Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the production of an electrically conductive structure on a carrier substrate comprising at least two conductor track portions spaced in a region of a width b over the entire width b at between 500 ?m and 1 ?m and a multi-layer film body. A conductive layer in the form of the conductor track portions is produced on the surface of the carrier substrate. A metallic coating forming the electrically conductive structure is deposited on the conductive layer by application of a flow of current in an electrolyte which contains a dissolved coating metal. In the production of the conductive layer the conductive layer is additionally produced in the form of conductor track extensions which are arranged on both sides of the conductor track portions and which are convexly curved away from the oppositely disposed conductor track portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a receiving antenna coil capable of realizing both improvement in the reception characteristic and miniaturization. In a receiving antenna coil, at least one of an X-axis winding core part and a Y-axis winding core part is formed in a plurality of bars. While increasing occupancy of the winding core parts (the X-axis winding core part and the Y-axis winding core part) in a region in the XY plane surrounded by a Z-axis receiving coil, the length of the winding core parts can be assured long. Further, since the X-axis winding core part and the Y-axis winding core part are provided in the same plane, the height of the core is suppressed, and the dimension of the entire receiving antenna coil can be suppressed.

Abstract: Novel reconfigurable antennas are provided which may be used to accommodate the requirements for wideband multi-standard handheld communication devices. It is shown that using a shape memory alloy spring actuator, the height of a helical antenna and therefore the pitch spacing and angle can be varied. This can in turn tune the far-field radiation pattern and gain of the antenna dynamically to adjust to new operating conditions. The radiation pattern can further be directed using a two-helix array. Finally, a helical antenna embodiment is implemented and measured using a shape memory alloy actuator. Measurement results confirm that while keeping the centre frequency constant, gain tunability can be attained using this structure.

Abstract: A dual-band diversity antenna includes a ground plane and a main antenna system coupled to the ground plane, the main antenna system being a dipole having a primary dipole axis directed along the longitudinal axis of the wireless communication device, and a diversity antenna system coupled to the ground plane, the diversity antenna system being a monopole having an primary axis directed along the longitudinal axis of the wireless communication device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antenna with an integral electrical connection to a printed circuit board. The electrical connection is accomplished by providing a connection beam from a conductive layer to the circuit board. The connection beam is provided with a channel extending through the connection beam, such as a channel through the geometric center of the beam, and the channel is plated. The connection beam terminates with a contact point. The beam is deflectable to provide contact force.

Abstract: A solid antenna positioned on a substrate, includes a feeding portion for feeding electromagnetic signals and a radiating portion for transceiving the electromagnetic signals. The radiating portion includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, a fourth radiator, a first connecting section, and a second connecting section. The first radiator and the second radiator are positioned on a first plane, and respectively comprise a first inverted-U-shaped radiating section and a second inverted-U-shaped radiating section. The third U-shaped radiator is positioned on a second plane perpendicular to the first plane. The first connecting section connects the first radiator to the third radiator. The second connecting section connects the second radiator to the third radiator. The fourth radiator is connected to the second radiator. The first connecting section, the second connecting section, and the fourth radiator comprise one radiating section positioned on a third plane.

Abstract: A technique for tuning an antenna may include one or more of the following: working against a ground plane, utilizing the third dimension by alternating layers on a substrate, integrating an inductive short stub in the substrate to improve port matching, and making a tuning port available for capacitive loading and resonance modification.

Abstract: An antenna device usable in a radio apparatus including a printed board includes a ground conductor of the printed board, a first partial element, a second partial element and a parasitic element. The first partial element is shaped into an area having a first side facing a side of the ground conductor and a second side directed to cross the side of the ground conductor, and is provided with a feed portion around a first end of the first side being closer to the second side. The second partial element branches off from the first partial element around one of two ends of the second side being farther from the feed portion, and is directed almost against a direction from the feed portion to a second end of the first side being farther from the second side. The parasitic element has an end grounded around the second end.

Abstract: An antenna device includes an antenna element having an external form shaped into a substantially rectangular-shaped planar spiral coil and a switch provided to the antenna element.

