal feed conductor.

Abstract: A variable-directivity antenna comprises an omnidirectional antenna element, a transmission line connected to the antenna element, and an electric field adjusting structure provided in a boundary region between the antenna element and the transmission line. The electric field adjusting structure is configured to change electric field distribution of the transmission line to a desired direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated structure of a radio-frequency front end of a communications apparatus. The antenna of the communications apparatus is constructed on a printed circuit board. To this antenna board (310), on its ground plane side, a second circuit board (321) is attached by means of a rigid protective frame (410), which second circuit board includes the other parts of the radio-frequency front end. Between the parts impedance levels are used that are appropriate from the electrical operation perspective. All said parts together form an integrated component (400) to be located inside the housing of the communications apparatus. The advantage of the invention is that it requires a smaller number of components needed for matching between the RF parts, and makes possible a greater sensitivity of the receiver as well as a better transmitter efficiency than prior art structures.

Abstract: A monopole antenna for use with at least two wireless communication services, having a monopole element (10) disposed along a straight line (11) and connected with a roof capacitor (1) that is designed as a flat area, the area normal line (12) pointing in the direction of the straight line (11). The roof capacitor (1) has rotational symmetry, and is formed by flat ring structures (2) that are separated from one another by ring-shaped gaps (3), the structures being oriented concentric to the straight line (11). Reactance circuits (4) connect the ring structures (2) with one another so that they are active for a wireless communication service having the lowest frequency, and the outermost ring structure (2) is essentially ineffective for the wireless communication service having the next higher frequency, because of the high impedance of the reactance circuit (4).

Abstract: A radiating conductor having first and second meandering portions and capacitive conductor portions is provided on a surface of a dielectric substrate perpendicularly provided on a grounding conductor plate. The first meandering portion and one of the capacitive conductor portions are locally opposed to each other to form a capacitive coupling portion. The first meandering portion receives high-frequency power through its bottom end. The second meandering portion is formed to have a smaller pitch than the first meandering portion, and continues to the upper end of the first meandering portion. One capacitive conductor portion formed on a front surface continues to the upper end of the second meandering portion, while the other capacitive conductor portion is formed on a back surface and connected with the former capacitive conductor portion via through holes.

Abstract: A top-loading monopole antenna apparatus having a feeding point is provided for use in a communication system such as a mobile communication system or the like. The top-loading monopole antenna apparatus includes a grounding conductor, a top-loading electrode, a linear conductor element, and a short-circuit conductor. The grounding conductor is provided so as to oppose the grounding conductor. The linear conductor element electrically connects the feeding point with the top-loading electrode, and the short-circuit conductor electrically connects the top-loading electrode through a reactive element. This antenna structure leads to a height which is lower than that of prior art, and easy impedance matching.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing an antenna are presented. The antenna is capable of being mounted on a printed circuit board. In accordance with the method, the design dimension of a unitary piece of material are selected according to an operating wavelength. The unitary piece of material is stamped out from a larger section of material according to the design dimensions to form an antenna. The unitary piece of material includes a circular area and a stem area. The circular area has a center and an outer region. The stem area has a first end and a second end. The first end is joined with the outer region. The unitary piece is bendable at the first end and the outer region.

Abstract: A monopole antenna having a ground plane, a vertically extending feed line passing through a feed hole in the ground plane, a top hat in the shape of a disk connected to the feed line, the top hat being spaced from and extending over at least a portion of the ground plane, and a matching network disposed in a space between the top hat and ground plane, the matching network being arranged to effectively extend the feed hole in the ground plane. Such an antenna structure improves antenna bandwidth without increasing antenna volume or requiring external matching circuitry.

