Abstract: The invention relates to a surface wave antenna system, comprising at least one antenna that is electrically short in the vertical plane, with vertical or elliptic polarization and emitting a radiation, said antenna being linked to a conducting medium exhibiting a substantially horizontal surface. The antenna system being characterized in that it comprises furthermore at least one parasitic wire extending in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the conducting medium, electrically insulated from each antenna, and arranged in the vicinity of at least one antenna in such a way as to be able to radiate by virtue of the current induced by said radiation of this antenna. The invention makes it possible to combine the resultants of each radiating element in such a way as to control the radiation pattern in the vertical plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a capacitive grounded RF coaxial cable to airstrip transition which comprises a conductive ground plane, an insulating gasket, a reflector plate and an insulating fixing component. The conductive ground plane, the insulating gasket and the reflector plate are attached uniformly and tightly in sequence and fixed together by the insulating fixing component. The outer surface of the conductive ground plane is connected conductively with the outer conductor of the RF coaxial cable. Preferably, the conductive ground plane is a metal plate and the insulating gasket is a plastic gasket. The capacitive grounded RF coaxial cable to airstrip transition further comprises at least one perforation penetrating the conductive ground plane, the insulating gasket and the reflector plate in sequence. The insulating fixing component includes at least one insulating rivet and at least one conductive supporting piece is arranged on the outer surface of the conductive ground plane.

Abstract: A ground radiation antenna is disclosed. Herein, the ground radiation antenna provides a ground radiator inducing resonance by using the inductance of a ground. Since the ground radiator efficiently uses the inductance of the ground, the ground radiator may operate as a radiator of the ground radiation antenna by using a simple structure of combining a capacitive element with the ground. As described above, by providing an antenna radiator having a remarkably simple structure, the fabrication cost for the antenna may be decreased, and the size of the antenna may also be largely reduced.

Abstract: A ground radiation antenna is disclosed. Herein, the ground radiation antenna provides a radiator-forming circuit, which is formed to have a simple structure using a capacitive element, as well as a feeding circuit suitable for the provided radiator-forming circuit. Thus, the structure of the antenna becomes simpler and the size of the antenna becomes smaller. Accordingly, the fabrication process of the antenna is simplified, thereby largely reducing the fabrication cost.

Abstract: A ground radiation antenna is disclosed. Herein, the ground radiation antenna provides a radiator-forming circuit, which is formed to have a simple structure using a capacitive element, as well as a feeding circuit suitable for the provided radiator-forming circuit. Thus, the structure of the antenna becomes simpler and the size of the antenna becomes smaller. Accordingly, the fabrication process of the antenna is simplified, thereby largely reducing the fabrication cost.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring system for detecting radio-frequency tags, a measuring method, and a new use for a leaky waveguide. The measuring system comprises a reading device and an antenna, which is connected to reading device for connecting to the tags. According to the invention, the antenna is a microstrip-type leaky waveguide having a length which is several times the operating wavelength of the tags. The invention permits reliable and precise RFID detection, for example, for a results service for sports events.

Abstract: An RFID tagged implement assembly includes a metallic implement, and a wireless RFID transponder. The RFID transponder includes a housing; an inductive coupler within the housing, and an RFID chip coupled with the inductive coupler. The inductive coupler is inductively coupled with the metallic implement.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for adjusting the electromagnetic fields produced by telephones or other mobile devices capable of wireless communication. A wireless communication device includes a substrate having a ground plane. An antenna is coupled to the ground plane, and electrical currents are produced in the ground plane during operation of the antenna. A switchable counterpoise circuit that includes a conducting element and an inductor in series is provided on the substrate. The switchable counterpoise is selectively coupled to the ground plane based upon an operating mode of the wireless communications device, thereby adjusting the electrical currents flowing in the ground plane when the counterpoise is active. The changes in the ground plane currents can produce adjustments in the electromagnetic fields produced by the device, thereby improving hearing aid compatibility (HAC) of the device.

