Abstract: The wireless module according to an aspect of the present invention includes a board, a wireless communication chip that at least transmits or receives a high-frequency signal, an insulator, a conductive film, a feed line, first to third conductor patterns, and first and second vias. The chip, the feed line, and the first and second patterns are located on a first wiring layer of the board. The third pattern is at a ground potential and is located on a second wiring layer of the board. The insulator encapsulates the chip. The film covers at least a part of a side surface of the insulator. The feed line electrically connects the chip and the film. The first and second patterns are in contact with the film. The first via connects the first pattern and the third pattern. The second via electrically connects the second pattern and the third pattern.

Abstract: A dual role antenna assembly operable for use with GEO and LEO/MEO satellites has at least two curled inverted-F substantially omnidirectional antennas mounted on a ground plane. The antennas have asymmetrical gain patterns favoring certain sectors and are oriented such that the favored sectors of the different antenna face different directions. A controller selects the antenna for connection to an RF front-end in accordance with predetermined performance criteria.

Abstract: A mast mountable antenna that is rugged, weather-tolerant, and unaffected by the antenna's mounting structure, while maintaining an electrical path for lightning surge currents. The mast mountable antenna generally includes a radiating conductor section, an impedance transformer section, a low inductance feed point, a mounting mast section, a mast isolating stub section, and an integral coaxial feed line.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a wireless device includes an interposer, a semiconductor chip, and a non-conductor. The interposer comprises a plurality of conductor layers. The semiconductor chip is mounted on the interposer and comprising a built-in transceiver circuit. The non-conductor is placed on the interposer and seals the semiconductor chip. From among the plurality of conductor layers, a first conductor layer and a second conductor layer are symmetrically positioned with respect to center in a thickness direction of the interposer respectively have a first antenna conductor pattern and a second antenna conductor pattern. The first antenna conductor pattern and the second antenna conductor pattern respectively have a first opening and a second opening functioning as a slot antenna and have substantially equal area of a conductor portion. An orthogonal projection of the first opening onto the second conductor layer overlaps with the second opening.

Abstract: An apparatus including: a first ground member; a second ground member extending from the first ground member and including a feed point, the feed point being configured to receive a signal in a first frequency band and to receive an antenna configured to operate in the first frequency band, the first ground member and the second ground member having an electrical length configured to provide a resonant mode in the first ground member and the second ground member in the first frequency band.

Abstract: Antenna structures and methods of operating the same of a configurable antenna of an electronic device are described. A configurable antenna includes a first antenna element coupled to a radio frequency (RF) feed, a controllable circuit coupled to the first antenna element and a second antenna element coupled to the controllable circuit. The controllable circuit is configured to electrically isolate the first antenna element and the second antenna element to configure the antenna structure to operate in a first antenna configuration having a first length and to electrically connect the first antenna element and the second antenna element to configure the antenna structure to operate in a second antenna configuration having a second length.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a mobile communication antenna device. The device includes: a monopole antenna, placed on one side of a printed circuit board, where a distance between the monopole antenna and a central position of the printed circuit board is less than a threshold, and the monopole antenna includes a first metal sheet which is vertical to the printed circuit board, and is conducted with a circuit of the printed circuit board through a feedpoint. The present invention also discloses a mobile communication terminal device. By adopting the present invention, an ultra wideband antenna may be achieved, thereby making it possible that a mobile communication terminal device product, such as a fixed station, supports more frequency bands.

Abstract: A communication device including a ground element and an antenna element is provided. The antenna element includes a metal element and a circuit element assembly. The metal element is adjacent to an edge of the ground element and does not overlap with the ground element. The circuit element assembly includes a first circuit and a second circuit, and is substantially surrounded by the metal element and the edge of the ground element. The first circuit includes a switch element, and the second circuit is a reactance circuit. The metal element is coupled through the first circuit to a first signal source. The metal element is further coupled through the second circuit to a second signal source.

Abstract: An antenna structure is provided, including a first radiator, a second radiator, a second coupling portion and a switch Circuit. The first radiator includes a feed portion and a first radiator body. The second radiator includes a first coupling portion, a second radiator body and a ground portion. The first coupling portion is connected to a first end portion of the second radiator body. The ground portion is connected to the second radiator body. At least a portion of the first radiator body is located between the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion. When the antenna structure is in a first mode, the switch circuit forms an electric path between the second radiator and the second coupling portion, and when the antenna structure is in a second mode, the switch circuit removes the electric path between the second radiator and the second coupling portion.