Abstract: A near field apparatus comprises a Radio Frequency (RF) coil including at least one of a shorting bridge from a first point to a second point along an electrical path of the RF coil and/or a discontinuity in the electrical path of the RF coil.

Abstract: A plurality of conductive strip elements compose multilayer loading structures on top and bottom surfaces of a dielectric transmission substrate, by which a part of intra-substrate transmission components of a electromagnetic wave are leaked out of the surfaces. Each multilayer loading structure includes a first conductive strip group of conductive strip elements within a first plane, and a second conductive strip group of conductive strip elements within a second plane, and the first and second conductive strip groups are formed to be capacitively coupled to each other. In each of the first and second conductive strip groups, the conductive strip elements are placed at intervals of a distance of a quarter or less of a reference adjacent distance, where the reference adjacent distance is defined as a distance for generating spatial harmonics of the electromagnetic wave on the surfaces of the dielectric transmission substrate.

Abstract: An antenna circuit and a transponder with the antenna circuit are provided for forming a resonant circuit. The antenna circuit includes a substrate, an antenna conductor, and a sheet metal. The antenna conductor includes an antenna coil formed in a predetermined conductor pattern on a front surface of the substrate. The sheet metal is provided on a rear surface of the substrate opposed to the front surface of the substrate and includes a slit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a subminiature internal antenna, which exhibits a multi-band characteristic. The internal antenna includes a radiator electrically coupled at one end thereof to a feed element of a communication device and formed in a spiral shape as a whole. The radiator is disposed in such a manner as to extend at the other end thereof outwardly from the spiral shape. According to the present invention, the electromagnetic coupling is achieved in the radiator of the internal antenna and the other end of the radiator is disposed outwardly from the spiral shape so that the radiation interference is reduced to thereby obtain the multi-band characteristic.

Abstract: An antenna that can ensure a sufficient radio receiving level and a radio-wave receiving device on which the antenna is equipped are provided. The antenna includes a columnar magnetic core formed by a ferromagnetic body, a coil portion wound around the magnetic core, a flat-plate state extension portion extended from an end portion of the magnetic core, and a standing portion provided at least on a one-direction face of the extension portion. Such antenna is suitable for installation on a wrist-watch type radio controlled timepiece, particularly requiring a reduction in size and weight. By this arrangement, while the time display dial is more easily viewable, the radio controlled timepiece ensures that a sufficient standard-wave receiving level is provided.

Abstract: An antenna having an impedance matching section for attaching to a sheet or a garment. The antenna has a first, a second, and a third leaky substantially coaxial conductor. The first and the third coaxial conductors have an electrically conductive layer placed on the dielectric in a double helix. The second coaxial conductor has an electrically conductive layer placed on the dielectric in a single helix. The first coaxial conductor is coupled to the second coaxial conductor, the second coaxial conductor is coupled to the third coaxial conductor; and the third coaxial conductor is coupled in use to a first termination impedance. Methods to make the foregoing structures are also described.

Abstract: A communication device is presented that has an antenna structure with a relatively short length and covers multiple resonances including the UHF and the GPS bands. The antenna structure has a conductive base to which a whip antenna is connected through a helical radiating element. A cylindrical sheath capacitively connected to the helical element provides distributed impedance matching for the antenna structure. A monopole or another helical element provides higher resonance than that of the whip antenna or connected helical element. If the higher resonance is provided by a monopole, the monopole is disposed radially adjacent to the helical element and is capacitively connected with the helical element through an opening in the sheath. If the higher resonance is provided by a helical element, the helical element is capacitively or galvanically connected to the end of the whip antenna.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an ID chip in which gain of an antenna is increased and the mechanical strength of an integrated circuit can be enhanced without suppressing a circuit scale. A semiconductor device typified by an ID chip of the present invention includes an integrated circuit using a semiconductor element formed from a thin semiconductor film and an antenna connected to the integrated circuit. The antenna and the integrated circuit are formed on a substrate, and a conducting wire or a conductive film included in the antenna is divided into two layers and formed so as to sandwich the substrate provided with the integrated circuit.