Abstract: An improved antenna arrangement includes a reflector arrangement comprising a printed circuit board with an electrically conductive ground plane. The reflector arrangement also has a reflector frame with a coupling surface. The coupling surface is capacitively coupled to the ground plane. The coupling surface has a recess via which the ground plane, which is located underneath it, and/or the printed circuit board or an isolating intermediate layer which is provided above the ground plane or an isolating intermediate layer which is provided above the printed circuit board is exposed. The at least one antenna element arrangement is positioned and/or held on the printed circuit board in the area of the recess.

Abstract: An antenna having a capacitive element is disclosed. Herein, the antenna is configured of a radiator, a ground plane being spaced apart to a predetermined distance from the radiator, a ground pin electrically connected to the radiator and the ground plane, a capacitive element located between the radiator and the ground plane, a first branch arm electrically connecting the capacitive element and the radiator, and a second branch arm electrically connecting the capacitive element and the ground plane. Thus, multiple band and broad band characteristics can be realized by the simple structure of the antenna.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a portable radio apparatus that obtains a high antenna performance without limiting the degree of freedom in the exterior and design of a main body of portable radio apparatus. A portable radio apparatus (1) includes a radiation element (14) disposed on a side opposite to a rear part (10a) of a housing (10) through a circuit board (11), and a plate conductor (16) disposed substantially in parallel to the circuit board (11) between the circuit board (11) and the rear part (10a) of the housing (10).

Abstract: The present invention provides a capacitive grounded RF coaxial cable to airstrip transition which comprises a conductive ground plane, an insulating gasket, a reflector plate and an insulating fixing component. The conductive ground plane, the insulating gasket and the reflector plate are attached uniformly and tightly in sequence and fixed together by the insulating fixing component. The outer surface of the conductive ground plane is connected conductively with the outer conductor of the RF coaxial cable. Preferably, the conductive ground plane is a metal plate and the insulating gasket is a plastic gasket. The capacitive grounded RF coaxial cable to airstrip transition further comprises at least one perforation penetrating the conductive ground plane, the insulating gasket and the reflector plate in sequence. The insulating fixing component includes at least one insulating rivet and at least one conductive supporting piece is arranged on the outer surface of the conductive ground plane.

Abstract: A projected artificial magnetic mirror (PAMM) radar device includes a transceiver module, a shaping module, and an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes a plurality of metal patches, a metal backing, a dielectric material, and one or more antennas. The metal patches are electrically coupled to the metal backing to form an inductive-capacitive network that, for the one or more antennas and within a given frequency band, substantially reduces surface waves to obtain a detectable angle of incidence of approximately ninety degrees.

Abstract: A broadband antenna is capable of generating an upper resonant mode (at about 700 MHz) from a first radiating arm and a lower resonant mode (at about 500 MHz) from a second radiating arm. The first and second radiating arms are bent at least one time. An open end of the second radiating arm is extended toward an open end of the first radiating arm with a predefined distance there between. The predefined distance can be adjusted to improve the impedance matching of lower resonant mode, which can be further combined with the upper resonant mode to achieve a broad bandwidth covering the complete spectrum of digital TV channels (470-862 MHz).

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for a stacked die configuration of a high isolation switch and a rejection filter where transmit and receive signals are desired to have a high out-of-band rejection and a low loss band-pass region. In some aspects of the invention the high isolation switch is a double pole double throw switch modified to operate as a high isolation single pole double throw (SPDT) switch. In some aspects of the invention the high isolation switch is a conventional high isolation SPDT switch. The switch is mounted on a low profile rejection filter having metallization on a portion of an outer surface of the rejection filter. The metallization on the outer surface of the rejection filter provides an AC ground layer in close proximity to the switch that provides a short coupling path between the switch and the AC ground. The resulting switch-filter component also results in a smaller footprint than if the two devices were mounted individually and/or adjacently.

