Abstract: A millimeter or submillimeter wavelength device including a substrate (2) having a horn shaped cavity (18), and first and second extension layers formed on a top surface of the substrate adjacent to the horn shaped cavity. The first and second extension layers define additional opposed sides of the horn shaped cavity, channels, and walls of the waveguide. Internal surfaces of the horn shaped cavity, the channels, and the waveguide walls include a conductive layer. Two such structures, which are mirror images of each other, are joined to form a horn antenna with integrated channels and a waveguide. The device is fabricated by forming a resist layer on a substrate which includes a horn shaped cavity. The resist layer is etched to form a half horn antenna, channels and walls of a waveguide. Internal surfaces of the half horn antenna, the channels, and the walls of the waveguide are then metalized. Two such metalized structures are then joined to form a full horn antenna integrated with channels and a waveguide.

Abstract: A feed horn comprises a waveguide having an opening portion of a circular section and a horn portion having an elliptic open end and connected to the waveguide. On an inner slant peripheral surface of the horn portion are formed a plurality of elliptic grooves at radial intervals axially from a front end of the horn portion toward the waveguide, as well as a plurality of axially extending elliptic ridges partitioned by the grooves. Tip ends of the ridges are formed with a difference in height so as to approach the waveguide successively as they are positioned radially centrally. The horn portion has an elliptic tapered portion which expands in a horn shape from one axial end of the horn portion toward a front end of the elliptic open end, namely, the axial front end of the horn portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antenna system for motor vehicles. This system allows mobile reception of television and radio broadcasts and of data of geostationary satellites independently of the operating condition of the vehicle. The system is for an antenna arrangement for the frequency range greater than 10 Ghz with quasi-omni-radiation in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave is transmitted from and received by an antenna system having a cavity member, a passive antenna element and a driver element. The cavity member has a back portion and a wall portion which define a substantially cylindrical interior portion. The antenna element has a first end disposed within the interior portion of the cavity member. The driver element is coupled to the interior portion of the cavity member.

Abstract: A feedhorn of the invention comprises: at least first and second waveguides in positions so as to face each other over a center line, each having an axis parallel to the center line; and first and second horns on extension lines of the axes. The outer ends of the first and second horns have aperture end faces, respectively. Each of the aperture end faces of the first and second horns is tilted toward the center line by a predetermined angle so that the first and second horns are perpendicular to the travel directions of radio waves transmitted from at least two broadcasting satellites orbiting around the earth and reflected by an antenna on the ground.

Abstract: An antenna system that includes one or more antenna feed horns (30), where each feed horn (30) includes a plurality of micro-mechanical devices (38) positioned around the aperture (32) of the feed horn (30). The micro-mechanical devices (38) are linear motion devices that can be activated to extend a conductive surface (40) beyond the end of the feed horn (30). By selectively actuating groups of the micro-mechanical devices (38) to extend the conductive surfaces (40), the end of the feed horn (30) can be changed to provide different asymmetrical configurations, causing the beam direction to change accordingly. The micro-mechanical devices (38) can be any suitable mechanical device, such as MEMS devices or carbon nanotube artificial muscles.

Abstract: A radiation section of a dielectric feeder protrudes from an opening of a waveguide to improve the efficiency of receiving radio signals. An opening is provided at one end of the waveguide. A dielectric feeder held within the waveguide has a radiation section protruding from the opening. An annular wall having a bottom surrounds the opening of the waveguide. The depth of the annular wall is about ¼ of the wavelength of radio waves, and the width of a bottom surface of the annular wall is about ⅙ to {fraction (1/10)} of the wavelength of the radio waves. Consequently, the phases of a surface current that flows from the opening toward the bottom surface of the annular wall and a surface current which flows from the bottom surface of the annular wall toward the open end are substantially out of phase. As a result, the side lobes of the received radio signals are greatly reduced, and the gain of the main lobe is increased, improving the reception of radio waves transmitted from a satellite.