Abstract: A patch antenna and the related applications are disclosed. The patch antenna includes a radiating metal plate; a metal supporting plate; and a metal fixed plate, wherein the radiating metal plate is round shape with a stripe-shape opening. When the patch antenna is operated at 5.25 GHz, good radiation pattern and antenna gain are provided to cover the bandwidth utilized in Industrial-Scientific-Medical (ISM) band. Moreover, the present invention uses the arrangement of antenna diversity to install two antennas on a base board at the same time, thereby obtaining better antenna performance.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement (300) comprises a ground conductor (102) on which is mounted an antenna (304). The antenna is small relative to a wavelength at operational frequencies of the antenna arrangement (300) and the dimensions of the antenna (304) are selected so that the combined impedance of the antenna (304) and ground conductor (102) is suitable for driving via a conventional matching circuit. This condition is met when the bandwidth of the arrangement is dominated by that of the antenna and ground conductor, rather than that of the matching circuit. In one embodiment the antenna is a triangular conducting element which is considerably wider than its height, the length being sufficient to to give a reasonable resistance and the width being sufficient to reduce the reactance to a level that can reasonably be matched.

Abstract: A monopole antenna element being low in price and usable in a wide band, for which fine adjustment of input impedance and resonance frequency is easily carried out. The monopole antenna in accordance with the present invention comprises a top plate having an elliptical shape, a printed board, and a monopole that is joined with the center of the top plate at one end. The top plate may assume a shape other than ellipse when being symmetrical with respect to two orthogonal axes passing through the center of the area of the top plate, in which the lengths of the axes are different from each other. Besides, the top plate may include a cutaway(s) to reduce field emissions having horizontal components. In addition, the top plate may be provided with a fold along with an axis passing through the center of the area of the top plate so that adjustments for input impedance, etc. of the antenna can be carried out. On the other hand, the monopole may have a bend part for adjusting input impedance, etc. of the antenna.

Abstract: An antenna consisting of a thin strip bent-wire monopole disposed on an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is loaded at the end opposite to the feed point with a distributed or lumped capacitance to achieve an electrically small antenna for use in handheld wireless devices. The capacitive load reduces the length of the antenna to smaller than one-quarter of a wavelength at a given frequency of operation without suffering a substantial loss of efficiency. This results in an easier integration into portable devices, greater radiation efficiency than other loaded antenna approaches and longer battery life in portable devices, and lower cost than use of a chip inductor.

Abstract: A monopole wire-plate antenna comprising a ground plane (10), a first radiating element in the form of a capacity top (11, 12) adapted to be connected to a generator, and a second radiating element in the form of a conductor wire (14, 14′, 15, 15′) connecting the capacity top to the ground plane is disclosed. It comprises a plurality of at least one of said radiating elements.

Abstract: A top-loading monopole antenna apparatus having a feeding point is provided for use in a communication system such as a mobile communication system or the like. The top-loading monopole antenna apparatus includes a grounding conductor, a top-loading electrode, a linear conductor element, and a short-circuit conductor. The grounding conductor is provided so as to oppose to the grounding conductor. The linear conductor element electrically connects the feeding point with the top-loading electrode, and the short-circuit conductor electrically connects the top-loading electrode through a reactive element. This antenna structure leads to a height lower than that of prior art, and easy impedance matching.

Abstract: An umbrella-shaped crown section 5a is provided on the front end of a linear element section 5b. The front end of the umbrella-shaped crown section 5a and the power supply section 6a at the lower end of the element section 5b are connected by means of a folded element 5c. Thereby, the dual-frequency antenna 5 is able to operate in two different frequency bands.

Abstract: The invention is a multi-band antenna in which two, three or more antennas are contained within a single housing/radome. Two top-loaded monopole antennas are nested together with one of the antennas being positioned between the ground plate and top plate of the other antenna. Inductive shunts for counteracting the capacitance in the two top-loaded monopole antennas can be provided by hollow conductive tubes in order to help the antenna more closely emulate a purely resistive 50 ohm impedance. A third, microstrip antenna may be positioned on top of the top conductive plate of the outer top-loaded monopole antenna. The cable for the microstrip antenna is routed through the ground plate and top plate of at least one of the top-loaded antennas and through the inside of one of the hollow inductive shunts.

Abstract: A wideband double monopole meanderline loaded antenna having a single feed a single feed is disclosed. Equalizing delay lines of the antenna can be manipulated to equalize reactance of the antenna thereby enabling proper impedance matching.