Abstract: In a radio-frequency device in which a dielectric layer, a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer are stacked one on another, the second conductive layer is including a plurality of conductive elements which are arrayed periodically and independently of one another at a specified array pitch, and a plurality of connecting elements for electrically connecting a plurality of mutually neighboring ones of the conductive elements to each other. The connection by the connecting elements is selectively made, thus making it possible to control radiation directivity of an electromagnetic field formed by the first and second conductive layers.

Abstract: This invention is a wireless communication medium processing apparatus which carries out communication with a wireless communication medium, to carry out at least one of reading and writing as to information which was stored in the wireless communication medium, and has a plurality of antenna, a transmission divider which was connected to the plurality of antennas, and a reception compositor which was connected to the plurality of antennas, and is characterized in that the transmission divider divides an inputted signal to output the plurality of antennas, and the reception compositor combines signals from the plurality of antennas and outputs it.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an antenna structure. In one embodiment, the method includes forming an antenna trace on a substrate proximate a ground plane of the substrate. In addition, the method includes creating an insulation region extending through the substrate and located between the antenna trace and the ground plane.

Abstract: A radiation device having a L-shaped ground plane. The radiation device comprises a radiation patch; a feeding-in device for exciting the radiation patch; and a L-shaped ground plane. The L-shaped ground plane has a first ground plane and a second ground plane, and the first ground plane is parallel to the radiation patch and an included angle is formed between the fist and the second ground plane. The feeding-in device is used for coupling the energy to the radiation patch, and is connected to the first ground plane of the L-shaped ground plane.

Abstract: An antenna system is presented including an electrically conductive radiating mast that extends generally vertical relative to earth ground. The mast has a lower end for receiving RF energy for radiation thereby at an operating RF frequency and an upper end. A plurality of N radial, electrically conductive, wires are provided with each having an inner end and an outer end. The inner ends of the radial wires are electrically connected together and located proximate to the vertical mast. The radial wires are elevated throughout their lengths above the level of earth ground and extend radially outward from the vertical mast. A tuning device, such as an adjustable inductor, is connected to the radial wires for adjusting the impedance thereof such that the radial wires resonate at the operating frequency.

Abstract: A broadband couple-fed planar antenna including radiating strips on the ground plane. Plural radiating strips are electrically connected to a ground plane and are formed on the same plane of the ground plane. The radiating strip has a first segment extended from an edge of the ground and a second segment bend at an angle connected to the first segment. The couple-fed planar antenna has a feeding line coupling signals to the radiating strips. The number of the radiating strips is flexible for the required bandwidth of the couple-fed plannar antenna.

Abstract: A planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) to facilitate communications within a plurality of frequency bands is disclosed. The top plate of the PIFA is placed at a predetermined height above a ground plane and shorting pins are placed in contact between the top plate and the ground plane. The feed pin is placed a predetermined distance away from each of the shorting pins within the interior area of the top plate. The shorting pins provide the ability to tune the PIFA to achieve either class-F or inverse class-F impedances over a wide range of frequencies. Also disclosed is an offset top loaded monopole (TLM) in which the feed pin connected to the top plate is offset from the centre of the top plate to provide a desired impedance.

Abstract: A multiband transformation stage (14) comprising a common first signal port (20), a common second signal port (26) and a signal path (50) coupled between the first signal port (20) and the second signal port (26) is described. The signal path (50) is switchable between a first state with a first quarter-wavelength transformer characteristic for a first frequency band, a second state with a second quarter-wavelength transformer characteristic for a second frequency band and a third state with a transmission characteristic. The invention also relates to a multiband switching device comprising the multiband transformation stage (14) in combination with a low-power switching stage (16).

