Abstract: A radio communication receiver which includes an antenna array having at least two antennas to provide antenna diversity. The receiver is for receiving signals containing orthogonally coded data sub-streams derived from a source data stream. The receiver also has receiver circuitry, coupled to the antenna array, having a detection stage to detect the data sub-streams and a combiner stage for combining the detected data sub-streams to recover the source data stream. Each antenna has an electrically insulative core of solid material having a dielectric constant greater than 5. Each antenna also has a three-dimensional antenna element structure disposed on or adjacent the outer surface of the core.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tapered double balun for use with rotationally-symmetrical, frequency-independent antennas that are fed using spiral-mode number 2. The tapered double balun may be used to provide a four-terminal line, where all terminals carry the same voltage, but adjacent terminals are out of phase and opposite terminals are in phase. The antennas may be spirals, sinuous, or other four-arm antennas. The tapered double balun is a stripline device comprising two outer ground planes and a center conductor that is dielectrically separated from the ground planes. The outer ground planes each taper from a wide dimension at the connector end of the device to a narrow dimension at the antenna end of the device. The narrow opposing strips comprising the ground planes are configured to connect to two opposed arms of the antenna.

Abstract: This invention addresses a flip antenna design for mobile devices operating in ISM 900 MHz band. More specifically the present invention addresses the need to change the gain of a transceiver antenna (for mobile devices) with the flip of the antenna without changing any other characteristics of the transceiver.

Abstract: Symmetrical eight-shaped balun (BALanced-to-UNbalanced converter) comprising a first and second eye, each eye comprising conducting tracks forming turns. The eyes comprise an equal number of primary turns that form a first conducting path from a first terminal to a second terminal, in which in operation electrical current flows in a first direction in a first eye and in a second direction in a second eye. Moreover, the eyes further comprise an equal number of secondary turns that form a second conducting path from a third terminal to a fourth terminal, in which in operation electrical current flows in a first direction in a first eye and in a second direction in a second eye. The geometrical and electrical middle points of primary and secondary turns are all superposed and further are located in the same plane.

Abstract: A programmable antenna includes a fixed antenna element and a programmable antenna element that is tunable in response to at least one antenna control signal, wherein tuning the programmable antenna element changes an impedance of the antenna. A programmable impedance matching network is tunable in response in response to at least one matching network control signal to adjust for the changes in the impedance of the antenna.

Abstract: Antennas, integrated driveshaft covers, and methods are disclosed. A particular antenna includes a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer has a first curved surface and a second curved surface opposite the first curved surface. A conductive body has a curved outer surface, where the first curved surface of the dielectric layer is positioned against the curved outer surface. A high frequency (HF) antenna layer is positioned over positioned over the second curved surface of the dielectric layer, where the HF antenna layer is curved to conform to the second curved surface of the dielectric layer. A pair of contacts may be configured to receive an electrical connection for the HF antenna layer. When an HF signal is applied to the pair of contacts, the conductive body interacts with the HF antenna layer to radiate energy.

Abstract: A differential feed notched radiator. A notched radiator includes a planar dielectric substrate having a first surface and an oppositely facing second surface, and a first conductive layer on the first surface and a second conductive layer on the second surface. The first and second conductive layers are patterned to provide a tapered notch in a first region of the planar dielectric substrate, the tapered notch having a first end and a second end wider than the first end, and the first and second conductive layers patterned to provide a balun in a second region of the planar dielectric substrate, the balun connected with the first end of the tapered notch. A conductive strip for transferring differential signals is embedded in the planar dielectric substrate between the first and second conductive layers, a portion of the conductive strip intersecting a portion of the tapered notch near the first end.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a ground section including a planar section, a feeding section, a first feeding element arranged along the planar section of the ground section, and a second feeding element including a loop-like body portion arranged parallel to the first feeding element at a predetermined distance from the first feeding element, the loop-like body portion including one end portion bent to be electrically connected to the ground section, and the other end portion bent to be electrically connected to the feeding section. Both of the one end portion and the other end portion of the second feeding element are provided in a vicinity of an outer periphery of the ground section.