Abstract: The invention is a low profile antenna array, particularly beneficial for AM broadcasting stations, which dramatically reduces the height of the antenna. The antenna array is constructed of at least two conductors oriented horizontally or sloping slightly up and extending away from a center location where they have upright sections extending above the ground plane by as little as 0.01 wavelength. The individual conductors are each approximately one-quarter wavelength long. The multiple conductors of the antenna array are each fed by impedance matching sections to achieve high individual impedances, which, when connected in parallel can be made to match any desired impedance with dimensional changes.

Abstract: An antenna is provided having a relatively simple structure as arranged capable of operating at desired frequencies. The antenna has a chassis having a grounding conductor provided as a bottom surface, a ceiling conductor provided as a top surface opposite to the grounding conductor, and side conductors provided as antenna sides. At least one opening is provided in a part of said chassis, which opens for radiation of electric waves. A feeding point provided on the grounding conductor for connection to a power supply via a predetermined feeding line from the outside. An antenna element connected to the feeding point at one end while being connected to the ceiling conductor via a frequency selectable circuit at the other end, and surrounded by the side conductors.

Abstract: An antenna (20) operable over a predetermined range of frequency includes a transmission line (36), a transformer network (42) connected to one end of the transmission line, and at least one inductor-resistor network (46) connected to an opposite end of the transformer network. The inductor-resistor network (46) changes the effective electrical length of the antenna (20) such that as the frequency of operation changes, the current distribution above and below the inductor-resistor network changes in a corresponding manner. A second inductor-resistor network (56) may be serially connected to the other network (46), wherein both function to reduce the current thereabove. Accordingly, as the frequency of operation increases, the electrical height of the antenna decreases.

Abstract: A tapered, inverted-L bow-tie antenna is disclosed which includes a bow-tie antenna component connected to a central feed and having top-loading elements connected to each bow-tie half opposite the central feed. According to the invention, a series inductance is introduced between the feed and the antenna tips, and preferably at the transition between the bow-tie halves and the top-loading elements. In a preferred embodiment, the inductive loading is introduced by a buttonhook or hairpin curve in the antenna region between the bow-tie portion and the tapered portion. The added inductance reduces the capacitive reactance. The low impedance partway on stem also increases current flow, and thus the antenna's performance. The input impedance is also increased, making it easier to match the antenna to a driving hardware. The antenna can be used by itself or in combination with a log periodic dipole array.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus 10 includes a chip antenna 14 provided with a conductor 11, a power-supply electrode 12 to which one end of the conductor 11 is connected, and a terminal electrode 13 to which the other end of the conductor is connected; and a mounting substrate 18 provided with a line-shaped radiative conductor 15 formed by printing an electrically conductive material on a surface, a line-shaped conductive pattern 16, and a substantially rectangular ground electrode 17. The chip antenna 14 is mounted on the mounting substrate 18. The power-supply electrode 12 of the chip antenna 14 is connected through the conductive pattern 16 on the mounting substrate 18 to a power-supply source V. The terminal electrode 13 of the chip antenna 14 is connected to one end of the radiative conductor 15 on the mounting substrate 18.

Abstract: Indoor UHF antennas for HDTV and ATSC television signals each include a reflector backplate from which is supported one or more dipoles. Both passive and active antennas are disclosed. The active antennas include: single amplifier with a single dipole; push-pull amplifier with a single dipole; two amplifiers with two parallel dipoles; and two push-pull amplifiers with crossed dipoles. The dipole plates comprise printed circuit boards with the amplifiers directly deposited on the obverse sides of the dipole plates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mobile antenna for a plurality of radio services in the form of a dipole or monopole, with an antenna conductor and with at least one flatly designed roof capacity disposed substantially vertical relative to the antenna conductor for a first radio service with polarization disposed vertically relative to the roof capacity. The roof capacity is designed in the form of a conductive board or a thin conductive layer. In order to create an antenna function for at least one additional radio service with polarization oriented parallel with the roof capacitance, at least one slot is incorporated in the conductive board or layer with the slot length selected to form a suitable impedance bandwidth. In order to decouple signals of an additional radio service, first and second connection points are formed on the edges of the slot, wherein the connecting points oppose each other.