Abstract: A three-band, two-antenna, assembly includes a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) having a radiating/receiving element that is spaced from and extends generally parallel to a ground plane element. The planar radiating/receiving element of an inverted-F antenna (IFA) is located in an open space that exists between the radiating/receiving element of the PIFA and the ground plane element. The radiating/receiving element of the IFA extends either perpendicular to, or parallel to, the radiating/receiving element of the PIFA. The radiating/receiving element of the PIFA includes one or more open slot configurations that operate to provide dual resonant frequencies for the IPFA (AMPS/PCS or GSM/DCS). The radiating/receiving element of the IFA operates in a non-cellular frequency band (ISM or GPS).

Abstract: An internal multi-band antenna (10) for a mobile communication devices having a planar radiating element (12) and a ground plane conductor (14) disposed substantially parallel thereto with a dielectric (16) such as air or a substrate therebetween. The radiating element (12) includes at a feed point, for example, a feeding strap (18), which may have an L-shape. One or more shorting straps (20,22) are selectively connected between the radiating element (12) and the ground conductor (14), positioned relative to the feed point for tuning the input impedance at the feed point, and for tuning the resonant frequency of the planar radiating element (12). The radiating element includes an angled slot (26) having at least three slot sections, for example, N, M, W shapes and the like, mutually coupled at a second resonant frequency to increase resonant frequency bandwidth. The feeding strap (18) and one or more shorting straps may be provided as inverted L straps (30) for a series LC impedance.

Abstract: An intentional radiator includes an antenna and a ground plane. The ground plane is to be coupled to shielding that includes an opening for the antenna wherein the intentional radiator is to be positioned such that the antenna radiates through the opening. The shielding and the ground plane together act to reduce emissions through the opening.

Abstract: An antenna includes a radiation conductor unit constructed with a plurality of radiation conductors having different lengths which extend in parallel to each other from an electricity-supplying conductor and a grounded conductor unit which opposes said plurality of radiation conductor in an approximately parallel manner with a predetermined distance therebetween. The radiation conductor unit and the grounded conductor unit are contained in an insulating casing constructed by a pair of cases which is fixed to each other. The casing is provided with a plurality of projections for positioning the radiation conductor unit and the grounded conductor unit.

Abstract: A slot antenna device for transmitting and/or receiving radio frequency (RF) waves, connectable to a radio communication device including signal processing circuitry, includes a substantially planar conductive antenna element provided with a slot, and with feeding and grounding points respectively located at opposite sides of the slot; a substantially planar RF ground conductor located substantially in parallel with the planar conductive antenna element; a grounding connector connecting the planar ground conductor to the grounding point; and a feeding connector connecting the signal processing circuitry to the feeding point. The antenna device is connectable to the radio communication device such that the planar ground conductor is located between the conductive antenna element and the signal processing circuitry, to effectively shield the circuitry from RF waves.

Abstract: A low-profile antenna includes a ground-plane element defining a ground plane and an elongated radiator element configured and disposed in relation to the ground plane to define a vertical loop when the ground plane is horizontally disposed. A substantial broad segment of the radiator element is parallel to the ground plane. One end of the radiator element is connected to the ground-plane element and another end of the radiator element having spaced-apart legs with feet is capacitively coupled to the ground-plane element by dielectric spacing elements that are disposed between the feet of the radiator element and the ground-plane element. A conductive-material layer contacts the feet between the feet and the dielectric spacing element. An exposed portion of the conductive-material layer that extends from beneath the feet of the radiator element includes removal tabs for enabling the capacitive coupling to be adjusted by removing at least some of the exposed tabs.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus for a hand-held symbology reader device having a housing and an elongated one-quarter wavelength antenna. A rotatable coupling member has an L-shaped conductor fixedly and electrically coupled to the antenna by a first end thereof. A second end of the L-shaped conductor is rotatably received by the housing. A ground plane of an electrically conductive material, having a plastic film coated thereon, is positioned within the housing. A washer of an electrically conductive material is electrically coupled to the second end of the L-shaped conductor, and is positioned in face-to-face juxtaposition with a portion of the ground plane. The washer and the portion of the ground plane form a parallel plate capacitor, with the plastic film forming a dielectric therebetween to capacitively couple the ground plane to the antenna.

