Abstract: A method for writing to an electronic imaging substrate includes passing an electronic imaging substrate in relation to a writing device to change a state of image cells within the electronic imaging substrate. The imaging substrate is placed close enough to the writing device to reduce a blooming effect to a predefined threshold level when changing a state of one of the image cells within the electronic imaging substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a generator electrode, a discharge electrode that has an aperture, a dielectric structure between the generator electrode and the discharge electrode, and a charge spreading structure. The dielectric structure includes a charging region under the aperture. The charge spreading structure is on a surface of the charging region facing the aperture. The charge spreading structure is electrically disconnected from the generator electrode and the discharge electrode and spreads electrical charge carriers over underlying areas of the charging region.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus that emits light toward a latent-image bearing member configured to bear a latent image, the latent image formed on the latent-image bearing member being used in a developing process performed by a developing device. The exposure apparatus includes a first light-emitting unit including an organic electroluminescence element disposed along a main scanning direction of the latent-image bearing member, the first light-emitting unit emitting light toward the latent-image bearing member, and a second light-emitting unit disposed along the main scanning direction, the second light-emitting unit correcting an amount of light to which the latent-image bearing member is exposed in cooperation with the first light-emitting unit.

Abstract: A light emitting element array includes a plurality of light emitting elements each having a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The light emitting elements are arranged next to each other to form a group. The first terminal receives a drive signal, the second terminal is connected to ground, and the third terminal has a threshold voltage or a threshold current controllable from outside so that the light emitting elements are driven in a time division way.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image is formed when the print controller of a print engine wirelessly transmits digital printing signals. Driving electronics receives the wirelessly transmitted digital printing signals and transmits digital signals to address plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs) individually in a TFT array. Driving electronics also transmit pixel voltages to bias individual TFTs in the TFT array which in turn drives the hole injecting pixels overcoated with a charge transport layer to generate the electrostatic latent image on the surface of the charge transport layer in response to the received digital printing signals.

Abstract: One of an electric wiring substrate and a retaining member includes a section having an absorptance with respect to a laser beam, and the other one of the electric wiring substrate and the retaining member includes a section having a transmittance with respect to the laser beam. The electric wiring substrate and the retaining member are welded to each other by irradiation with a laser beam. At this time, the electric wiring substrate and the retaining member are welded to each other at least at a part of an outer peripheral section of the electric wiring substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device, a print head comprising the semiconductor device and an image forming apparatus comprising the print head are supplied which are able to reduce cost through miniaturizing element size and minishing chip area. The semiconductor device comprises a plurality of light emitting elements; and a shift register circuit that has output terminals respectively corresponding to the plurality of light emitting elements and stores emitting-light instruction data of the light emitting elements, wherein each light emitting element has a first electrode and a second electrode to that lightening electricity of the light emitting element flows, and a third electrode for controlling the light emitting element whether to emit light, the output terminals of the shift register circuit are respectively connected with the third electrodes of the corresponding light emitting element.

Abstract: A position control unit performs control so that the position of a controlled object is detected, and as a result of the detection, a drive unit is reverse-directed if the controlled object is situated beyond an ultimate target position, and the operation of the drive unit is stopped if the controlled object is situated beyond an acceptable ultimate target range.

Abstract: An adaptive digital ramp current control system comprises a digital current ramp controller configured to digitally ramp a current level supplied to at least one light emitting diode (LED) according to a predetermined ramp profile, the ramp profile comprising at least one intermediate current level step between a minimum current level and a maximum current level.

Abstract: Various particle transport systems and components for use in such systems are described. The systems utilize one or more traveling wave grids to selectively transport, distribute, separate, or mix different populations of particles. Numerous systems configured for use in two dimensional and three dimensional particle transport are described.

Abstract: A drive circuit is provided for supplying a drive current to drive a plurality of driven elements each having two main electrodes. The drive circuit includes a switch circuit for receiving a drive signal; and a constant voltage circuit connected to the switch circuit for adjusting the drive current at a constant level.

Abstract: A driving apparatus of a multi-function machine includes a scanner unit scanning data recorded on a sheet of document and a document transport part to transport the sheet of document. A printer unit prints data on a sheet of paper for an output and includes a carrier including a print head with an ink jet nozzle mounted thereon to carry out the printing operation by moving the print head. The driving apparatus includes a driving motor, a scanner driving part driving the scanner unit, a printer driving part driving the printer unit, and a power switching part disposed with the driving motor, the scanner driving part, and the printer driving part. The power switching part selectively transmits a power of the driving motor to at least one of the scanner driving part and the printer driving part.