Abstract: A planer antenna structure includes a first planer antenna and a second planer antenna. The first planer antenna has a first axial orientation and a conductive antenna pattern on a first surface of a supporting substrate. The second planer antenna has a second axial orientation and the conductive antenna pattern on the first surface of the supporting substrate.

Abstract: An antenna includes a substrate having a first layer, a second layer, a third layer and a fourth layer, and an antenna unit having a first pattern being of a substantially coiled shape and printed on the first layer, a second pattern being of a meandering shaped and printed on the second layer, a third pattern being of a meandering shaped and printed on a third layer, and a fourth pattern being of a substantially coiled shaped and printed on the fourth layer. The first pattern, the second pattern, the third pattern and the fourth pattern are of a serial connection. The free end of the first pattern connects a feeding point. The free end of the fourth pattern connects a grounding point. Thus, the antenna has advantages of compact size and low cost, due to the antenna unit printed on the substrate and the pattern of the antenna unit.

Abstract: A mobile device includes a ground plane, a conductive housing disposed on the ground plane including a sidewall, a first conductive strip spaced apart from the conductive housing, and a second conductive strip electrically connecting the first conductive strip to the conductive housing.

Abstract: An F-inverted compact antenna for ultra-low volume Wireless Sensor Networks is developed with a volume of 0.024?×0.06?×0.076?, ground plane included, where ? is a resonating frequency of the antenna. The radiation efficiency attained is 48.53% and the peak gain is ?1.38 dB. The antenna is easily scaled to higher operating frequencies up to 2500 MHz bands with comparable performance. The antenna successfully transmits and receives signals with tolerable errors. It includes a standard PCB board with dielectric block thereon and helically contoured antenna wound from a copper wire attached to the dielectric block and oriented with the helix axis parallel to the PCB. The antenna demonstrates omnidirectional radiation patterns and is highly integratable with WSN, specifically in Smart Dust sensors. The antenna balances the trade offs between performance and overall size and may be manufactured with the use of milling technique and laser cutters.

Abstract: A spiral, helical antenna is configured to produce a generally circular polarized radiation pattern covering a range of frequencies, over a ground plane. The antenna is comprised of a spring-like spiral conductor that may be held in compression by a size and shape regulating outer nonconductive membrane. The assembly may be compressed and or extended to adjust the antenna for best performance in a particular situation. The assembly may be compressed into a generally flattened state for storage and or transportation, and extended at a later time for use. Accurate antenna dimensions and good performance are afforded by the use of high quality spring materials in conjunction with precise membrane dimensions.

Abstract: A wireless microphone system is disclosed that uses a multiplicity of antennas to reduce or eliminate effects of radio frequency interference and intermodulation distortion. Signals from the multiplicity of antennas are selectively filtered, amplified and distributed as left and right diversity signals to microphone receivers for audio processing.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a sensor that receives a first electrical signal and provides a second electrical signal in response to the first electrical signal. The second electrical signal is based on at least one parameter monitored by the sensor. The apparatus also includes an antenna that converts first wireless signals into the first electrical signal and that converts the second electrical signal into second wireless signals. The antenna includes a substrate, conductive traces, and conductive interconnects. The conductive traces are formed on first and second surfaces of the substrate. The conductive interconnects couple the conductive traces, and the conductive interconnects and the conductive traces form at least one helical arm of the antenna. The conductive traces could be formed in various ways, such as by etching or direct printing. The conductive interconnects could also be formed in various ways, such as by filling vias in the substrate or direct printing.

Abstract: An antenna structure includes a positive feeding point, a negative feeding point, a radiation element, and a grounding element. The radiation element includes a first radiator and a second radiator. The first radiator has a first end coupled to the positive feeding point, and has a plurality of first side edges. The second radiator has a first end coupled to the negative feeding point, and has a plurality of second side edges. Herein the second radiator at least partially surrounds the first radiator, such that there are a plurality of predetermined gaps existed in between the plurality of first side edges of the first radiator and the plurality of second side edges of the second radiator to form coupling effects. The grounding element is coupled to the second radiator.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a spiral antenna includes an antenna element, a cavity, and a radio wave absorber. The spiral antenna is formed into a spiral shape on a dielectric substrate. The cavity is formed to have a space with the antenna element. The radio wave absorber is placed to cover a terminal end portion of the spiral.