Abstract: An antenna (20) has a set of elongated electrically conductive radiating elements (24) disposed about a central mast (26) in the form of a maypole. The radiating elements are electrically connected to each other at a top end of the mast by a top ring (28) and near a bottom end of the mast by a bottom ring (30), both of the rings being electrically insulated from the mast. A positioning unit (32) is located on the mast between the two rings for bowing the radiating elements away from the mast. Sections of the respective radiating elements located between the positioning unit and the bottom ring are severed and connected together by impedance elements (82). Each of the impedance elements includes a resistor (84) which serves as a load for providing a current distribution in a radiating element similar to that of a traveling wave, the impedance elements also having an inductor (86) and a capacitor (88) connected in parallel with the resistor.

Abstract: A plane antenna comprising first and second plates made of a synthetic resin. The first plate has a first metal film formed thereon and the second plate has a second metal film formed thereon. A plurality of pins extend between the first and second plates for maintaining the first and second plates in spaced-parallel relation to each other with the first and second films facing to each other. The pins include at least one first pin for providing an electric connection between the first and second metal films and a second pin insulated from the second metal film for providing an electric connection of the first metal film to a lead wire. The first and second metal films have a spacific resistance .rho. [m] and a permeability .mu. [H/m]. The first and second metal films have a thickness greater than a value t [m] calculated from an equation as follows: ##EQU1## where f is a signal frequency [Hz] for which the plane antenna is used.

Abstract: A novel underground guided wave antenna system and method. The system comprises at least one substantially linear, electrically insulated radiating element which is buried in the earth so as to lie no more than approximately one skin depth below the earth's surface. The effective electrical length of each radiating element is equal to at least one-third of the wavelength, as measured in the earth, of the electromagnetic signals being propagated; and the effective electrical length of a radiating element may be made greater than its actual physical length, if desired, by providing tree terminations at the ends of such radiating element.The efficiency of the system can be increased, particularly when operating at high frequencies, by surrounding the radiating elements with a low loss dielectric substance, such as, for example, crushed rock.

Abstract: A wireless communication system and method for employing underground or low profile surface deployed current drivers for inducing ground currents in the earth which define loop antennas for sending and receiving electromagnetic signals propagated through the atmosphere over a wide bandwidth. The system uses a current driver whose impedance is adjusted so that it matches the impedance of a transmitter/receiver connected thereto. The current driver is capacitively coupled to the surrounding ground so that the current driver and the earth effectively function together as a vertical plane polarized antenna which propagates a vertically polarized electromagnetic signal. The system can be operated using either a single current driver or, where increased signal gain is desired, using an array of current drivers that are spaced in parallel. A undirectional vertically polarized signal may be produced by shortening the length of one current driver conductor with respect to the other arm.

Abstract: A transportable wireless communication system and method for employing lightweight, compact, low profile surface deployed current drivers which are capable of rapid deployment and quick retrieval and which are used for inducing ground currents in the earth so as to send and receive electromagnetic signals propagated through the atmosphere over a wide bandwidth. The impedance of the current driver and earth is adjusted to match the impedance of a transmitter/receiver connected thereto. The current driver is capacitively coupled to the earth so that the current driver and the earth effectively function together as a vertical plane polarized antenna which propagates a vertically polarized electromagnetic signal. The system utilizes either a single current driver or, where increased signal gain is desired, an array of current drivers spaced in parallel. A unidirectional vertically polarized signal may be produced by shortening the length of one current driver conducting arm with respect to the other arm.

Abstract: A transit antenna in which a grounded base is provided. A housing is mounted on the base. The chamber and base define a chamber. A substrate is fixed to the base. The housing and substrate have interconnected surfaces to maintain the substrate in substantially fixed orientation with respect to the base. Capacitively coupled antenna layers are in opposite faces of the substrate.