Abstract: Electromagnetic radiating structures suitable for use as antennas or in electromagnetic field test facilities. An electromagnetic field test facility is a test enclosure used for observing the behaviour of equipment in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields and for detecting radiation from the equipment. A broadband Gigahertz field electromagnetic test facility is also disclosed in which an array of horn antennas is used to illuminate a relatively large test area at high power densities, or to measure radiation from tested equipment in a frequency range extending from DC to hundreds of Gigahertz.

Abstract: A monopulse antenna apparatus and antenna structure comprising a single horn having four dielectric bars which are internally inserted into the horn and symmetrically positioned along the axis of the horn. Each one end of the bars are fixed to the end wall of a rectangular waveguide and the other end is extending outwardly along the axis of the rectangular waveguide, thus these four dielectric bars are excited by externally applied electromagnetic waves. The four dielectric bars respectively cause the electric field to converge on the bars, and the single horn with four internally inserted dielectric bars acts as if it is partitioned into four horns.

Abstract: A tunable photonic band-gap device is disclosed which utilizes photoresponsive materials and is tunable over a range of wavelengths with the application of light. The device comprises a structure having a plurality of photoresponsive regions arranged in a matrix whereby the behavior of the device in preventing electromagnetic radiation from propagating through the structure may be modified by applying light to the photoresponsive regions. In one embodiment, a photonic band-gap transistor has a light propagation path defined by a plurality of dielectric and photoresponsive rods disposed in a substrate for the routing of a signal through the structure from an inlet to an outlet. The path comprises an input signal path beginning at the inlet, an output signal path terminating at the outlet, and a control signal path which merges with the input signal path to be joined with the output signal path at a common intersection point.

Abstract: A horn antenna for transmitting microwaves. A conical horn includes a small opening and a large opening. A transition piece includes a tapering portion and a non-tapering portion. The transition piece is arranged in the conical horn between a waveguide and an environment that the horn antenna is arranged in. A transition between the tapering portion and the non-tapering portion is arranged between the small opening and the large opening of the conical horn. The non-tapering portion engages the small opening of the conical horn.

Abstract: A microwave transmission antenna arrangement for transmission of microwave signals from a position located in the adjacent vicinity of a bale transfer apparatus for transporting bales past the antenna for assessment of bale characteristics such as moisture in cotton including an antenna supported by a forgiving support by being relatively movable in position if a bale intercepts the antenna. The antenna is supported so as to be restored to a transmission and/or receiving position subsequent to any dislodgment as a result of any interception of a bale.

Abstract: A parabolic horn antenna designed for use as a high isolation antenna array in a wireless Internet access system where a high concentration of transceivers at one location is required. The rear, reflecting surface of the horn part of the antenna is a parabolic shape with the probe located at the focal point of the parabola. The sides of the antenna in the broad dimension are angled at an optimum degree increasing the opening aperture allowing the system to capture more RF energy. The length, therefore the aperture width is variable providing control over the gain of the system thus providing effective shielding and isolation for more dense antenna arrays.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a dual polarized quad-ridge antenna horn having an electrically conductive conduit with first and second opposite ends along a horn axis. Four electrically conductive ridges are carried on an inner side of the electrically conductive conduit. A printed wiring board including a dielectric substrate is connected across the first end of the dual polarized quad-ridge antenna horn and transversely to the horn axis. Furthermore, an electrically conductive pattern is formed on the dielectric substrate and defines feed elements for the dual polarized quad-ridge antenna horn.

Abstract: An antenna for providing a first antenna pattern at a first frequency of operation and a second antenna pattern at a second frequency of operation from first and second RF signals, respectively. The antenna included a horn which is dimensioned to generate the first antenna pattern from the first RF signal. A conduit is located within the horn and is configured to propagate the second RF signal in a waveguide mode. A corrugated rod having a first and a second portion is associated with the conduit. The first portion of the rod is located inside the conduit and the second portion of the rod protrudes from the conduit into the horn. The rod is configured to be responsive to the second RF signal and is operative to transition the second RF signal from a waveguide mode to a surface wave mode and propagate the second RF signal in a surface wave mode along the rod. The rod is configured to generate a second antenna from the second RF signal propagating in a surface wave mode.