Abstract: A driving apparatus of a multi-function machine includes a scanner unit scanning data recorded on a sheet of document and a document transport part to transport the sheet of document. A printer unit prints data on a sheet of paper for an output and includes a carrier including a print head with an ink jet nozzle mounted thereon to carry out the printing operation by moving the print head. The driving apparatus includes a driving motor, a scanner driving part driving the scanner unit, a printer driving part driving the printer unit, and a power switching part disposed with the driving motor, the scanner driving part, and the printer driving part. The power switching part selectively transmits a power of the driving motor to at least one of the scanner driving part and the printer driving part.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus having a cold cathode fluorescent lamp includes a central processing unit (CPU) controlling a scan unit to be in one of the stand-by mode, a scan mode and a sleep mode and outputting a PWM signal having a variable duty ratio based on an operation mode of the scan unit; a filter unit receiving the PWM signal from the CPU, filtering the PWM signal, and outputting the filtered signal; a feedback unit detecting the voltage applied to the fluorescent lamp and outputting a feedback signal; a controlling unit controlling the illumination of the fluorescent lamp based on the voltage input from the feedback unit, the controlling unit outputting a control signal variably controlling the voltage applied to the fluorescent lamp depending on the filtered signal; and a lamp drive unit applying variable AC voltage to the fluorescent lamp based on the control signal, thereby driving the fluorescent lamp.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a circuit for driving control electrodes between a reset voltage and an adjustable extraction voltage. The circuit includes a reset switch having first and second terminals with the first terminal being connected to a high voltage source. A plurality of set switches, each capable of assuming an on state and an off state connected such that a first terminal of each set switch is connected to a corresponding one of the control electrodes and a second terminal is connected to a low voltage source. The circuit further includes a plurality of diodes, each being connected between the second terminal of the reset switch and a corresponding one of the control electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and circuit for driving control electrodes between a reset voltage and an adjustable control voltage. The circuit includes a reset switch capable of assuming a first state and a second state, the reset switch including a first terminal connected to a first voltage source; a plurality of diodes, each one of the plurality connected between a second terminal of the reset switch and a corresponding one of the control electrodes; and a plurality of voltage control switches, each voltage control switch being capable of assuming an active state and an inactive state, each voltage control switch including a first terminal connected to a corresponding one of the control electrodes and a second terminal connected to a second voltage source, wherein the extraction voltage supplied to a control electrode is adjusted by adjusting the length of time that the corresponding voltage source is made active.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a circuit for driving control electrodes between a reset voltage and an adjustable extraction voltage. The circuit includes a reset switch having first and second terminals with the first terminal being connected to a high voltage source. A plurality of set switches, each capable of assuming an on state and an off state connected such that a first terminal of each set switch is connected to a corresponding one of the control electrodes and a second terminal is connected to a low voltage source. The circuit further includes a plurality of diodes, each being connected between the second terminal of the reset switch and a corresponding one of the control electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and circuit for driving control electrodes between a reset voltage and an adjustable control voltage. The circuit includes a reset switch capable of assuming a first state and a second state, the reset switch including a first terminal connected to a first voltage source; a plurality of diodes, each one of the plurality connected between a second terminal of the reset switch and a corresponding one of the control electrodes; and a plurality of voltage control switches, each voltage control switch being capable of assuming an active state and an inactive state, each voltage control switch including a first terminal connected to a corresponding one of the control electrodes and a second terminal connected to a second voltage source, wherein the extraction voltage supplied to a control electrode is adjusted by adjusting the length of time that the corresponding voltage source is made active.

