Abstract: A printing device includes a developer for developing a latent image with toner particles; an imaging plate comprising a plurality of pixel plates; and a plurality of voltage generators connected respectively to the pixel plates. The voltage generators positively bias selected pixel plates to form a latent image that is developed with toner from the developer. Another printing device includes a developer for developing a latent image with toner particles; an imaging plate comprising a plurality of pixel plates for selectively receiving toner particles from the developer; a plurality of voltage generators for biasing respective to pixel plates; and a background grid in the imaging plate for preventing toner particles from being deposited in areas between the pixel plates, wherein the background grid is connected to a voltage generator for applying a range of biases, positive and negative to the background grid.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of this invention includes an image forming position correction unit which corrects an inclination or curve of an image in the main scanning direction by converting coordinates designating pixel positions of a bitmap image in the sub-scanning direction. It is discriminated whether image formation is normal image formation or formation of the toner image for detection by an image forming condition correction unit. Based on the discrimination result, the image forming apparatus is controlled so as to correct the image forming position by using the image forming position correction unit in a case in which the image formation is discriminated as the normal image formation, but so as not to correct the image forming position by using the image forming position correction unit in a case in which the image formation is discriminated as formation of the toner image for detection.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, a print head comprising the semiconductor device and an image forming apparatus comprising the print head are supplied which are able to reduce cost through miniaturizing element size and minishing chip area. The semiconductor device comprises a plurality of light emitting elements; and a shift register circuit that has output terminals respectively corresponding to the plurality of light emitting elements and stores emitting-light instruction data of the light emitting elements, wherein each light emitting element has a first electrode and a second electrode to that lightening electricity of the light emitting element flows, and a third electrode for controlling the light emitting element whether to emit light, the output terminals of the shift register circuit are respectively connected with the third electrodes of the corresponding light emitting element.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device having an electron-emitting region between electrodes on a substrate where the electron-emitting region contains fine particles dispersed therein at an areal occupation ratio of the fine particles ranging from 20% to 75% of the electron-emitting region is disclosed. The other electron-emitting device where the electron-emitting region contains fine particles being arranged at gaps of from 5 Å to 100 Å and having average particle diameter of from 5 Å to 1000 Å is also disclosed. Electron beam-generating apparatus and image-forming apparatus comprise one of the electron-emitting regions and a modulation means for modulating the electron beams emitted from the electron-emitting devices in accordance with information signals.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus is provided with a recording head in which a plurality of light emitting sections are aligned along a single dotted line or plural dotted lines, and a shifting device for shifting photosensitive material relatively to the recording head so that an image is recorded on the photosensitive material with exposure light emitted by the light emitting sections while the photosensitive material is shifted relatively to the recording head. The recording head is controlled to conduct preliminary light emission to let the light emitting sections emit light before the image recording on the photosensitive material is started.

Abstract: A method of testing light-emitting condition of a vacuum florescent print head is disclosed. The print head is of a type having a plurality of luminous elements disposed along a main scanning direction for forming dots in the form of a linear column on a print paper, and the print head is movable in a sub-scanning direction relative to the print paper. The method includes a first step of exposing and forming on a print paper a plurality of linear dot columns, each column consisting of a plurality of dots arranged along a main scanning direction with a predetermined space therebetween, the plurality of dot columns being juxtaposed with each other with a predetermined space therebetween; a second step of determining density of each dot formed and exposed by the first step one column after another by using a scanner; and a third step of outputting the determined densities of the respective dots as light-emitting amounts of a plurality of luminous elements forming the linear dot column.

Abstract: A vacuum fluorescent printer including a print head (60) having luminous blocks (32, 33, 34) each having a plurality of luminous elements arranged in a main scanning direction for irradiating a photosensitive material with light released from phosphorous objects to which electrons are applied based on a drive signal, thereby forming dots on the photosensitive material. A further luminous block (32b) is provided which is spaced from the luminous blocks (32a, 33, 34) in the sub-scanning direction and used for printing a particular color among the three colors (R, G, B). Each dot of the particular color is formed by light from a plurality of luminous blocks (32a, 32b). A printer controller (7c) is provided for generating a pulsed drive signal as the drive signal. The number of pulses in the drive signal is determined based on a density value of the image data, and the slower a moving speed is in the sub-scanning direction, to the larger pulse width the drive signal is set.

Abstract: A vacuum fluorescent print head (60) for photographic printing paper having luminous elements with phosphorous objects (64, 164) arranged linearly in a main scanning direction to form a plurality of luminous element arrays (90, 190) arranged in a sub-scanning direction at right angles to the main scanning direction. The luminous elements (62, 63, 64; 162, 163, 164) of the luminous element arrays (90; 190) are arranged at predetermined intervals, and the luminous element arrays are arranged relative to one another, such that light beams radiating from the luminous elements of one of the luminous element arrays and from the luminous elements of another of luminous element arrays lie close to one another without overlapping in the sub-scanning direction.

Abstract: A vacuum fluorescent printer including a print head (60) having luminous blocks (32, 33, 34) each having a plurality of luminous elements arranged in a main scanning direction for irradiating a photosensitive material with light released from phosphorous objects to which electrons are applied based on a drive signal, thereby forming dots on the photosensitive material. A further luminous block (32b) is provided which is spaced from the luminous blocks (32a, 33, 34) in the sub-scanning direction and used for printing a particular color among the three colors (R, G, B) Each dot of the particular color is formed by light from a plurality of luminous blocks (32a, 32b). A printer controller (7c) is provided for generating a pulsed drive signal as the drive signal. The number of pulses in the drive signal is determined based on a density value of the image data, and the slower a moving speed is in the sub-scanning direction, to the larger pulse width the drive signal is set.