Abstract: A multi-element radio antenna assembly is described. The antenna assembly includes a ground plane element having an array of conductor elements disposed thereon. A pair of LC trap structures provide dual band resonance for cellular telephone and PCS device bandwidth ranges. Additional performance may be achieved with parasitic reflector and director elements. The multi-element directional antenna finds particular applicability for in-vehicle use.

Abstract: A disk-shaped conductor 22, a ring-shaped conductor 24 and a ring-shaped conductor 26 are arranged in that order on the same plane. One end of a linear conductor 21 is connected perpendicularly to the center of the disk-shaped conductor 22, and the outer edge of the disk-shaped conductor 22 is connected to the inner edge of the ring-shaped conductor 24 via an anti-resonance circuit 23. Moreover, the outer edge of the ring-shaped conductor 24 is connected to the inner edge of the ring-shaped conductor 26 via an anti-resonance circuit 25.

Abstract: An extensible top-loaded biconical antenna is modified to improve low frequency performance while retaining standard performance specifications when needed. The biconical antenna includes a balun and a pair of conical outrigger assemblies coupled to said balun. A conducting tophat plate is removably attached to the ends of each outrigger assembly. The tophats increase the capacitance of the antenna, thereby improving its low frequency gain by 10 dB or more.

Abstract: A top-loaded, vertically polarized antenna (10) comprised of two ring radiators (108, 110) formed into loops to provide a dual resonant frequency antenna less than 8 inches on a side for use in the 130 to 150 MHz frequency band. By using separate transmit and receive elements, separate resonant frequencies can be provided without the use of lossy duplexers. The antenna can be concealed inside a housing also containing the radio equipment.

Abstract: In an umbrella top-loaded monopole (UTLM) antenna, the charge distribution n top-load radials increases approximately linearly from the top of the antenna because the activated top-load wires are separating from the tower and each other at the same time they are getting closer to ground. The UTLM antenna of the invention incorporates a top-load configuration in which top-load elements, whether they be radiating or receiving, are arranged in sections of rhombic-shaped frames that originate at the top of the antenna and that extend away from the antenna towards the antenna's base where, at those points of the configuration furthest from the antenna tower and closest to ground at least two top-load elements converge to shield each other and hence reduce charge density. The top-load sections are disposed between the vertical guy wire planes of an antenna to ease their installation, repair and maintenance. The self-shielding effect of the invention permits an antenna to operate at considerably higher voltage.

Abstract: A dual band antenna for mobile communications includes a rod-shaped radiating element having a first portion of a predetermined length connected to a coaxial feed line, and a second portion of a specified length integrally extended from the first portion. The coaxial feed line connects to a ground plate, and a first capacitive load connects to the first portion of the radiating element. A choke surrounds the second portion of the radiating element, and has a shorting end connected to a distal end of the second portion and an open end at a proximal end of the second portion. A second capacitive load connects to the shorting end of the choke. In a higher operating band of the dual band, the input impedance of the choke is high, such that only the first (lower) portion of the radiating element radiates. At a lower operating band of the dual band, the choke's input impedance is lower to allow for radiation from the entire length of the antenna.

Abstract: The invention provides a mobile image apparatus (10), comprising: a case unit (11); at least one antenna (12) disposed at least one of within said case unit (11) and outside said case unit (11); wherein said chip antenna (12) comprises; a substrate (1) made of at least one of a dielectric material and a magnetic material; at least one conductor (2) disposed at least one of within said substrate (1) and on a surface of said substrate (1); at least one power feeding terminal (3) disposed on a surface of said substrate (1) and connected to one end of said conductor (2) for applying a voltage to said conductor (2).

Abstract: An antenna for utilization in a fuse of an artillery shell is disclosed. The antenna comprises a radiator, a capacitance hat disposed at a first end of the radiator for capacitively loading the radiator and a ground plane disposed at a second end of the radiator such that the antenna is a monopole antenna. The antenna also includes a dielectric having a top surface, a bottom surface and a central longitudinal axis wherein the capacitance hat is disposed on the top surface of the dielectric and the ground plane is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric. A fuse utilized for detonating the explosive charge of an artillery shell is further disclosed. The fuse includes a fuse casing with the antenna of the present invention disposed within the interior cavity of the fuse casing.