Abstract: A balun that includes a first conductor, a second conductor, and a third conductor. The first conductor has a first length. The first conductor also has a first end connected to a first balanced power amplifier output port. The second conductor has substantially the same first length. The second conductor also includes a first end connected to a second balanced power amplifier output port and a second end connected to a second end of the first conductor. The third conductor has substantially the same first length. The third conductor has a first end connected to an antenna port and a second end connected to a ground potential.

Abstract: A MMIC amplifier is directly connected to the balanced feed points at the aperture of an antenna to eliminate the distance between electronics coupled to the antenna and the antenna itself, such that interfaces, components and connection lines which introduce losses and parasitic effects that degrade system performance are eliminated due the direct connection. Expanding the aperture of the antenna to accommodate the direct connection of a MMIC amplifier to balanced feed points of an antenna has been found to have no deleterious effects on antenna performance. Moreover, when coupling the MMIC amplifier to an unbalanced coaxial line, any associated ripple is minimized due to the direct connection.

Abstract: In a dielectrically-loaded multifilar helical antenna, a conductive phasing ring is arranged between and couples together feed nodes and the helical radiating elements. The phasing ring includes an annular conductive path having an electrical length equivalent to a full wavelength at the operating frequency so as to be resonant at that frequency. The helical elements are coupled to the outer periphery of the phasing ring at respective spaced apart coupling locations. The helical elements may include open-circuit or closed-circuit elongate conductive tracks, or a combination of both. In the case of the helical elements being closed-circuit tracks, these tracks are interconnected by a second resonant ring, which is resonant at the same frequency as or a different frequency from the first resonant ring. The invention is applicable to both end-fire and back-fire helical antennas.

Abstract: A dual polarization antenna system includes a dipole antenna oriented along a first plane (e.g., a horizontal plane), and a monopole antenna oriented along a second plane (e.g., a vertical plane) orthogonal to the first plane, wherein the monopole antenna is referenced to a V-null point of the dipole antenna.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a circuit is provided that includes: an impulse generator operable to provide a pulse train; a pulse position modulator having a splitting junction configured to receive the pulse train, the pulse position modulator including a plurality of n transmission lines, wherein n is an integer, the n transmission lines being selectably coupled in parallel between the splitting junction and a combining junction, the impulse generator driving each transmission line having a unique delay such that if the transmission line is selected, each pulse received at the splitting junction is uniquely delayed into a delayed pulse, whereby if all the transmission lines are selected, each pulse received at the splitting junction is uniquely delayed into a corresponding plurality of n delayed pulses; and a controller operable to select the transmission lines responsive to received words of n bits in length, each word arranged from a first bit to an nth bit, and wherein the transmission lines are arranged from a fi

Abstract: In one embodiment, a wafer scale radar antenna module (WSAM) is provided that includes: a substrate; a plurality of antennas adjacent the substrate; an RF feed network adjacent the substrate, the RF feed network coupling to a distributed plurality of amplifiers integrated with the substrate, wherein the RF feed network and the distributed plurality of amplifiers are configured to form a resonant network such that if a timing signal is injected into an input port of the RF feed network, the resonant network oscillates to provide a globally synchronized RF signal to a plurality of integrated antenna circuits, wherein each integrated antenna circuits includes a corresponding subset of antennas from the plurality of antennas, and wherein each integrated antenna circuit includes a pulse shaping circuit having a plurality of selectable delay paths, each pulse shaping circuit being configured to rectify and level shift a version of the globally synchronized signal through selected ones of the selectable delay paths

Abstract: A double balun dipole antenna element includes a dielectric substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, a pair of coplanar Marchand baluns positioned in a mutually antiphase configuration on the first and second surfaces, and at least one feed line connected to the pair of Marchand baluns. A doubly polarized antenna element includes a pair of orthogonally interleaved double balun dipole antenna elements, which can be further configured into an array of such antenna elements.