Abstract: An electron beam printer assembly for operating a standard electron beam print cartridge (such as an eighteen inch 600 DPI print cartridge) includes an RF generator which has a powdered iron core transformer, and a dual pulse width generator operatively connected to the transformer. The RF generator also includes a power driver, control logic, and an oscillator feedback circuit. The dual pulse width generator may comprise a NOR gate, a capacitor, two resistors, and a diode, all connected to an adjustable voltage source. The transformer core may be toroid-shaped, and of carbonyl SF. Using this RF generator it is possible to image a substrate moving at a speed of greater than 200 FPM, and to operate at a frequency of about 5 MHz in an efficient manner, to eliminate print gradients due to an overdriven transformer, to eliminate transformer temperature failures due to core loss, and to provide greater flexibility in transformer construction and design, and less power loss in the transformer drive transistor.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus and an image recording method enable high density and without blank space between pixels printed on a recording medium to be printed. The image recording apparatus comprises a multi-hole photoreceptor provided with a transparent conductive layer, photoconductive layer, and multi-hole layer having a plurality of holes arranged with equal interval, on a transparent supporting structure, and an opposite electrode arranged so as to be opposite to the multi-hole photoreceptor with interval while inserting a recording medium. Conductive colored particles which fly in order from a plurality of holes of the multi-hole photoreceptor form respective pixels by driving the multi-hole photoreceptor corresponding to the pixel.

Abstract: Improved electrostatic latent image charge generator consisting of generator electrodes substantially in contact with one side of a first solid dielectric member; a discharge electrode substantially in contact with the other side of the solid dielectric member opposite the generator electrodes; a second solid dielectric member having one side substantially in contact with the discharge electrode; and modulator electrodes substantially in contact with the other side of the second dielectric member. The second dielectric member, generator electrodes, and modulator electrodes have a plurality of apertures in alignment with each other and with generator electrodes so that charge formed in discharge apertures may be extracted and employed to form an electrostatic latent image upon a dielectric image receptor.

Abstract: An arrangement for producing a variable width pulse is disclosed for use in an electrostatic printing mechanism which is adapted to produce grayscale intensity of a pixel to be printed based on predetermined digital data. The variable width pulse is formed during a clock interval which is established by a clock signal such that the width of the pulse during the clock interval is based on the digital data and corresponds to a grayscale intensity of the pixel to be printed. The arrangement includes at least a first delay line including an input, an output and a plurality of cells serially connected therebetween such that a digital signal received by the input propagates from the input to the output through the cells. Each cell includes a cell output for indication of the present state of digital data contained in the cell. A pulse generating section then provides the clock signal, as the digital signal, to the input of the first delay line such that the clock signal propagates through the first delay line.

Abstract: A device for providing an RF signal burst to an external load includes a voltage-controlled oscillator to generate a drive signal having a frequency f.sub.VCO fixed by an oscillator control signal. An RF driver stage coupled to the external load receives the drive signal and generates an RF signal burst in response to the drive signal. A current transformer coupled between the RF driver stage and the external load senses the current in the RF driver stage and generates a reference current having the same phase as the sensed current. A phase detector receives the reference current along with the drive signal and generates a phase detection signal that provides a measure of the phase of the current in the RF driver stage with respect to the drive signal. The phase detection signal can be used to adjust the oscillator control signal to drive the oscillator frequency to a desired value.

Abstract: An apparatus for high-speed charge latent image generation which employs two or more charge generating matrix sets. These matrix sets are electrically connected so that image charges are simultaneously generated from each set. Charge from the matrix sets is deposited upon a dielectric image receptor surface adapted to move longitudinally with respect to the charge image generation apparatus. The charge image is in the form of dots that are formed using two or more sets of independently controlled matrix arrays that are spaced from each other in a longitudinal direction. The matrix sets are laid out so that the dots from any one set are interleaved among the other sets, resulting in the power loading to the charge image generating apparatus being distributed over a larger area. The method performed by such apparatus permits greater spacing of the matrix elements and results in minimizing artifacts in the latent electrostatic charge image.

Abstract: In a color image forming apparatus, a plurality of color images of component colors are combined to form a full color image. These images of the component colors are overlapped on an intermediate recording medium, and are then transferred to a transfer medium. Control circuitry reduces the amount of time required to form the component color images on the intermediate transfer medium, and to prevent an abnormality such as an out-of-phase or pull-out of a closed loop control circuit for controlling such a formation of the component color images. This may be achieved by abruptly changing a phase of a motor synchronizing signal. Further, for a period of time after the motor synchronizing signal is abruptly changed, a gain of an amplifier in the motor control circuit can be reduced, an abnormality detection in the motor control circuit can be reduced, the motor control circuit can be placed in an open loop state, or an addition or subtraction signal can be input to the closed loop motor control circuit.