Abstract: A receiving device for a global positioning system and an antenna structure thereof. The receiving device includes a housing, a circuit board and the antenna structure. The circuit board is disposed inside the housing and has a ground portion and a signal feeding portion. The antenna structure is disposed inside the housing and includes a metal plate, a first electric conducting element and a second electric conducting element. The metal plate is used for receiving a GPS signal. The first electric conducting element has one end coupled to the metal plate, and the other end coupled to the ground portion of the circuit board. The second electric conducting element for feeding the GPS signal to the circuit board has one end coupled to the metal plate, and the other end coupled to the signal feeding portion of the circuit board.

Abstract: A broadcasting antenna for a vehicle and a shark fin antenna apparatus having the same are provided. The broadcasting antenna includes a main board on which a feeder circuit and a ground plane are formed, a helical radiation unit which includes a plurality of helical radiators that are electrically connected to the feeder circuit and the ground plane of the main board, that are formed in a first direction, and that are coupled apart from each other by a predetermined interval, and which has a coupling feed structure, and an extended radiation unit which includes a plurality of top loaders that are electrically connected to ends of the plurality of helical radiators, respectively, that are formed in a second direction, and that are coupled to each other.

Abstract: A dual-band antenna is disclosed, comprising a radiating body, a shorting element, and a feeding element. The radiating body comprises a plurality of radiating portions located in a first, a second, a third, and a fourth planes, respectively. The shorting element and the feeding element both extend from the radiating body and are located in the first plane. The radiating portions located in the first, the second, and the third planes transmit and/or receive signals in a first frequency band. The radiating portions located in the first, the second, and the fourth planes transmit and/or receive signals in a second frequency band. A first angle between the first and the second planes, a second angle between the second and the third planes, and a third angle between the second and the fourth planes range between 80 degrees to 100 degrees.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna for tablet computers is revealed. The antenna includes a first path, a second path, a third path, a fourth path, a fifth path, a sixth path, a seventh path, an eighth path and a grounding portion, connected to one another. Thereby the antenna can cover the GSM 850/900/1800/1900/ UMTS and LTE 700/2300/2700 operations.

Abstract: This invention provides an antenna structure, especially relates to an antenna structure in hand-held device. The antenna structure of the present invention is formed by a continue transmission line, and forming an annular shape. It is featured that the antenna structure has two end points, the first end point is a floating point, and the second end point connected to a ground. A signal input point is connected to the continue transmission line for inputting an antenna signal into the antenna structure. The signal input point keeps two-thirds of wavelength distance from the second end point. According to present invention, a small antenna structure is provided and fitting in with operation in ultra wide bandwidth frequency, furthermore the multi-frequency signal can be transceived. The antenna structure has lower signal intensity of high order harmonic signals, therefore the structure can reduce the antenna signal interferences with the high order harmonic signals.

Abstract: An antenna structure has a first resonance mode and a second resonance mode. The antenna structure consists of a first radiation element, a second radiation element, a grounding element, and a signal feeding element. The first radiation element resonates at a first operating frequency band corresponding to the first resonance mode. The second radiation element is extended from a first end of the first radiation element and resonates at a second operating frequency band corresponding to the second resonance mode. The grounding element is extended from a second end of the first radiation element. The signal feeding element is disposed between the first radiation element and the grounding element. The second radiation element, the first radiation element, and the grounding element are formed by bending a slender metal sheet.

Abstract: A wire antenna comprises a main radiating element, a grounding element, a shorting element, and a coaxial cable. The said main radiating element and the said grounding element are linked by the said shorting element. A central conducting wire and an outer grounding conductor of the coaxial cable are electrically connected to the first and the second points on the said main radiating element and the said grounding element respectively. The main radiating element and the grounding element are all made of a single metal wire with compact size and low cost. The present invention is capable of single or dual-band operation for applications in WLAN devices.