Abstract: A feed module is provided for an array antenna. The feed module comprises a multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB) feed structure for coupling signals between connections to transmitters or receivers and connection points for connecting to antenna elements of the array antenna. The multi-layer PCB feed structure comprises a body portion, incorporating coupling components, and a number of line sections for connecting to elements of the array antenna. The planar layers of the multi-layer PCB are arranged to be mounted substantially perpendicular to a planar array of antenna elements of the array antenna when the feed module is integrated therewith.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna assembly that is operable to receive and/or transmit signals at one or more frequencies generally includes at least two radiating elements, a transmission line coupled to each of the at least two radiating elements, and a tunable match resonator coupled to the transmission line. The tunable match resonator is operable to vary input impedance of a signal received and/or transmitted by the antenna assembly by changing an electrical field within the tunable match resonator.

Abstract: An antenna device includes: a shielded cable having a first connection portion on one end side and a second connection portion on the other end side; and an antenna element which is connected to the second connection portion of the shielded cable, wherein the shielded cable includes an inner conductor, a first insulator, a first outer conductor, a second insulator, and a second outer conductor, which are coaxially disposed in this order from an inner side, and is covered at its outer circumference by an insulation sheath, the first connection portion of the shielded cable is formed such that the inner conductor is supplied with power and the first outer conductor is connected to a ground, and in the second connection portion of the shielded cable, the first outer conductor is connected to the antenna element, and the inner conductor is connected to the second outer conductor.

Abstract: A dual-band dielectrically loaded multifilar antenna has a first group of helical conductive antenna elements extending from feed connection nodes to an annular linking conductor 20U, and a second group of conductive helical antenna elements extending from the feed coupling nodes in the direction of the linking conductor to substantially open-circuit ends spaced from the linking conductor. The helical elements of the first group are half-turn elements having an electrical length of approximately one half wavelength at a first operating frequency of the antenna. The helical elements of the second group are approximately quarter-turn helical elements having an electrical length in the region of one quarter wavelength and a second operating frequency of the antenna. Each group of elements is associated with a respective mode of resonance for circularly polarised radiation.

Abstract: This document describes designs and techniques for directly feeding an unbalanced transmission line with a balanced antenna using Composite Right and Left Handed (CRLH) and balun structures.

Abstract: An antenna is described having an RF connection and a second connection.

Abstract: A multiple antenna apparatus includes a substrate, a first antenna structure, and a second antenna structure. The first antenna structure includes a first metal trace that has a first pattern confined in a first geometric shape and has a near-zero electric field plane. The second antenna structure includes a second metal trace that has a first pattern confined to a second geometric shape. The second antenna structure is positioned on the substrate in substantial alignment with the near-zero electric field plane of the first antenna structure.

Abstract: Circularly-polarized antennas and their methods of use for active holographic imaging through barriers. The antennas are dielectrically loaded to optimally match the dielectric constant of the barrier through which images are to be produced. The dielectric loading helps to remove barrier-front surface reflections and to couple electromagnetic energy into the barrier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a dual-resonance broadband antenna, and more particularly, to such a dual-resonance broadband antenna in which dual resonance is caused to occur using an antenna consisting of a strip line, a microstrip line or the like having a meander pattern so as to receive a signal for a wireless communication service at a relatively low frequency band, particularly, a signal with a terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting (T-DMB) service frequency band of 174-216 MHz among a very high frequency (VHF) band. Particularly, the dual-resonance broadband antenna of the present invention is remarkably red used in its size (length) as compared to a general helical antenna, a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna or the like while using a wireless communication service at a relatively low frequency band, thereby achieving miniaturization thereof.

Abstract: An earphone antenna is provided that can eliminate high-frequency adverse effects on a wireless device transmitted from a human body via an earphone. The earphone antenna can ensure receiver sensitivity required for a signal in a wide frequency range without any sensitivity control operation and can transmit audio signals from a television receiver to an earphone unit. Two pairs of audio/high-frequency signal lines (8La), (8Lb), (8Ra), and (8Rb) corresponding to the left and right earphone units (12L) and (12R) are connected to a balun (4). Terminals of the two pairs of audio/high-frequency signal lines remote from the balun are connected to the left and right earphone units (12L) and (12R) via loading coils (LLa), (LLb), (LRa), and (LRb). The Terminals of the two pairs of audio/high-frequency signal lines remote from the balun are further connected to each other by a pair of conductive lines (20a) and (20b).