Abstract: An antenna assembly comprises an elongate antenna element (11) mounted in a support (5) and movable between a retracted position and an extended position. A helical antenna element (12) in electrical contact with the helical element is carried at one end of the elongate element. The coupling between the feed point and the antenna in the retracted and extended positions allow the same matching circuitry to be used in both conditions. The invention provides a compact and convenient dual antenna arrangement ideally suited for use in a portable cellular radio telephone.

Abstract: A retractable antenna assembly with a rod disconnect mechanism includes a conductive resilient member positioned intermediate the top load element and the rod. The resilient member translates in a transverse direction corresponding to the extension and retraction of the antenna to disconnect the rod from the top load element when the antenna is retracted.

Abstract: This invention relates to an antenna operable in a multi-mode radio transceiver. One aspect of the present invention, provides a radio antenna having resonant frequencies operable to receive and transmit radio signals in different frequency bands according to two operating protocols.

Abstract: The invention provides a compact and light-weight antenna device for use in a mobile telephone requiring a wide frequency band. An antenna device 10 includes a first printed circuit board 11 and a ground plate 12 generally arranged in parallel, and a second printed circuit board 13 arranged vertically between the first printed circuit board 11 and the ground plate 12, and an antenna body 14 mounted on the second printed circuit board 13. A capacitive load conductor 15 is mounted on the first printed circuit board 11, and a surface electrode 16, a ground electrode 17 and a transmission line 18 are mounted on the second printed circuit board 13. The antenna body 14 is provided with terminals 19 and 21 connected to both ends of a conductor (not shown).

Abstract: An electric dipole antenna includes a first and a second arm extending along a dipole axis away from a feed gap in substantially opposite directions. A first and a second end body are operatively coupled to opposite ends of the first and the second arms. Each end body has a width dimension which extends perpendicular to the dipole axis. A dipole length dimension extends along the dipole axis through the first and the second arms and the first and the second end bodies. A current conduction circuit provides a radiation field for the electric dipole antenna. The circuit passes along the first and the second arms and around a closed perimeter of the first and the second end bodies. As a result, the electric dipole antenna exhibits a series resonant frequency at a wavelength which is at least eight times the dipole length dimension. In addition, an electric monopole antenna design is used. The monopole is situated over a conducting ground plane which reflects the above-ground plane portion of the antenna.

Abstract: A chip antenna comprising a substrate comprising at least one material selected from a dielectric material and a magnetic material, at least one conductor formed at least one of in the interior of the substrate and on the surface of the substrate, at least one feeding terminal provided on the surface of the substrate and connected to an end of the conductor for applying a voltage to the conductor, and at least one capacitor-forming conductor provided at least one of in the interior of the substrate and on the surface of the substrate and connected to the other end of the conductor. An antenna device comprising an antenna main body and a mounting board for mounting the antenna main body is also disclosed. The antenna main body may have the same configuration as the above-described chip antenna.

Abstract: Disclosed is a small, lightweight antenna having a relatively high gain, particularly suited for use with a portable radio device such as a bidirectional pager. In an exemplary embodiment, the antenna includes a loaded monopole radiator and a ground radiator. The loaded monopole radiator includes first and second conductors on a printed circuit substrate, where the first conductor has a given length oriented in a horizontal direction. The second conductor has a meander line shape and is oriented in a vertical direction. The ground radiator includes separately a first ground and a second ground at a lower portion of the printed circuit substrate, where the first and second grounds are symmetrical with respect to the second conductor.