Abstract: The high isolation multiband MIMO antenna system is a multi-band dual and quad antenna for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems. Element and ground plane geometries that can cover a wide range of frequency bands (780 MHz-5850 MHz) are based on the varying some simple geometrical lengths and widths of the elements and ground planes. The MIMO antenna systems can be used for next generation cellular and wireless MIMO communication systems. Several isolation enhancement schemes increase the isolation between adjacent antenna elements. Any combination of the isolation and MIMO antenna system geometries can be created to support different wireless system standards. The novel MIMO antenna systems are disposed within a dielectric substrate area of 50×100 mm2.

Abstract: An antenna which is laid out efficiently while ensuring a predetermined antenna directivity. An antenna area is formed on a corner of a substrate. An antenna conductor is formed in the antenna area, and is shaped so that a bend is formed between its ground end and its open end. A first ground area is formed on the substrate near the ground end of the antenna conductor, and is connected to the ground end. A second ground area is formed on the substrate near the open end of the antenna conductor. A feed unit feeds electricity to the antenna conductor.

Abstract: Techniques and devices based on antenna structures with a MTM loading element.

Abstract: A communication device is presented that has an antenna structure with a relatively short length and covers multiple resonances including the UHF and the GPS bands. The antenna structure has a conductive base to which a whip antenna is connected through a helical radiating element. A cylindrical sheath capacitively connected to the helical element provides distributed impedance matching for the antenna structure. A monopole or another helical element provides higher resonance than that of the whip antenna or connected helical element. If the higher resonance is provided by a monopole, the monopole is disposed radially adjacent to the helical element and is capacitively connected with the helical element through an opening in the sheath. If the higher resonance is provided by a helical element, the helical element is capacitively or galvanically connected to the end of the whip antenna.

Abstract: An antenna assembly includes a cable assembly having at least one wire and a circuit board assembly having a ground plane and a plurality of mounting locations. The wire(s) is electrically connected to corresponding mounting locations. A plurality of antenna elements are mounted to the circuit board at corresponding mounting locations. Each antenna element has a feed finger and a ground finger, where the ground finger is electrically connected to the ground plane and the feed finger is electrically connected to the corresponding wire. Each antenna element has a first portion extending from the circuit board along a first plane and a second portion extending from the first portion along a second plane that is transverse to the first plane. Each antenna element provides hemispherical coverage and wide frequency bandwidth.

Abstract: A PIFA for a thin communication apparatus is provided. The PIFA includes a main body, a ground area and two ground segments, wherein the ground segments are adjacent with each other and extending out from a same side of the ground area. The SAR value and a required height for setting the antenna can be reduced through the design of two grounding paths on the antenna.

Abstract: A receiving device for a global positioning system and an antenna structure thereof. The receiving device includes a housing, a circuit board and the antenna structure. The circuit board is disposed inside the housing and has a ground portion and a signal feeding portion. The antenna structure is disposed inside the housing and includes a metal plate, a first electric conducting element and a second electric conducting element. The metal plate is used for receiving a GPS signal. The first electric conducting element has one end coupled to the metal plate, and the other end coupled to the ground portion of the circuit board. The second electric conducting element for feeding the GPS signal to the circuit board has one end coupled to the metal plate, and the other end coupled to the signal feeding portion of the circuit board.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a housing and a multi-frequency band antenna carried within the housing. The multi-frequency band antenna may include a main loop conductor having a gap therein defining first and second ends of the main loop conductor, a first branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the first end of the main loop conductor and having a second end defining a first feed point, and a second branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the second end of the main loop conductor and a second end defining a second feed point. A third branch conductor has a first portion within the main loop conductor, and a second portion connected to the second feed point. A tuning branch conductor may have a first end connected to the main loop conductor between the respective first ends of the first and second branches.

Abstract: A low profile antenna has a meander length based on the full electrical wavelength of the signal being transmitted or received. The antenna can have either an open-loop structure or a closed-loop structure with a matching network. The low profile enables the antenna to be used in a card for a device such as a personal computer, personal digital assistant, wireless telephone and so on with minimal risk of the antenna breaking off, as compared with a prior art antenna having a higher height and thus more likelihood of being broken from its card.