Abstract: An apparatus providing a low impedance transition from a pulse generator to one or more helical antennae. Conventional transition from coaxial-to-antenna causes energy loss. The present invention decreases that loss.

Abstract: A slot antenna apparatus includes a grounding conductor having an outer edge including a first portion and a second portion, a one-end-opened slot formed in the grounding conductor along a radiation direction such that an open end is provided at a center of the first portion, a first feed line intersecting with the slot to feed radio-frequency signals, a second feed line connected to an external circuit, and a signal processing circuit including active elements and connected between the first and second feed lines and connected to the grounding conductor. The grounding conductor is configured to be symmetric about an axis parallel to the radiation direction and passing through the slot, and is provided with a grounding terminal on the axis of symmetry at the second portion. The grounding terminal is to be connected to a ground of the external circuit.

Abstract: A balanced patched inverse F antenna comprises a radiation conductor and a balun circuit. The radiation conductor includes a main body, a first branch and a second branch. The balun circuit includes an unbalanced port, a balanced port, and first, second, third and fourth components, with the first, second, third and fourth components being serially connected. A feeding input of the unbalanced port is connected to the second and third components, a grounding wire of the unbalanced port is connected to the first and fourth components, an inverting terminal of the balanced port is connected to the first and second components, a non-inverting terminal of the balanced port is connected to the third and fourth components, and the inverting and non-inverting terminals are respectively connected to the first and second branches.

Abstract: A programmable antenna includes a fixed antenna element and a programmable antenna element that is tunable to one of a plurality of resonant frequencies in response to at least one antenna control signal. A programmable impedance matching network is tunable in response to at least one matching network control signal, to provide, for instance, a substantially constant load impedance. A control module generates the antenna control signals and the matching network control signals, in response to a frequency selection signal.

Abstract: A first printed circuit board for vertical polarized wave has a plurality of vertical polarized wave elements which serves as antenna elements, and a first feeder circuit which is connected to the plurality of vertical polarized wave elements. A second printed circuit board for horizontal polarized wave has a second feeder circuit which is connected to a plurality of horizontal polarized wave elements which serves as antenna elements, and is mounted with the plurality of horizontal polarized wave elements. A cutout portion is provided between the adjacent two vertical polarized wave elements of the first printed circuit board, and the first and second printed circuit boards are arranged parallel so that the horizontal polarized wave elements are arranged in the cutout portions of the first printed circuit board.

Abstract: A balun, generally including a substrate, a microstrip conductor, and a parallel strip conductor is described, where a characteristic impedance of the balun is substantially constant at each cross-sectional point along a length of the balun. A transverse electromagnetic horn antenna can transmit and receive ultra-wide band pulses, and includes a first metal conductor and a second metal conductor, where a characteristic impedance of the first and second conductor varies over a length of the antenna in a controlled means.

Abstract: A dielectrically loaded backfire helical antenna has a cylindrical ceramic core and a feed structure which passes axially through the core to a distal end face of the core where it is connected to helical conductors located on the outside of the core. Opening out on the proximal end face of the core is a cavity which is coaxial with the feed structure. A conductive balun layer encircling a portion of the core extends over the proximal end face of the core and the wall of the cavity to connect the helical elements to the feeder structure when it emerges into the cavity. The presence of the cavity and accommodating some of the length of the balun in the cavity allows a reduction in the size and weight of a dielectrically loaded backfire antenna.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tapered double balun for use with rotationally-symmetrical, frequency-independent antennas that are fed using spiral-mode number 2. The tapered double balun may be used to provide a four-terminal line, where all terminals carry the same voltage, but adjacent terminals are out of phase and opposite terminals are in phase. The antennas may be spirals, sinuous, or other four-arm antennas. The tapered double balun is a stripline device comprising two outer ground planes and a center conductor that is dielectrically separated from the ground planes. The outer ground planes each taper from a wide dimension at the connector end of the device to a narrow dimension at the antenna end of the device. The narrow opposing strips comprising the ground planes are configured to connect to two opposed arms of the antenna.