Abstract: A top loaded antenna is provided that is composed of a triangular-shaped resonator and a dielectric substrate. The triangular-shaped resonator is located on a first plane with its top connected a vertical rectangular strip and its bottom connected to a microstrip feed line through a smooth tapering strip. There is one grounded strip on both sides of the smooth tapering strip in parallel to the rectangular strip load, where each grounded strip is connected to a grounded metallic plate on a second plane through a plurality of via holes. The present invention utilizes the top loading technique and the smooth tapering technique to create the design of a compact and built-in antenna which will provide a planar antenna structure with broad bandwidth and high radiation efficiency. The inventive antenna has a very even radiation field on the horizontal plane and is thus ideal for the radio transceiver used in mobile communications.

Abstract: A physically short broad-bandwidth multiband vertical antenna with 50 ohm input impedance and 25 foot square footprint for 160, 80, 40 and 17 meter radio bands. Low ohmic resistance due to the small physical size combined with system impedance transformation and capacitive input coupling provide radiation resistance corresponding to an efficiency of about 85 percent. The 2:1 SWR bandwidth is 50 kHz on 160 meters and 87 kHz on 80 meters. A 30 foot mast, top hat capacitive load, and a plurality of parallel vertical skirt wires depending from the top hat around the mast are electrically connected together at the top of the mast. An impedance transforming multi-tap coil is connected between mast and ground. Skirt wires are in two sets separately fed at their lower ends by separate coaxial cable coupling capacitors for operation on different bands. A 50 ohm feed line, skirt wires, coupling capacitors and impedance transforming coil all have terminal connections on a mast-base insulator.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) local area network (LAN) adapter card for a personal computer conforms to the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) standard 2.0 (extended), providing a credit-card sized RF LAN communications terminal that plugs into the side of a personal computer, a laptop computer, a palmtop computer, and the like. The RF LAN adapter card includes a minimum height, broadband integrated antenna that provides a vertically polarized RF signal with good horizontal range. The combination of the antenna and its surrounding radome provide a high gain, omnidirectional radiation pattern that overcomes the parasitic distortions imposed by the close proximity of the personal computer housing. The adapter card housing includes internal RF shielding structures that shield the antenna from noise radiated by radio frequency signal circuits within the housing.

Abstract: A radiocommunication device wherein a signal pattern generated from an antenna is attenuated in a direction of a user of the device. A conducting surface is positioned proximate the antenna at a location designed to provide this attenuation.

Abstract: An antenna which is adapted to have multiple fundamental resonances includes an outer conductor electrically connected to a feed network and having a generally tubular portion opening through one end to define an internal cavity therein. The antenna also includes an interior conductor electrically connected at a first end to a portion of the outer conductor within the internal cavity. The interior conductor extends through the opening defined in the outer conductor to a second end to thereby define an extended conductor portion which extends beyond the outer conductor. The antenna also includes decoupling means for electrically decoupling the extended conductor portion of the interior conductor from the antenna for signals having frequencies within the upper frequency band. In one embodiment, the internal conductor portion has a predetermined electrical length equal to an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength of a signal having a frequency in the upper frequency band of the antenna.

Abstract: A High Efficiency Compact Antenna Assembly for use as a vertical antenna, used for the radiation and reception of various band length signals. The antenna assembly includes an assembly such that operation of the antenna is as efficient as antennae of much greater height. The structure of the assembly preferably includes a large surface area housing atop a conductive mast and in spaced apart electrical communication with a substantially circular collector. Spanning from the outside wall of the vertical cylinder to the mast is a minimal turn inductor so that the inductor does not create a field that would interfere with the field from the mast of the antenna. A transmitter.backslash.receiver is in connection with the antenna assembly at the mast and the collector. The mast, minimal turn inductor, and vertical cylinder are in connection with each other, while the collector interacts electrically with each.

Abstract: An antenna includes a dielectric substrate, an input/output electrode, a metal wire, and a metal cap. The metal wire is coiled so that its forward end is connected to the input/output electrode through a connecting electrode and a lead electrode while its another end is connected to an inner surface of a top plate of the metal cap. The metal cap is fixed onto a major surface of the dielectric substrate.

Abstract: A planar inverted-F antenna is described that is provided with a capacitive load that allows the dimensions of the antenna to be reduced from a conventional .lambda./4 to .lambda./8. To maintain good bandwidth and impedance matching in spite of the presence of the capacitive load, a capacitive feed is also provided.