Abstract: A microwave antenna (10) is formed from a stack of generally planar elements (14-122) forming an array of horns (12) communicating with waveguides (38). The generally planar elements (14-22) are of metallized plastics. Each of these elements (14-22) has a given overall thickness which is constituted by a membrane of relatively small thickness formed (typically by vacuum forming) into a corrugated shape.

Abstract: A wide-band feed for a reflector antenna that provides a sum and a difference radiation pattern for tracking and for the transmission or reception of data. The feed utilizes two coaxially located, coaxial waveguides. The inner coaxial waveguide supports propagation of the TE11 mode and produces a sum radiation pattern. The outer coaxial waveguide supports propagation of the TE21 mode and produces a difference radiation pattern. The dimensions of the inner and outer waveguides are selected such that the dispersions of the TE11 mode in the inner coaxial waveguide and the TE21 mode in the outer coaxial waveguide are the same. Coaxial chokes located near the open ends of the wave guide modify the impedance match to free space of the fields within the waveguides and modify the radiation patterns generated by the waveguides. Probes within the waveguides generate the respective modes.

Abstract: A high power TM01 mode radio frequency antenna. The inventive antenna comprises a conical horn for receiving an electromagnetic input signal and radiating an output signal in response thereto. An inner window is disposed within the conical horn. An outer window is mounted at an output aperture of the conical horn in alignment with the inner window. The antenna has a gradual taper from a waveguide input to the aperture over a cone angle of 45 degrees. The outer window is mounted at the aperture in concentric alignment with the inner window. For an optimal compact design, the inner and outer windows are of polycarbonate construction.

Abstract: A dual polarized horn antenna that increases the efficiency of a square or rectangular aperture which may be used in situations where a high efficiency aperture is needed in a constrained space. The antenna has a body that is tapered from a first end to a second end, wherein the first end is smaller in cross section than the second end. A flange is formed around the periphery of the body adjacent to the first end. An opening is formed in the first end of the body. A tuning iris is preferably disposed in the opening that provides for impedance matching. An insert is disposed in the central tapered opening 16 adjacent to the second end that has a central cross-shaped tapered member. The central cross-shaped tapered member extends into the central tapered opening and forms a plurality waveguide passages that form a corresponding plurality of quadrants. A plurality of cross-shaped members are respectively disposed in the quadrants and extend a short distance into the central tapered opening.

Abstract: An antenna receives beams from telecommunication satellites in geostationary orbit close to the equator. The continuous concave reflecting surface of the reflector of the antenna has an equation deduced from a paraboloid by adding thereto the equation of a correction surface comprising a second order polynomial and a sum of N(2N−1) terms depending on distances between the projection of any point on the reflecting surface and N(2N−1) control points of a grid extending over a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry. The angular separation of the primary sources on a circular support with an inclination different from the angle of offset is less than approximately 3° for an aperture of more than 50°.

Abstract: An antenna feed horn (10) for a satellite antenna array that includes multiple chokes (34, 36, 40, 42, 44) that provide effective control of the horn aperture mode content to generate radiation patterns which substantially have equal E-plane and H-plane beamwidths, low cross-polarization, low axial ratio, and suppressed sidelobes. The chokes (34, 36, 40, 42, 44) are annular notches that have both radial and axial dimensions. Two chokes (34, 36) are provided at an internal transition location between a conical profile section (14) and a cylindrical aperture section (16). Additionally, another choke (44) is provided in the aperture (20) of the horn (10), and two additional chokes (40, 42) are provided proximate the aperture (20).