Abstract: An integrated electronics matching circuit is placed directly at the feed points of an antenna to match a transmission line to the impedance of the antenna that results in preserving the originally-designed wide bandwidth of the antenna, which in one embodiment is 10:1. A methodology is provided for the design of the integrated electronics matching circuit that marries the output of an antenna modeling tool with an integrated circuit design tool, in which the S parameter outputs of the antenna modeling tool for the antenna ports are coupled to the corresponding ports of the integrated circuit designed by the integrated circuit design tool.

Abstract: A polarization switching antenna device capable of switching a polarization without increase of an antenna installing space and also handling a variety of frequency bands is provided. A connection state of one end of a loop antenna element arranged on a side surface of a case is switched. Thus, the polarization characteristic is switched by switching selectively whether the antenna element should constitute a loop antenna or a linear antenna. Matching circuits suitable for respective characteristics are provided. The loop antenna can be fed in terms of a balanced feeding. A balanced feeding and an unbalanced feeding can be switched.

Abstract: A multilayered substrate includes a first layer and at least one second layer laminated on one face of the first layer. A first component is mounted on the other face of the first layer. A second component is comprised of a pattern formed on at least one second layer, and electrically connected to the first component through a via hole.

Abstract: A pair of balanced terminals is connected to a pair of interdigital-coupled quarter-wave resonators in an electronic device. This electronic device has a first resonance mode that resonates at a first resonance frequency f1 higher than a resonance frequency f0 in each of the pair of quarter-wave resonators when establishing no interdigital-coupling, and a second resonance mode that resonates at a second resonance frequency f2 lower than the resonance frequency f0. The second resonance frequency f2 of a low frequency is set as an operating frequency. This provides an electronic device and a filter that facilitate miniaturization and enable a balanced signal to be transmitted with superior balance characteristics.

Abstract: According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are provided of antenna assemblies. In one exemplary embodiment, an antenna assembly generally includes at least one antenna element having a generally annular shape with an opening. At least one reflector element is spaced-apart from the antenna element for reflecting electromagnetic waves generally towards the antenna element.

Abstract: An antenna of the present invention includes a coaxial cable, antenna elements (3a and 3b), and an unbalanced/balanced converter. The unbalanced/balanced converter has a high-pass circuit provided between an input terminal port1 and an output terminal port2 and a low-pass circuit provided between the input terminal port1 and an output terminal port3. Moreover, the high-pass circuit rejects frequencies within a VHF band, and the high-pass circuit and the low-pass circuit both pass frequencies within a UHF band. In response to a signal, inputted to the input terminal port1, which falls within the UHF band, the high-pass circuit and the low-pass circuit output signals that are inverted in phase and equal in amplitude with respect to each other. Therefore, the antenna has high transmission and reception sensitivity in a wide frequency range, i.e., in the VHF and UHF bands. This makes it possible to provide an antenna having high transmission and reception sensitivity in a wide frequency range.

Abstract: A Radio Frequency (RF) structure services an antenna having a characteristic impedance and includes a differential Power Amplifier (PA), a differential Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), and a balun transformer. The differential PA has a differential PA output with a PA differential output impedance. The differential LNA has a differential LNA input with an LNA differential input impedance. The balun transformer has a singled ended winding coupled to the antenna, a differential winding having a first pair of tap connections coupled to the differential PA output and a second pair of tap connections coupled to the differential LNA input, and a turns ratio of the single ended winding and the differential winding. The turns ratio and the first pair of tap connections impedance match the PA differential output impedance to the characteristic impedance of the antenna. The turns ratio and the second pair of tap connections impedance match the LNA differential input impedance to the characteristic impedance of the antenna.

Abstract: There is disclosed an antenna device comprising a pair of physically and electrically symmetrical radiating elements configured for cooperative operation as a balanced antenna, and a third radiating element configured for operation as an unbalanced antenna The balanced antenna may be configured for operation in a first frequency band, and the unbalanced antenna may be configured for operation in a second frequency band Embodiments of the disclosed antenna device provide multiband operation close to a conductive groundplane and are strongly resistant to detuning.