Abstract: A radio communication receiver which includes an antenna array having at least two antennas to provide antenna diversity. The receiver is for receiving signals containing orthogonally coded data sub-streams derived from a source data stream. The receiver also has receiver circuitry, coupled to the antenna array, having a detection stage to detect the data sub-streams and a combiner stage for combining the detected data sub-streams to recover the source data stream. Each antenna has an electrically insulative core of solid material having a dielectric constant greater than 5. Each antenna also has a three-dimensional antenna element structure disposed on or adjacent the outer surface of the core.

Abstract: A quadrifilar helix antenna used to transmit and receive wireless signals may include a number of inductively loaded antenna elements. The antenna elements may be helically wound around a cylindrical structure.

Abstract: An antenna structure for a wireless communication device including a substrate having a first surface that supports an electronic component and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The antenna structure includes a first surface pattern formed on the first surface of the substrate. A second surface pattern is formed on the second surface of the substrate. The second surface pattern is at least partially separated from the first surface pattern in a direction perpendicular to a thicknesswise direction of the substrate.

Abstract: A backfire dielectrically loaded antenna for operation at a frequency in excess of 200 MHz includes a dielectric core having a relative dielectric constant greater than 5 and having an outer surface defining an interior volume the major part of which is occupied by solid material of the core; a three-dimensional antenna element structure including at least one pair of elongate conductive antenna elements disposed on or adjacent the side surface portion of the core and extending from a distal core surface portion towards a proximal core surface portion; a feed structure having an axially extending elongate laminate board including a transmission line section acting as a feed line which extends through a passage in the core from the distal core surface portion to the proximal core surface portion, and an antenna connection section having an integrally formed proximal extension of the transmission line section the width of which, in the plane of the laminate board, is greater than the width of the passage; and a

Abstract: There is provided an antenna implementing a first 0-th order resonant frequency using a first radiator to which power is fed through parallel inductors of helical structures, and implementing a second 0-th order resonant frequency using a second radiator to which power is couple-fed through radiation elements put into the helical structures.

Abstract: An antenna assembly includes a combination of a dielectrically loaded antenna unit for operation at a frequency in excess of 200 MHz and a connector secured to the antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit has a side surface and end surfaces and has a solid insulative dielectric core and an antenna element structure having a plurality of conductive antenna elements arranged on or adjacent the outer surface of the core, and wherein the connector includes an inner connection member that is coupled to at least one of the antenna elements and that projects from a central portion of one of the end surfaces of the antenna unit, and a hollow outer connection member that encircles the inner connection member and has an unattached annular edge and an attached annular edge, the attached annular edge being bonded to the one end surface of the antenna unit.

Abstract: A coaxial helical antenna for transmitting or receiving information through electromagnetic waves includes a first helical antenna comprising a first helix comprising a first diameter and a center cavity; a second helical antenna comprising a second helix comprising a second diameter, wherein the second diameter is smaller than the first diameter, and wherein the second helical antenna is seated within the center cavity of the first helical antenna; a shaped ground plate coupled to the first helical antenna and the second helical antenna; and two microstrip impedance transformers coupled to the first helical antenna, the second helical antenna, and the shaped ground plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dual-band monopole antenna with antenna signal fed through a short-circuit terminal of a transmission line load. The dual-band monopole antenna includes an antenna extension section and a transmission line load. The antenna extension section has a top terminal and a transmission line connection terminal. The transmission line connection terminal is connected to the transmission line load. The transmission line load includes a core transmission line, an outer circumferential conductor, and a dielectric layer. The core transmission line has an extension section connection terminal and a signal feeding terminal. The extension section connection terminal is connected to the transmission line connection terminal of the antenna extension section. The outer circumferential conductor circumferentially surrounds and is spaced from the core transmission line by a given distance and the outer circumferential conductor has an open terminal and a short-circuit terminal.