Abstract: A horn antenna is provided which is capable of operating at a plurality of separate frequencies while providing substantially equalized E and H-plane patterns for each of the separate frequencies. The antenna includes a coupling portion to permit coupling to a communication device. An inner portion is coupled to the coupling portion, and includes a first choke having a depth which extends substantially parallel to a central longitudinal axis of the antenna and a width which extends in a radial direction of the antenna. The depth and the width of the first choke are set so that the first choke will operate at the first frequency. An outer portion is coupled to the inner portion, wherein the outer portion has a maximum diameter in the radial direction which is greater than the maximum diameter in the radial direction of the inner portion.

Abstract: An injection molded phased array antenna system such as may advantageously employed on satellites. The antenna system comprises a plurality of metal plated, injection molded plastic horn radiating elements respectively coupled to a plurality of metal plated, injection molded plastic orthomode junctions that produce a corresponding plurality of vertically and horizontally polarized outputs. A metal plated, injection molded plastic vertical and horizontal beamforming networks is coupled to outputs of the plurality of orthomode junctions that establish unique phases and amplitudes that produce two separate outputs associated with two independent beams.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmission or reception device. The device comprises several layers having openings such that the stack thereof produces one or more antennas. Microwave circuits are implanted on internal layers.

Abstract: A miniature horn antenna includes a housing forming a skewed beam sectoral horn, the housing forming first and second divergent walls having a primary axis in which at least one of the first and second divergent walls is transverse to the primary axis, a rear wall joining the first and second divergent walls, and a first side wall; a feed probe in front of the rear wall and between the first and second divergent walls; and a second side wall.

Abstract: A printed circuit board comprises a metallic layer (12) cooperating with a metallic plate (26) to form a generally polygonal cross-section (48) of an integral waveguide (46) filled with a solid dielectric layer. The metallic layer (12) is on a substrate (10). The metallic layer (12) has a first strip (14) and a second strip (16) spaced apart from the first strip (14). A solid dielectric layer (18) overlies the metallic layer (12). The solid dielectric layer (18) has a first channel (36) exposing the first strip (14), a second channel (38) exposing the second strip (16), and a land (34) disposed between the first channel (36) and the second channel (38). A metallic plate (26) overlies the land (34), extends through the first channel (36) to the first strip (14), and extends through the second channel (38) to the second strip (16).

Abstract: A scanning antenna with ferrite control comprising a waveguide consisting of top and bottom ferrite layers and an intermediate layer. An array of radiating dipoles situated at the upper surface of the top ferrite layer. A horn structure containing first and second horn elements extending longitudinally along both sides of the array of radiating dipoles. Each horn element has an engaging part, a spacing part, and an inner wall. The spacing parts extending along and spaced from the top ferrite layer forming respective gaps therebetween. Dielectric spacers are provided at both sides of the array of dipoles and placed within the respective gaps. Each horn element is formed with at least one groove extending inwardly from the respective spacing part and longitudinally along the axis of the waveguide. The longitudinal grooves and the dielectric spaces restrict excitement of the parasitic modes in the waveguide and reduce power losses in the antenna.

Abstract: This invention is a compact and cost effective signal receiver for use in conjunction with a parabolic reflector to receive electromagnetic signals from two satellites. The signal receiver has a dual elliptical corrugated feed horn to increase C/N ratio and reduce the spill over loss of the energy of signals receiving from two satellites, and to provide a sufficient rejection for preventing interference coming from the other satellite.

Abstract: The invention relates to an antenna source transmitting and receiving polarized microwaves, the source including a transducer for separating the transmission signals from the reception signals, the frequencies of the transmission signals being different from the frequencies of the reception signals. The connection between the transducer and the radiating element of the antenna is such that it maintains the polarization states of the signal received by the radiating element and of the signal transmitted to said radiating element. The transducer comprises a square-section waveguide, one end of which is connected to the radiating element, the other end being connected to the transmission path, the received signals being conveyed by the side faces of the waveguide. This source makes it possible to transmit and to receive in the enlarged C band, i.e. 3.4 GHz to 4.2 GHz on reception, and 5.85 GHz to 6.65 GHz on transmission.