Abstract: Marking device for controlled application of charge carriers to a substrate includes a charge carrier source for generating the charge carriers, a voltage source having a first pole and a second pole connected to the charge carrier source and forming therewith a current circuit wherein a control device is located, the voltage source having a third pole for generating a predeterminable electrical potential on the substrate, so that the charge carriers are applicable thereat by corresponding triggering of the control device, the control device being assigned to at least one of the first and the second poles and being located at approximately 0-volt potential.

Abstract: The invention makes it possible to drive a halftone image device and achieve high halftone reproduction by allowing at least one of the leading and trailing edges of a pulse width-modulated signal applied to a recording head, or forming amplitude- and width-modulated pulses, respectively, as driving pulses for placing one dot under halftone control, and changing pulse width modulation in a stepwise manner, using the pulse width of the amplitude-modulated pulse as a unit pulse width.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording head comprises an insulating substrate having a builtup structure thereon. The builtup structure includes, in the following order, a plurality of dielectric electrode strips having portions which are arranged in parallel to and kept away from one another, a first insulating layer, a plurality of discharge electrode strips each extending to intersect with the respective portions of the dielectric electrode strips, a second insulating layer having a plurality of openings to form part of an ion generating space region at individual intersected portions of said discharge electrode strips and said dielectric electrode strips, and a screen electrode which is provided to complete each ion generating space region in association with the second insulating layer and has a plurality of openings, through which ions are passed, corresponding to the respective ion generating space regions.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, an aperture electrode member, a toner supply device, a fixing device, a main power source and a main base plate are mounted to a main body case while a back electrode roller is disposed on a lid member. When the lid member is closed, the aperture electrode member and the back electrode roller are kept at a 1 mm gap interval. On the other hand, when the lid member is opened, the aperture electrode member and the back electrode roller are completely separated from each other, so that the aperture electrode member can be easily cleaned.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus capable of forming an image with a high-resolution. The image forming apparatus comprises an aperture electrode wherein toner particles are controlled so as to pass through each of the apertures or not so as to pass through each of the apertures. The image forming apparatus capable of forming an image by forming toner dots on a recording medium, has an aperture electrode having a plurality of elliptical apertures such that an minor axis of the aperture is parallel to the direction of movement of the supporting member.

Abstract: A solid ion recording head using an ion generation device, capable of realizing a uniform and stable recording and a compact physical configuration. The head includes a head support member in substantially rectangular cross sectional shape for supporting the ion generation device on a lower side of the rectangular cross sectional shape facing against the recording medium and the driving circuits on side faces of the rectangular cross sectional shape. The ion generation device includes control electrodes having ion passing holes which are arranged such that picture dot to be recorded on the recording medium from each one of the ion passing holes is recorded on a spot around which picture dots already recorded by other ion passing holes are distributed symmetrically on both sides. The control electrodes may have a structure in which a plurality of the ion passing holes are provided with respect to each picture dot to be recorded.

Abstract: An electrostatic printing apparatus is arranged to generate an electrostatic latent image on an image supporting medium having an insulating releasing layer and a resin thin film layer formed successively on an electrically conductive substrate, to generate a toner image on the resin thin film layer by developing the electrostatic latent image with a toner solution, and to transfer the toner image together with the resin thin film layer to a recording medium by superposing the recording medium on the resin thin film layer of the image supporting medium with the toner image formed on the resin thin film layer and pressing and heating at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the resin thin film layer.

Abstract: A radiation detector with temperature readout has a multicolored LED display divided into segments of zero degrees to 9 degrees centigrade colored green, 10 degrees to 19 degrees centigrade in yellow, and 20 degrees to 100 degrees centigrade in red. Alternatively, two red segments are provided for ranges of 20 degrees to 64 degrees centigrade and 65 degrees centigrade and above, respectively. The radiation detector is automatically zeroed at ambient upon use and provides a readout of temperature rise above ambient throughout a scan of a subject. In one design, only one LED for each segment of the display is illuminated at a time. An audible signal is sounded at an increasing pulse frequency as the display is illuminated from the green segment to the red segment of measured temperature rise above ambient with a constant tone for temperature rises above about 20 degrees centigrade. In an alternative design a timing circuit allows the detector to self operate for a predetermined length of time.