Abstract: A wireless IC device includes a spiral line electrode portion and a first capacitance electrode connected to the inner end of the line electrode portion, which are disposed on the top surface of a substrate. A second capacitance electrode opposing the first capacitance electrode and a cross line electrode, which connects the second capacitance electrode and a connecting portion that connects the top and bottom surfaces, are disposed on the bottom surface of the substrate. The connecting portion electrically connects the outer end of the line electrode portion and an end of the cross line electrode. A wireless IC is mounted such that terminal electrodes thereof are connected to the connecting portion and an end of a radiating electrode. A radiating/resonating electrode including the line electrode portion, the capacitance electrodes, and the cross line electrode can act both as a resonant circuit for a resonant tag and as a radiating electrode serving as an RFID tag.

Abstract: A broadband antenna including: a dielectric substrate; a meander line radiator formed on the dielectric substrate to be bent at an acute angle; and a stub extended from at least one of bending portions of the meander line radiator, wherein the meander line radiator has 2n number of the bending portions thereon to form an n number of turns, where n?1.

Abstract: A quadrifilar antenna having helical windings is fed by a phase shift feed network, each winding having an open circuit termination element, the phase shift feeding network having forward directional phase shift paths from a feed input to phase shift feed output ports, and having a first reverse directional transmission path from one or more of the phase shift feed output ports back to a first isolation port, and a second reverse directional transmission path from another one or more of the phase shift feed output ports back to a second isolation port, the first and second isolation ports isolated from the forward directional phase shift paths, and a differential termination impedance, floating from ground, connected the first and second isolation ports. Optionally, the differential termination impedance is frequency selective.

Abstract: Tuning an antenna circuit that includes an inductance of a resonance circuit, and a component having a component impedance. The antenna circuit includes multiple connection areas for connecting the component to the antenna circuit At least two of the multiple of connection areas are part of the resonance circuit.

Abstract: For installation in the chassis of a car to receive a tire pressure signal from a sensor and transmitter unit wirelessly and to transmit the signal to a display device in the driver's cab of the car through a cable, a receiving antenna for receiving tire pressure signal is disclosed to include a base, a circuit board mounted in the base and spaced the bottom side of the base at a distance over 1 cm, and a top cover covering the base. The circuit board has a metal signal receiving line arranged on the substrate thereof.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a base member that has an antenna unit and a loop pattern. The loop pattern is wound in such a manner that a magnetic field of the loop pattern is generated along the same direction as that of the antenna unit. Additionally, the loop pattern is formed by a plurality of loops connected parallel to each other.

Abstract: A radio frequency IC device includes a radio frequency IC chip, a feeder circuit substrate, and a radiating plate. The feeder circuit substrate includes a feeder circuit that electrically connects to the radio IC chip and that includes a resonance circuit and/or a matching circuit including inductance elements. The feeder circuit substrate is bonded to the radiating plate, which radiates a transmission signal supplied from the feeder circuit and supplies a received signal to the feeder circuit. The inductance elements are arranged in spiral patterns wound in opposite directions and couple to each other in opposite phases. The radio frequency IC device is able to obtain a radio frequency IC device that is not susceptible to being affected by a usage environment, minimizes variations in radiation characteristics, and can be used in a wide frequency band.

Abstract: An electronic receiver array for detecting microwave signals. Ultra-small resonant devices resonate at a frequency higher than the microwave frequency (for example, the optical frequencies) when the microwave energy is incident to the receiver. A microwave antenna couples the microwave energy and excites the ultra-small resonant structures to produce Plasmon activity on the surfaces of the resonant structures. The Plasmon activity produces detectable electromagnetic radiation at the resonant frequency.

Abstract: Circularly-polarized antennas and their methods of use for active holographic imaging through barriers. The antennas are dielectrically loaded to optimally match the dielectric constant of the barrier through which images are to be produced. The dielectric loading helps to remove barrier-front surface reflections and to couple electromagnetic energy into the barrier.