Abstract: A multi-mode, multi-step feed horn (10) for a satellite antenna array that includes multiple transition steps (28-34) that provide control of the mode content of the signal, and the generation of substantially equal E-plane and H-plane beamwidths, with low cross-polarization and suppressed sidelobes. In one particular embodiment, two transition steps (32, 34) allow the E-plane to expand and generate the higher order TM.sub.11, propagation mode. The transition steps (32, 34) and a phase section (18) allow the mode content to be oriented relative to each other in the proper phase so that the useful bandwidth is on the order of 10%-15%. Two other transition steps (28, 30) provide impedance matching between a throat section (12) and the mode content transition steps (32, 34) to prevent or minimize reflections.

Abstract: A device includes a waveguide for the transmission/reception of microwave signals. The waveguide is coupled to a microstrip reception circuit as well as to a microstrip transmission circuit. The waveguide includes a filter arrangement which attenuates the microwave signals transmitted from the transmission circuit in order to prevent undesirable interference to the reception circuit.

Abstract: A waveguide antenna has two orthogonal feeds from coaxial conductors into a round or square waveguide sections. The feeds are coupled into the waveguide section by first and second coupling devices arranged orthogonally about the main axis of the antenna.

Abstract: The invention consists of improvements of reflector antennas with self-supported feeds. The feed consists of a waveguide tube, a dielectric joint and a sub-reflector. The tube is attached to the center of the rotationally symmetric reflector and extends to the focal region of it. The sub-reflector is located in front of the tube, and the surface of this sub-reflector is provided with rotationally symmetric grooves also called corrugations.

Abstract: A dual-linearly polarized multi-mode rectangular horn includes a step junction in each of the two orthogonal planes for producing a desired amount of the higher order TE.sub.30 mode signal along with the dominant order TE.sub.10 mode signal for both of the vertical and horizontal polarization signals. The rectangular horn further includes a phasing section in each of the two orthogonal planes for causing the TE.sub.30 mode signal to be a desired amount of degrees out of phase with the TE.sub.10 mode signal at the aperture plane of the rectangular horn for both of the vertical and horizontal polarization signals. The rectangular horn is for use in a reconfigurable satellite array antenna.

Abstract: A polarizer for exciting the parabolic reflector of a directional antenna includes a profile section (7) which is formed as a waveguide and is adapted to simultaneously transmit two linearly polarized orthogonal electromagnetic waves. Two rectangular waveguides which separately guide the two electromagnetic waves are connected to the profile section (7). The end face of one of the rectangular waveguides is connected to the side wall of the profile section (7) in a radial direction, whereas the other rectangular waveguide is connected to an end face of the profile section (7). Both rectangular waveguides have an electromagnetic connection to the profile section (7) via openings, wherein a short-circuiting element (10) is disposed in the profile section (7) between the openings.

Abstract: An electromagnetic simulator for testing the behavior of equipment in the presence of strong electromagnetic fields includes radiating horns at opposite sides of the test area. Conical or semi-conical horns may be used. Each horn has a conducting septum asymmetrically positioned in the horns and extending forwardly into the chamber. Each conducting septum is coupled to a conducting array extending along a wall of the chamber so that each array establishes a corresponding electromagnetic field in the test area.

Abstract: A waveguide antenna assembly includes a feedhorn having a cavity coupled to a waveguide polarizer. The waveguide polarizer includes a single aperture waveguide, septum-loaded waveguide, and a dual aperture waveguide coupled inline. The septum-loaded waveguide includes an internal septum and is formed from at least one internal wall having a varying thickness. The length of the circular feedhorn and the diameter of the feedhorn cavity can be adjusted with the length of the single aperture waveguide to maximize signal isolation between the orthogonal signal ports.