Abstract: A broadband antenna apparatus that is generally disposed along a plane. The antenna apparatus includes a ground plate with an edge and an inverted “L” antenna that has a base leg and an elongated leg, which define an interior corner. The interior corner is filled with a triangulated portion for broadening the bandwidth of the antenna. There is an antenna feed point at a distal end of the base leg. The antenna is oriented so that the distal end of the base leg is adjacent to the edge, forming a first dielectric gap therebetween, and further oriented with the elongated leg parallel to the edge. A first parasitic ground element extends from the edge and is positioned adjacent to the base leg, forming a second dielectric gap therebetween. The antenna apparatus also includes a second parasitic ground element extending from the edge of the ground plate.

Abstract: A multiband antenna includes a first antenna unit for receiving/sending wireless signals having higher frequencies and a second antenna unit for receiving/sending wireless signals having lower frequencies than those frequencies received/sent by the first antenna unit. The first antenna unit includes a first main portion, a first resonating portion and a first connecting portion connected in order and positioned in a same plane. The second antenna unit includes a second connecting portion, a second resonating portion and a second main portion connected in order. The second connecting portion is coplanar with the first connecting portion, the second resonating portion is perpendicular to the second connecting portion, and the second main portion is perpendicular to both the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.

Abstract: Antennas are provided which are constructed using one or more conductive via stubs as radiating elements formed in a substrate. The antennas can be integrally packaged with IC chips (e.g., IC transceivers, receivers, transmitters, etc.) to build integrated wireless or RF (radio frequency) communications systems.

Abstract: An RFID tag and an RFID access card configured to reduce detuning effects from a typical RFID environment. The present invention provides an RFID tag that is specifically configured to reduce the detuning effects caused by initiating communication between an RFID tag and an RFID tag reader in the presence of materials such as metal, liquid, and the human body. In one embodiment, the present invention provides an RFID tag comprising an electronic circuit portion attached to a main antenna body portion, the main antenna body portion having two opposite side portions, which are substantially symmetrical with respect to one another, wherein each side portion extends outwardly to form a generally side-oriented v-shape.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a housing and a multi-frequency band antenna carried within the housing. The multi-frequency band antenna may include a main loop conductor having a gap therein defining first and second ends of the main loop conductor, a first branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the first end of the main loop conductor and having a second end defining a first feed point, and a second branch conductor having a first end connected adjacent the second end of the main loop conductor and a second end defining a second feed point. A third branch conductor has a first portion within the main loop conductor, and a second portion connected to the second feed point. A tuning branch conductor may have a first end connected to the main loop conductor between the respective first ends of the first and second branches.

Abstract: A low profile antenna has a meander length based on the full electrical wavelength of the signal being transmitted or received. The antenna can have either an open-loop structure or a closed-loop structure with a matching network. The low profile enables the antenna to be used in a card for a device such as a personal computer, personal digital assistant, wireless telephone and so on with minimal risk of the antenna breaking off, as compared with a prior art antenna having a higher height and thus more likelihood of being broken from its card.

Abstract: A multiband antenna includes a long radiating branch, a short radiating branch, a short strip, a feed point, a grounding portion, a connecting portion, a long parasitic strip, and a short parasitic strip. The feed point, the long radiating branch, the short radiating branch, and the short strip are in a first plane. The grounding portion connects to the short strip. The connecting portion connects the long radiating branch, the short radiating branch, and the short strip. The long radiating branch, the short strip, and the connecting portion form a first inverted-L shaped antenna structure. The short radiating branch, the short strip, and the connecting portion form a second inverted-L shaped antenna structure. The long parasitic strip and the short parasitic strip are in a second plane and respectively connected to the grounding portion. The first plane is parallel to the second plane.

Abstract: An antenna is provided. The antenna has a ground element, a radiator and a conductive element. The radiator has a body, wherein the body has a first edge, a second edge, a third edge and a fourth edge, and the first edge is parallel to the third edge, a length of the first edge is shorter than a length of the third edge, the first edge is close to the ground element, the second edge connects the first edge and the third edge, a fourth edge connects the first edge and the third edge, and a first slot is formed on the radiator. The second edge and the fourth edge extend separately from the first edge to the third edge. The conductive element connects the ground element and the radiator.