Abstract: A dual interface inlay having a bottom sheet; an antenna wire mounted to the top surface of the bottom sheet; end portions of the antenna wire formed with squiggles or meanders forming contact areas of increased surface area for subsequent attachment of a chip or chip module to the antenna wire; conductive material applied to the end portions of the antenna wire; a top sheet disposed over the bottom sheet for lamination thereto; and recesses formed in a bottom surface of the top sheet, at positions corresponding to the contact area. The antenna wire may be insulated wire, and insulation may be removed from the end portions of the antenna wire. Silicon cushions may be disposed in the bottom sheet under the contact areas.

Abstract: Coil units including windings are disposed on opposite sides across a virtual center line that is substantially perpendicular to a direction of positional displacement of a portable electronic apparatus that is to be disposed close to a reader/writer. The windings are connected in series through a conductor such that winding directions of the windings are the same. A difference in the communication performance between a case where the portable electronic apparatus is brought closer to a central portion of the reader/writer and a case where the portable electronic apparatus is brought closer to a position that is deviated from the central portion of the reader/writer can be reduced. In particular, even in a case where the portable electronic apparatus is brought closer to a peripheral portion of the reader/writer, a predetermined maximum possible communication range can be ensured.

Abstract: A quadrifilar helical antenna comprising two pairs of filars having unequal lengths and phase quadrature signals propagating thereon. A conductive H-shaped impedance matching element matches a source impedance to an antenna impedance. The impedance matching element having a feed terminal at the center thereof from which current is supplied to the two filars of each filar pair disposed about an edge of the impedance matching element and symmetric with respect to a center of the impedance matching element. The impedance matching element further comprises a reactive element for matching the antenna and source impedances.

Abstract: The present invention is a varying angle antenna design to be used with an electromagnetic radiation dissipation device that reduces exposure to undesirable electromagnetic radiation. The dissipation device uses a varying angle antenna to capture radiation from an active emission source, such as a cellular telephone when it is transmitting. The device converts the captured radiation into an electric current and dissipates the collected current by spending it to operate a thermal, mechanical, or electrical device. The varying angle antenna is a printed circuit board trace antenna comprising a microstrip having several serially connected meandering segments. One or more meandering segments include 90-degree bends in the microstrip, and one or more meandering segments include bends of more and less than 90 degrees. Portions of the microstrip that are horizontally oriented are all parallel, while portions of the microstrip that are vertically oriented can be parallel or angled, depending on the bend angle.

Abstract: A radio frequency device comprises a radio frequency transponder having a radio frequency circuit and a radio frequency antenna, and a sensor conductively connected to the radio frequency antenna so that a measurement can be retrieved from the sensor by communicating with the transponder. The radio frequency antenna comprises a first portion which is used primarily for receiving and/or sending of radio frequency signals, and a second portion which is used primarily for conductively connecting the sensor to the first portion of the radio frequency antenna and which enables placing the sensor in a spaced-apart spatial relation to the first portion of the radio frequency antenna.

Abstract: An leaky coaxial cable antenna with high radiation efficiency and low insertion loss is described. The outer shield of the coaxial cable is constructed to facilitate energy transfer between the bifilar mode and the monofilar mode by constructing the outer conductor of a first conductive strip wrapped in a spiral about the dielectric and a plurality of second conductive strips wrapped in a counter spiral about the first but spaced serially along the length of the coaxial cable such that portions of the cable are wrapped by a single spiral and the other portions are wrapped by two spirals.

Abstract: A quadrifilar helix antenna is provided having a feedpoint for the antenna connecting to individual helical antenna elements. A capacitive network, distributed along the length of the antenna, constitutes a variable frequency shunting network. At each position a first capacitive structure, that may comprise a single capacitor or multiple capacitors in series, interconnects a first pair of opposite antenna elements; a second capacitive structure interconnects the second pair of opposite antenna elements. As an applied frequency increases, the capacitive structures progressively short the opposite antenna elements thereby electrically reducing the antenna length.