Abstract: This invention is a compact and cost effective multiple-feed signal receiver for use in conjunction with a parabolic dish antenna to receive electromagnetic signals from more than one satellite clusters. The multiple-feed signal receiver has a multi-layer structure to integrate circuit boards for different frequency bands or the same frequency band for different signal processing within a limited cross-section and to isolate these boards from signal interference with one another.

Abstract: A parabolic rectangular horn antenna includes a source aperture, a parabolic reflector, and an output aperture. The source aperture has a first port for receiving a planar wavefront signal and a second port for providing a substantially cylindrical wavefront signal. The parabolic reflector is positioned within the horn to receive the cylindrical wavefront signal, transforming it to a substantially planar wavefront signal at a predefined location. The output aperture is positioned at the predefined location and outputs the substantially planar wavefront signal. Corrugations are adjacently placed at both sides of the output aperture to optimize the antenna beam pattern.

Abstract: A dual band omni directional antenna is disclosed. A dielectric cylinder supports a cone shaped reflector over a corrugated radio frequency horn. Orthogonal mode transducers produce and conduct circularly polarized radio frequency waves within the horn. The reflector, the horn, and the transducers are all coaxially disposed. The antenna produces a torodial radiation pattern in a plane that is substantially orthogonal to the axis of the antenna. Transmit and receive functions may be performed simultaneously using a single reflector and two orthogonal mode transducers.

Abstract: A multiple beam antenna system including a reflector that is at least partially parabolic in one dimension, a pair of dielectric lenses, and a pair of waveguides. Multiple received beams are received and reflected by the reflector into an orthogonal mode junction which separates signals of a first polarity from signals of a second orthogonal polarity. The signals of the first polarity are forwarded into a first waveguide and the orthogonal signals of the second polarity are forwarded into a second parallel waveguide. A plurality of satellites may be accessed simultaneously thus allowing the user to utilize both signals at the same time.

Abstract: A device is provided for fastening an excitation element (2) in a metal waveguide (3) of an antenna (1) and for electrically connecting the same to a coaxial line (4) arranged outside the waveguide (3), and which is cost effective and in which low power losses occur. The device comprises a basic member (6), which seals an opening in the waveguide (3), has a bore (6.1), and a metal hollow cylinder (9), through which an inner conductor of the coaxial line (9) is guided, which hollow cylinder has a first section (9.1) plugged into the first bore (6.1), and which has a second section (9.2), over which an end region (10) of an outer conductor of the coaxial line (4) is pushed. A first end (2.1) of the excitation element (2) is fastened on one end (12) of the inner conductor.

Abstract: Provided coaxially inside a first waveguide is a second waveguide, so as to form a coaxial waveguide. The first waveguide for the passage of a low-frequency band signal (f.sub.L signal) functions as the outer conductor of the coaxial waveguide while the second waveguide for the passage of a high-frequency band signal (f.sub.H signal) serves as the center conductor of the coaxial waveguide. Feeders for f.sub.L are provided so that they penetrate through the wall of the first waveguide. Feeders for f.sub.H are provided so that they penetrate through both the first and the second waveguide walls. The distance between the first f.sub.L feeder and the first f.sub.H feeder and the distance between the second f.sub.L feeder and the second f.sub.H feeder are set at approximately one quarter of the wavelength of the f.sub.L signal. The distance between the first f.sub.H feeder and a reflector surface is also set at about one quarter of the wavelength.

Abstract: A simple continuous metal pattern in a single plane is suspended in a waveguide filled with dielectric material. Two conductive pins penetrate the backshort of the waveguide in an axial direction and are connected at corresponding locations at opposite sides of the metal pattern. The metal pattern forms a radiating element in the shape of a continuous ring, having two convex (with reference to the central axis of the waveguide) primary antenna segments, each of which has one end joined to the corresponding end of the other segment by a narrow bridge segment. The opposite ends of the primary antenna segments extend generally away from each other and are joined by a narrow feedback segment. Within a desired frequency range of operation, the continuous metal pattern is excitable to produce both dominant orthogonal modes of circular polarization with the 90 degree phase difference and in both RHCP and LHCP orientation.