Abstract: An antenna device for operating in a predetermined frequency band has a resonator section, a semiconductor section and an antenna section. The resonator section includes a first conductor section, a dielectric section, and a second conductor section for specifying a reference potential against each section which is arranged so as to oppose the first conductor section through the dielectric section. A semiconductor section is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the first conductor section and the second conductor section. The antenna section uses the second conductor section as a grounding conductor, is substantially spherical, makes at least its surface electroconductive, and is arranged on the first conductor section.

Abstract: An adjustable radio frequency data communications device has a monolithic semiconductor integrated circuit with integrated circuitry, interrogation receiving circuitry provided on the monolithic integrated circuit forming at least part of the integrated circuitry and configured to receive an interrogation signal from the interrogator unit, an antenna electrically coupled to the interrogation receiving circuitry and configured to communicate with the remote interrogator unit, a power source electrically coupled to the integrated circuitry and configured to generate operating power for the communications device, and at least one of the antenna and the interrogation receiving circuitry having reconfigurable electrical characteristics, the electrical characteristics being reconfigurable to selectively tune the at least one of the antenna and the interrogation receiving circuitry within a range of tuned and detuned states to realize a desired receiver sensitivity of the communications device.

Abstract: A wideband antenna includes a ground element comprising an upper first side, a first metal sheet a short arm connecting to the first side of the grounding element and a long arm separated from the first side, a second metal sheet electrically connecting to the first metal sheet, a third metal sheet perpendicular to the second metal sheet, and a slot between the first side of the ground element and the long arm of the first metal sheet; wherein said slot, said second metal sheet and said third metal sheet work together to form an ultra wide resonant frequency.

Abstract: A J-Pole antenna disclosed including: shunt segment extending out of the plane of the J-Pole antenna. A shunt segment extending out of the plane of the J-pole antenna aids in attaching the antenna to a connector and allowing for a reduction in the size of the antenna and connector. The shunt segment also makes the antenna shorter while preserving the same gain and impedance performance as a conventional J-Pole antenna. A connector plate and connector may be used with the antenna having the shunt segment extending out of the plane of the J-Pole antenna. A protective enclosure may be used with the J-Pole antenna and allowing a radiating antenna segment of the J-Pole antenna to extend from the protective enclosure.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, a printed circuit board (PCB) carried within the portable housing, and wireless communications circuitry carried by the PCB within the portable housing. The device may also include a folded monopole antenna assembly coupled to the wireless communications circuitry. The folded monopole antenna assembly may include a dielectric body adjacent the PCB and having a generally rectangular shape defining opposing top and bottom faces, opposing first and second end faces, and opposing first and second side faces. The antenna may also include a conductive trace coupled to the wireless communications circuitry and having a first end section extending along the first end face, a second end section extending along the second end face, and an intermediate section extending along the top, bottom, first side and second side faces.

Abstract: A low cost and multi-featured antenna is disclosed. The antenna employs a radiating element mounted to a ground plane and having first and second branches spaced above the ground plane forming a generally L shaped planar radiating structure. The antenna can be either linear or circular polarization, and can be either single band or dual band, and only one feeding port is needed to obtain circular polarization. The antenna can be easily applied to various frequency bands.

Abstract: A printed antenna is positioned on a substrate, and includes a feeding portion and a radiating portion. The feeding portion is configured for feeding electromagnetic signals. The radiating portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion for transceiving the electromagnetic signals, and includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a guiding portion. The first radiator is electronically connected to the feeding portion, and includes an arc-shaped radiating section. The second radiator is electronically connected to the feeding portion and the first radiator. The guiding portion is arc-shaped. The guiding portion and the second radiator are respectively positioned on different sides of the first radiator. A space between the guiding portion and the arc-shaped radiating section of the first radiator defines a first slot.

Abstract: An antenna structure is disposed on a substrate. The antenna structure includes a -shaped radiation body and a first radiation body, and both share a feeding end and a grounding end. The feeding end and the grounding end are disposed to a side edge of the -shaped radiation body. The positions of the feeding end and the grounding end allow the -shaped radiation body to form the operation of two frequency bands. Moreover, the first radiation body is vertically extended from the side edge near the feeding end disposed to the -shaped radiation body, and continuously extended from an end to keep a spacing between periphery of the -shaped radiation body and the first radiation body, and extended to a front of an opening of the -shaped radiation body, thereby vertically extending toward the opening. Therefore, the first radiation body could provide the operation of another frequency band.