Abstract: A balun is provided in which first balanced line and second balanced line are disposed on a nearly the same plane, first unbalanced line is disposed above first balanced line at a predetermined distance from first balanced line, second unbalanced line is disposed below second balanced line at the predetermined distance from second balanced line. With this configuration, the distance between first unbalanced line and second unbalanced line can be increased thereby greatly suppressing mutual cancellation of a current flowing in first unbalanced line and a current flowing in second unbalanced line.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the disclosure, a dual polarized antenna includes first and second active elements and at least one parasitic element disposed a predetermined distance from the first and second active elements. Circuitry is coupled to the first and second active elements and operable to generate electro-magnetic energy from the first and second active elements along a direction of propagation. The first active element having a direction of polarization that is different than a direction of polarization of the second active element.

Abstract: An antenna having a cylindrical shaped dielectric core region that defines top, bottom, and side surfaces. Two laterally opposed conductive linking tracks are provided at the top or bottom surface and connect to respective groups of conductive antenna elements which extend across the top (or bottom surface) and at least partially down (or up) the side surface. A balun having two input terminals and two output terminals is provided at the top (or bottom) surface such that a feed line having two conductors extending from outside of the antenna connect respectively to the input terminals and the output terminals each connect respectively to a linking track.

Abstract: A triple-band antenna for an electronic device with a communication capability comprises a first radiating body, a second radiating body, a metal base and a signal feed source. A dual-band antenna for low frequency and high frequency bands may be formed by the first radiating body. A middle-frequency band antenna and a balun may be formed by the combination of the first radiating body and the second radiating body, and the balun may be used to increase the bandwidth of operating frequencies of the intermediate frequency band antenna.

Abstract: A dielectrically-loaded helical antenna has a cylindrical ceramic core bearing metallised helical antenna elements which are coupled to a coaxial feeder structure passing axially through the core. Secured to the end face of the core is an impedance matching section in the form of a laminate board. The matching section embodies a shunt capacitance and a series inductance.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a low profile antenna according to the present invention comprises a balanced transmission line, electronic circuitry, and a parasitic element. The electronic circuitry is coupled to an interconnecting end of the transmission line and operable to direct electromagnetic energy through the transmission line to a terminating end. The parasitic element has a surface that is disposed at a predetermined distance from the terminating end and normal to the central axis such that the surface of the parasitic element covers an opening formed by the terminating end.

Abstract: An antenna of the present invention includes a coaxial cable, antenna elements (3a and 3b), and an unbalanced/balanced converter. The unbalanced/balanced converter has a high-pass circuit provided between an input terminal port1 and an output terminal port2 and a low-pass circuit provided between the input terminal port1 and an output terminal port3. Moreover, the high-pass circuit rejects frequencies within a VHF band, and the high-pass circuit and the low-pass circuit both pass frequencies within a UHF band. In response to a signal, inputted to the input terminal port1, which falls within the UHF band, the high-pass circuit and the low-pass circuit output signals that are inverted in phase and equal in amplitude with respect to each other. Therefore, the antenna has high transmission and reception sensitivity in a wide frequency range, i.e., in the VHF and UHF bands. This makes it possible to provide an antenna having high transmission and reception sensitivity in a wide frequency range.

Abstract: The specification and drawings present a new apparatus and method for antenna arrangement by providing a feed arrangement through a flex connection for radiating elements of a first part and a second part (e.g., lower and upper parts, respectively) of a mobile terminal (e.g., a slide-type terminal), wherein the first and second parts are configured to move relative to each other during operation of the mobile terminal. For a slide-type terminal, the first and the second parts can be sliding relative to each other during said operation. This antenna arrangement can be used by any of the cellular or non-cellular wireless systems.

Abstract: An antenna for use in a direction finder system, said antenna including a microstrip patch layer with a stripline transmissionline layer below. The microstrip layer and the stripline layer share a common groundplane. In this groundplane is formed a number of apertures. Each aperture couples a patch to a radiation point in the stripline feed layer. The patches and transmissionlines are designed from a lossy material. The substrates in the microstrip and stripline layers may be designed from materials with lossy dielectric properties.