Abstract: This application relates to a compact broadband horn antenna. The antenna has a septum in the horn adjacent one side thereof. One embodiment consists of abutting, wedge-shaped, dielectric members having conducting coatings. A particular feed arrangement has a primary segment partitioned into quadrants with each quadrant having a conducting septum extending forwardly into a secondary section, to provide field uniformity. In an embodiment useful at frequencies above 1 GHz the septum curves upwardly at the horn mouth and is supported by an absorbing structure located just above the mouth of the horn. The other end of the septum is supported at the horn feed and the septum is otherwise unsupported along its length.

Abstract: This invention discloses a novel design for receiving electromagnetic signals broadcasted from at least two of satellite clusters and collected by a single dish antenna. At least two signal feeds are used to feed the signals to a processing circuit. The processing circuit performs signal selection, amplification, and frequency conversion. Corrective lens are used to ensure uniform wavefront of the electromagnetic signals received by the signal feeds located farther away from the focal point of the dish antenna. A convenient adjustment device is provided for adjustment of the relative positions of the signals feeds to the dish antenna.

Abstract: There is provided a laminated aperture antenna in which a conductor wall composing the antenna is composed of a plurality of through conductors disposed at predetermined intervals and a plurality of sub-conductor layers disposed between dielectric layers of a dielectric substrate so as to electrically connect the plurality of through conductors within the dielectric substrate formed by laminating dielectric layers, or in which a resonant space is formed by a space of the dielectric surrounded by the conductor wall composing the antenna formed as described above, a lower conductor layer electrically connected to that and an aperture of the upper conductor layer corresponding to the antenna conductor wall. There is also provided a multi-layered wiring board comprising such laminated aperture antenna. Such laminated aperture antenna may be miniaturized and thinned and may be readily fabricated by the conventional lamination technology.

Abstract: A high-gain monolithic antenna with high freedom of design has a signal circuit and a stripline dipole antenna which are provided on a substrate. A dielectric film and a conductor cover covering the dielectric film are provided on the upper surface of the substrate, in addition to a hole extending vertically downward to the underside of the substrate, a conductor wall being provided on the surface thereof. Furthermore, a metallic film is evaporated so as to contact both a metallic cover and a conductor wall. A first grounding conductor and a dielectric are provided on the lower surface of the substrate, and a second grounding conductor is provided on the upper surface of the substrate. A horn, which is tapered into the dielectric and the first grounding conductor thereby forming the shape of a quadrangular pyramid, is provided so as to overlap a hole etched into the substrate. Microwaves or milliwaves are radiated to/from the horn to/from the underside of the substrate.

Abstract: A means is disclosed for increasing the power and field strength radiated by a solid state switched array radiator such as those used for example in ultrawideband radar systems. The incorporation of a specially designed pulsed transmission line is designed to preserve very fast rising pulses produced in each of a number of Blumleins that are triggered simultaneously or with appropriate delay to provide at the output of the stack of Blumleins a voltage that is applied to an antenna radiating element.

Abstract: A miniature dual-band two-way mobile satellite-tracking antenna system mounted on a movable vehicle includes a miniature parabolic reflector dish having an elliptical aperture with major and minor elliptical axes aligned horizontally and vertically, respectively, to maximize azimuthal directionality and minimize elevational directionality to an extent corresponding to expected pitch excursions of the movable ground vehicle. A feed-horn has a back end and an open front end facing the reflector dish and has vertical side walls opening out from the back end to the front end at a lesser horn angle and horizontal top and bottom walls opening out from the back end to the front end at a greater horn angle. An RF circuit couples two different signal bands between the feed-horn and the user.