Abstract: A photoprinter is described, including a print head comprising three parallel substrates, with the space between them being permanently evacuated. The middle substrate is divided into left and right parts with a space left between them. Suitable gettering means is located inside said space. The right side of the middle substrate supports a unilinear or trilinear array (for monochrome and color respectively) of microtips that rest on cathode columns. Gate lines, orthogonally disposed relative to the cathode columns are located at the top level of the microtips and have openings through which the microtips can emit electrons, due to field emission, which bombard nearby conductive phosphor layers, thereby emitting light. Microtips and phosphor layers are placed close together so that proximity focusing of the electrons is adequate. This allows the print head to be placed close to the surface of a rotatable photosensitive drum. A method for manufacturing the print head is described.

Abstract: A fluorescent printer head capable of being subject to dynamic driving to reduce the number of ICs required. A shield electrode is provided between anode arrays having anode dots arranged in an offset manner and control electrodes are respectively arranged for the anode arrays. The anode arrays are subject to dynamic driving and selected by the control electrodes. Such construction of the fluorescent printer head ensures smooth selection of the anode arrays during the dynamic driving. Also, it eliminates non-uniformity in luminance of the anode dots of the anode arrays and accomplishes downsizing of the printer head and a reduction in manufacturing cost thereof due to a reduction in the number of ICs required.

Abstract: Field-emitted electrons are converged by a structure according to the present invention in which odd order gate lines are connected to a first gate lead electrode, while even order gate lines are connected to a second gate lead electrode. When the first gate lead electrode is selected and operated, the potential of the second gate lead electrode is made to be a low level. Since the odd order gate line is disposed between low level even order gate lines, emitted electrons can be converged. When the second gate lead electrode is selected and operated, a contrary process is performed so that emitted electrons are converged. Each gate line has three dot-like field emission arrays, which correspond to red, green and blue color components, so that color image apparatus is structured.

Abstract: An e-beam processing method for improving micron and submicron line quality and resolution by selecting one of several recipes each containing recursive expressions for evaluating figure pattern fracturing and e-beam processing parameters based on the size of the figure's width.

Abstract: An optical recording head comprises a cathode for emitting electrons, and an emission element array, provided apart from the cathode. The emission element array has a substrate, a plurality of anodes arranged at predetermined intervals on the substrate, a plurality of phosphor cells, arranged in contact to the anodes on the substrate, for emitting light based on the electrons from the cathode, and an insulation layer formed on the substrate, and a control electrode, laid out on the insulation layer while being electrically insulated from the anodes, in such a way as to surround the phosphor cells. The control electrode accelerates the electrons from the cathode.

Abstract: A write head for a fluorescent printer which is capable of being prevented from being adversely affected by charging of electrons and opposite control electrodes and capable of forming an electrode pattern with high precision. Anodes 7 are arranged on a glass substrate 1 in a main scanning direction to constitute anode arrays in juxtaposition to each other, so that the anode arrays are arranged in two rows extending in a sub-scanning direction. The two anode arrays are so provided that the anodes 7 corresponding to each other in both anode arrays are arranged in a zigzag arrangement. Each pair of adjacent anodes 7 which correspond to each other in both anode arrays and are arranged so as to alternate in the zigzag arrangement include anode conductors 2 connected to each other through a wiring conductor 3a. The respective anode arrays are surrounded by groups of control electrodes 4a and 4b electrically independent from each other, respectively.

Abstract: A color print head capable of carrying out color display by means of a single kind of phosphor, forming luminous dots into an accurate configuration and positioning the luminous dots with high accuracy. Three luminous blocks are provided on an inner surface of a substrate. The luminous blocks each include four strip-like anode conductors arranged so as to extend in a direction parallel to a main scanning direction. The anode conductors are formed with through-holes of the same configuration in a manner to be obliquely arranged at the same intervals. The through-holes each are provided therein with a ZnO:Zn phosphor. The substrate is provided on an outer surface thereof with color filters for the respective luminous blocks, to thereby take out primary colors. Light emitted from each of the luminous blocks is guided through each of the color filters and irradiated on the same position, resulting in desired color display being reproduced.

Abstract: In a field emission microcathode array, a plurality of cones are arranged in a plurality of blocks, each of plural cones, on the main surface of a substrate, each cone having a sharp tip. A plurality of gate electrode portions respectively correspond to the blocks, each portion having a plurality of openings therein corresponding to the plurality of cones of the respective block, each opening being aligned with and disposed in surrounding relationship relative to the corresponding tip of the respectively associated cone. A plurality of lead electrodes, each configured as a fuse, are respectively connected to the plurality of gate electrode portions and each lead electrode provides an independent connection of the respective gate electrode portion to the common power source. In another embodiment, each gate electrode portion and wiring films connected thereto have respectively high and low resistances.

Abstract: A voltage is selectively applied between two electrodes (emitter and gate) disposed at a short distance to create an intense electric field between the electrodes. Electrons emitted by the field emission are accelerated by the intense electric field and collide against a fluorescent layer so that light can be emitted from portions of the fluorescent layer. With a recording head of the above construction, an electrostatic latent image is formed on a photosensitive drum.