Abstract: An antenna (100) disposed on a first substrate (10) and a second substrate (20) includes a feeding portion (110) and a radiating portion (120). The feeding portion (110) is disposed on a first surface of the first substrate (10), for feeding electromagnetic signals. The radiating portion (120) connected to the feeding portion (110) for transceiving electromagnetic signals includes a first radiator (121), a second radiator (122) and a third radiator (123). The first radiator (121) is disposed on the first surface and connected to the feeding portion (110). The second radiator (122) is disposed on a second surface of the second substrate (20). The third radiator (123) includes a first cylinder portion (1231) and a second cylinder portion (1232) connected to the first cylinder portion (1231). The first cylinder portion (1231) and the second cylinder portion (1232) are connected to the first radiator (121) and the second radiator (122), respectively.

Abstract: An antenna includes first and second radiating elements. The first radiating element is operable in a first frequency range. The second radiating element cooperates with the first radiating element to define a slot therebetween in such a manner that the second radiating element is coupled electromagnetically to the first radiating element. The construction as such permits operation of the second radiating element in a second frequency range different from the first frequency range, and a third frequency range different from the first and second frequency ranges.

Abstract: An antenna arrangement for a communication device is provided that may include a monopole antenna element having a bottom side joined to a first lateral side and joined to a second lateral side. The bottom side may be joined to each lateral side at an angle less than 90 degrees for forming an antenna element area defined at least by the bottom side and the first and second lateral sides. The antenna element area may include an central part arcuate around a longitudinal axis in a conical fashion, so that at least a part of the bottom side is provided half a turn around the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An antenna is provided. The antenna has a ground element, a radiator and a conductive element. The radiator has a body, wherein the body has a first edge, a second edge, a third edge and a fourth edge, and the first edge is parallel to the third edge, a length of the first edge is shorter than a length of the third edge, the first edge is close to the ground element, the second edge connects the first edge and the third edge, a fourth edge connects the first edge and the third edge, and a first slot is formed on the radiator. The second edge and the fourth edge extend separately from the first edge to the third edge. The conductive element connects the ground element and the radiator.

Abstract: A multiple frequency band antenna includes a common connecting element, a first radiating element, a second radiating element, a common feeding point and a common ground terminal. The common connecting element includes a connecting part and a turning part, which are arranged in different planes. The first radiating element is connected with the connecting part of the common connecting element. The second radiating element is connected with the turning part of the common connecting element. The second radiating element has a longer path length compared with the first radiating element. A combination of the common connecting element and the first radiating element is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals in a first frequency band. A combination of the common connecting element and the second radiating element is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals in a second frequency band.

Abstract: An antenna includes a loop radiating element, and first and second radiating arms. The loop radiating element includes first and second segments, each of which has opposite first and second ends, and an intermediate segment that interconnects the second ends of the first and second segments thereof. The first and second radiating arms extend outwardly and respectively from the first and second ends of the first segment of the loop radiating element.

Abstract: A monopole antenna includes a base board having a first side and a second side, a grounding element attached on the first side of the base board, a coupling element attached on the first side of the base board and being spaced apart from the grounding element, and a radiating element connected to the coupling element and exposed out the base board.

Abstract: A broadband antenna and an assembly combination thereof are disclosed. The broadband antenna according to the present invention comprises a first radiation element, a second radiation element, a substrate, and a reflector. The first radiation element having a first trapezoid portion and the second radiation element are disposed on the substrate that is fixed on the reflector. The first radiation element and the second radiation element are excited so as to reflect the energy by the radiator.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a portable personal communication device with an extendable helical antenna. This helical antenna is made of an elastic conductive spring, configured to change its height over a ground plane and along the antenna axis, mainly having two positions: a stowed position where the antenna is pressed down between the ground plane and a rigid cover, achieving a low profile; and an operational position where the rigid cover is removed and the antenna is extended by its own spring force, to a higher height, improving antenna gain. Normally, a second planar antenna may be placed over the same ground plane, not exceeding the footprint of the helical antenna, thus utilizing a compactly small volume and yet achieving a considerable electromagnetic decoupling between the antennas, due to their different radiation patterns.